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Hirth LN, Holman A, Levine J, Tobin K. Usefulness of newer testing modalities for the accurate diagnosis of culture-negative endocarditis. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e260163. [PMID: 39242131 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2024-260163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
A woman in her 80s with a history of congestive heart failure, atrial arrhythmia treated with atrioventricular nodal ablation and permanent pacemaker (PPM) placement, mitral valve disease status post-repair and colon cancer status post-treatment was admitted for further evaluation of severe dyspnea on exertion. Imaging revealed vegetation on both the prosthetic mitral valve and the PPM lead. Blood cultures were collected without growth, so a cell-free DNA Karius test was performed, which can detect over 1000 pathogens and has a sensitivity between 87% and 93%. Testing returned positive results for Streptococcus bovis subspecies pasteurianus Given its association with colorectal cancer, abdominal imaging and an endoscopic biopsy were performed, showing recurrent colonic malignancy. The patient underwent a right colon resection prior to cardiac intervention. This report describes the clinical application of the novel cell-free DNA Karius test, which led to the diagnosis of recurrent colon cancer associated with S. pasteurianus endocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren N Hirth
- Medical School, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alexis Holman
- Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jake Levine
- Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kenneth Tobin
- Cardiovascular Disease, Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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2
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Jaya-Bodestyne SL, Tan YY, Sultan R, Yeo KT, Kong JY. Clinical Course and Outcomes of Infants with Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus Gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2024; 43:756-762. [PMID: 38621155 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus (SGP), a subtype of Streptococcus bovis , is an uncommon but important cause of neonatal sepsis. Although uncommon, SGP infections during infancy have been associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. METHODS This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of available literature on the clinical course and outcomes of infants with SGP infection. Studies were identified using the following MeSH keywords: " Streptococcus gallolyticus ," " Streptococcus bovis ," "newborn" and "infant." Data including perinatal factors, clinical presentation, investigations, treatment and outcomes were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS A total of 46 articles were identified (116 cases: 60 S. bovis , 56 SGP). The cases were predominantly term (52%), male (57%) and born via vaginal delivery (67%). The most common symptom was fever [67% (95% confidence interval (CI): 43%-84%)], lethargy [66% (95% CI: 32%-89%)], tachypnea [59% (95% CI: 27%-85%)] and irritability [59% (95% CI: 34%-79%)]. Infants with early-onset infections (<3 days of life) were more likely to have respiratory symptoms and bacteremia (73%), whereas late-onset infections presented predominantly with gastrointestinal symptoms. Four mortalities were reported which occurred before antibiotic administration. Isolated bacteria were mostly penicillin-susceptible [95% (95% CI: 78-99%)] and cases treated with penicillin derivative had good recovery. CONCLUSIONS SGP is an important cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. Penicillin derivative is an effective treatment for SGP, and outcomes appear to be favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yee Yin Tan
- From the Department of Neonatology, KK Women's & Children's Hospital
| | | | - Kee Thai Yeo
- From the Department of Neonatology, KK Women's & Children's Hospital
- Duke-NUS Medical School
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juin Yee Kong
- From the Department of Neonatology, KK Women's & Children's Hospital
- Duke-NUS Medical School
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
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3
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Alzahabi M, Haddad J, Bishai SK. Streptococcus lutetiensis prosthetic shoulder infection assisting in the diagnosis of invasive adenocarcinoma of the colon. JSES REVIEWS, REPORTS, AND TECHNIQUES 2024; 4:559-562. [PMID: 39157225 PMCID: PMC11329031 DOI: 10.1016/j.xrrt.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Majed Alzahabi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mclaren Macomb, Mount Clemens, MI, USA
| | - Jamil Haddad
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mclaren Macomb, Mount Clemens, MI, USA
| | - Shariff K. Bishai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Macomb, Shelby Township, MI, USA
- Detroit Orthopaedic Institute, Troy, MI, USA
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Justesen US, Ellebæk MB, Qvist N, Iachina M, Frimodt-Møller N, Søes LM, Skovgaard S, Lemming L, Samulioniene J, Andersen SL, Dessau RB, Møller JK, Coia JE, Gradel KO. Colorectal cancer and association with anaerobic bacteraemia: A Danish nationwide population-based cohort study. J Infect 2024; 89:106212. [PMID: 38960102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify specific anaerobic bacteria causing bacteraemia and a subsequent diagnosis of colorectal cancer. METHODS A nationwide population-based cohort study, which included all episodes of defined specific anaerobic bacteraemia from 2010 (5,534,738 inhabitants) through 2020 (5,822,763 inhabitants) and all cases of colorectal cancer diagnosed from 2010 through 2021 in Denmark. We calculated the incidence and risk of colorectal cancer after bacteraemia with specific anaerobic bacteria using Escherichia coli bacteraemia as reference. RESULTS Nationwide data on colorectal cancer and specific anaerobic bacteraemia (100% complete, representing 11,124 episodes). The frequencies of colorectal cancer within one year following anaerobic bacteraemia were higher for species, which almost exclusively reside in the colon, such as Phocaeicola vulgatus/dorei (5.5%), Clostridium septicum (24.2%), and Ruminococcus gnavus (4.6%) compared to 0.6% in 50,650 E. coli bacteraemia episodes. Bacteroides spp. had a subhazard ratio for colorectal cancer of 3.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.0 to 5.1) and for Clostridium spp. it was 8.9 (95% CI, 6.7 to 11.8, with C. septicum 50.0 [95% CI, 36.0 to 69.5]) compared to E. coli (reference). CONCLUSION This nationwide study identified specific colorectal cancer-associated anaerobic bacteria, which almost exclusively reside in the colon. Bacteraemia with these bacteria could be an indicator of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik S Justesen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark.
| | - Mark B Ellebæk
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark; Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Niels Qvist
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark; Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Maria Iachina
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark; Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Niels Frimodt-Møller
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Lillian M Søes
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark
| | - Sissel Skovgaard
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, 2730, Denmark
| | - Lars Lemming
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Jurgitta Samulioniene
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg 9000, Denmark
| | - Steen L Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa 6200, Denmark
| | - Ram B Dessau
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zealand University Hospital, Slagelse 4200, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Region of Southern Denmark, 7100, Denmark
| | - Jens K Møller
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Region of Southern Denmark, 7100, Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle 7100, Denmark
| | - John E Coia
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Region of Southern Denmark, 7100, Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital South West Jutland, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg 6700, Denmark
| | - Kim O Gradel
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark; Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
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5
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Cagri MA, Sahin M, Ersoy Y, Aydin C, Buyuk F. Geese as reservoirs of human colon cancer-associated Streptococcus gallolyticus. Res Vet Sci 2024; 176:105341. [PMID: 38963992 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Recently, an increased number of reports have described pathogens of animal origin that cause a variety of infections and a rise in their transmission to humans. Streptococcus gallolyticus, a member of the Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex (SBSEC), is one of these pathogens and infects a wide range of hosts from mammals to poultry and has a broad functionality ranging from pathogenicity to food fermentation. As S. gallolyticus causes complications including bacteremia, infective endocarditis, and colorectal malignancy in humans, it is important to investigate its occurrence in various hosts, including geese, to prevent potential zoonotic transmissions. This study aimed to investigate the presence of S. gallolyticus in the droppings of clinically healthy and diarrheic geese, which were raised intensively and semi-intensively, by the in vitro culture method, characterize the isolates recovered by PCR and sequence-based molecular methods and determine their antibiotic susceptibility by the disk diffusion and gradient test methods. For this purpose, 150 samples of fresh goose droppings were used. Culture positivity for S. gallolyticus was determined as 8% (12/150). PCR analysis identified 54.55% (n = 6) of the isolates as S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus and 45.45% (n = 5) as S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus. Following the 16S rRNA sequence and ERIC-PCR analyses, S. gallolyticus subspecies exhibited identical cluster and band profiles that could be easily distinguished from each other and were clonally identified. High rates of susceptibility to florfenicol, penicillin, rifampicin, and vancomycin were detected among the isolates, regardless of the subspecies diversity. Both subspecies showed high levels of resistance to bacitracin, clindamycin, doxycycline, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and erythromycin and multiple MDR profiles, indicating their potential to become superbugs. This first report from Türkiye demonstrates the occurrence of the S. gallolyticus subspecies in geese. In view of the recent increase of geese production and the consumption of goose meat in Türkiye, the occurrence of S. gallolyticus in geese should not be ignored to prevent zoonotic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mitat Sahin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Türkiye; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Yaren Ersoy
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Kafkas University, Kars, Türkiye
| | - Cansu Aydin
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Fatih Buyuk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Türkiye.
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a substantial source of global morbidity and mortality in dire need of improved prevention and treatment strategies. As our understanding of CRC grows, it is becoming increasingly evident that the gut microbiota, consisting of trillions of microorganisms in direct interface with the colon, plays a substantial role in CRC development and progression. Understanding the roles that individual microorganisms and complex microbial communities play in CRC pathogenesis, along with their attendant mechanisms, will help yield novel preventive and therapeutic interventions for CRC. In this Review, we discuss recent evidence concerning global perturbations of the gut microbiota in CRC, associations of specific microorganisms with CRC, the underlying mechanisms by which microorganisms potentially drive CRC development and the roles of complex microbial communities in CRC pathogenesis. While our understanding of the relationship between the microbiota and CRC has improved in recent years, our findings highlight substantial gaps in current research that need to be filled before this knowledge can be used to the benefit of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell T White
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia L Sears
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Cocomazzi G, Del Pup L, Contu V, Maggio G, Parmegiani L, Ciampaglia W, De Ruvo D, Faioli R, Maglione A, Baldini GM, Baldini D, Pazienza V. Gynecological Cancers and Microbiota Dynamics: Insights into Pathogenesis and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2237. [PMID: 38396914 PMCID: PMC10889201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the relationship between the microbiota and various aspects of health has become a focal point of scientific investigation. Although the most studied microbiota concern the gastrointestinal tract, recently, the interest has also been extended to other body districts. Female genital tract dysbiosis and its possible impact on pathologies such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and gynecological cancers have been unveiled. The incursion of pathogenic microbes alters the ecological equilibrium of the vagina, triggering inflammation and compromising immune defense, potentially fostering an environment conducive to cancer development. The most common types of gynecological cancer include cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer, which occur in women of any age but especially in postmenopausal women. Several studies highlighted that a low presence of lactobacilli at the vaginal level, and consequently, in related areas (such as the endometrium and ovary), correlates with a higher risk of gynecological pathology and likely contributes to increased incidence and worse prognosis of gynecological cancers. The complex interplay between microbial communities and the development, progression, and treatment of gynecologic malignancies is a burgeoning field not yet fully understood. The intricate crosstalk between the gut microbiota and systemic inflammation introduces a new dimension to our understanding of gynecologic cancers. The objective of this review is to focus attention on the association between vaginal microbiota and gynecological malignancies and provide detailed knowledge for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Cocomazzi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy;
| | - Lino Del Pup
- Gynecological Endocrinology and Fertility, University Sanitary Agency Friuli Central (ASUFC), Via Pozzuolo, 330, 33100 Udine, FVG, Italy;
| | - Viviana Contu
- Integrative Medicine Unit, Humanitas Gradenigo, Corso Regina Margherita 8/10, 10153 Torino, FC, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Maggio
- Pia Fondazione Cardinale Giovanni Panico, Via S. Pio X, 4, 73039 Tricase, LE, Italy;
| | - Lodovico Parmegiani
- Next Fertility GynePro, NextClinics International Via T. Cremona 8, 40137 Bologna, RE, Italy; (L.P.); (W.C.)
| | - Walter Ciampaglia
- Next Fertility GynePro, NextClinics International Via T. Cremona 8, 40137 Bologna, RE, Italy; (L.P.); (W.C.)
| | - Daniele De Ruvo
- Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine Affidea Promea, Via Menabrea 14, 10126 Torino, TO, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Faioli
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy; (R.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Annamaria Maglione
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy; (R.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Giorgio Maria Baldini
- IVF Center, Momò Fertilife, 76011 Bisceglie Via Cala dell’Arciprete, 76011 Bisceglie, BT, Italy; (G.M.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Domenico Baldini
- IVF Center, Momò Fertilife, 76011 Bisceglie Via Cala dell’Arciprete, 76011 Bisceglie, BT, Italy; (G.M.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy;
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8
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Feng P, Xue X, Bukhari I, Qiu C, Li Y, Zheng P, Mi Y. Gut microbiota and its therapeutic implications in tumor microenvironment interactions. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1287077. [PMID: 38322318 PMCID: PMC10844568 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1287077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of cancer is not just the growth and proliferation of a single transformed cell, but its tumor microenvironment (TME) also coevolves with it, which is primarily involved in tumor initiation, development, metastasis, and therapeutic responses. Recent years, TME has been emerged as a potential target for cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, the clinical efficacy of treatments targeting the TME, especially its specific components, remains insufficient. In parallel, the gut microbiome is an essential TME component that is crucial in cancer immunotherapy. Thus, assessing and constructing frameworks between the gut microbiota and the TME can significantly enhance the exploration of effective treatment strategies for various tumors. In this review the role of the gut microbiota in human cancers, including its function and relationship with various tumors was summarized. In addition, the interaction between the gut microbiota and the TME as well as its potential applications in cancer therapeutics was described. Furthermore, it was summarized that fecal microbiota transplantation, dietary adjustments, and synthetic biology to introduce gut microbiota-based medical technologies for cancer treatment. This review provides a comprehensive summary for uncovering the mechanism underlying the effects of the gut microbiota on the TME and lays a foundation for the development of personalized medicine in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengya Feng
- Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori, Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer of Henan Province, Marshall Medical Research Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Children Rehabilitation Medicine, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xia Xue
- Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori, Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer of Henan Province, Marshall Medical Research Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ihtisham Bukhari
- Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori, Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer of Henan Province, Marshall Medical Research Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunjing Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori, Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer of Henan Province, Marshall Medical Research Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori, Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer of Henan Province, Marshall Medical Research Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengyuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori, Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer of Henan Province, Marshall Medical Research Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Mi
- Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori, Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer of Henan Province, Marshall Medical Research Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Anderson SM, Sears CL. The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Cancer: A Review, With Special Focus on Colorectal Neoplasia and Clostridioides difficile. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 77:S471-S478. [PMID: 38051969 PMCID: PMC10697667 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome has coevolved with humans to aid in physiologic functions and prevent disease. An increasing prevalence of gut dysbiosis in modern society exists and has strong linkages to multiple disease processes common in the developed world. Mechanisms for microbiome-human interactions that impact host homeostasis include bacterial metabolite/toxin production, biofilm formation with mucous layer infiltration, and host immune system modulation. Most of this crosstalk occurs at the epithelial layer of the gut, and as such the role of these interactions in the induction of colorectal cancer-a highly prevalent disease globally and one undergoing significant epidemiologic shifts-is under increasing scrutiny. Although multiple individual gut bacteria have been hypothesized as possible driver organisms in the oncogenic process, no bacterium has been definitively identified as a causal agent of colorectal cancer, suggesting that host lifestyle factors, microbiome community interactions, and the mucosal and/or systemic immune response may play a critical role in the process. Recent evidence has emerged implicating the ubiquitous human pathogen Clostridioides difficile as a possible promoter of colorectal cancer through chronic toxin-mediated cellular changes. Although much remains to be defined regarding the natural history of infections caused by this pathogen and its potential for oncogenesis, it provides a strong model for the role of both individual bacteria and of the gut microbial community as a whole in the development of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cynthia L Sears
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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10
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Ouranos K, Gardikioti A, Bakaloudi DR, Mylona EK, Shehadeh F, Mylonakis E. Association of the Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus Complex With Colorectal Neoplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad547. [PMID: 38023558 PMCID: PMC10655943 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Invasive infection with Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex (SBSEC) bacteria is associated with underlying colorectal neoplasia. However, the link between intestinal or fecal colonization with SBSEC isolates or antibody responses to SBSEC members and colorectal cancer is not thoroughly investigated in the literature. Methods We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases for case-control studies as well as retrospective or prospective cohort studies reporting an association between SBSEC bacteria and colorectal neoplasia. Results We identified 22 studies (15 case-control and 7 cohort) that met our inclusion criteria. Among the cohort studies, patients with SBSEC bacteremia were 3.73 times more likely to have underlying colorectal cancer compared with individuals with no bacteremia (relative risk [RR], 3.73; 95% CI, 2.79-5.01), whereas the risk of underlying colorectal adenoma in patients with SBSEC bacteremia was not significantly increased (RR, 5.00; 95% CI, 0.83-30.03). In case-control studies, patients with colorectal cancer were 2.27 times more likely to have evidence of intestinal or fecal colonization with SBSEC isolates (odds ratio [OR], 2.27; 95% CI, 1.11-4.62) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses to SBSEC antigens (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.06-4.86) compared with controls. Patients with colorectal adenoma were not more likely to be colonized with SBSEC isolates compared with controls (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.55-2.25). Conclusions Apart from the well-established association of SBSEC bacteremia and underlying colorectal cancer, intestinal or fecal colonization with SBSEC isolates and IgG antibody responses to SBSEC antigens were higher in patients with colorectal cancer compared with controls. Neither bacteremia from SBSEC isolates nor colonization with SBSEC bacteria was associated with underlying colorectal adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Ouranos
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Angeliki Gardikioti
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Evangelia K Mylona
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fadi Shehadeh
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Mylonakis
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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11
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Pasquereau-Kotula E, Nigro G, Dingli F, Loew D, Poullet P, Xu Y, Kopetz S, Davis J, Peduto L, Robbe-Masselot C, Sansonetti P, Trieu-Cuot P, Dramsi S. Global proteomic identifies multiple cancer-related signaling pathways altered by a gut pathobiont associated with colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14960. [PMID: 37696912 PMCID: PMC10495336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41951-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we investigated the oncogenic role of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus (SGG), a gut bacterium associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). We showed that SGG UCN34 accelerates colon tumor development in a chemically induced CRC murine model. Full proteome and phosphoproteome analysis of murine colons chronically colonized by SGG UCN34 revealed that 164 proteins and 725 phosphorylation sites were differentially regulated. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) indicates a pro-tumoral shift specifically induced by SGG UCN34, as ~ 90% of proteins and phosphoproteins identified were associated with digestive cancer. Comprehensive analysis of the altered phosphoproteins using ROMA software revealed up-regulation of several cancer hallmark pathways such as MAPK, mTOR and integrin/ILK/actin, affecting epithelial and stromal colonic cells. Importantly, an independent analysis of protein arrays of human colon tumors colonized with SGG showed up-regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK pathways, providing clinical relevance to our findings. To test SGG's capacity to induce pre-cancerous transformation of the murine colonic epithelium, we grew ex vivo organoids which revealed unusual structures with compact morphology. Taken together, our results demonstrate the oncogenic role of SGG UCN34 in a murine model of CRC associated with activation of multiple cancer-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pasquereau-Kotula
- Biology of Gram-Positive Pathogens Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - Giulia Nigro
- Stroma, Inflammation and Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, 75015, Paris, France
- Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Florent Dingli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CurieCoreTech Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CurieCoreTech Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Poullet
- Institut Curie, Bioinformatics Core Facility (CUBIC), INSERM U900, PSL Research University, Mines Paris Tech, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Yi Xu
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Lucie Peduto
- Stroma, Inflammation and Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Robbe-Masselot
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Sansonetti
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, INSERM U1202, and College de France, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Trieu-Cuot
- Biology of Gram-Positive Pathogens Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Shaynoor Dramsi
- Biology of Gram-Positive Pathogens Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, 75015, Paris, France.
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12
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Laupland KB, Edwards F, Furuya-Kanamori L, Paterson DL, Harris PNA. Bloodstream Infection and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Queensland Australia, 2000-2019. Am J Med 2023; 136:896-901. [PMID: 37230400 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bloodstream infections may occur as a complication of colorectal cancer or be a marker for its occult presence. The objectives of this study were to quantify the overall and etiology-specific risks for incident colorectal cancer-associated bloodstream infection. METHODS Population-based surveillance for community-onset bloodstream infection was conducted among adults aged 20 years and older in Queensland, Australia between 2000 and 2019. Statewide databases were used to identify patients with incident colorectal cancer and collect clinical and outcome information. RESULTS After exclusion of 1794 patients with prior colorectal cancer, a cohort of 84,754 patients was assembled, of which 1030 had colorectal cancer-associated bloodstream infection and 83,724 had no colorectal cancer. Bloodstream infection was associated with a 16-fold annualized increased risk for diagnosis of colorectal cancer (incidence rate ratio 16.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15.1-17.1) in the adult population. Patients who had colorectal cancer-associated bloodstream infection were more likely to be older and male, have hospital-onset and polymicrobial infections, and have fewer non-cancer-related comorbidities. The organisms associated with highest risk for colorectal cancer included Clostridium species (relative risk [RR] 6.1; 95% CI, 4.7-7.9); especially C. septicum (RR 25.0; 95% CI, 16.9-35.7), Bacteroides species (RR 4.7; 95% CI, 3.8-5.8); especially B. ovatus (RR 11.8; 95% CI, 2.4-34.5), Gemella species (RR 6.5; 95% CI, 3.0-12.5), Streptococcus bovis group (RR 4.4; 95% CI, 2.7-6.8); especially S. infantarius subsp. coli (RR 10.6; 95% CI, 2.9-27.3), Streptococcus anginosus group (RR 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3-2.7), and Enterococcus species (RR 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.8). CONCLUSION Although much attention has been afforded to S. bovis group over the past decades, there are many other isolates associated with higher risk for colorectal cancer-associated bloodstream infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin B Laupland
- Department of Intensive Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia; Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia.
| | | | - Luis Furuya-Kanamori
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Center for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David L Paterson
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Center for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
| | - Patrick N A Harris
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Center for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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13
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Manoku E, Piedade GS, Gelhardt AL, Cordeiro JG, Terzis JA. Spinal Infection Due to Enterococcus faecalis as the First Manifestation of Colorectal Cancer. Cureus 2023; 15:e39815. [PMID: 37397680 PMCID: PMC10314309 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal epidural abscess is a relatively infrequent surgical indication, but it may be neurologically compromising. The most frequent pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus, present in two-thirds of the cases. Enterococcus faecalis is part of the intestinal flora and is uncommon in this condition. Colorectal cancer is reported to be a cause of hematogenic translocation and distant infection. We present a case of an 82-year-old patient admitted for acute low back pain with increased inflammatory markers and negative blood cultures. An MRI revealed an epidural lumbar abscess with adjacent spondylitis. After surgical treatment, E. faecalis was identified, and antibiotics were adjusted accordingly. A colonoscopy revealed colon cancer. This is the first case in the literature of a spinal epidural abscess by E. faecalis as the first manifestation of a newly diagnosed colorectal cancer. When facing a spinal infection caused by atypical intestinal bacteria and no other clear sources, a colonoscopy should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eni Manoku
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helios Universitätsklinikum Wuppertal, Wuppertal, DEU
| | - Guilherme S Piedade
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helios Universitätsklinikum Wuppertal, Wuppertal, DEU
| | - Andreas L Gelhardt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, BRA
| | - Joacir G Cordeiro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA
| | - Jorge A Terzis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helios Universitätsklinikum Wuppertal, Wuppertal, DEU
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14
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Marí Hualde A, Ardila Mantilla J, Orcajo Rincón J, Rotger Regí A, Kestler M, Muñoz P, Delgado-Montero A, Cuerpo-Caballero G, Pinilla B, Alonso Farto J. Relevancia de la PET/TC con [18F]FDG en la detección de enfermedad localizada en el colon en pacientes estudiados por bacteriemia o endocarditis infecciosa causadas por microorganismos enteropatógenos. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.remn.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Hualde AM, Mantilla JA, Rincón JO, Regí AR, Kestler M, Muñoz P, Delgado-Montero A, Cuerpo-Caballero G, Pinilla B, Alonso Farto JC. Relevance of [18F]FDG-PET/CT in the detection of colon pathology, in patients studied by bacteriemia or infectious endocarditis caused by enteropathogenic microorganisms. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2022; 42:139-146. [PMID: 36309202 DOI: 10.1016/j.remnie.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Association between S. gallolyticus infective endocarditis (IE) and malignant lesions of the gastrointestinal tract is well described. We hypothesize that other enteropathogenic microorganisms, such as S. viridans and E. faecalis are also related with colorectal pathology. Our aim is to determine the frequency of focal colorectal FDG deposits, suggestive of tumoral lesions and their correlation with colorectal pathology, in patients with infection caused by different commensal microorganisms of the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS We retrospectively examined 61 patients diagnosed with bacteremia (BSI) and IE (possible or definite) according to Duke's criteria, caused by enteropathogenic microorganisms, who underwent a full-body [18F]FDG-PET/CT in our institution. We looked for colorrectal FDG deposits and morphological lesions. All IE patients underwent a complete colonoscopy and the histological results were classified into four groups: malignant lesion, premalignant lesion, benign lesion and no lesion. We evaluated the correlation between the findings of the [18F]FDG-PET/CT with the histopathological diagnosis and the involved microorganism. RESULTS PET/CT detected 20 colorectal FDG deposits (32.79%-OR: 47.28), 2 within bacteriemic patients (16.7%) confirmed as malignant and premalignant lesions and 18 in IE group (36.6%), 17 of them corresponding to colorrectal pathology: 11 malignant, 5 premalignant and 1 benign lesions. In the IE subgroup, the colonoscopy detected colorectal lesions in 51.02% of the patients: 11malignant, 8premalignant and 6benign. We found a higher incidence of colorectal FDG deposits in Streptococcus spp. subgroup. Regarding the anatomopathological colonic findings there was a predominance of patients affected by S. viridans, followed by E. faecalis and S. gallolyticus. CONCLUSION Patients studied by PET/CT for systemic infection, especially IE, caused by S. viridans or E. faecalis, in addition to S. gallolyticus, show a greater probability of presenting incidental colorectal FDG deposits, mostly corresponding to malignant or pre-malignant lesions. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out an exhaustive search of possible colorectal foci in these exams.
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16
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Brenner H, Li H, Hoffmeister M. Reply. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:783. [PMID: 35643174 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hengjing Li
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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17
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Ren C, Yang M, Yang Z. The Role of Intestinal Flora and Ethnic Differences in Colorectal Cancer Risk. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:782-783. [PMID: 35597272 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanli Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mingyu Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhanjun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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18
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Kasamatsu A, Fukushima K, Horiuchi M, Sekiya N. Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus bacteremia accompanied by acute pancreatitis. J Infect Chemother 2022; 28:1663-1666. [PMID: 35963602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus has a well-known association with colorectal cancer, an epidemiological association between S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus (SGSP) and hepatobiliary diseases has been suggested. Here we described a case of gallstone pancreatitis and SGSP bacteremia in which species-identification by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) helped to diagnose the biliary etiology. CASE REPORT A 61-year-old Japanese man without history of alcohol consumption was hospitalized for acute pancreatitis. His past medical history included endoscopically treated familial adenomatous polyposis. A blood culture grew gram-positive cocci, identified to be SGSP by MALDI-TOF MS. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed pancreatic enlargement and increased fatty tissue concentration around the perirenal and pararenal space. He was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis and subsequently recovered after appropriate antimicrobial therapy and supportive care. Subsequent magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed gallstones in the gallbladder neck, suggesting the cause of the acute pancreatitis. Seven months after admission, cholecystectomy was performed for cholelithiasis. CONCLUSION This case highlights that the identification of subspecies enabled by MALDI-TOF MS supports the diagnosis of the underlying etiology from the microbiological point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayu Kasamatsu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Fukushima
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Japan
| | - Masao Horiuchi
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Japan
| | - Noritaka Sekiya
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Japan.
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19
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Yinhang W, Wei W, Jing Z, Qing Z, Yani Z, Yangyanqiu W, Shuwen H. Biological roles of toll-like receptors and gut microbiota in colorectal cancer. Future Microbiol 2022; 17:1071-1089. [PMID: 35916158 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most considerably common malignancies of the alimentary system, with high mortality and incidence rates. The present study suggested that the occurrence of CRC is closely related to bacteria, as the large intestine is a gathering place for human micro-organisms. However, the nosogenesis of bacteria leading to tumorigenesis is still obscure. Recently, many studies have reported that toll-like receptors and their related molecular pathways are involved in the process of gut micro-organisms generating CRC. Gut micro-organisms can promote or inhibit the development of CRC via binding to special toll-like receptors. In this paper, the authors review the relationship among toll-like receptors, gut micro-organisms and CRC in order to provide a reference for future tumor immunotherapy and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Yinhang
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, 1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310053, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research & Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou,1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China
| | - Wu Wei
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, 1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research & Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou,1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China
| | - Zhuang Jing
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, 1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research & Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou,1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China
| | - Zhou Qing
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, 1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research & Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou,1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China
| | - Zhou Yani
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, 1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China.,Graduate School of Medicine Faculty, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Wang Yangyanqiu
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, 1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China.,Graduate School of Medicine Faculty, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Han Shuwen
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, 1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research & Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou,1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China
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20
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Xing C, Du Y, Duan T, Nim K, Chu J, Wang HY, Wang RF. Interaction between microbiota and immunity and its implication in colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:963819. [PMID: 35967333 PMCID: PMC9373904 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.963819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the world. Besides genetic causes, colonic inflammation is one of the major risk factors for CRC development, which is synergistically regulated by multiple components, including innate and adaptive immune cells, cytokine signaling, and microbiota. The complex interaction between CRC and the gut microbiome has emerged as an important area of current CRC research. Metagenomic profiling has identified a number of prominent CRC-associated bacteria that are enriched in CRC patients, linking the microbiota composition to colitis and cancer development. Some microbiota species have been reported to promote colitis and CRC development in preclinical models, while a few others are identified as immune modulators to induce potent protective immunity against colitis and CRC. Mechanistically, microbiota regulates the activation of different immune cell populations, inflammation, and CRC via crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune signaling pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), type I interferon, and inflammasome. In this review, we provide an overview of the potential interactions between gut microbiota and host immunity and how their crosstalk could synergistically regulate inflammation and CRC, thus highlighting the potential roles and mechanisms of gut microbiota in the development of microbiota-based therapies to prevent or alleviate colitis and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Xing
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tianhao Duan
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kelly Nim
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Junjun Chu
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Helen Y. Wang
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rong-Fu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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21
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Shaha CM, Dar MA, Pandit RS. Mining the diversity and functional profile of bacterial symbionts from the larvae of Chironomus circumdatus (bloodworms). Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:861-872. [PMID: 35729301 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-022-00984-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Chironomids are the most abundant aquatic insects in freshwater habitats that can survive in extreme conditions. In this study, as the microbiome provides extended genotype to the host to perform various functions, we explored the microbiota of the Chironomus circumdatus larvae to find out the putative role played by the symbiotic bacteria for the host. The metabarcoding analyses of the larvae revealed that the insect harbors 1771 phylotypes. Out of the various microbial communities found, the majority corresponded to the phyla Proteobacteria (52.59%) and Actinobacteria (20.56%), respectively. The midges also harbored Klebsiella (2.57%), Enterobacter (1.32%), Bacillus (2.29%), and Acinetobacter (2.13%) genera that are involved in detoxification of xenobiotics present in the water. The presence of radiation-resistant genera like Deinococcus, including bacterial species like radiodurans, a highly radiation-resistant bacterium, indicates its potential to support the host's ability to sustain in adverse environments. The functional profiling of the bacteria showed the relative abundance of many enzyme groups, such as transferases (40.62%), oxidoreductases (23.49%), and hydrolases (3.77%). The results indicate that the larvae harbor a considerable variety of bacteria that help the host adapt and survive in the polluted waters. The present study provides thorough insights into the microbiome of the C. circumdatus larvae that can be exploited for the bioremediation of certain pollutants through biomimetic strategies. It also gives us a wake-up call to take a good look at the guts of these disease-carrying insects' inabilities to spread deadly human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitali M Shaha
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Mudasir A Dar
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Radhakrishna S Pandit
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India.
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22
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Bea C, Vela S, García-Blas S, Perez-Rivera JA, Díez-Villanueva P, de Gracia AI, Fuertes E, Oltra MR, Ferrer A, Belmonte A, Santas E, Pellicer M, Colomina J, Doménech A, Bodi V, Forner MJ, Chorro FJ, Bonanad C. Infective Endocarditis in the Elderly: Challenges and Strategies. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9060192. [PMID: 35735821 PMCID: PMC9224959 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9060192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The specific management of infective endocarditis (IE) in elderly patients is not specifically addressed in recent guidelines despite its increasing incidence and high mortality in this population. The term "elderly" corresponds to different ages in the literature, but it is defined by considerable comorbidity and heterogeneity. Cancer incidence, specifically colorectal cancer, is increased in older patients with IE and impacts its outcome. Diagnosis of IE in elderly patients is challenging due to the atypical presentation of the disease and the lower performance of imaging studies. Enterococcal etiology is more frequent than in younger patients. Antibiotic treatment should prioritize diminishing adverse effects and drug interactions while maintaining the best efficacy, as surgical treatment is less commonly performed in this population due to the high surgical risk. The global assessment of elderly patients with IE, with particular attention to frailty and geriatric profiles, should be performed by multidisciplinary teams to improve disease management in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Bea
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.B.); (S.V.); (A.I.d.G.); (E.F.); (M.R.O.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Sara Vela
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.B.); (S.V.); (A.I.d.G.); (E.F.); (M.R.O.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Sergio García-Blas
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-B.); (E.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (F.J.C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Isabel de Gracia
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.B.); (S.V.); (A.I.d.G.); (E.F.); (M.R.O.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Eladio Fuertes
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.B.); (S.V.); (A.I.d.G.); (E.F.); (M.R.O.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Maria Rosa Oltra
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.B.); (S.V.); (A.I.d.G.); (E.F.); (M.R.O.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Ana Ferrer
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.B.); (S.V.); (A.I.d.G.); (E.F.); (M.R.O.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Andreu Belmonte
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.B.); (S.V.); (A.I.d.G.); (E.F.); (M.R.O.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Enrique Santas
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-B.); (E.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (F.J.C.)
| | - Mauricio Pellicer
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-B.); (E.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (F.J.C.)
| | - Javier Colomina
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Alberto Doménech
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Vicente Bodi
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-B.); (E.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (F.J.C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Cardiovascular, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria José Forner
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.B.); (S.V.); (A.I.d.G.); (E.F.); (M.R.O.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (M.J.F.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Chorro
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-B.); (E.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (F.J.C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Cardiovascular, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Bonanad
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-B.); (E.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (F.J.C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Corredoira J, Ayuso B. Bacteremia and colon cancer: Causality or coincidence? Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Corredoira J, Ayuso B. Bacteremia and colon cancer: Causality or coincidence? ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2022; 40:221-223. [PMID: 35577440 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Corredoira
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Blanca Ayuso
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
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25
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Sepich-Poore GD, Guccione C, Laplane L, Pradeu T, Curtius K, Knight R. Cancer's second genome: Microbial cancer diagnostics and redefining clonal evolution as a multispecies process: Humans and their tumors are not aseptic, and the multispecies nature of cancer modulates clinical care and clonal evolution: Humans and their tumors are not aseptic, and the multispecies nature of cancer modulates clinical care and clonal evolution. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2100252. [PMID: 35253252 PMCID: PMC10506734 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The presence and role of microbes in human cancers has come full circle in the last century. Tumors are no longer considered aseptic, but implications for cancer biology and oncology remain underappreciated. Opportunities to identify and build translational diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics that exploit cancer's second genome-the metagenome-are manifold, but require careful consideration of microbial experimental idiosyncrasies that are distinct from host-centric methods. Furthermore, the discoveries of intracellular and intra-metastatic cancer bacteria necessitate fundamental changes in describing clonal evolution and selection, reflecting bidirectional interactions with non-human residents. Reconsidering cancer clonality as a multispecies process similarly holds key implications for understanding metastasis and prognosing therapeutic resistance while providing rational guidance for the next generation of bacterial cancer therapies. Guided by these new findings and challenges, this Review describes opportunities to exploit cancer's metagenome in oncology and proposes an evolutionary framework as a first step towards modeling multispecies cancer clonality. Also see the video abstract here: https://youtu.be/-WDtIRJYZSs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caitlin Guccione
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Lucie Laplane
- Institut d’histoire et de philosophie des sciences et des techniques (UMR8590), CNRS & Panthéon-Sorbonne University, 75006 Paris, France
- Hematopoietic stem cells and the development of myeloid malignancies (UMR1287), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Thomas Pradeu
- ImmunoConcept (UMR5164), CNRS & University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Kit Curtius
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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26
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Pugalenthi LS, Ahmad M, Reddy S, Barkhane Z, Elmadi J, Satish Kumar L. Malignancy and Endocarditis: Divulging Into the Intertwined Association. Cureus 2022; 14:e24089. [PMID: 35573527 PMCID: PMC9098766 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is an immunosuppressive disorder with characteristic features of unchecked cell growth, invasion, and sometimes thromboembolism leading to multiple systemic sequelae, including infective endocarditis. This article has compiled some of the crucial mechanisms by which infective endocarditis occurs in cancer patients, its risk factors, and the existing treatment interventions. It has focused on the necessity of being aware that these multiple pathogeneses are involved in the development of infective endocarditis (IE) in cancer patients, which would help delineate the risk factors associated with the condition and help physicians screen better for specific red flags. Identifying these risk factors and patient-oriented therapy, targeting the necessary elements such as causative organism, patient immune status, type of cancer, choosing evidence-based treatment modalities, and to improve the outcome of the disease in an already exasperating condition called cancer.
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27
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Justesen US, Nielsen SL, Jensen TG, Dessau RB, Møller JK, Coia JE, Andersen SL, Pedersen C, Gradel KO. Bacteremia with Anaerobic Bacteria and Association with Colorectal Cancer: A Population-based Cohort Study. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:1747-1753. [PMID: 35380653 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a well-described association between bacteremia with bovis group streptococci or Clostridium septicum and an increased risk of a colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. We wanted to investigate the possible existence of a similar association between CRC and bacteremia with other bacteria belonging to the gut microbiota. METHODS A population based cohort study in a population about 2 million people including 45,774 bacteremia episodes and 231,387 blood culture negative cases was performed in the Region of Southern Denmark and Region Zealand (Denmark) from 2007-2016. Episodes of bacteremia were combined with the Danish central register for CRC. We performed Cox's regression analysis with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The study results confirmed previous findings of an increased risk of a CRC diagnosis after bacteremia with the bovis group streptococci (risk within a year: 4.3%; HR [95% CI]: 8.46 [3.51-20.4]) or C. septicum (20.8%; 76.2 [42.0-138]). Furthermore, Bacteroides ovatus (6.7%; 20.3 [5.04-81.8]), Bacteroides uniformis (5.4%; 16.2 [4.02-65.7]), Clostridium tertium (3.6 %; 13.9 [1.96-99.4]), Fusobacterium spp. (excluding F. necrophorum) (3.0 %; 8.51 [2.73-26.5]), and Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (3.6 %; 10.9 [4.50-26.3]) were also associated with an increased risk of a CRC diagnosis compared to patients with negative blood cultures (0.4%). CONCLUSIONS Bacteremia with several specific gut microbiota anaerobic bacteria is associated with a high risk of a diagnosis of CRC, indicating the need for colorectal workup in such cases. Importantly, this strategy also holds the possible additional benefit of detecting adenomas or other premalignant conditions, which were not included in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik S Justesen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløwsvej 21, 5000 Odense, Denmark.,Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stig L Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense, Denmark.,Research Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thøger G Jensen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløwsvej 21, 5000 Odense, Denmark.,Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ram B Dessau
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Slagelse Hospital, Ingemannsvej 46, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark.,Department of Regional Health Research IRS, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Jens K Møller
- Department of Regional Health Research IRS, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Beriderbakken 4, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
| | - John E Coia
- Department of Regional Health Research IRS, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital South West Jutland, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Finsensgade 35, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Steen L Andersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kresten Philipsens Vej 15, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark
| | - Court Pedersen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense, Denmark.,Research Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kim O Gradel
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 30, 5000 Odense, Denmark.,Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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28
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Périchon B, Lichtl-Häfele J, Bergsten E, Delage V, Trieu-Cuot P, Sansonetti P, Sobhani I, Dramsi S. Detection of Streptococcus gallolyticus and Four Other CRC-Associated Bacteria in Patient Stools Reveals a Potential "Driver" Role for Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:794391. [PMID: 35360109 PMCID: PMC8963412 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.794391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (SGG) is an opportunistic pathogen causing invasive infections in the elderly often associated with colon neoplasia. The prevalence of SGG in the stools of patients with normal colonoscopy (control) was compared with patients with colorectal adenomas (CRA) or with carcinomas (CRC) from stages I to IV. The presence of the pks island encoding colibactin as well as other CRC-associated bacteria such as toxicogenic Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Parvimonas micra was also investigated. Patients and Methods Fecal samples collected in France between 2011 and 2016 from patients with normal colonoscopy (n = 25), adenoma (n = 23), or colorectal cancer at different stages (n = 81) were tested by PCR for the presence of SGG, B. fragilis, F. nucleatum, P. micra, and the pks island. Relative quantification of SGG, F. nucleatum, and P. micra in stools was performed by qPCR. Results SGG prevalence was significantly increased in the CRC group. Our results also revealed i) a strong and significant increase of toxinogenic B. fragilis in patients with early-stage adenoma and of pks island at late-stage CRC and ii) increased levels of F. nucleatum and P. micra in the stools of CRC patients. Furthermore, the simultaneous detection of these five bacterial markers was only found in CRC patients. Conclusions Our results indicate that the prevalence or relative levels of CRC-associated bacteria vary during CRC development. Among them, B. fragilis (bft+) was singled out as the sole pathobiont detected at the early adenoma stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Périchon
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Bactéries Pathogènes à Gram-Positif, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR6047, Paris, France
| | - Julian Lichtl-Häfele
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Bactéries Pathogènes à Gram-Positif, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR6047, Paris, France
| | - Emma Bergsten
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | - Vincent Delage
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Bactéries Pathogènes à Gram-Positif, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR6047, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Trieu-Cuot
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Bactéries Pathogènes à Gram-Positif, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR6047, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Sansonetti
- Molecular Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur; Chaire de Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Collège de France, Paris, France
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shangaï, China
| | - Iradj Sobhani
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | - Shaynoor Dramsi
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Bactéries Pathogènes à Gram-Positif, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR6047, Paris, France
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Liao W, Khan I, Huang G, Chen S, Liu L, Leong WK, Li XA, Wu J, Wendy Hsiao WL. Bifidobacterium animalis: the missing link for the cancer-preventive effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1847629. [PMID: 33228450 PMCID: PMC8381792 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1847629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks the third most common cancer type in both men and women. Besides the known genetic and epigenetic changes in the gut epithelial cells, we now know that disturbed gut microbes could also contribute to the onset and progression of CRC. Hence, keeping a balanced gut microbiota (GM) has become a novel pursue in the medical field, particularly in the area of gastrointestinal disorders. Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Gp) is a dietary herbal medicine. In our previous study, Gp saponins (GpS) displayed prebiotic and cancer-preventive properties through the modulation of GM in ApcMin/+ mice. However, the specific group(s) of GM links to the health effects of GpS remains unknown. To track down the missing link, we first investigated and found that inoculation with fecal materials from GpS-treated ApcMin/+ mice effectively reduces polyps in ApcMin/+ mice. From the same source of the fecal sample, we successfully isolated 16 bacterial species. Out of the 16 bacteria, Bifidobacterium animalis stands out as the responder to the GpS-growth stimulus. Biochemical and RNAseq analysis demonstrated that GpS enhanced expressions of a wide range of genes encoding biogenesis and metabolic pathways in B. animalis culture. Moreover, we found that colonization of B. animalis markedly reduces the polyp burden in ApcMin/+ mice. These findings reveal a mutualistic interaction between the prebiotic and a probiotic to achieve anticancer and cancer-preventive activities. Our result, for the first time, unveils the anticancer function of B. animalis and extend the probiotic horizon of B. animalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Imran Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Guoxin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Shengshuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Wai Kit Leong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Xiao Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Jianlin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - W. L. Wendy Hsiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR,CONTACT W. L. Wendy Hsiao State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR
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30
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Adams E, Sepich-Poore GD, Miller-Montgomery S, Knight R. Using All Our Genomes: Blood-based Liquid Biopsies for the Early Detection of Cancer. VIEW 2022; 3:20200118. [PMID: 35872970 PMCID: PMC9307139 DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The pursuit of highly sensitive and specific cancer diagnostics based on cell-free (cf) nucleic acids isolated from minimally invasive liquid biopsies has been an area of intense research and commercial effort for at least two decades. Most of these tests detect cancer-specific mutations or epigenetic modifications on circulating DNA derived from tumor cells (ctDNA). Although recent FDA approvals of both single and multi-analyte liquid biopsy companion diagnostic assays are proof of the tremendous progress made in this domain, using ctDNA for the diagnosis of early-stage (stage I/II) cancers remains challenging due to several factors, such as low mutational allele frequency in circulation, overlapping profiles in genomic alterations among diverse cancers, and clonal hematopoiesis. This review discusses these analytical challenges, interim solutions, and the opportunity to complement ctDNA diagnostics with microbiome-aware analyses that may mitigate several existing ctDNA assay limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory D Sepich-Poore
- Micronoma, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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31
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Bacteria-Cancer Interface: Awaiting the Perfect Storm. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10101321. [PMID: 34684270 PMCID: PMC8540461 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence reveal a very close association of malignancies with chronic inflammation as a result of persistent bacterial infection. Recently, more studies have provided experimental evidence for an etiological role of bacterial factors disposing infected tissue towards carcinoma. When healthy cells accumulate genomic insults resulting in DNA damage, they may sustain proliferative signalling, resist apoptotic signals, evade growth suppressors, enable replicative immortality, and induce angiogenesis, thus boosting active invasion and metastasis. Moreover, these cells must be able to deregulate cellular energetics and have the ability to evade immune destruction. How bacterial infection leads to mutations and enriches a tumour-promoting inflammatory response or micro-environment is still not clear. In this review we showcase well-studied bacteria and their virulence factors that are tightly associated with carcinoma and the various mechanisms and pathways that could have carcinogenic properties.
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32
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Thind SK, Shibib DR, Gentry CA. The Effect of Nomenclature Revision of Streptococcus bovis to Streptococcus gallolyticus on Subsequent Colon Cancer Screening. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab426. [PMID: 34568510 PMCID: PMC8458264 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lack of awareness of the taxonomic revision from the familiar Streptococcus bovis to the less familiar Streptococcus gallolyticus may be associated with a decrease in recommended colon cancer screening in patients with bacteremia from this organism. This could subsequently lead to a delay in diagnosis or underdiagnosis of colon cancer and other serious underlying gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this study was to determine whether the nomenclature change of S. bovis to S. gallolyticus resulted in decreased colon cancer screening. Methods This study was a retrospective, observational, nationwide analysis of patients who had positive blood cultures for S. bovis/S. gallolyticus from any Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2017. Results There was no difference in the primary end point of intent for colonoscopy between the S. gallolyticus and S. bovis groups (66.5% [117/176] vs 62.1% [624/1005], respectively; P = .26). The overall mortality rate was 33.8% among 1181 patients included in the study, with a significantly lower mortality in patients with evidence of intent for colonoscopy (29.6% vs 42.5%; P ≤ .001), gastroenterology (GI) consultation (29.8% vs 41.4%; P < .001), infectious diseases (ID) consultation (29.4% vs 39.0%; P = .001), or either consultation (31.9% vs 40.7%; P = .013), compared to those that did not. Conclusions There was no difference in colon cancer screening rates between patients with episodes of bacteremia reported as S. bovis and those reported as S. gallolyticus. Overall mortality was lower in patients who had ID consultation, GI consultation, or evidence of colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharanjeet K Thind
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Medical Service, Oklahoma City VA Health Care System, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Dena R Shibib
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.,Department of Pathology, Oklahoma City VA Health Care System, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Chris A Gentry
- Pharmacy Service, Oklahoma City VA Health Care System, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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33
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Mughal MJ, Kwok HF. Multidimensional role of bacteria in cancer: Mechanisms insight, diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic potential. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 86:1026-1044. [PMID: 34119644 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The active role of bacteria in oncogenesis has long been a topic of debate. Although, it was speculated to be a transmissible cause of cancer as early as the 16th-century, yet the idea about the direct involvement of bacteria in cancer development has only been explored in recent decades. More recently, several studies have uncovered the mechanisms behind the carcinogenic potential of bacteria which are inflammation, immune evasion, pro-carcinogenic metabolite production, DNA damage and genomic instability. On the other side, the recent development on the understanding of tumor microenvironment and technological advancements has turned this enemy into an ally. Studies using bacteria for cancer treatment and detection have shown noticeable effects. Therapeutic abilities of bioengineered live bacteria such as high specificity, selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells, responsiveness to external signals and control after ingestion have helped to overcome the challenges faced by conventional cancer therapies and highlighted the bacterial based therapy as an ideal approach for cancer treatment. In this review, we have made an effort to compile substantial evidence to support the multidimensional role of bacteria in cancer. We have discussed the multifaceted role of bacteria in cancer by highlighting the wide impact of bacteria on different cancer types, their mechanisms of actions in inducing carcinogenicity, followed by the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of bacteria in cancers. Moreover, we have also highlighted the existing gaps in the knowledge of the association between bacteria and cancer as well as the limitation and advantage of bacteria-based therapies in cancer. A better understanding of these multidimensional roles of bacteria in cancer can open up the new doorways to develop early detection strategies, prevent cancer, and develop therapeutic tactics to cure this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jameel Mughal
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau; MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau.
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34
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Iwai N, Ohara T, Tsuji T, Taniguchi M, Sakai H, Oka K, Hara T, Okuda T, Komaki T, Sakagami J, Kagawa K, Itoh Y. Unusual abscess formation in colon cancer with mucinous components. JGH Open 2021; 5:520-521. [PMID: 33860104 PMCID: PMC8035431 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Iwai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fukuchiyama City Hospital Kyoto Japan
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Tomoya Ohara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fukuchiyama City Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fukuchiyama City Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Masashi Taniguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fukuchiyama City Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fukuchiyama City Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Kohei Oka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fukuchiyama City Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Tasuku Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fukuchiyama City Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Takashi Okuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fukuchiyama City Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Komaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fukuchiyama City Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Junichi Sakagami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fukuchiyama City Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Keizo Kagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fukuchiyama City Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan
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35
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Abstract
Microbial roles in cancer formation, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment have been disputed for centuries. Recent studies have provocatively claimed that bacteria, viruses, and/or fungi are pervasive among cancers, key actors in cancer immunotherapy, and engineerable to treat metastases. Despite these findings, the number of microbes known to directly cause carcinogenesis remains small. Critically evaluating and building frameworks for such evidence in light of modern cancer biology is an important task. In this Review, we delineate between causal and complicit roles of microbes in cancer and trace common themes of their influence through the host's immune system, herein defined as the immuno-oncology-microbiome axis. We further review evidence for intratumoral microbes and approaches that manipulate the host's gut or tumor microbiome while projecting the next phase of experimental discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1015, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France
| | - Ravid Straussman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jeff Hasty
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- BioCircuits Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Section, Division of Biological Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Fan Q, Shang F, Chen C, Zhou H, Fan J, Yang M, Nie X, Liu L, Cai K, Liu H. Microbial Characteristics of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy According to Pathologic Response. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:2655-2667. [PMID: 33776484 PMCID: PMC7989702 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s294936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intestinal microbiota play a critical role in the development of colorectal cancer. However, little is known about the structure and characteristics of gut microbial in colorectal cancer, especially in locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Methods Here, we performed this study to evaluate microbial characteristics between pathologic complete response (pCR) (n=12) and non-pathological complete response (Non-pCR) (n=45) tumor tissues from patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to detect the microbial diversity including Alpha diversity and Beta diversity. Moreover, we used PICRUSt from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database to predict the microbial metabolism functions. Results There was significant statistical difference in PFS between pCR and Non-pCR group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in OS between pCR and Non-pCR group. The microbial compositions in the both groups were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Thermi and Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. The five most predominant genera in both pCR and Non-pCR tissue groups were Sphingobium, Acinetobacter, Cupriavidus, Thermi and Sphingomonas at the genus level. The key taxa identified in the pCR and Non-pCR tissues were Thermi and Sphingomonadaceae respectively. In addition, a series of human disease-related genes were also significantly different between pCR and Non-pCR group. Conclusion In summary, we demonstrated the characteristic differences in microbial communities between pCR tissues and Non-pCR tumor tissues from locally advanced rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Our results present new alterations in the microbiome in locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy, suggesting that it will provide a new perspective for the precise treatment of neoadjuvant rectal cancer by targeting specific microbial species in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Fan
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Fumei Shang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Zhou
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu Nie
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kailin Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
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Taylor JC, Gao X, Xu J, Holder M, Petrosino J, Kumar R, Liu W, Höök M, Mackenzie C, Hillhouse A, Brashear W, Nunez MP, Xu Y. A type VII secretion system of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus contributes to gut colonization and the development of colon tumors. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009182. [PMID: 33406160 PMCID: PMC7815207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (Sgg) has a strong clinical association with colorectal cancer (CRC) and actively promotes the development of colon tumors. However, the molecular determinants involved in Sgg pathogenicity in the gut are unknown. Bacterial type VII secretion systems (T7SS) mediate pathogen interactions with their host and are important for virulence in pathogenic mycobacteria and Staphylococcus aureus. Through genome analysis, we identified a locus in Sgg strain TX20005 that encodes a putative type VII secretion system (designated as SggT7SST05). We showed that core genes within the SggT7SST05 locus are expressed in vitro and in the colon of mice. Western blot analysis showed that SggEsxA, a protein predicted to be a T7SS secretion substrate, is detected in the bacterial culture supernatant, indicating that this SggT7SST05 is functional. Deletion of SggT7SST05 (TX20005Δesx) resulted in impaired bacterial adherence to HT29 cells and abolished the ability of Sgg to stimulate HT29 cell proliferation. Analysis of bacterial culture supernatants suggest that SggT7SST05-secreted factors are responsible for the pro-proliferative activity of Sgg, whereas Sgg adherence to host cells requires both SggT7SST05-secreted and bacterial surface-associated factors. In a murine gut colonization model, TX20005Δesx showed significantly reduced colonization compared to the parent strain. Furthermore, in a mouse model of CRC, mice exposed to TX20005 had a significantly higher tumor burden compared to saline-treated mice, whereas those exposed to TX20005Δesx did not. Examination of the Sgg load in the colon in the CRC model suggests that SggT7SST05-mediated activities are directly involved in the promotion of colon tumors. Taken together, these results reveal SggT7SST05 as a previously unrecognized pathogenicity determinant for Sgg colonization of the colon and promotion of colon tumors. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. The development of CRC can be strongly influenced by specific gut microbes. Understanding how gut microbes modulate CRC is critical to developing novel strategies to improve clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease. S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus (Sgg) has a strong clinical association with CRC and actively promotes the development of colon tumors. However, the specific Sgg molecules that mediate its pro-tumor activity are unknown. Here we report the first characterization of a type VII secretion system (T7SS) in Sgg, designated as SggT7SST05. We further demonstrate that SggT7SST05-mediated activities are important for Sgg to colonize the colon and to promote the development of colon tumors. These findings reveal SggT7SST05 as a novel pathogenicity determinant of Sgg and provide a critical breakthrough in our efforts to understand how Sgg influences the development of CRC. Future investigations of the biological activities of specific effectors of SggT7SST05 will likely lead to the discovery of Sgg molecules that can be used as diagnostic markers and intervention targets aimed at mitigating the harmful effect of Sgg.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Culver Taylor
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences of Technology, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xinsheng Gao
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences of Technology, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Juan Xu
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences of Technology, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael Holder
- Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joseph Petrosino
- Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences of Technology, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Wen Liu
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences of Technology, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Magnus Höök
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences of Technology, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Chris Mackenzie
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, UT Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrew Hillhouse
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M, Texas, United States of America
| | - Wesley Brashear
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M, Texas, United States of America
| | - Maria Patricia Nunez
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences of Technology, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yi Xu
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences of Technology, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, UT Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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38
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Ursi MP, Bertolino L, Andini R, D'Amico F, Iossa D, Karruli A, D'Avenia E, Manduca S, Bernardo M, Zampino R, Durante-Mangoni E. Enterococcal infective endocarditis is a marker of current occult or future incident colorectal neoplasia. Eur J Intern Med 2021; 83:68-73. [PMID: 33046347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies suggest an association between Enterococcal infective endocarditis (EIE) and colorectal disease, including colorectal neoplasia (CRN) and colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we analyze differences in prevalence, risk factors and outcome of CRN and CRC between EIE and Streptococcus gallolyticus infective endocarditis (SGIE). METHODS Single center, observational study of 166 patients with definite EIE or SGIE. Clinical data were collected prospectively in a standardized IE protocol. Colonoscopy data were collected retrospectively on 90 patients. RESULTS 85 patients had EIE, 81 SGIE. EIE patients had a higher rate of prior cancer (20% vs 6%) and health-care associated infection (12% vs 1%), but similar mortality than SGIE. Colonoscopy performed in 90 patients showed intestinal diseases in 30 of 42 (71%) EIE patients vs. 40 of 48 (83%) SGIE patients (p = 0.174), with a predominance of CRN. Among 78 patients who underwent colonoscopy after IE diagnosis, no difference between EIE and SGIE was observed in the rate of non-neoplastic lesions (48% vs 47%), benign (32% vs 40%) or malignant (13% vs 15%) neoplastic lesions. Adverse events during colonoscopy were uncommon, although a careful handling of anticoagulation was required. CONCLUSIONS EIE seems to be associated with colorectal disease, including colorectal neoplasia and colorectal cancer, to the same extent as SGIE. EIE should be considered a marker of colorectal neoplasia, even in patients with a clear health-care related acquisition. Colonoscopy is generally safe in EIE patients, and should be considered to early diagnose and treat colorectal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paola Ursi
- Internal Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bertolino
- Internal Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Andini
- Units of Infectious and Transplant Medicine, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabiana D'Amico
- Internal Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Domenico Iossa
- Internal Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Arta Karruli
- Internal Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Eugenio D'Avenia
- Digestive Endoscopy, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Sabrina Manduca
- Surgical Echocardiography, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariano Bernardo
- Microbiology, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosa Zampino
- Internal Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy; Units of Infectious and Transplant Medicine, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Emanuele Durante-Mangoni
- Internal Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy; Units of Infectious and Transplant Medicine, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
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39
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DeDecker L, Coppedge B, Avelar-Barragan J, Karnes W, Whiteson K. Microbiome distinctions between the CRC carcinogenic pathways. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1854641. [PMID: 33446008 PMCID: PMC8288036 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1854641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer, the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and has been on the rise among young adults in the United States. Research has established that the colonic microbiome is different in patients with CRC compared to healthy controls, but few studies have investigated if and how the microbiome may relate to CRC progression through the serrated pathway versus the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.Our view is that progress in CRC microbiome research requires consideration of how the microbiome may contribute to CRC carcinogenesis through the distinct pathways that lead to CRC, which could enable the creation of novel and tailored prevention, screening, and therapeutic interventions. We first highlight the limitations in existing CRC microbiome research and offer corresponding solutions for investigating the microbiome's role in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and serrated pathway. We then summarize the findings in the select human studies that included data points related to the two major carcinogenic pathways. These studies investigate the microbiome in CRC carcinogenesis and 1) utilize mucosal samples and 2) compare polyps or tumors by histopathologic type, molecular/genetic type, or location in the colon.Key findings from these studies include: 1) Fusobacterium is associated with right-sided, more advanced, and serrated lesions; 2) the colons of people with CRC have bacteria typically associated with normal oral flora; and 3) colons from people with CRC have more biofilms, and these biofilms are predominantly located in the proximal colon (single study).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren DeDecker
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Bretton Coppedge
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | | | - William Karnes
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Katrine Whiteson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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40
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Anaf V, Noël JC, Thys JP, Simon P, Buxant F. A First Case of Streptococcus Bovis Bacteremia and Peritonitis from Endometrial Cancer Origin. Acta Chir Belg 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2001.12098581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Anaf
- From the Departments of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Hopital Erasme, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J. C. Noël
- From the Departments of Pathology, Hopital Erasme, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J. P. Thys
- From the Departments of Infectious Disease, Hopital Erasme, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P. Simon
- From the Departments of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Hopital Erasme, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F. Buxant
- From the Departments of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Hopital Erasme, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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41
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Liu Y, Lee C, Li F, Trček J, Bähre H, Guo RT, Chen CC, Chernobrovkin A, Zubarev R, Römling U. A Cyclic di-GMP Network Is Present in Gram-Positive Streptococcus and Gram-Negative Proteus Species. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:2672-2687. [PMID: 32786278 PMCID: PMC7551669 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) network is highly redundant with numerous GGDEF domain proteins as diguanylate cyclases and EAL domain proteins as c-di-GMP specific phosphodiesterases comprising those domains as two of the most abundant bacterial domain superfamilies. One hallmark of the c-di-GMP network is its exalted plasticity as c-di-GMP turnover proteins can rapidly vanish from species within a genus and possess an above average transmissibility. To address the evolutionary forces of c-di-GMP turnover protein maintenance, conservation, and diversity, we investigated a Gram-positive and a Gram-negative species, which preserved only one single clearly identifiable GGDEF domain protein. Species of the family Morganellaceae of the order Enterobacterales exceptionally show disappearance of the c-di-GMP signaling network, but Proteus spp. still retained one diguanylate cyclase. As another example, in species of the bovis, pyogenes, and salivarius subgroups as well as Streptococcus suis and Streptococcus henryi of the genus Streptococcus, one candidate diguanylate cyclase was frequently identified. We demonstrate that both proteins encompass PAS (Per-ARNT-Sim)-GGDEF domains, possess diguanylate cyclase catalytic activity, and are suggested to signal via a PilZ receptor domain at the C-terminus of type 2 glycosyltransferase constituting BcsA cellulose synthases and a cellulose synthase-like protein CelA, respectively. Preservation of the ancient link between production of cellulose(-like) exopolysaccharides and c-di-GMP signaling indicates that this functionality is even of high ecological importance upon maintenance of the last remnants of a c-di-GMP signaling network in some of today's free-living bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department
of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology and Department of Medical Biochemistry
and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Changhan Lee
- Department
of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology and Department of Medical Biochemistry
and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fengyang Li
- Department
of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology and Department of Medical Biochemistry
and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Janja Trček
- Faculty
of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Biology, University
of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Heike Bähre
- Research
Core Unit Metabolomics, Hannover Medical
School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative
Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei
Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative
Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei
Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P.R. China
| | - Alexey Chernobrovkin
- Department
of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology and Department of Medical Biochemistry
and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roman Zubarev
- Department
of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology and Department of Medical Biochemistry
and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Pharmacological & Technological Chemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119146, Russia
| | - Ute Römling
- Department
of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology and Department of Medical Biochemistry
and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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42
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Escolà-Vergé L, Peghin M, Givone F, Pérez-Rodríguez MT, Suárez-Varela M, Meije Y, Abelenda G, Almirante B, Fernández-Hidalgo N. Prevalencia de enfermedad colorrectal en la endocarditis infecciosa por Enterococcus faecalis: resultados de un estudio multicéntrico observacional. Rev Esp Cardiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Stakelum A, Zaborowski A, Collins D, Winter DC. The influence of the gastrointestinal microbiome on colorectal metastasis: a narrative review. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1101-1107. [PMID: 31869511 DOI: 10.1111/codi.14930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The gastrointestinal microbiome has been suggested to contribute to the development of both primary and secondary colorectal cancer. Despite advances in understanding the prognostic and predictive value of clinico-pathological parameters, the underlying mechanisms that result in progression to metastatic disease have yet to be defined. The metastatic cascade involves a number of sequential steps, including detachment of tumour cells from the primary site, intravasation and dissemination within the circulatory and lymphatic systems, with extravasation and proliferation at a secondary site. OBJECTIVE An analysis of the literature relating to the gastrointestinal microbiome and its role in colorectal metastasis was conducted. This review aims to examine the current evidence supporting a role for the microbiome in colorectal metastasis and to describe the mechanisms by which it may contribute to metastatic progression. CONCLUSION The invasive pathways utilized by bacteria and how they may be manipulated by tumour cells for migration and metastasis are presented and the potential of the intestinal microbiome as a therapeutic target in colorectal carcinogenesis and metastasis is detailed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stakelum
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - A Zaborowski
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - D Collins
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - D C Winter
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Elsalem L, Jum'ah AA, Alfaqih MA, Aloudat O. The Bacterial Microbiota of Gastrointestinal Cancers: Role in Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Perspectives. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2020; 13:151-185. [PMID: 32440192 PMCID: PMC7211962 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s243337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota has an essential role in the pathogenesis of many gastrointestinal diseases including cancer. This effect is mediated through different mechanisms such as damaging DNA, activation of oncogenic pathways, production of carcinogenic metabolites, stimulation of chronic inflammation, and inhibition of antitumor immunity. Recently, the concept of "pharmacomicrobiomics" has emerged as a new field concerned with exploring the interplay between drugs and microbes. Mounting evidence indicates that the microbiota and their metabolites have a major impact on the pharmacodynamics and therapeutic responses toward anticancer drugs including conventional chemotherapy and molecular-targeted therapeutics. In addition, microbiota appears as an attractive target for cancer prevention and treatment. In this review, we discuss the role of bacterial microbiota in the pathogenesis of different cancer types affecting the gastrointestinal tract system. We also scrutinize the evidence regarding the role of microbiota in anticancer drug responses. Further, we discuss the use of probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and antibiotics, either alone or in combination with anticancer drugs for prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal tract cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmad A Jum'ah
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud A Alfaqih
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Osama Aloudat
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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45
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Species-Specific Identification of Streptococcus based on DNA Marker in 16S-23S rDNA Internal Transcribed Spacer. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:1569-1579. [PMID: 32253469 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-01975-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus is closely correspondent to human. The accurate species-specific identification method of Streptococcus is important for the bacteria clinical diagnosis, molecular epidemiological analysis, and microecological study. In the last decades, DNA markers are widely utilized for identification of prokaryotic species. However, 16S rDNA, the most popular bacterial DNA marker, cannot properly distinguish closely related Streptococcus species. In present study, we employed 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence to explore the species-specific DNA marker. We predicted the secondary structure of Streptococcus ITS sequence transcribed products. Then we identified that the specific and consensus sequences in the primary structure can be found occupying an individual subunit in the secondary structure, which explained the foundation of the mosaic-like structure of ITS. We evaluated the specificity of ITS in Streptococcus, and found that the specificity can be detected by a further analysis of a BLAST result. Then, we developed an identification procedure based on the ITS sequence. We verified the procedure by 500 ITS sequence. The accuracy rate of this procedure was 100% for Streptococcus at genus level, and 99.3% at species level. It suggested that ITS can be utilized to accurately identify Streptococcus at the species level. This work suggests that further exploration of ITS could be applied in other bacterial genera for identification and classification, which may be a useful topic for future microbiology studies.
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Oehmcke-Hecht S, Mandl V, Naatz LT, Dühring L, Köhler J, Kreikemeyer B, Maletzki C. Streptococcus gallolyticus abrogates anti-carcinogenic properties of tannic acid on low-passage colorectal carcinomas. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4714. [PMID: 32170212 PMCID: PMC7070001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61458-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tannase-producing Gram-positive bacterial species Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus (Sgg) is an opportunistic pathogen of the human gut and strongly associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). A unique feature of Sgg is its ability to degrade tannic acids (TA). TA constitute an important part of the human diet with known anti-tumorigenic properties. Here, we examined whether Sgg is able to protect tumor cells from the toxic effect of TA and thus drive tumorigenesis indirectly. Human CRC cell lines (n = 8) were treated with increasing concentrations of TA. We confirmed the cytotoxic activity of TA in a dose-dependent manner. In virtually all cell lines, viability decreased significantly (>60% inhibition). Moreover, pyrogallol, the degradation product of TA, had no effect on the tested cell lines. This suggests a specific effect of TA. Cytotoxicity was due to necrosis and induction of senescence in residual cells. Finally, when TA was degraded by Sgg, the cytotoxic effect could be abolished. Tumor cells even responded with boosted cell proliferation, highlighting the impact of Sgg on CRC progression. We here provide another piece of evidence for the active interplay between Sgg and cancer preventive components. These data will help to move forward in designing concepts for therapeutic and eventually also prophylactic approaches to combat gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Oehmcke-Hecht
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Vanessa Mandl
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lukas Tim Naatz
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lara Dühring
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Juliane Köhler
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Bernd Kreikemeyer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Claudia Maletzki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
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Thompson JC, Goldman AH, Tande AJ, Osmon DR, Sierra RJ. Streptococcus bovis Hip and Knee Periprosthetic Joint Infections: A Series of 9 Cases. J Bone Jt Infect 2020; 5:1-6. [PMID: 32117683 PMCID: PMC7045526 DOI: 10.7150/jbji.36923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) due to Streptococcus bovis group (SBG), specifically S. bovis biotype I (S. gallolyticus), is rare and associated with colorectal carcinoma. Little has been published regarding SBG PJI. We analyzed nine cases of SBG PJI at our institution, the largest series to date. Methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed with SBG PJI between 2000-2017 were reviewed. Patients were followed until death, failure, or loss to follow-up. Mean follow-up was 37 months (range 0.5-74 months). Results: Nine PJI in 8 patients with mean prosthesis age at diagnosis of 8 years (range 4 weeks-17 years) were identified. The median duration between symptom onset and treatment was 38 weeks (range 0.3 weeks-175 weeks). 8/9 had their PJI eradicated with treatment based on acuity of symptoms. Acute PJI (2) was treated with DAIR, and chronic PJI (7) was treated with 2-stage revision arthroplasty. 1 PJI with chronic PJI developed recurrent infection after initial treatment. All patients received post-operative IV antibiotics. 7/8 patients received Ceftriaxone. Three patients received lifelong oral antibiotics. 7/8 patients underwent colonoscopy. 5/7 patients were found to have polyps following PJI diagnosis with one carcinoma and two dysplastic polyps. The two patients without polyps had identifiable gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal abnormality: tooth extraction prior to symptom onset and diverticulosis on chronic anticoagulation. Conclusion: SBG PJI is typically due to hematologic seeding. Colonoscopy should be pursued for patients with SBG PJI. Surgical treatment dictated by infection acuity and 6-week course of Ceftriaxone seems sufficient to control infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aaron J Tande
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Douglas R Osmon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Grobbee EJ, Lam SY, Fuhler GM, Blakaj B, Konstantinov SR, Bruno MJ, Peppelenbosch MP, Kuipers EJ, Spaander MC. First steps towards combining faecal immunochemical testing with the gut microbiome in colorectal cancer screening. United European Gastroenterol J 2019; 8:293-302. [PMID: 32213018 PMCID: PMC7184657 DOI: 10.1177/2050640619890732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Many countries use faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) to screen for colorectal cancer. There is increasing evidence that faecal microbiota play a crucial role in colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. We assessed the possibility of measuring faecal microbial features in FIT as potential future biomarkers in colorectal cancer screening. Methods Bacterial stability over time and the possibility of bacterial contamination were evaluated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Positive FIT samples (n = 200) of an average-risk screening cohort were subsequently analysed for universal 16S, and bacteria. Escherichia coli (E. coli), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), Bacteroidetes and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii) by qPCR. The results were compared with colonoscopy findings. Results Faecal microbiota in FIT were stably measured up to six days for E. coli (p = 0.53), F. nucleatum (p = 0.30), Bacteroidetes (p = 0.05) and F. prausnitzii (p = 0.62). Overall presence of bacterial contamination in FIT controls was low. Total bacterial load (i.e. 16S) was significantly higher in patients with colorectal cancer and high-grade dysplasia (p = 0.006). For the individual bacteria tested, no association was found with colonic lesions. Conclusions These results show that the faecal microbial content can be measured in FIT samples and remains stable for six days. Total bacterial load was higher in colorectal cancer and high-grade dysplasia. These results pave the way for further research to determine the potential role of microbiota assessment in FIT screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmée J Grobbee
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suk Yee Lam
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gwenny M Fuhler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Blerdi Blakaj
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sergey R Konstantinov
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco J Bruno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel P Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ernst J Kuipers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Cw Spaander
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Tarashi S, Siadat SD, Ahmadi Badi S, Zali M, Biassoni R, Ponzoni M, Moshiri A. Gut Bacteria and their Metabolites: Which One Is the Defendant for Colorectal Cancer? Microorganisms 2019; 7:E561. [PMID: 31766208 PMCID: PMC6920974 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7110561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide health concern which requires efficient therapeutic strategies. The mechanisms underlying CRC remain an essential subject of investigations in the cancer biology field. The evaluation of human microbiota can be critical in this regard, since the disruption of the normal community of gut bacteria is an important issue in the development of CRC. However, several studies have already evaluated the different aspects of the association between microbiota and CRC. The current study aimed at reviewing and summarizing most of the studies on the modifications of gut bacteria detected in stool and tissue samples of CRC cases. In addition, the importance of metabolites derived from gut bacteria, their relationship with the microbiota, and epigenetic modifications have been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Tarashi
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran; (S.T.); (S.D.S.); (S.A.B.)
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran; (S.T.); (S.D.S.); (S.A.B.)
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran; (S.T.); (S.D.S.); (S.A.B.)
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 19857-17411 Tehran, Iran;
| | - Roberto Biassoni
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Instituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Mirco Ponzoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Arfa Moshiri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 19857-17411 Tehran, Iran;
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
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Yu SY, Xie YH, Qiu YW, Chen YX, Fang JY. Moderate alteration to gut microbiota brought by colorectal adenoma resection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:1758-1765. [PMID: 31115072 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND AND AIM: Microbial dysbiosis is involved in the development of colorectal cancer and its most common precancerous lesion, colorectal adenoma. Endoscopic resection is one of the procedures for primary prevention of colorectal cancer, yet little is known about how the endoscopic therapy influences gut microbiota. METHODS We conducted a prospective study of 20 patients who underwent endoscopic resection of colorectal adenoma and analyzed the fecal microbiota before and 3 months after adenoma resection. MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA genes was performed to determine the alterations in microbial diversity and structure. To discriminate the microbiota of the two groups, random forest and receiver operating characteristic analysis were applied, and a genus-based microbiota signature was obtained. RESULTS Despite few alterations in overall microbial structure after adenoma resection, the abundance of Parabacteroides revealed a significant increase postoperatively (3.8% vs 1.5%, 0.1160), and the microbiota signature of Parabacteroides, Streptococcus, and Ruminococcus showed an optimal discriminating performance of postoperative status with the area under the curve 0.788, P < 0.001. CONCLUSION Fecal microbial alterations indicate the moderate influence of adenoma resection on gut microbiota and lay the groundwork for microbial prediction of adenoma recurrence. Larger sample studies are further required to validate the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yi Yu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Hong Xie
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Wen Qiu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Xuan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
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