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Shah T, Qin S, Vashi M, Predescu DN, Jeganathan N, Bardita C, Ganesh B, diBartolo S, Fogg LF, Balk RA, Predescu SA. Alk5/Runx1 signaling mediated by extracellular vesicles promotes vascular repair in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clin Transl Med 2018; 7:19. [PMID: 29931538 PMCID: PMC6013417 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-018-0197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary endothelial cells’ (ECs) injury and apoptotic death are necessary and sufficient for the pathogenesis of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), regardless of epithelial damage. Interaction of dysfunctional ECs with circulatory extracellular vesicles (EVs) holds therapeutic promise in ARDS. However, the presence in the blood of long-term ARDS survivors of EVs with a distinct phenotype compared to the EVs of non-surviving patients is not reported. With a multidisciplinary translational approach, we studied EVs from the blood of 33 patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS. Results The EVs were isolated from the blood of ARDS and control subjects. Immunoblotting and magnetic beads immunoisolation complemented by standardized flow cytometry and nanoparticles tracking analyses identified in the ARDS patients a subset of EVs with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) origin (CD73+CD105+Cd34−CD45−). These EVs have 4.7-fold greater counts compared to controls and comprise the transforming growth factor-beta receptor I (TβRI)/Alk5 and the Runx1 transcription factor. Time course analyses showed that the expression pattern of two Runx1 isoforms is critical for ARDS outcome: the p52 isoform shows a continuous expression, while the p66 is short-lived. A high ratio Runx1p66/p52 provided a survival advantage, regardless of age, sex, disease severity or length of stay in the intensive care unit. Moreover, the Runx1p66 isoform is transiently expressed by cultured human bone marrow-derived MSCs, it is released in the EVs recoverable from the conditioned media and stimulates the proliferation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated ECs. The findings are consistent with a causal effect of Runx1p66 expression on EC proliferation. Furthermore, morphological and functional assays showed that the EVs bearing the Runx1p66 enhanced junctional integrity of LPS-injured ECs and decreased lung histological severity in the LPS-treated mice. Conclusions The expression pattern of Runx1 isoforms might be a reliable circulatory biomarker of ARDS activity and a novel determinant of the molecular mechanism for lung vascular/tissue repair and recovery after severe injury. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40169-018-0197-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trushil Shah
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1750W Harrison St. 1535 JS, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Mona Vashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1750W Harrison St. 1535 JS, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Dan N Predescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1750W Harrison St. 1535 JS, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Niranjan Jeganathan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1750W Harrison St. 1535 JS, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Cristina Bardita
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Salvatore diBartolo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1750W Harrison St. 1535 JS, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Louis F Fogg
- College of Nursing, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert A Balk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1750W Harrison St. 1535 JS, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Sanda A Predescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1750W Harrison St. 1535 JS, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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Jeganathan N, Predescu D, Predescu S. Intersectin-1s deficiency in pulmonary pathogenesis. Respir Res 2017; 18:168. [PMID: 28874189 PMCID: PMC5585975 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intersectin-1s (ITSN-1s), a multidomain adaptor protein, plays a vital role in endocytosis, cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell signaling. Recent studies have demonstrated that deficiency of ITSN-1s is a crucial early event in pulmonary pathogenesis. In lung cancer, ITSN-1s deficiency impairs Eps8 ubiquitination and favors Eps8-mSos1 interaction which activates Rac1 leading to enhanced lung cancer cell proliferation, migration and metastasis. Restoring ITSN-1s deficiency in lung cancer cells facilitates cytoskeleton changes favoring mesenchymal to epithelial transformation and impairs lung cancer progression. ITSN-1s deficiency in acute lung injury leads to impaired endocytosis which leads to ubiquitination and degradation of growth factor receptors such as Alk5. This deficiency is counterbalanced by microparticles which, via paracrine effects, transfer Alk5/TGFβRII complex to non-apoptotic cells. In the presence of ITSN-1s deficiency, Alk5-restored cells signal via Erk1/2 MAPK pathway leading to restoration and repair of lung architecture. In inflammatory conditions such as pulmonary artery hypertension, ITSN-1s full length protein is cleaved by granzyme B into EHITSN and SH3A-EITSN fragments. The EHITSN fragment leads to pulmonary cell proliferation via activation of p38 MAPK and Elk-1/c-Fos signaling. In vivo, ITSN-1s deficient mice transduced with EHITSN plasmid develop pulmonary vascular obliteration and plexiform lesions consistent with pathological findings seen in severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. These novel findings have significantly contributed to understanding the mechanisms and pathogenesis involved in pulmonary pathology. As demonstrated in these studies, genetically modified ITSN-1s expression mouse models will be a valuable tool to further advance our understanding of pulmonary pathology and lead to novel targets for treating these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dan Predescu
- Department of Pharmacology and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rush University, 1750 W. Harrison Street, 1415 Jelke, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Sanda Predescu
- Department of Pharmacology and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rush University Medical Center and Rush Medical College, 1750 W. Harrison Street, 1535 Jelke, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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Jiang Y, Zeng Y, Huang X, Qin Y, Luo W, Xiang S, Sooranna SR, Pinhu L. Nur77 attenuates endothelin-1 expression via downregulation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK in A549 cells and in an ARDS rat model. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L1023-L1035. [PMID: 27765761 PMCID: PMC5206403 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00043.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by inflammatory injury to the alveolar and capillary barriers that results in impaired gas exchange and severe acute respiratory failure. Nuclear orphan receptor Nur77 has emerged as a regulator of gene expression in inflammation, and its role in the pathogenesis of ARDS is not clear. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential role of Nur77 and its underlying mechanism in the regulation of endothelin-1 (ET-1) expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced A549 cells and an ARDS rat model. We demonstrate that LPS induced Nur77 expression and nuclear export in A549 cells. Overexpression of Nur77 markedly decreased basal and LPS-induced ET-1 expression in A549 cells, whereas knockdown of Nur77 increased the ET-1 expression. LPS-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK were blocked by Nur77 overexpression and augmented by Nur77 knockdown in A549 cells. In vivo, LPS induced Nur77 expression in lung in ARDS rats. Pharmacological activation of Nur77 by cytosporone B (CsnB) inhibited ET-1 expression in ARDS rats, decreased LPS-induced phosphorylation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK, and relieved lung, liver, and kidney injury. Pharmacological deactivation of Nur77 by 1,1-bis-(3'-indolyl)-1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)methane (DIM-C-pPhOH, C-DIM8) had no effect on ET-1 expression and lung injury. These results indicated that Nur77 decreases ET-1 expression by suppressing NF-κB and p38 MAPK in LPS-stimulated A549 cells in vitro, and, in an LPS-induced ARDS rat model, CsnB reduced ET-1 expression and lung injury in ARDS rats.
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MESH Headings
- A549 Cells
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Animals
- Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Endothelin-1/metabolism
- Kidney/drug effects
- Kidney/pathology
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/pathology
- Lung/drug effects
- Lung/metabolism
- Male
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/agonists
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/metabolism
- Phenylacetates/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome/enzymology
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome/genetics
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome/pathology
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Xia Huang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
| | - Yueqiu Qin
- Department of Digestive, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China; Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | | | - Shulin Xiang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, the People's Hospital of Guangxi, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Suren R Sooranna
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdon; and
| | - Liao Pinhu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
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