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Huang Y, Wang J, Guo Y, Shen L, Li Y. Fibrinogen binding to activated platelets and its biomimetic thrombus-targeted thrombolytic strategies. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:133286. [PMID: 38908635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Thrombosis is associated with various fatal arteriovenous syndromes including ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary embolism. However, current clinical thrombolytic treatment strategies still have many problems in targeting and safety to meet the thrombolytic therapy needs. Understanding the molecular mechanism that underlies thrombosis is critical in developing effective thrombolytic strategies. It is well known that platelets play a central role in thrombosis and the binding of fibrinogen to activated platelets is a common pathway in the process of clot formation. Based on this, a concept of biomimetic thrombus-targeted thrombolytic strategy inspired from fibrinogen binding to activated platelets in thrombosis was proposed, which could selectively bind to activated platelets at a thrombus site, thus enabling targeted delivery and local release of thrombolytic agents for effective thrombolysis. In this review, we first summarized the main characteristics of platelets and fibrinogen, and then introduced the classical molecular mechanisms of thrombosis, including platelet adhesion, platelet activation and platelet aggregation through the interactions of activated platelets with fibrinogen. In addition, we highlighted the recent advances in biomimetic thrombus-targeted thrombolytic strategies which inspired from fibrinogen binding to activated platelets in thrombosis. The possible future directions and perspectives in this emerging area are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, PR China.
| | - Jiahua Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, PR China
| | - Lingyue Shen
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stoma-tology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, PR China.
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2
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Liu X, Pang P, Luo Z, Cai W, Li W, Hao J. Prevalence and risk factors for proximal deep vein thrombosis at admission in patients with traumatic fractures: a multicenter retrospective study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1372268. [PMID: 38725838 PMCID: PMC11079222 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1372268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to determine the associated risk factors for proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with lower extremity and pelvic-acetabular fractures. Methods The medical records of 4,056 patients with lower extremity and pelvic-acetabular fractures were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were classified into proximal or non-proximal DVT groups. Logistic regression models were used to determine the independent risk variables for proximal DVT. The predictive value of the related risk factors was further analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curves. Results The prevalence of proximal DVT was 3.16%. Sex, body mass index (BMI), fracture site, injury mechanism, diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), injury-to-admission interval, hematocrit, platelet counts, and D-dimer levels differed significantly between the two groups. BMI ≥ 24.0 kg/m2, femoral shaft fractures, high-energy injury, diabetes, injury-to-admission interval >24 h were independent risk factors for proximal DVT. CHD decreased the risk of proximal DVT. The platelet and D-dimer had high negative predictive value for predicting proximal DVT formation, with cut-off values of 174 × 109/L and 2.18 mg/L, respectively. Conclusion BMI ≥ 24.0 kg/m2, femoral shaft fractures, high-energy injury, diabetes, injury-to-admission interval >24 h were independent risk factors for proximal DVT in patients with lower extremity and pelvic-acetabular fractures. Platelet count and D-dimer level were effective indicators for excluding proximal DVT occurrence. CHD decreased the risk of proximal DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Pang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Binzhou Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenguo Luo
- Department of Anaesthesiology, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbo Cai
- Department of Anaesthesiology, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wangyang Li
- Emergency Department, Linfen Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Linfen, Shanxi, China
| | - Jianhong Hao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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3
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Bolognese L, Reccia MR, Sabini A. Italian contributions to the history of acute myocardial infarction treatment. Minerva Cardiol Angiol 2024; 72:32-40. [PMID: 37310157 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5683.23.06335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The reduction in mortality from cardiovascular disease has been one of the crowning achievements of medicine over the past century. The evolution in management of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has played a key role. Yet, the epidemiology of patients with STEMI continues to evolve. The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) documented that STEMI accounted for ~36% of ACS cases. According to an analysis of a large USA database, the age-adjusted and sex-adjusted incidence of hospitalizations for STEMI significantly decreased from 133 per 100,000 person-years in 1999 to 50 per 100,000 person-years in 2008. Despite advances in both the early management and longer-term treatment of AMI, this condition still represents a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in western countries, making essential understanding its determinants. Early mortality gains noted in all AMI patients may not be sustained over the longer term and reciprocal trends of decreasing mortality after AMI accompanied by an increasing incidence of heart failure have been demonstrated in more recent years. Greater salvage of high-risk MI patients in recent periods may contribute to these trends. Over the past century, insights into the pathophysiology of AMI revolutionized approaches to management through different historical phases. This review provides a historic perspective on the underlying discoveries and pivotal trials that have been the foundation of the key changes of pharmacological and interventional treatment of AMI leading to the dramatic improvement of prognosis during the last tre decades, with special emphasis to the Italian contributions to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Bolognese
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, San Donato Hospital, A.O. Toscana Sud-Est, Arezzo, Italy -
| | - Matteo R Reccia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, San Donato Hospital, A.O. Toscana Sud-Est, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sabini
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, San Donato Hospital, A.O. Toscana Sud-Est, Arezzo, Italy
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4
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Carciotto G, Costa F, Garcia-Ruiz V, Galli M, Soraci E, Magliarditi A, Teresi L, Nasso E, Carerj S, Di Bella G, Micari A, De Luca G. Individualization of Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after Coronary Stenting: A Comprehensive, Evidence-Based Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7144. [PMID: 38002756 PMCID: PMC10672070 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), comprising aspirin and a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, is the cornerstone of post-percutaneous coronary intervention treatment to prevent stent thrombosis and reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. The selection of an optimal DAPT regimen, considering the interplay of various antiplatelet agents, patient profiles, and procedural characteristics, remains an evolving challenge. Traditionally, a standard duration of 12 months has been recommended for DAPT in most patients. While contemporary guidelines provide general frameworks, DAPT modulation with longer or shorter treatment courses followed by aspirin or P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy are evolving towards an individualized strategy to optimize the balance between efficacy and safety. This review comprehensively examines the current landscape of DAPT strategies after coronary stenting, with a focus on emerging evidence for treatment individualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Carciotto
- Division of Cardiology, Policlinico G Martino, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (L.T.)
| | - Francesco Costa
- BIOMORF Department, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.C.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Mattia Galli
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48033 Cotignola, Italy;
| | - Emmanuele Soraci
- U.O.S. Emodinamica, Department of Medicine, Ospedale Barone Romeo di Patti, 98066 Messina, Italy; (E.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Alberto Magliarditi
- U.O.S. Emodinamica, Department of Medicine, Ospedale Barone Romeo di Patti, 98066 Messina, Italy; (E.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Lucio Teresi
- Division of Cardiology, Policlinico G Martino, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (L.T.)
| | - Enrica Nasso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (E.N.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Scipione Carerj
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (E.N.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Gianluca Di Bella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (E.N.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Antonio Micari
- BIOMORF Department, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Giuseppe De Luca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (E.N.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
- Division of Cardiology, IRCCS Hospital Galeazzi-Sant’Ambrogio, 20157 Milan, Italy
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5
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Roehrig S, Ackerstaff J, Jiménez Núñez E, Teller H, Ellerbrock P, Meier K, Heitmeier S, Tersteegen A, Stampfuss J, Lang D, Schlemmer KH, Schaefer M, Gericke KM, Kinzel T, Meibom D, Schmidt M, Gerdes C, Follmann M, Hillisch A. Design and Preclinical Characterization Program toward Asundexian (BAY 2433334), an Oral Factor XIa Inhibitor for the Prevention and Treatment of Thromboembolic Disorders. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12203-12224. [PMID: 37669040 PMCID: PMC10510402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Activated coagulation factor XI (FXIa) is a highly attractive antithrombotic target as it contributes to the development and progression of thrombosis but is thought to play only a minor role in hemostasis so that its inhibition may allow for decoupling of antithrombotic efficacy and bleeding time prolongation. Herein, we report our major efforts to identify an orally bioavailable, reversible FXIa inhibitor. Using a protein structure-based de novo design approach, we identified a novel micromolar hit with attractive physicochemical properties. During lead modification, a critical problem was balancing potency and absorption by focusing on the most important interactions of the lead series with FXIa while simultaneously seeking to improve metabolic stability and the cytochrome P450 interaction profile. In clinical trials, the resulting compound from our extensive research program, asundexian (BAY 2433334), proved to possess the desired DMPK properties for once-daily oral dosing, and even more importantly, the initial pharmacological hypothesis was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Roehrig
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Heitmeier
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Adrian Tersteegen
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jan Stampfuss
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Dieter Lang
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | | | - Kersten M. Gericke
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Meibom
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Christoph Gerdes
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Markus Follmann
- Pharmaceuticals, Research
and Development, Bayer AG, 42133 Wuppertal, Germany
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Qiao XR, Zheng T, Xie Y, Yao X, Yuan Z, Wu Y, Zhou D, Chen T. MiR-146a rs2910164 (G/C) polymorphism is associated with the development and prognosis of acute coronary syndromes: an observational study including case control and validation cohort. J Transl Med 2023; 21:325. [PMID: 37189131 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04140-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The purpose of this study was to assess the association of miR-146a rs2910164 and miR-34b rs4938723 polymorphisms with the development and prognosis of ACS and to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS A case-control study of 1171 subjects was included to determine the association of miR-146a rs2910164 and miR-34b rs4938723 polymorphisms with ACS risk. An additional 612 patients with different miR-146a rs2910164 genotypes, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were included in the validation cohort and followed for 14 to 60 months. The endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). A luciferase reporter gene assay was used to validate the interaction of oxi-miR-146a(G) with the IKBA 3'UTR. Potential mechanisms were validated using immunoblotting and immunostaining. RESULTS The miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of ACS (Dominant model: CG + GG vs. CC, OR = 1.270, 95% CI (1.000-1.613), P = 0.049; Recessive model: GG vs. CC + CG, OR = 1.402, 95% CI (1.017-1.934), P = 0.039). Serum inflammatory factor levels were higher in patients with the miR-146a rs2910164 G allele than in those with the C allele. MiR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism in dominant model was associated with the incidence of MACE in post-PCI patients (CG + GG vs. CC, HR = 1.405, 95% CI (1.018-1.939), P = 0.038). However, the miR-34b rs4938723 polymorphism was not associated with the prevalence and prognosis of ACS. The G allele of miR-146a rs2910164 tends to be oxidized in ACS patients. The miRNA fractions purified from monocytes isolated from ACS patients were recognized by the 8OHG antibody. Mispairing of Oxi-miR-146a(G) with the 3'UTR of IKBA results in decreased IκBα protein expression and activation of the NF-κB inflammatory pathway. P65 expression was higher in atherosclerotic plaques from patients carrying the miR-146a rs2910164 G allele. CONCLUSION The variant of miR-146a rs2910164 is closely associated with the risk of ACS in Chinese Han population. Patients carrying miR-146a rs2910164 G allele may have worse pathological change and poorer post-PCI prognosis, partly due to the oxidatively modified miR-146a mispairing with 3'UTR of IKBA and activating NF-κB inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Rui Qiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yifei Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xinyi Yao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Zuyi Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 439 XuanHua Road, Chongqing, 402160, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
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7
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COVID-19 and Vasa vasorum: New Atherogenic Factor? A Case Report and Autopsy Findings. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13061097. [PMID: 36980405 PMCID: PMC10047382 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with COVID-19 demonstrate higher rates of cardiovascular complications, including thromboses and thromboembolism. One may suppose that the action of SARS-CoV-2 transforms stable atherosclerotic plaques into unstable status. Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 may be caused by progressive viral alteration of the blood vessels, including Vasa vasorum. A lethal case of ischemic brain disease caused by cerebral atherosclerosis and exacerbated by a stroke during COVID-19 infection is briefly described. The results of the autopsy showed perivascular lymphocytic infiltration and signs of Vasa vasorum vasculitis with thrombi of adventitial microvasculature. The data discussed in the article are interpreted in the context of the concept giving the important role in atherogenesis to Vasa vasorum.
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8
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Xiao K, Chen Y, Xiao L, Sun H, He Z, Huang G, Chen L, Xv L, Peng L, Li J, Xv Y, Wang J. The relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and total coronary artery occlusion: a cross-sectional study from Southwest China. Coron Artery Dis 2023; 34:138-145. [PMID: 36633332 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000001217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence points to hyperhomocysteinemia as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in addition to traditional cardiovascular risks, but few have studied the association between hyperhomocysteinemia and total coronary artery occlusion (TCAO). To understand the risk factors for TCAO, we investigated the potential relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and TCAO, and the interactions between cardiovascular risk factors and hyperhomocysteinemia. METHODS A total of 890 adult patients from Southwest China participated in this cross-sectional study between February 2018 and February 2021. TCAO was defined as complete occlusion of more than one of the 15 coronary segments. Hyperhomocysteinemia was defined as serum homocysteine levels ≥15 μmol/L. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and TCAO. The relationship between homocysteine as a continuous variable and TCAO was also analyzed. Subgroup analyses by sex, age, weight, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were done, and interactions between subgroup variables and hyperhomocysteinemia were performed. RESULTS Individuals with hyperhomocysteinemia showed an increased risk for TCAO. The adjusted odds ratio for TCAO in individuals with hyperhomocysteinemia was 1.74 (95% confidence interval, 1.28-2.36). When analyzed as a continuous variable, homocysteine was associated with an increased risk for TCAO. Subgroup analysis showed that the association between hyperhomocysteinemia and TCAO was statistically significant in men, elderly, overweight, smokers, and non-diabetic people. Interaction analysis showed no significant interactions between hyperhomocysteinemia and group variables. CONCLUSIONS In Southwest China, hyperhomocysteinemia was significantly associated with TCAO. This association was particularly significant in men, elderly, overweight, smokers, and non-diabetic people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyong Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Lizhou District, Guangyuan, Sichuan
| | - Yuxiong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing
| | - Lian Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Lizhou District, Guangyuan, Sichuan
| | - Hua Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Lizhou District, Guangyuan, Sichuan
| | - Zhongwei He
- Department of Cardiology, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Lizhou District, Guangyuan, Sichuan
| | - Guan Huang
- Medical Laboratory Center, Guangyuan Central Hospital
| | - Lvhong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Lizhou District, Guangyuan, Sichuan
| | - Lei Xv
- Department of Cardiology, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Lizhou District, Guangyuan, Sichuan
| | - Ling Peng
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangyuan Central Hospital
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Lizhou District, Guangyuan, Sichuan
| | - Yuling Xv
- Sterilization Supply Center, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Lizhou District, Guangyuan, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Lizhou District, Guangyuan, Sichuan
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9
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Denzinger F, Wels M, Breininger K, Taubmann O, Mühlberg A, Allmendinger T, Gülsün MA, Schöbinger M, André F, Buss SJ, Görich J, Sühling M, Maier A. How scan parameter choice affects deep learning-based coronary artery disease assessment from computed tomography. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2563. [PMID: 36781953 PMCID: PMC9925789 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, algorithms capable of assessing the severity of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in form of the Coronary Artery Disease-Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) grade from Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) scans using Deep Learning (DL) were proposed. Before considering to apply these algorithms in clinical practice, their robustness regarding different commonly used Computed Tomography (CT)-specific image formation parameters-including denoising strength, slab combination, and reconstruction kernel-needs to be evaluated. For this study, we reconstructed a data set of 500 patient CCTA scans under seven image formation parameter configurations. We select one default configuration and evaluate how varying individual parameters impacts the performance and stability of a typical algorithm for automated CAD assessment from CCTA. This algorithm consists of multiple preprocessing and a DL prediction step. We evaluate the influence of the parameter changes on the entire pipeline and additionally on only the DL step by propagating the centerline extraction results of the default configuration to all others. We consider the standard deviation of the CAD severity prediction grade difference between the default and variation configurations to assess the stability w.r.t. parameter changes. For the full pipeline we observe slight instability (± 0.226 CAD-RADS) for all variations. Predictions are more stable with centerlines propagated from the default to the variation configurations (± 0.122 CAD-RADS), especially for differing denoising strengths (± 0.046 CAD-RADS). However, stacking slabs with sharp boundaries instead of mixing slabs in overlapping regions (called true stack ± 0.313 CAD-RADS) and increasing the sharpness of the reconstruction kernel (± 0.150 CAD-RADS) leads to unstable predictions. Regarding the clinically relevant tasks of excluding CAD (called rule-out; AUC default 0.957, min 0.937) and excluding obstructive CAD (called hold-out; AUC default 0.971, min 0.964) the performance remains on a high level for all variations. Concluding, an influence of reconstruction parameters on the predictions is observed. Especially, scans reconstructed with the true stack parameter need to be treated with caution when using a DL-based method. Also, reconstruction kernels which are underrepresented in the training data increase the prediction uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Denzinger
- Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
- Computed Tomography, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Forchheim, Germany.
| | - Michael Wels
- Computed Tomography, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Forchheim, Germany
| | - Katharina Breininger
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Taubmann
- Computed Tomography, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Forchheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Mehmet A Gülsün
- Computed Tomography, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Forchheim, Germany
| | - Max Schöbinger
- Computed Tomography, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Forchheim, Germany
| | - Florian André
- Das Radiologische Zentrum-Radiology Center, Sinsheim-Eberbach-Erbach-Walldorf-Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Buss
- Das Radiologische Zentrum-Radiology Center, Sinsheim-Eberbach-Erbach-Walldorf-Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Görich
- Das Radiologische Zentrum-Radiology Center, Sinsheim-Eberbach-Erbach-Walldorf-Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Sühling
- Computed Tomography, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Forchheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Maier
- Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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10
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Kuneman JH, van Rosendael SE, van der Bijl P, van Rosendael AR, Kitslaar PH, Reiber JH, Jukema JW, Leon MB, Ajmone Marsan N, Knuuti J, Bax JJ. Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Attenuation in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Versus Stable Coronary Artery Disease. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2023; 16:e014672. [PMID: 36802444 PMCID: PMC9946175 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.122.014672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation has been associated with coronary inflammation and can be evaluated with coronary computed tomography angiography. The aims of this study were to compare the PCAT attenuation across precursors of culprit and nonculprit lesions of patients with acute coronary syndrome versus stable coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS In this case-control study, patients with suspected CAD who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography were included. Patients who developed an acute coronary syndrome within 2 years after the coronary computed tomography angiography scan were identified, and patients with stable CAD (defined as any coronary plaque ≥30% luminal diameter stenosis) were 1:2 propensity score matched for age, sex, and cardiac risk factors. The mean PCAT attenuation was analyzed at lesion level and compared between precursors of culprit lesions, nonculprit lesions, and stable coronary plaques. RESULTS In total, 198 patients (age 62±10 years, 65% male) were selected, including 66 patients who developed an acute coronary syndrome and 132 propensity matched patients with stable CAD. Overall, 765 coronary lesions were analyzed (culprit lesion precursors: n=66; nonculprit lesion precursors: n=207; and stable lesions: n=492). Culprit lesion precursors had larger total plaque volume, fibro-fatty plaque volume, and low-attenuation plaque volume compared to nonculprit and stable lesions. The mean PCAT attenuation was significantly higher across culprit lesion precursors compared to nonculprit and stable lesions (-63.8±9.7 Hounsfield units versus -68.8±10.6 Hounsfield units versus -69.6±10.6 Hounsfield units, respectively; P<0.001), whereas the mean PCAT attenuation around nonculprit and stable lesions was not significantly different (P=0.99). CONCLUSIONS The mean PCAT attenuation is significantly increased across culprit lesion precursors in patients with acute coronary syndrome, compared to nonculprit lesions of these patients and to lesions of patients with stable CAD, which may suggest a higher intensity of inflammation. PCAT attenuation on coronary computed tomography angiography may be a novel marker to identify high-risk plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurrien H. Kuneman
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (J.H.K., S.E.v.R., P.v.d.R., A.R.v.R., J.W.J., N.A.M., J.K., J.J.B.)
| | - Sophie E. van Rosendael
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (J.H.K., S.E.v.R., P.v.d.R., A.R.v.R., J.W.J., N.A.M., J.K., J.J.B.)
| | - Pieter van der Bijl
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (J.H.K., S.E.v.R., P.v.d.R., A.R.v.R., J.W.J., N.A.M., J.K., J.J.B.)
| | - Alexander R. van Rosendael
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (J.H.K., S.E.v.R., P.v.d.R., A.R.v.R., J.W.J., N.A.M., J.K., J.J.B.)
| | - Pieter H. Kitslaar
- Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands (P.H.K.).,Medis Medical Imaging, Leiden, The Netherlands (P.H.K.)
| | - Johan H.C. Reiber
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (J.H.C.R.)
| | - J. Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (J.H.K., S.E.v.R., P.v.d.R., A.R.v.R., J.W.J., N.A.M., J.K., J.J.B.).,Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.W.J.)
| | - Martin B. Leon
- Department of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, NY (M.B.L.)
| | - Nina Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (J.H.K., S.E.v.R., P.v.d.R., A.R.v.R., J.W.J., N.A.M., J.K., J.J.B.)
| | - Juhani Knuuti
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (J.H.K., S.E.v.R., P.v.d.R., A.R.v.R., J.W.J., N.A.M., J.K., J.J.B.).,Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Finland (J.K.)
| | - Jeroen J. Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (J.H.K., S.E.v.R., P.v.d.R., A.R.v.R., J.W.J., N.A.M., J.K., J.J.B.).,Heart Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Finland (J.J.B.)
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11
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Advances in the Bioactivities of Phytochemical Saponins in the Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14234998. [PMID: 36501028 PMCID: PMC9735883 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by hardening and narrowing of arteries. AS leads to a number of arteriosclerotic vascular diseases including cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral artery disease, which pose a big threat to human health. Phytochemicals are a variety of intermediate or terminal low molecular weight secondary metabolites produced during plant energy metabolism. Phytochemicals from plant foods (vegetables, fruits, whole grains) and traditional herb plants have been shown to exhibit multiple bioactivities which are beneficial for prevention and treatment against AS. Many types of phytochemicals including polyphenols, saponins, carotenoids, terpenoids, organic sulfur compounds, phytoestrogens, phytic acids and plant sterols have already been identified, among which saponins are a family of glycosidic compounds consisting of a hydrophobic aglycone (sapogenin) linked to hydrophilic sugar moieties. In recent years, studies have shown that saponins exhibit a number of biological activities such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, cholesterol-lowering, immunomodulation, anti-platelet aggregation, etc., which are helpful in the prevention and treatment of AS. This review aims to summarize the recent advances in the anti-atherosclerotic bioactivities of saponins such as ginsenoside, soyasaponin, astra-galoside, glycyrrhizin, gypenoside, dioscin, saikosaponin, etc.
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12
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Cheng S, Wu D, Liu H, Xu X, Zhu B, Du M. A comprehensive method to explore inhibitory kinetics and mechanisms of an anticoagulant peptide derived from Crassostrea gigas. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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13
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Fernández-Gallego N, Castillo-González R, Méndez-Barbero N, López-Sanz C, Obeso D, Villaseñor A, Escribese MM, López-Melgar B, Salamanca J, Benedicto-Buendía A, Jiménez-Borreguero LJ, Ibañez B, Sastre J, Belver MT, Vega F, Blanco C, Barber D, Sánchez-Madrid F, de la Fuente H, Martín P, Esteban V, Jiménez-Saiz R. The impact of type 2 immunity and allergic diseases in atherosclerosis. Allergy 2022; 77:3249-3266. [PMID: 35781885 DOI: 10.1111/all.15426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are allergen-induced immunological disorders characterized by the development of type 2 immunity and IgE responses. The prevalence of allergic diseases has been on the rise alike cardiovascular disease (CVD), which affects arteries of different organs such as the heart, the kidney and the brain. The underlying cause of CVD is often atherosclerosis, a disease distinguished by endothelial dysfunction, fibrofatty material accumulation in the intima of the artery wall, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and Th1 inflammation. The opposed T-cell identity of allergy and atherosclerosis implies an atheroprotective role for Th2 cells by counteracting Th1 responses. Yet, the clinical association between allergic disease and CVD argues against it. Within, we review different phases of allergic pathology, basic immunological mechanisms of atherosclerosis and the clinical association between allergic diseases (particularly asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and food allergy) and CVD. Then, we discuss putative atherogenic mechanisms of type 2 immunity and allergic inflammation including acute allergic reactions (IgE, IgG1, mast cells, macrophages and allergic mediators such as vasoactive components, growth factors and those derived from the complement, contact and coagulation systems) and late phase inflammation (Th2 cells, eosinophils, type 2 innate-like lymphoid cells, alarmins, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13 and IL-17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Fernández-Gallego
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Castillo-González
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Méndez-Barbero
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia López-Sanz
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Obeso
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Nemesio Díez (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alma Villaseñor
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Nemesio Díez (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - María M Escribese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Nemesio Díez (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz López-Melgar
- Department of Cardiology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Salamanca
- Department of Cardiology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amparo Benedicto-Buendía
- Department of Cardiology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Jesús Jiménez-Borreguero
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Ibañez
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Sastre
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Belver
- Department of Allergy, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Vega
- Department of Allergy, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Blanco
- Department of Allergy, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo Barber
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Nemesio Díez (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hortensia de la Fuente
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Martín
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Esteban
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Jiménez-Saiz
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Kaur G, Chand S, Rai D, Baibhav B, Blankstein R, Mukherjee D, Levy P, Gulati M. Contemporary Risk Stratification of Acute Coronary Syndrome. US CARDIOLOGY REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.15420/usc.2022.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chest pain is one of the most common presenting concerns of patients seeking care in the emergency department, and the underlying etiology can range from acute coronary syndrome to various other non-cardiac causes. Initial evaluation should focus on characterizing symptoms and identifying risk factors, but further risk stratification using clinical decision pathways and biomarkers (cardiac troponin) is essential. The 2021 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines for the evaluation and diagnosis of chest pain represent the first ever guidelines for the evaluation of patients with acute chest pain. The contemporary risk stratification methods described in these guidelines allow for the identification of patient subgroups: patients who do not require further testing, patients who should proceed directly to the cath lab, and patients who will benefit from further anatomic or functional testing. In this review, we describe contemporary risk stratification methods for acute coronary syndrome and summarize the recommendations put forth by the guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurleen Kaur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Swati Chand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY
| | - Devesh Rai
- Department of Cardiology, Sands-Constellation Heart Institute, Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, NY
| | - Bipul Baibhav
- Department of Cardiology, Sands-Constellation Heart Institute, Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, NY
| | - Ron Blankstein
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Debabrata Mukherjee
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX
| | - Phillip Levy
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Martha Gulati
- Department of Cardiology, Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA
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15
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Liu D, Zhang M, Tian J, Gao M, Liu M, Fu X, Jin T, Pan J, Chen F, An F. WNT1-inducible signalling pathway protein 1 stabilizes atherosclerotic plaques in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice via the focal adhesion kinase/mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway. J Hypertens 2022; 40:1666-1681. [PMID: 35881419 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The migration, proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are critical for plaque stability. WNT-inducible signalling pathway protein-1 (WISP1), a member of the CCN family of extracellular matrix proteins, can expedite the migration and proliferation of VSMCs. However, its underlying mechanism and relationship with atherosclerosis remain elusive. The relationship between WISP1 and apoptosis of VSMCs has not been determined previously. METHOD In the study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between WISP1 and plaque stability and its related mechanism.ApoE-/- mice were divided following groups: the null lentivirus (NC), lentivirus WISP1 (IvWISP1) and WISP1-shRNA (shWISP1) groups. Immunofluorescence, Oil Red O and Masson's staining of the carotid arteries were performed. Transwell wound healing assay, CCK8 assay, and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining were performed using VSMCs. The levels of WISP1, P38, C-Jun N-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt (also known as PKB, protein kinase B), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), cleaved caspase3, Bcl2 and Bax were detected by western blotting. RESULTS The relative area of lipids and monocytes/macrophages in the shWISP1 group increased compared with that of the NC group. However, the relative area of smooth muscle cell and collagen in the IvWISP1 group increased compared with that in the NC group. Therefore, WISP1 could stabilize atherosclerotic plaques. Besides, WISP1 accelerate the migration and proliferation of VSMCs via integrin α5β1 and FAK/MEK/ERK signalling pathways. In addition, WISP1 can inhibit the apoptosis of VSMCs via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSION WISP1 not only inhibits the apoptosis of VSMCs via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway but also enhances the migration and proliferation of VSMCs via the integrin α5β1 and FAK/MEK/ERK pathways. Therefore, WISP1 could enhance the stability of atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingjun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | | | - Ming Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangrui Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinyu Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First medical University, Jinan
| | - Fangna Chen
- Department of Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
| | - Fengshuang An
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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16
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Astore C, Zhou H, Ilkowski B, Forness J, Skolnick J. LeMeDISCO is a computational method for large-scale prediction & molecular interpretation of disease comorbidity. Commun Biol 2022; 5:870. [PMID: 36008469 PMCID: PMC9411158 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03816-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the origin of disease comorbidity and to identify the essential proteins and pathways underlying comorbid diseases, we developed LeMeDISCO (Large-Scale Molecular Interpretation of Disease Comorbidity), an algorithm that predicts disease comorbidities from shared mode of action proteins predicted by the artificial intelligence-based MEDICASCY algorithm. LeMeDISCO was applied to predict the occurrence of comorbid diseases for 3608 distinct diseases. Benchmarking shows that LeMeDISCO has much better comorbidity recall than the two molecular methods XD-score (44.5% vs. 6.4%) and the SAB score (68.6% vs. 8.0%). Its performance is somewhat comparable to the phenotype method-based Symptom Similarity Score, 63.7% vs. 100%, but LeMeDISCO works for far more cases and its large comorbidity recall is attributed to shared proteins that can help provide an understanding of the molecular mechanism(s) underlying disease comorbidity. The LeMeDISCO web server is available for academic users at: http://sites.gatech.edu/cssb/LeMeDISCO .
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Astore
- Center for the Study of Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Hongyi Zhou
- Center for the Study of Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Bartosz Ilkowski
- Center for the Study of Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jessica Forness
- Center for the Study of Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jeffrey Skolnick
- Center for the Study of Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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17
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Nardi V, Franchi F, Prasad M, Fatica EM, Alexander MP, Bois MC, Lam J, Singh RJ, Meyer FB, Lanzino G, Xiong Y, Lutgens E, Lerman LO, Lerman A. Uric Acid Expression in Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque and Serum Uric Acid Are Associated With Cerebrovascular Events. Hypertension 2022; 79:1814-1823. [PMID: 35656807 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uric acid (UA) concentration within carotid plaque and its association with cerebrovascular events have not been detected or quantified. Systemically, serum UA is a marker of inflammation and risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, its association with carotid plaque instability and stroke pathogenesis remains unclear. In patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, we aimed to determine whether UA is present differentially in symptomatic versus asymptomatic carotid plaques and whether serum UA is associated with cerebrovascular symptoms (stroke, transient ischemic attack, or amaurosis fugax). METHODS Carotid atherosclerotic plaques were collected during carotid endarterectomy. The presence of UA was assessed using Gomori methenamine silver staining as well as anti-UA immunohistochemical staining and its quantity measured using an enzymatic colorimetric assay. Clinical information was obtained through a retrospective review of data. RESULTS UA was more commonly detected in symptomatic (n=23) compared with asymptomatic (n=9) carotid plaques by Gomori methenamine silver (20 [86.9%] versus 2 [22.2%]; P=0.001) and anti-UA immunohistochemistry (16 [69.5%] versus 1 [11.1%]; P=0.004). UA concentration was higher in symptomatic rather than asymptomatic plaques (25.1 [9.5] versus 17.9 [3.8] µg/g; P=0.021). Before carotid endarterectomy, serum UA levels were higher in symptomatic (n=341) compared with asymptomatic (n=146) patients (5.9 [interquartile range, 4.6-6.9] mg/dL versus 5.2 [interquartile range, 4.6-6.2] mg/dL; P=0.009). CONCLUSIONS The current study supports a potential role of UA as a potential tissue participant and a systemic biomarker in the pathogenesis of carotid atherosclerosis. UA may provide a mechanistic explanation for plaque instability and subsequent ischemic cerebrovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Nardi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Federico Franchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Megha Prasad
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Erica M Fatica
- Department of Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology (E.M.F., M.P.A., M.C.B., R.J.S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mariam P Alexander
- Department of Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology (E.M.F., M.P.A., M.C.B., R.J.S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Melanie C Bois
- Department of Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology (E.M.F., M.P.A., M.C.B., R.J.S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Josephine Lam
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ravinder J Singh
- Department of Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology (E.M.F., M.P.A., M.C.B., R.J.S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Fredric B Meyer
- Department of Neurosurgery (F.B.M., G.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Giuseppe Lanzino
- Department of Neurosurgery (F.B.M., G.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Yuning Xiong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension (L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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18
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Gene Expression Profiling of Markers of Inflammation, Angiogenesis, Coagulation and Fibrinolysis in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease with Very High Lipoprotein(a) Levels Treated with PCSK9 Inhibitors. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9070211. [PMID: 35877573 PMCID: PMC9324258 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9070211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides lipids, inflammation, angiogenesis, coagulation and fibrinolysis play very important roles in coronary artery disease (CAD). We measured gene expression of the inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-1β (IL1B) and interferon (IFN)-γ (IFNG), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) (VEGFA), and coagulation and fibrinolysis markers tissue factor (TF) (F3) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) (SERPINE) in healthy controls and CAD patients with high lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)). The aim of our study was to identify, first, if there is a difference in these markers between controls and patients; secondly, if these markers are associated with lipids; and third, what the influence of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors is on these markers. We included 124 subjects, 27 controls and 97 patients with CAD (30 in placebo and 67 in the PCSK9 group). Blood samples were collected for lipid and gene measurement. The results showed higher expression of IL1B (p < 0.0001), VEGFA (p < 0.0001), and F3 (p = 0.018) in controls in comparison with patients. Significant correlations were observed between IL1B and lipids. Treatment with PCSK9 inhibitors increased VEGFA (p < 0.0001) and F3 (p = 0.001), and decreased SERPINE (p = 0.043). The results of our study underpin the importance of IL-1β, VEGF-A and TF in CAD as well as the effect of PCSK9 treatment on these markers.
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Zibaeenejad F, Mohammadi SS, Sayadi M, Safari F, Zibaeenezhad MJ. Ten-year atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score and its components among an Iranian population: a cohort-based cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:162. [PMID: 35397522 PMCID: PMC8994278 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) continues to be the first cause of mortality globally. Effective preventive strategies require focused efforts to clarify ASCVD risk factors in different subgroups of a population. This study aimed to identify individuals at higher risk of ASCVD among Shiraz University employees to guide decision-making for primary prevention. Methods This cohort-based cross-sectional study was conducted on data of 1191 participants (25–70 years old) from Shiraz University employees selected by systematic random sampling. The 10-year ASCVD risk was calculated with an ASCVD risk score estimator developed by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA). To analyze the data, descriptive and chi-square tests were used. All statistical analyses were conducted using the SPSS version 16.0 software. The p-value < 0.05 was considered a significant level. Results This study demonstrated that 75.3% of the participants had low risk scores, whereas 13.2% and 2.5% of them had intermediate and high risk scores, respectively. Additionally, it revealed that among women 93.7%, 2.7%, and 0.6% had low intermediate and had high risk scores, respectively, whereas among men, 61.5%, 21.1%, and 3.9% had low intermediate and high risk scores, respectively. Based on the results of the chi-square test, men were significantly more prone to ASCVD (38.5%) than women (6.3%) were. Interestingly, 40.9% of known cases of hypertension had uncontrolled blood pressure, and 62.5% of individuals without any history of hypertension, who were considered new cases of hypertension, had abnormal blood pressure. Furthermore, 38.5% of diabetic patients and 1.6% of people who did not have a history of diabetes had abnormal serum fasting blood sugar. Conclusion It was revealed that nearly 15.7% of participants were at intermediate and high risk of developing ASCVD in the next 10 years with greater risk in men. Considerably, some of hypertensive and diabetic participants had uncontrolled blood pressure and blood sugar levels, respectively. New cases of diabetes and hypertension were also recognized in our study. Therefore, to address the primary prevention of ASCVD in this population, it is necessary to have plans for targeted interventions, which can be effective in modifying their risk factors.
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20
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Mohseni-Alsalhi Z, Laven SAJS, Janssen EBNJ, Wagenaar AL, van Kuijk SMJ, Spaanderman MEA, Ghossein-Doha C. A Multimarker Model for Aberrant Cardiac Geometry after Preeclampsia. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071900. [PMID: 35407506 PMCID: PMC8999797 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One out of four women with a history of preeclampsia shows abnormal cardiac remodeling consistent with subclinical heart failure (HF) in the first decade postpartum. Since these women are susceptible for developing remote symptomatic HF, development of a model for aberrant cardiac geometry as a first screening tool after delivery, is urgently needed. In this cross-sectional study, 752 preeclamptic women were included. Cardiovascular evaluation was conducted between six months and five years postpartum including cardiac ultrasound, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), plasma volume (PV) and biomarker assessment. We developed a multimarker model using uni- and multivariable linear regression and used the regression coefficients (RC) to develop a formula and estimate the aberrant cardiac remodeling in our population. Both SBP and PV were shown to be independently correlated with relative wall thickness (RWT) and left ventricular mass index (LVMi). C-reactive protein (CRP) and uric acid were independently correlated with RWT. Fibrinogen did not relate to either LVMi or RWT. This study displays markers of abnormal cardiac remodeling in former preeclamptic women, suggesting a combination of mechanical and biochemical factors that should be involved in worrisome chamber remodeling before clinical symptoms arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenab Mohseni-Alsalhi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, GROW, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), MD 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.A.J.S.L.); (E.B.N.J.J.); (A.L.W.); (M.E.A.S.); (C.G.-D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-433874764; Fax: +31-433874765
| | - Sophie A. J. S. Laven
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, GROW, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), MD 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.A.J.S.L.); (E.B.N.J.J.); (A.L.W.); (M.E.A.S.); (C.G.-D.)
| | - Emma B. N. J. Janssen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, GROW, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), MD 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.A.J.S.L.); (E.B.N.J.J.); (A.L.W.); (M.E.A.S.); (C.G.-D.)
| | - Anique L. Wagenaar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, GROW, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), MD 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.A.J.S.L.); (E.B.N.J.J.); (A.L.W.); (M.E.A.S.); (C.G.-D.)
| | - Sander M. J. van Kuijk
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), MD 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Marc E. A. Spaanderman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, GROW, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), MD 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.A.J.S.L.); (E.B.N.J.J.); (A.L.W.); (M.E.A.S.); (C.G.-D.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, MD 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Chahinda Ghossein-Doha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, GROW, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), MD 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.A.J.S.L.); (E.B.N.J.J.); (A.L.W.); (M.E.A.S.); (C.G.-D.)
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), MD 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands
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21
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Jebari-Benslaiman S, Galicia-García U, Larrea-Sebal A, Olaetxea JR, Alloza I, Vandenbroeck K, Benito-Vicente A, Martín C. Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063346. [PMID: 35328769 PMCID: PMC8954705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis is initiated by endothelium activation and, followed by a cascade of events (accumulation of lipids, fibrous elements, and calcification), triggers the vessel narrowing and activation of inflammatory pathways. The resultant atheroma plaque, along with these processes, results in cardiovascular complications. This review focuses on the different stages of atherosclerosis development, ranging from endothelial dysfunction to plaque rupture. In addition, the post-transcriptional regulation and modulation of atheroma plaque by microRNAs and lncRNAs, the role of microbiota, and the importance of sex as a crucial risk factor in atherosclerosis are covered here in order to provide a global view of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifa Jebari-Benslaiman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (S.J.-B.); (I.A.); (K.V.)
- Biofisika Institute (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (U.G.-G.); (A.L.-S.)
| | - Unai Galicia-García
- Biofisika Institute (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (U.G.-G.); (A.L.-S.)
- Fundación Biofisika Bizkaia, Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Asier Larrea-Sebal
- Biofisika Institute (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (U.G.-G.); (A.L.-S.)
- Fundación Biofisika Bizkaia, Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Iraide Alloza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (S.J.-B.); (I.A.); (K.V.)
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Koen Vandenbroeck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (S.J.-B.); (I.A.); (K.V.)
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Asier Benito-Vicente
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (S.J.-B.); (I.A.); (K.V.)
- Biofisika Institute (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (U.G.-G.); (A.L.-S.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.-V.); (C.M.); Tel.: +34-946-01-2741 (C.M.)
| | - César Martín
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (S.J.-B.); (I.A.); (K.V.)
- Biofisika Institute (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (U.G.-G.); (A.L.-S.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.-V.); (C.M.); Tel.: +34-946-01-2741 (C.M.)
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22
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Del Rio-Pertuz G, Morataya C, Iskandir M, Argueta-Sosa E. Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated With a Mobile Left Ventricular Thrombi. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2022; 10:23247096221078704. [PMID: 35225697 PMCID: PMC8891841 DOI: 10.1177/23247096221078704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of acute coronary syndromes are caused by coronary artery thrombotic occlusions secondary to atherosclerotic plaque erosion or rupture. Coronary embolism is an important yet forgotten underlying cause of acute coronary syndrome. We present a case of a young patient who presented with ST elevation myocardial infarction suspected to be secondary to coronary embolization originating from a left ventricular thrombus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspar Del Rio-Pertuz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Cristina Morataya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Marina Iskandir
- Division of Cardiology, Texas Tech Univetsity Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Erwin Argueta-Sosa
- Division of Cardiology, Texas Tech Univetsity Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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23
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Ilango P, Mahendra J, Mahendra L, Cherian SM, Suresh V, Mahalingam A, Khanna VV, Abirami T. Evaluation of the periodontal viruses in cardiovascular patients associated with periodontitis. Oral Dis 2022; 29:1826-1835. [PMID: 35229412 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aims in evaluating the prevalence of Epstein-barr virus (EBV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Herpes simplex virus (HSV) in periodontitis and/or Coronary artery disease (CAD) patients to compare with their healthy controls and insist their significance in the same. METHODOLOGY Two hundred and forty patients were divided into 4 groups. Non-periodontitis+non-cardiac (NP+NC) =60 patients, periodontitis+non-cardiac patients (P+NC)=60 patients, non-periodontitis+cardiac patients (NP+C)=60 patients and periodontitis+cardiac (P+C)=60 patients. Demographic variables, cardiac and periodontal parameters were recorded. EBV, CMV and HSV were evaluated in the sub- gingival plaque samples using RT-PCR (Real time polymerase chain reaction) and compared between the groups. The results were statistically analysed using Students t test, Pearson's chi square, Turkey post hoc analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The demographic variables did not differ significantly between the groups, except for age. Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure, Low density lipoprotein, Random blood sugar were significantly higher in NP+C and P+C (p≤0.05). The Plaque Index, Probing Pocket Depth and Clinical Attachment Loss (p≤0.05) were significantly higher in P+NC and P+C. EBV and CMV was significantly higher in the two periodontitis groups P+NC and P+C (p-value=0.000). HSV was significantly higher in the two cardiac groups (NP+C and P+C) (p≤0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between EBV and CAL (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION The study concluded that higher prevalence of EBV and CMV were found in groups with periodontitis patients. This indicates the significant role of the viruses in periodontitis as confirmed by association of EBV and CAL. The viruses were said to be highest in periodontitis patients with CAD. This could pave a new link in the risk of CAD in periodontitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paavai Ilango
- Department of Periodontics, Priyadarshini Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, 600 095, India
| | - Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600 095, India
| | - Little Mahendra
- Department of Periodontics, Dean, Maktoum bin Hamdan Dental University, Dubai
| | - Sanjay M Cherian
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frontier Lifeline Hospital, Chennai, 600 037, India
| | | | - Arulpari Mahalingam
- Department of Pedodontics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, 600 107, India
| | - V Vinoth Khanna
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary college, VeperyS, Chennai, 600 007, India
| | - T Abirami
- Department of Periodontics, Priyadarshini Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, 600 095, India.,Department of Physiology, Priyadarshini Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, 600 095, India
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24
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Lozano PA, Alarabi AB, Garcia SE, Boakye ET, Kingbong HT, Naddour E, Villalobos-García D, Badejo P, El-Halawany MS, Khasawneh FT, Alshbool FZ. The Antidepressant Duloxetine Inhibits Platelet Function and Protects against Thrombosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052587. [PMID: 35269729 PMCID: PMC8910021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
While cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death, major depressive disorder (MDD) is the primary cause of disability, affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. Interestingly, there is evidence that CVD is more prevalent in people with MDD. It is well established that neurotransmitters, namely serotonin and norepinephrine, are involved in the biochemical mechanisms of MDD, and consequently, drugs targeting serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake, such as duloxetine, are commonly prescribed for MDD. In this connection, serotonin and norepinephrine are also known to play critical roles in primary hemostasis. Based on these considerations, we investigated if duloxetine can be repurposed as an antiplatelet medication. Our results-using human and/or mouse platelets show that duloxetine dose-dependently inhibited agonist-induced platelet aggregation, compared to the vehicle control. Furthermore, it also blocked agonist-induced dense and α-granule secretion, integrin αIIbβ3 activation, phosphatidylserine expression, and clot retraction. Moreover duloxetine-treated mice had a significantly prolonged occlusion time. Finally, duloxetine was also found to impair hemostasis. Collectively, our data indicate that the antidepressant duloxetine, which is a serotonin-norepinephrine antagonist, exerts antiplatelet and thromboprotective effects and inhibits hemostasis. Consequently, duloxetine, or a rationally designed derivative, presents potential benefits in the context of CVD, including that associated with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A. Lozano
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA; (P.A.L.); (A.B.A.)
| | - Ahmed B. Alarabi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA; (P.A.L.); (A.B.A.)
| | - Sarah E. Garcia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA; (S.E.G.); (E.T.B.); (H.T.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Erica T. Boakye
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA; (S.E.G.); (E.T.B.); (H.T.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Hendreta T. Kingbong
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA; (S.E.G.); (E.T.B.); (H.T.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Elie Naddour
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA; (S.E.G.); (E.T.B.); (H.T.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Daniel Villalobos-García
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA; (D.V.-G.); (P.B.); (M.S.E.-H.)
| | - Precious Badejo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA; (D.V.-G.); (P.B.); (M.S.E.-H.)
| | - Medhat S. El-Halawany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA; (D.V.-G.); (P.B.); (M.S.E.-H.)
| | - Fadi T. Khasawneh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA; (D.V.-G.); (P.B.); (M.S.E.-H.)
- Correspondence: (F.T.K.); (F.Z.A.); Tel.: +1-(361)-221-0755 (F.T.K.); +1-(361)-221-0793 (F.Z.A.)
| | - Fatima Z. Alshbool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA; (P.A.L.); (A.B.A.)
- Correspondence: (F.T.K.); (F.Z.A.); Tel.: +1-(361)-221-0755 (F.T.K.); +1-(361)-221-0793 (F.Z.A.)
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25
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Dang R, Qu B, Guo K, Zhou S, Sun H, Wang W, Han J, Feng K, Lin J, Hu Y. Weighted Co-Expression Network Analysis Identifies RNF181 as a Causal Gene of Coronary Artery Disease. Front Genet 2022; 12:818813. [PMID: 35222523 PMCID: PMC8867041 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.818813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) exerts a global challenge to public health. Genetic heritability is one of the most vital contributing factors in the pathophysiology of CAD. Co-expression network analysis is an applicable and robust method for the interpretation of biological interaction from microarray data. Previous CAD studies have focused on peripheral blood samples since the processes of CAD may vary from tissue to blood. It is therefore necessary to find biomarkers for CAD in heart tissues; their association also requires further illustration. Materials and Methods: To filter for causal genes, an analysis of microarray expression profiles, GSE12504 and GSE22253, was performed with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Co-expression modules were constructed after batch effect removal and data normalization. The results showed that 7 co-expression modules with 8,525 genes and 1,210 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Furthermore, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were conducted. Four major pathways in CAD tissue and hub genes were addressed in the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP) and Human Protein Atlas (HPA), and isoproterenol (ISO)/doxycycline (DOX)-induced heart toxicity models were used to validate the hub genes. Lastly, the hub genes and risk variants were verified in the CAD cohort and in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Results: The results showed that RNF181 and eight other hub genes are perturbed during CAD in heart tissues. Additionally, the expression of RNF181 was validated using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining in two cardiotoxicity mouse models. The association was further verified in the CAD patient cohort and in GWAS. Conclusion: Our findings illustrated for the first time that the E3 ubiquitination ligase protein RNF181 may serve as a potential biomarker in CAD, but further in vivo validation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bojian Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Pharmaceutical Intelligence Platform, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaimin Guo
- GeneNet Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Shuiping Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - He Sun
- GeneNet Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- GeneNet Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Jihong Han
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ke Feng
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Pharmaceutical Intelligence Platform, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Jianping Lin, ; Yunhui Hu,
| | - Yunhui Hu
- GeneNet Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Jianping Lin, ; Yunhui Hu,
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26
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Ajoolabady A, Bi Y, McClements DJ, Lip GYH, Richardson DR, Reiter RJ, Klionsky DJ, Ren J. Melatonin-based therapeutics for atherosclerotic lesions and beyond: Focusing on macrophage mitophagy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 176:106072. [PMID: 35007709 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis refers to a unique form of chronic proinflammatory anomaly of the vasculature, presented as rupture-prone or occlusive lesions in arteries. In advanced stages, atherosclerosis leads to the onset and development of multiple cardiovascular diseases with lethal consequences. Inflammatory cytokines in atherosclerotic lesions contribute to the exacerbation of atherosclerosis. Pharmacotherapies targeting dyslipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, and neutralizing inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-12/23) have displayed proven promises although contradictory results. Moreover, adjuvants such as melatonin, a pluripotent agent with proven anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and neuroprotective properties, also display potentials in alleviating cytokine secretion in macrophages through mitophagy activation. Here, we share our perspectives on this concept and present melatonin-based therapeutics as a means to modulate mitophagy in macrophages and, thereby, ameliorate atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ajoolabady
- University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yaguang Bi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - David J McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Departments of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Jun Ren
- University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
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Kim JS. Posterior Cerebral Artery Disease. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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28
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Vertebrobasilar Disease. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lee SH, Choo KS. The Potential Role of Cardiac CT in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF RADIOLOGY 2022; 83:28-41. [PMID: 36237362 PMCID: PMC9238217 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2021.0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ki Seok Choo
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
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Zhan C, Zhang Y, Liu X, Wu R, Zhang K, Shi W, Shen L, Shen K, Fan X, Ye F, Shen B. MIKB: A manually curated and comprehensive knowledge base for myocardial infarction. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:6098-6107. [PMID: 34900127 PMCID: PMC8626632 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction knowledge base (MIKB; http://www.sysbio.org.cn/mikb/; latest update: December 31, 2020) is an open-access and manually curated database dedicated to integrating knowledge about MI to improve the efficiency of translational MI research. MIKB is an updated and expanded version of our previous MI Risk Knowledge Base (MIRKB), which integrated MI-related risk factors and risk models for providing help in risk assessment or diagnostic prediction of MI. The updated MIRKB includes 9701 records with 2054 single factors, 209 combined factors, 243 risk models, 37 MI subtypes and 3406 interactions between single factors and MIs collected from 4817 research articles. The expanded functional module, i.e. MIGD, is a database including not only MI associated genetic variants, but also the other multi-omics factors and the annotations for their functional alterations. The goal of MIGD is to provide a multi-omics level understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of MI. MIGD includes 1782 omics factors, 28 MI subtypes and 2347 omics factor-MI interactions as well as 1253 genes and 6 chromosomal alterations collected from 2647 research articles. The functions of MI associated genes and their interaction with drugs were analyzed. MIKB will be continuously updated and optimized to provide precision and comprehensive knowledge for the study of heterogeneous and personalized MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoying Zhan
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610212, China
| | - Yingbo Zhang
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610212, China
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Xingyun Liu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610212, China
| | - Rongrong Wu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610212, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610212, China
| | - Wenjing Shi
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610212, China
| | - Li Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610212, China
| | - Ke Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610212, China
| | - Xuemeng Fan
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610212, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610212, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610212, China
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Inhibition of Vascular Smooth Muscle and Cancer Cell Proliferation by New VEGFR Inhibitors and Their Immunomodulator Effect: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8321400. [PMID: 34745424 PMCID: PMC8568530 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8321400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation has an important role in the pathogenesis of both atherosclerosis restenosis and hypertension. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been shown to stimulate VSMC proliferation. In addition, angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancerous growth. VEGF is the key modulator for the initial stages of angiogenesis that acts through the endothelial-specific receptor tyrosine kinases (VEGFRs). VEGFR-2 blockage is a good approach for suppression of angiogenesis. In order to discover novel VEGFR-2 TK inhibitors, we have designed and synthesized three new series of pyridine-containing compounds. The new compounds were all screened against a panel of three cell lines (HepG-2, HCT-116, and MCF-7). Promising results encouraged us to additionally evaluate the most active members for their in vitro VEGFR-2 inhibitory effect. Compound 7a, which is the most potent candidate, revealed a significant increase in caspase-3 level by 7.80-fold when compared to the control. In addition, Bax and Bcl-2 concentration levels showed an increase in the proapoptotic protein Bax (261.4 Pg/ml) and a decrease of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 (1.25 Pg/ml) compared to the untreated cells. Furthermore, compound 7a arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase with induction of apoptosis. The immunomodulatory effect of compound 7a, the most active member, showed a reduction in TNF-α by 87%. Also, compound 7a caused a potent inhibitory effect on smooth muscle proliferation. Docking studies were also performed to get better insights into the possible binding mode of the target compounds with VEGFR-2 active sites.
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Arero AG, Vasheghani-Farahani A, Soltani D. Meta-Analysis of the Usefulness of Beta-Blockers to Reduce the Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease Without Prior Myocardial Infarction or Left Ventricular Dysfunction. Am J Cardiol 2021; 158:23-29. [PMID: 34462051 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Beta-blockers (BBs) are the core of coronary artery disease (CAD) pharmacotherapy and demonstrated a well-established benefit in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (MI). However, the prophylactic role of BBs to affect adverse outcomes in patients with stable CAD, especially among those without a pervious history of MI or left ventricular dysfunction, is not yet addressed. We aimed to determine the effects of beta-blockers on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with stable CAD without prior MI or left ventricular dysfunction. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register for studies published from inception to March 31, 2021. Two researchers independently reviewed the database searches and selected eligible studies. A third reviewer was consulted whenever necessary. A total of 6 studies were included in the final analysis. BBs therapy did not reduce the risk of a MACE (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.20), MI (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.34), and cardiovascular death (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.14). No statistically significant effect was observed between the participants on beta-blocker and control groups. In conclusion, our meta-analysis did not show the benefit of BBs in reducing MACE among patients with stable CAD without previous history of MI or left ventricular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanuel Godana Arero
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center (CPPRC), Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Vasheghani-Farahani
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center (CPPRC), Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Danesh Soltani
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center (CPPRC), Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Petry NJ, Curtis B, Feldhege E, Khan S, Leedahl DD, Breidenbach JL, Hines L. Impact of Automated Best Practice Advisories on Provider Response to CYP2C19 Genotyping Results for Patients on Clopidogrel. J Pharm Pract 2021; 36:487-493. [PMID: 34622701 DOI: 10.1177/08971900211049589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveThe study objective was to examine provider acceptance and genotyping responses to a best practice advisory (BPA) concerning clopidogrel and CYP2C19 intermediate and poor metabolizers within the context of a new pharmacogenomics program at a Midwestern health system. Other secondary objectives analyzed included appropriate BPA firing, the distribution of alleles in study population, indications for clopidogrel use, and impact of indication on therapy change. Methods: In this study, the progress of this program was assessed by quantifying how providers respond to BPAs generated in the electronic medical record (EMR), in the context of a single representative gene-drug-outcome relationship. Patient data was pulled via reports yielding patients with genotyped information in the EMR and cross-referenced with a report evaluating BPA firing occurrences. Results: By capturing antiplatelet therapy changes in response to CYP2C19 genotyping results, 37 patients were found that had 73 BPAs fire. Nine of those patients had alternative antiplatelet therapy ordered. Of these, 6 alternative antiplatelet therapies were ordered from the BPA. Conclusion: Providers utilized BPAs, but responded differently based on individual knowledge of genotypes and indications. Information obtained from this study can be used for provider education and as reference for future design and wording of BPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha J Petry
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, 3323North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.,Imagenetics, 24195Sanford Health, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Breanna Curtis
- Department of Pharmacy, 24195Sanford Health, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Erica Feldhege
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, 3323North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Shahjahan Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, 8191University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | | | | | - Lindsay Hines
- Department of Neuropsychology, 24195Sanford Health, Fargo, ND, USA
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Song Y, Liu X, Luo C, Chen L, Gong L, Yu H, Wang B, Liu E, Xu H, Liang J. Association of GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism with the risk of coronary heart disease: An updated meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254738. [PMID: 34292981 PMCID: PMC8297824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous case-control studies have investigated the association between GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism and CHD risk, but the results from published studies were inconclusive. The present meta-analysis was performed to derive a more precise estimation. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science database searches were conducted to retrieve relevant articles. Results Ultimately, 5,451 CHD cases and 5,561 controls from 15 studies were included. Pooled analysis did not yield any statistically significant association between GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism and CHD risk for the overall population (Val vs. Ile: OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.18; Val/Val vs. Ile/Ile: OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.42; Val/Ile vs. Ile/Ile: OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.28; Val/Val vs. Val/Ile+Ile/Ile: OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.30; Val/Val+Val/Ile vs. Ile/Ile: OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.33). Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses indicated that GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism was still not associated with an increased risk of CHD. After excluding studies detected by Galbraith plots as major sources of heterogeneity, these relationships were still not significant. Conclusions The overall results did not reveal a major role of the GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism in modulating CHD risk. Well-designed studies with large sample sizes are needed to validate our findings and explore the possible gene-gene or gene-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Song
- Department of Disinfection and Pest Control, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Healthcare-associated Infection Management Quality Control Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (YS); (XL)
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Disinfection and Pest Control, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Healthcare-associated Infection Management Quality Control Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (YS); (XL)
| | - Cheng Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Gong
- Department of Disinfection and Pest Control, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Healthcare-associated Infection Management Quality Control Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hanbin Yu
- Department of Disinfection and Pest Control, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Healthcare-associated Infection Management Quality Control Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Disinfection and Pest Control, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Healthcare-associated Infection Management Quality Control Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ernan Liu
- Department of Disinfection and Pest Control, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Healthcare-associated Infection Management Quality Control Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huiqiong Xu
- Department of Disinfection and Pest Control, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Healthcare-associated Infection Management Quality Control Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiansheng Liang
- Department of Disinfection and Pest Control, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Healthcare-associated Infection Management Quality Control Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Taruya A, Tanaka A, Nishiguchi T, Ozaki Y, Kashiwagi M, Yamano T, Matsuo Y, Ino Y, Kitabata H, Takemoto K, Kubo T, Hozumi T, Akasaka T. Lesion characteristics and prognosis of acute coronary syndrome without angiographically significant coronary artery stenosis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 21:202-209. [PMID: 31056642 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS While patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presenting with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) are at high risk for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, detailed lesion characteristics are unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the lesion characteristics and prognosis of ACS with non-obstructive CAD. METHODS AND RESULTS This study consisted of 82 consecutive ACS patients without obstructive CAD who underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT). Based on the presence of high-risk lesions (HL) in the culprit artery, we classified the patients into two groups: HL group and non-high-risk lesions (NHL) group. A systematic clinical follow-up was performed at our outpatient clinic for up to 24 months. Our endpoint was recurrence of ACS with obstructive CAD. OCT revealed that 42 (51.2%) of 82 patients had hidden HL in the culprit artery, including ruptured plaque (15.9%), calcified nodule (11.0%), spontaneous coronary artery dissection (8.5%), lone thrombus (8.5%), thin-cap fibroatheroma (6.1%), and plaque erosion (1.2%). During angiography, 5 (11.9%) HL patients complained of chest pain without ST elevation. Patients in the HL group had poorer prognoses than those in the other groups (P = 0.040). CONCLUSION Hidden high-risk lesions accompany ACS patients without obstructive CAD, resulting in poorer outcomes. Vascular injury itself might provoke acute chest pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Taruya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Nishiguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ozaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Manabu Kashiwagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Matsuo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Hironori Kitabata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Kazushi Takemoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Takashi Kubo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hozumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Takashi Akasaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
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Nishida T, Hiro T, Takayama T, Sudo M, Haruta H, Fukamachi D, Hirayama A, Okumura Y. Clinical significance of microvessels detected by in vivo optical coherence tomography within human atherosclerotic coronary arterial intima: a study with multimodality intravascular imagings. Heart Vessels 2021; 36:756-765. [PMID: 33403471 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-020-01756-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The significance of microvessels within atherosclerotic plaques is not yet fully clarified. Associated with plaque vulnerability. The aim of this study is to examine tissue characteristics of plaque with microvessels detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) by use of a commercially available color-coded intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and coronary angioscopy (CAS). The subjects examined comprised of 44 patients with stable angina pectoris who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Microvessels were defined as a tiny tubule with a diameter of 50-300 µm detected over three or more frames in OCT. We compared the total volume of microvessels with tissue component such as fibrotic, lipidic, necrotic, and calcified volume and the number of yellow plaque. In IVUS analysis, % necrotic volume and % lipidic volume were significantly correlated and % fibrotic volume was inversely significantly correlated with the total volume of microvessel (r = 0.485, p = 0.0009; r = 0.401, p = 0.007; r = - 0.432, p = 0.003, respectively). The number of plaque with an angioscopic yellow grade of two or more was significantly correlated with the total volume of microvessel (r = 0.461, p = 0.002). The greater the luminal volume of microvessels, the more the percent content of necrotic/lipidic tissue volume within plaque and the more the number of yellow plaques. These data suggested that microvessels within coronary plaque might be related to plaque vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Nishida
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hiro
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
| | - Tadateru Takayama
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Sudo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Hironori Haruta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Daisuke Fukamachi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hirayama
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Yasuo Okumura
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
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Janssens GN, Lemkes JS, van der Hoeven NW, van Leeuwen MAH, Everaars H, van de Ven PM, Brinckman SL, Timmer JR, Meuwissen M, Meijers JCM, van der Weerdt AP, Ten Cate TJF, Piek JJ, von Birgelen C, Diletti R, Escaned J, van Rossum AC, Nijveldt R, van Royen N. Transient ST-elevation myocardial infarction versus persistent ST-elevation myocardial infarction. An appraisal of patient characteristics and functional outcome. Int J Cardiol 2021; 336:22-28. [PMID: 34004231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 24% of patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) show resolution of ST-elevation and symptoms before revascularization. The mechanisms of spontaneous reperfusion are unclear. Given the more favorable outcome of transient STEMI, it is important to obtain further insights in differential aspects. METHODS We compared 251 patients who presented with transient STEMI (n = 141) or persistent STEMI (n = 110). Clinical angiographic and laboratory data were collected at admission and in subset of patients additional index hemostatic data and at steady-state follow-up. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) was performed at 2-8 days to assess myocardial injury. RESULTS Transient STEMI patients had more cardiovascular risk factors than STEMI patients, including more arterial disease and higher cholesterol values. Transient STEMI patients showed angiographically more often no intracoronary thrombus (41.1% vs. 2.7%, P < 0.001) and less often a high thrombus burden (9.2% vs. 40.0%, P < 0.001). CMR revealed microvascular obstruction less frequently (4.2% vs. 34.6%, P < 0.001) and smaller infarct size [1.4%; interquartile range (IQR), 0.0-3.7% vs. 8.8%; IQR, 3.9-17.1% of the left ventricle, P < 0.001] with a better preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (57.8 ± 6.7% vs. 52.5 ± 7.6%, P < 0.001). At steady state, fibrinolysis was higher in transient STEMI, as demonstrated with a reduced clot lysis time (89 ± 20% vs. 99 ± 25%, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Transient STEMI is a syndrome with less angiographic thrombus burden and spontaneous infarct artery reperfusion, resulting in less myocardial injury than STEMI. The presence of a more effective fibrinolysis in transient STEMI patients may explain these differences and might provide clues for future treatment of STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladys N Janssens
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jorrit S Lemkes
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nina W van der Hoeven
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten A H van Leeuwen
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Isala Heart Center, Dokter van Heesweg 2, 8025AB Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - Henk Everaars
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter M van de Ven
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stijn L Brinckman
- Department of Cardiology, Tergooi Hospital, Rijksstraatweg 1, 1261AN Blaricum, the Netherlands
| | - Jorik R Timmer
- Department of Cardiology, Isala Heart Center, Dokter van Heesweg 2, 8025AB Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn Meuwissen
- Department of Cardiology, Amphia Hospital, Molengracht 21, 4818CK Breda, the Netherlands
| | - Joost C M Meijers
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arno P van der Weerdt
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Henri Dunantweg 2, 8934AD Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Tim J F Ten Cate
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan J Piek
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Clemens von Birgelen
- Department of Cardiology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Koningsplein 1, 7512KZ Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Roberto Diletti
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, 's Gravendijkwal 230, 3015CE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Javier Escaned
- Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos IDISSC, Calle del Profesor Martín Lagos, S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert C van Rossum
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robin Nijveldt
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels van Royen
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Zhou S, Liu S, Liu X, Zhuang W. Bioinformatics Gene Analysis of Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Unstable Atherosclerotic Plaque-Related Stroke. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 71:1031-1045. [PMID: 33155176 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaque instability is a major cause of ischemic stroke. Researchers must develop novel strategies for the detection and treatment of unstable atherosclerotic plaque (UAP)-related stroke. We aimed to identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of UAP-related stroke. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of UAP, ischemic stroke and smoking were identified by microarray analyses from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway functional enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed to analyze plaque destabilization and ischemic stroke physiopathology. An integrative analysis of UAP, ischemic stroke and smoking DEGs and functional annotations was performed to identify the underlying physiopathology and hub genes in UAP-related stroke and the relationship with smoking. Online search databases were applied to confirm hub gene biofunctions and their relationships with atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular diseases. Following integrative analysis, 18 co-DEGs of UAP and ischemic stroke, including 17 upregulated and one downregulated, were identified. Inflammation, immunity, extracellular matrix degradation, blood coagulation, apoptosis and nerve degeneration were the primary physiopathological processes in UAP-related stroke. Hub genes included MMP9, ITGAM, CCR1, NCF2 and CD163, among which MMP9 and ITGAM were top 10 genes for both UAP and stroke. Smoking may upregulate MMP9, NCF2, C5AR1 and ANPEP to accelerate plaque destabilization and UAP-related stroke. MMP9, ITGAM, CCR1, NCF2, CD163, hsa-miR-3123 and hsa-miR-144-3p are potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of UAP-related stroke. MMP9 and ITGAM are potential therapeutic targets of UAP-related stroke, which will contribute to the development of novel management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojiong Zhou
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Neurology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57, ChangPing Road, JinPing District, ShanTou City, 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Neurology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57, ChangPing Road, JinPing District, ShanTou City, 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Neurology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57, ChangPing Road, JinPing District, ShanTou City, 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weiduan Zhuang
- Neurology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57, ChangPing Road, JinPing District, ShanTou City, 515041, Guangdong Province, China.
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Lee HI, Rhim WK, Kang EY, Choi B, Kim JH, Han DK. A Multilayer Functionalized Drug-Eluting Balloon for Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:614. [PMID: 33922861 PMCID: PMC8146216 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-eluting balloons (DEBs) have been mostly exploited as an interventional remedy for treating atherosclerosis instead of cardiovascular stents. However, the therapeutic efficacy of DEB is limited due to their low drug delivery capability to the disease site. The aim of our study was to load drugs onto a balloon catheter with preventing drug loss during transition time and maximizing drug transfer from the surface of DEBs to the cardiovascular wall. For this, a multilayer-coated balloon catheter, composed of PVP/Drug-loaded liposome/PVP, was suggested. The hydrophilic property of 1st layer, PVP, helps to separate drug layer in hydrophilic blood vessel, and the 2nd layer with Everolimus (EVL)-loaded liposome facilitates drug encapsulation and sustained release to the targeted lesions during inflation time. Additionally, a 3rd layer with PVP can protect the inner layer during transition time for preventing drug loss. The deionized water containing 20% ethanol was utilized to hydrate EVL-loaded liposome for efficient coating processes. The coating materials showed negligible toxicity in the cells and did not induce pro-inflammatory cytokine in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMCs), even in case of inflammation induction through LPS. The results of hemocompatibility for coating materials exhibited that protein adsorption and platelet adhesion somewhat decreased with multilayer-coated materials as compared to bare Nylon tubes. The ex vivo experiments to confirm the feasibility of further applications of multilayer-coated strategy as a DEB system demonstrated efficient drug transfer of approximately 65% in the presence of the 1st layer, to the tissue in 60 s after treatment. Taken together, a functional DEB platform with such a multilayer coating approach would be widely utilized for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dong-Keun Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13488, Gyenggi, Korea; (H.-I.L.); (W.-K.R.); (E.-Y.K.); (B.C.); (J.-H.K.)
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Siepmann R, Nilius H, Mueller F, Mueller K, Luisi C, Dadfar SM, Straub M, Schulz V, Reinartz SD. Image-derived mean velocity measurement for prediction of coronary flow reserve in a canonical stenosis phantom using magnetic particle imaging. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249697. [PMID: 33886607 PMCID: PMC8061921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aim of this study is to evaluate whether magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is capable of measuring velocities occurring in the coronary arteries and to compute coronary flow reserve (CFR) in a canonical phantom as a preliminary study. METHODS For basic velocity measurements, a circulation phantom was designed containing replaceable glass tubes with three varying inner diameters, matching coronary-vessel diameters. Standardised boluses of superparamagnetic-iron-oxide-nanoparticles were injected and visualised by MPI. Two image-based techniques were competitively applied to calibrate the respective glass tube and to compute the mean velocity: full-duration-at-half-maximum (FDHM) and tracer dilution (TD) method. For CFR-calculation, four necessary settings of the circulation model of a virtual vessel with an inner diameter of 4 mm were generated using differently sized glass tubes and a stenosis model. The respective velocities in stenotic glass tubes were computed without recalibration. RESULTS On velocity level, comparison showed a good agreement (rFDHM = 0.869, rTD = 0.796) between techniques, preferably better for 4 mm and 6 mm inner diameter glass tubes. On CFR level MPI-derived CFR-prediction performed considerably inferior with a relative error of 20-44%. CONCLUSIONS MPI has the ability to reliably measure coronary blood velocities at rest as well as under hyperaemia and therefore may be suitable for CFR calculation. Calibration-associated accuracy of CFR-measurements has to be improved substantially in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Siepmann
- Physics of Molecular Imaging Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Henning Nilius
- Physics of Molecular Imaging Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Florian Mueller
- Physics of Molecular Imaging Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katrin Mueller
- Physics of Molecular Imaging Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Claudio Luisi
- Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Marcel Straub
- Physics of Molecular Imaging Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Volkmar Schulz
- Physics of Molecular Imaging Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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A new approach to cardiac fat volume assessment and the correlation with coronary artery calcification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 58:81-91. [PMID: 32097122 DOI: 10.2478/rjim-2020-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the foremost cause of death in the most developed societies. Plaque formation in epicardial coronary arteries and ensuing inflammation are a known pathophysiologic factor of CAD. OBJECTIVES We aimed to separately and simultaneously evaluate the correlation between pericardial fat pad volume and overall peri-coronary epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness with coronary calcium score (CCS) to improve risk stratification of CAD. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent a non-invasive contrast-enhanced coronary multidetector CT (MDCT) angiography. Peri-coronary EAT thickness, pericardial fat pad volume and CCS were obtained by an expert radiologist from the patients coronary multidetector CT (MDCT) angiography. RESULTS We included 141 symptomatic patients (86 men, 55 women) with an average age of 53.53 ± 12.92. An increment of overall peri-coronary EAT thickness (1/3 × (left anterior descending artery (LAD) + left circumflex artery (LCx) + right coronary artery (RCA)) was associated with a 49% increase in the odds for the presence of coronary artery calcification (CAC) (P = 0.004). Significant predictability of peri-coronary EAT-average was seen in diagnosing calcified plaque. Pericardial fat pad volume was positively correlated with overall peri-coronary EAT thickness in age and body mass index (BMI)-adjusted linear regression models, (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our results amplify previous idea that peri-coronary EAT and pericardial fat pad volume might act as useful markers and better indicators of CCS based on Agatston score in comparison with BMI or body weight in order to reveal subsequent CADs.
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Chacón-Diaz M, Rodríguez Olivares R, Miranda Noé D, Custodio-Sánchez P, Montesinos Cárdenas A, Yábar Galindo G, Rotta Rotta A, Isla Bazán R, Rojas de la Cuba P, Llerena Navarro N, López Rojas M, García Cárdenas M, Hernández Vásquez A. [Treatment of acute myocardial infarction in Peru and its relationship with in-hospital adverse events: results from the second peruvian registry of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (PERSTEMI-II).]. ARCHIVOS PERUANOS DE CARDIOLOGIA Y CIRUGIA CARDIOVASCULAR 2021; 2:86-95. [PMID: 37727802 PMCID: PMC10506574 DOI: 10.47487/apcyccv.v2i2.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Background ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and myocardial reperfusion, when adequate, reduces the complications of this entity. The aim of the study was to describe the clinical and treatment characteristics of STEMI in Peru and the relationship of successful reperfusion with in-hospital adverse events. Materials and methods Prospective, multicenter cohort of STEMI patients attended during 2020 in public hospitals in Peru. We evaluated the clinical, therapeutic characteristics and in-hospital adverse events, also the relationship between successful reperfusion and adverse events. Results A total of 374 patients were included, 69.5% in Lima and Callao. Fibrinolysis was used in 37% of cases (pharmacoinvasive 26% and fibrinolysis alone 11%), primary angioplasty with < 12 hours of evolution in 20%, late angioplasty in 9% and 34% did not access adequate reperfusion therapies, mainly due to late presentation. Ischemia time was longer in patients with primary angioplasty compared to fibrinolysis (median 7.7 hours (RIQ 5-10) and 4 hours (RIQ 2.3-5.5) respectively). Mortality was 8.5%, the incidence of post-infarction heart failure was 27.8% and of cardiogenic shock 11.5%. Successful reperfusion was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality (RR:0.28; 95%CI: 0.12-0.66, p=0.003) and lower incidence of heart failure during hospitalization (RR: 0.61; 95%CI: 0.43-0.85, p=0.004). Conclusions Fibrinolysis continues to be the most frequent reperfusion therapy in public hospitals in Peru. Shorter ischemia-to-reperfusion time was associated with reperfusion success, and in turn with fewer in-hospital adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Chacón-Diaz
- Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular INCOR, EsSalud. Lima, PerúInstituto Nacional Cardiovascular INCOR, EsSaludLimaPerú
| | - René Rodríguez Olivares
- Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular INCOR, EsSalud. Lima, PerúInstituto Nacional Cardiovascular INCOR, EsSaludLimaPerú
| | - David Miranda Noé
- Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular INCOR, EsSalud. Lima, PerúInstituto Nacional Cardiovascular INCOR, EsSaludLimaPerú
| | - Piero Custodio-Sánchez
- Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo, EsSalud. Chiclayo, PerúHospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo, EsSaludChiclayoPerú
| | - Alexander Montesinos Cárdenas
- Hospital Nacional Adolfo Guevara Velasco, EsSalud. Cusco, PerúHospital Nacional Adolfo Guevara Velasco, EsSaludCuscoPerú
| | - Germán Yábar Galindo
- Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara, EsSalud. Lima, PerúHospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara, EsSaludLimaPerú
| | - Aida Rotta Rotta
- Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia, MINSA. Lima, Perú.Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia, MINSALimaPerú
| | - Roger Isla Bazán
- Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal, EsSalud. Callao, Perú.Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal, EsSaludCallaoPerú
| | - Paol Rojas de la Cuba
- Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara, EsSalud. Lima, PerúHospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara, EsSaludLimaPerú
| | - Nassip Llerena Navarro
- Hospital Nacional Carlos Alberto Seguín Escobedo, EsSalud. Arequipa, Perú.Hospital Nacional Carlos Alberto Seguín Escobedo, EsSaludArequipaPerú
| | - Marcos López Rojas
- Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal, EsSalud. Callao, Perú.Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal, EsSaludCallaoPerú
| | | | - Akram Hernández Vásquez
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola. Lima, PerúUniversidad San Ignacio de LoyolaUniversidad San Ignacio de LoyolaLimaPeru
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Muruganantham S, Krishnaswami V, Alagarsamy S, Kandasamy R. Anti-platelet Drug-loaded Targeted Technologies for the Effective Treatment of Atherothrombosis. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:399-419. [PMID: 33109044 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666201027125303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherothrombosis results from direct interaction between atherosclerotic plaque and arterial thrombosis and is the most common type of cardiovascular disease. As a long term progressive disease, atherosclerosis frequently results in an acute atherothrombotic event through plaque rupture and platelet-rich thrombus formation. The pathophysiology of atherothrombosis involves cholesterol accumulation endothelial dysfunction, dyslipidemia, immuno-inflammatory, and apoptotic aspects. Platelet activation and aggregation is the major cause for stroke because of its roles, including thrombus, contributing to atherosclerotic plaque, and sealing off the bleeding vessel. Platelet aggregates are associated with arterial blood pressure and cardiovascular ischemic events. Under normal physiological conditions, when a blood vessel is damaged, the task of platelets within the circulation is to arrest the blood loss. Antiplatelet inhibits platelet function, thereby decreasing thrombus formation with complementary modes of action to prevent atherothrombosis. In the present scientific scenario, researchers throughout the world are focusing on the development of novel drug delivery systems to enhance patient's compliance. Immediate responding pharmaceutical formulations become an emerging trend in the pharmaceutical industries with better patient compliance. The proposed review provides details related to the molecular pathogenesis of atherothrombosis and recent novel formulation approaches to treat atherothrombosis with particular emphasis on commercial formulation and upcoming technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvakumar Muruganantham
- Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research (CENTRE), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkateshwaran Krishnaswami
- Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research (CENTRE), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugarathinam Alagarsamy
- Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research (CENTRE), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ruckmani Kandasamy
- Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research (CENTRE), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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An updated meta-analysis showed smoking modify the association of GSTM1 null genotype on the risk of coronary heart disease. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227694. [PMID: 33506866 PMCID: PMC7881159 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzymes play important roles in antioxidant defenses and may influence CHD risk. The present meta-analysis was performed to investigate the link between glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) null genotype and CHD and to get a precise evaluation of interaction between GSTM1 null genotype and smoking by the case-only design. Methods PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched through 15 December 2020 to retrieve articles. Odds ratios (ORs) were pooled using either fixed-effects or random-effects models. Results Thirty-seven studies showed that GSTM1 null genotype was associated with risk of CHD in total population, Caucasians and Asians (for total population, OR = 1.38, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15, 1.65; for Caucasians, OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.72; for Asians, OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.77). After adjustment for heterogeneity, these relationships were still significant. After adjustment for heterogeneity, case-only analysis of 11 studies showed a positive multiplicative interaction between GSTM1 null genotype and smoking (ever smoking vs. never smoking) (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.50; I2 = 0%, P=0.553). Conclusions The overall results indicated that GSTM1 null genotype was associated with a higher risk of CHD, and the association may be affected by smoking status. This is the first meta-analysis to prove a positive effect of the interaction between GSTM1 null genotype and smoking status on the risk of CHD. Well-designed studies are needed to investigate the possible gene–gene or gene–environment interactions.
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Kaur A, Mackin ST, Schlosser K, Wong FL, Elharram M, Delles C, Stewart DJ, Dayan N, Landry T, Pilote L. Systematic review of microRNA biomarkers in acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 116:1113-1124. [PMID: 31782762 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to assess dysregulated miRNA biomarkers in coronary artery disease (CAD). Dysregulated microRNA (miRNAs) have been shown to be linked to cardiovascular pathologies including CAD and may have utility as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. We compared miRNAs identified in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) compared with stable CAD and control populations. We conducted a systematic search of controlled vocabulary and free text terms related to ACS, stable CAD and miRNA in Biosis Previews (OvidSP), The Cochrane Library (Wiley), Embase (OvidSP), Global Health (OvidSP), Medline (PubMed and OvidSP), Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), and ClinicalTrials.gov which yielded 7370 articles. Of these, 140 original articles were appropriate for data extraction. The most frequently reported miRNAs in any CAD (miR-1, miR-133a, miR-208a/b, and miR-499) are expressed abundantly in the heart and play crucial roles in cardiac physiology. In studies comparing ACS cases with stable CAD patients, miR-21, miR-208a/b, miR-133a/b, miR-30 family, miR-19, and miR-20 were most frequently reported to be dysregulated in ACS. While a number of miRNAs feature consistently across studies in their expression in both ACS and stable CAD, when compared with controls, certain miRNAs were reported as biomarkers specifically in ACS (miR-499, miR-1, miR-133a/b, and miR-208a/b) and stable CAD (miR-215, miR-487a, and miR-502). Thus, miR-21, miR-133, and miR-499 appear to have the most potential as biomarkers to differentiate the diagnosis of ACS from stable CAD, especially miR-499 which showed a correlation between the level of their concentration gradient and myocardial damage. Although these miRNAs are potential diagnostic biomarkers, these findings should be interpreted with caution as the majority of studies conducted predefined candidate-driven assessments of a limited number of miRNAs (PROSPERO registration: CRD42017079744).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanpreet Kaur
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 5252 de Maisonneuve West, 2B.39, Montreal QC H4A 3S5, Canada
| | - Sharon T Mackin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kenny Schlosser
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Fui Lin Wong
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Malik Elharram
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christian Delles
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Natalie Dayan
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 5252 de Maisonneuve West, 2B.39, Montreal QC H4A 3S5, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Tara Landry
- Medical Library, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Louise Pilote
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 5252 de Maisonneuve West, 2B.39, Montreal QC H4A 3S5, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
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Association of human platelet alloantigens encoding gene polymorphisms with the risk of Coronary artery disease in Iranian patients. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:68. [PMID: 33530946 PMCID: PMC7856748 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-01892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by narrowing/ blockade of coronary arteries that is mainly caused by atherosclerotic plaques. Considering the involvement of platelet abnormalities, such as defective aggregation and adhesion, in the cardiovascular-related disorders, genetic variations in human platelet alloantigens (HPA) have been implicated in the CAD susceptibility. Herein, we intended to determine the association of HPA-1 to -6, -9, and -15 biallelic polymorphisms with CAD in an Iranian population. Methods In this retrospective case–control study, 200 CAD subjects and 100 matched healthy individuals were enrolled. DNA samples were isolated from peripheral blood samples and genotyping of HPA polymorphisms was accomplished using polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers. Results The alleles and genotypes of studied HPA polymorphisms were equally distributed among cases and controls and therefore no statistically significant differences were detected. Univariate analysis identified no association of combined haplotypes with CAD risk. However, multivariate analysis showed a positive association of the HPA1b/2a/3b haplotype with CAD after adjustment for some covariates (including BMI, TG, LDL, FBS and blood pressure) that conferred a CAD susceptibility haplotype (P = 0.015; OR = 2.792; 95% CI 1.45–8.59). Conclusions Although alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes of HPA polymorphisms were not associated with CAD risk, HPA1b/2a/3b haplotype was found to be a dependent disease risk haplotype in Iranian population after correcting for confounding factors.
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Bertsimas D, Orfanoudaki A, Weiner RB. Personalized treatment for coronary artery disease patients: a machine learning approach. Health Care Manag Sci 2020; 23:482-506. [DOI: 10.1007/s10729-020-09522-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhang YH, Pan X, Zeng T, Chen L, Huang T, Cai YD. Identifying the RNA signatures of coronary artery disease from combined lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles. Genomics 2020; 112:4945-4958. [PMID: 32919019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cardiovascular disease. CAD research has greatly progressed during the past decade. mRNA is a traditional and popular pipeline to investigate various disease, including CAD. Compared with mRNA, lncRNA has better stability and thus may serve as a better disease indicator in blood. Investigating potential CAD-related lncRNAs and mRNAs will greatly contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of CAD. In this study, a computational analysis was conducted on patients with CAD by using a comprehensive transcription dataset with combined mRNA and lncRNA expression data. Several machine learning algorithms, including feature selection methods and classification algorithms, were applied to screen for the most CAD-related RNA molecules. Decision rules were also reported to provide a quantitative description about the effect of these RNA molecules on CAD progression. These new findings (CAD-related RNA molecules and rules) can help understand mRNA and lncRNA expression levels in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Xiaoyong Pan
- Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, 200240 Shanghai, China.
| | - Tao Zeng
- Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Tao Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Yu-Dong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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49
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Singh A, Coulter AR, Trainor PJ, Singam NSV, Aladili BN, Amraotkar AR, Owolabi US, DeFilippis AP. Flow cytometric evaluation of platelet-leukocyte conjugate stability over time: methodological implications of sample handling and processing. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 51:120-128. [PMID: 32557223 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Platelet activation and subsequent aggregation is a vital component of atherothrombosis resulting in acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, quantifying platelet aggregation is a valuable measure for elucidating the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Circulating platelet-monocyte conjugates (PMC) as determined by flow cytometry (FCM) are an important measure of in vivo platelet aggregation. However, the influence of sample handling on FCM measurement of PMC is not well-studied. The changes in FCM measurement of PMC with variation in sample handling techniques were evaluated. The stability of PMC concentrations over time with changes in fixation and immunolabeling intervals was assessed. The effect of Time-to-Fix and Time-to-Stain on FCM PMC measurements was investigated in five healthy volunteers. Time-to-Fix (i.e., interval between phlebotomy and sample fixation) was performed at 3, 30, and 60 min. Time-to-Stain (i.e., time of fixed sample storage to staining) was performed at 1, 24, and 48 h. Increasing Time-to-Stain from 1 to 24 or 48 h resulted in lower PMC measures (p < 0.0001). A statistically significant difference in PMC measurement with increasing Time-to-Fix was not observed (p < 0.41). Postponement of sample staining has deleterious effects on the measurement of PMC via FCM. Delays in immunolabeling of fixed samples compromised measurement of PMC by 30% over the first 24 h. Staining/FCM should be completed within an hour of collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Singh
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA. .,University of Louisville, Delia Baxter Biomedical Research Building, 580 South Preston Street, Rm. 307, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| | - Amanda R Coulter
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Patrick J Trainor
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.,Applied Statistics, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Narayana Sarma V Singam
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Bahjat N Aladili
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Alok R Amraotkar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Ugochukwu S Owolabi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Andrew P DeFilippis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.,Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Jewish Hospital Rudd Heart & Lung Center, University of Louisville, 550 South Jackson Street, ACB 3rd Floor, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
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50
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Dharma S. Double Antithrombotic versus Triple Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Acute Coronary Syndrome. Int J Angiol 2020; 29:81-87. [PMID: 32476809 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1702208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In atrial fibrillation (AF), oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy with either vitamin K antagonist or non-vitamin K antagonist is used to prevent thromboembolic complications. In patients who presented with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and were treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and a P2Y 12 inhibitor reduces major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) and stent thrombosis. Consequently, in patients with AF who presented with ACS and were treated by PCI, the combination of OAC and DAPT, the so-called triple antithrombotic therapy (TAT) is needed to improve the outcome of the patients. However, the use of TAT increases the risk of bleeding. Several randomized clinical trials and a meta-analysis evaluated the use of TAT and double antithrombotic therapy (DAT) in this population, and DAT is defined as patients who receive combination of one antiplatelet and OAC. In general, the studies demonstrated a reduction in bleeding event in patients who received DAT as compared with TAT, with similar incidence of thromboembolic complications and MACE. To date, there is no established consensus or guideline for the most appropriate combination of antithrombotic agents in patients with AF and ACS who undergo PCI. Tailoring the treatment for each individual is likely the best approach to determine the balance of bleeding risk and ischemic events before starting antithrombotic therapy. Future trials with adequate sample size are needed to find the most appropriate combination of antiplatelet and OAC in patients with AF who presented with ACS and treated by PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Dharma
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Indonesian Cardiovascular Research Center, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
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