1
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Naskar K, Mukherjee S, Ghosh S, Adhikari S. Coupled 3D ( J ≥ 0) Time-Dependent Wave Packet Calculation for the F + H 2 Reaction on Accurate Ab Initio Multi-State Diabatic Potential Energy Surfaces. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:1438-1456. [PMID: 38359800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c05590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
We had calculated adiabatic potential energy surfaces (PESs), nonadiabatic, and spin-orbit (SO) coupling terms among the lowest three electronic states (12A', 22A', and 12A″) of the F + H2 system using the multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) level of theory, and the adiabatic-to-diabatic transformation equations were solved to formulate the diabatic Hamiltonian matrix [J. Chem. Phys. 2020, 153, 174301] for the entire region of the nuclear configuration space. The accuracy of such diabatic PESs is explored by performing scattering calculations to evaluate integral cross sections (ICSs) and rate constants. The nonadiabatic and SO effects are studied by utilizing coupled 3D time-dependent wave packet formalism with zero and nonzero total angular momentum on multiple adiabatic/diabatic surfaces calculation. We depict the convergence profiles of reaction probabilities for the reactive as well as nonreactive processes on various electronic states at different collision energies with respect to total angular momentum including all helicity quantum numbers. Finally, total ICSs are calculated as functions of collision energies for the initial rovibrational state (v = 0, j = 0) of the H2 molecule along with the temperature-dependent rate coefficient, where those quantities are compared with previous theoretical and experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Naskar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Satrajit Adhikari
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
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2
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Liu S, Chen J, Zhang X, Zhang DH. Feshbach resonances in the F + CHD 3 → HF + CD 3 reaction. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7973-7979. [PMID: 37502322 PMCID: PMC10370578 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02629a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The signature of dynamics resonances was observed in the benchmark polyatomic F + CH4/CHD3 reactions more than a decade ago; however, the dynamical origin of the resonances is still not clear due to the lack of reliable quantum dynamics studies on accurate potential energy surfaces. Here, we report a six-dimensional state-to-state quantum dynamics study on the F + CHD3 → HF + CD3 reaction on a highly accurate potential energy surface. Pronounced oscillatory structures are observed in the total and product rovibrational-state-resolved reaction probabilities. Detailed analysis reveals that these oscillating features originate from the Feshbach resonance states trapped in the peculiar well on the HF(v' = 3)-CD3 vibrationally adiabatic potential caused by HF chemical bond softening. Most of the resonance structures on the reaction probabilities are washed out in the well converged integral cross sections (ICS), leaving only one distinct peak at low collision energy. The calculated HF vibrational state-resolved ICS for CD3(v = 0) agrees quantitatively with the experimental results, especially the branching ratio, but the theoretical CD3 umbrella vibration state distribution is found to be much hotter than the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Xiaoren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Dong H Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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3
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Golibrzuch K, Walpole V, Schönemann AM, Wodtke AM. Generation of Sub-nanosecond H Atom Pulses for Scattering from Single-Crystal Epitaxial Graphene. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8101-8110. [PMID: 36244013 PMCID: PMC9639161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c05364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Pulsed molecular beams allow high-density gas samples
to be cooled
to low internal temperatures and to produce narrow speed distributions.
They are particularly useful in combination with pulsed-laser-based
detection schemes and have also been used as pump pulses in pump–probe
experiments with neutral matter. The mechanical response of pulsed
valves and chopper wheels limits the duration of these pulses typically
to about 10–100 μs. Bunch compression photolysis has
been proposed as a means to produce atomic pulses shorter than 1 ns—an
experimental capability that would allow new measurements to be made
on chemical systems. This technique employs a spatially chirped femtosecond
duration photolysis pulse that produced an ensemble of H atom photoproducts
that rebunches into a short pulse downstream. To date, this technique
could not produce strong enough beams to allow new experiments to
be carried out. In this paper, we report production of pulsed H atom
beams consistent with a 700 ps pulse duration and with sufficient
intensity to carry out differentially resolved inelastic H scattering
experiments from a graphene surface. We observe surprisingly narrow
angular distributions for H atoms incident normal to the surface.
At low incidence energies quasi-elastic scattering dominates, and
at high incidence energy we observe a strongly inelastic scattering
channel. These results provide the basis for future experiments where
the H atoms synchronously collide with a pulsed-laser-excited surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Golibrzuch
- Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Faßberg 11, and Institute for Physical Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077Göttingen, Germany
| | - Victoria Walpole
- Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Faßberg 11, and Institute for Physical Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Schönemann
- Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Faßberg 11, and Institute for Physical Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alec M. Wodtke
- Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Faßberg 11, and Institute for Physical Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077Göttingen, Germany
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4
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Naskar K, Ghosh S, Adhikari S. Accurate Calculation of Rate Constant and Isotope Effect for the F + H 2 Reaction by the Coupled 3D Time-Dependent Wave Packet Method on the Newly Constructed Ab Initio Ground Potential Energy Surface. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:3311-3328. [PMID: 35594416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c01209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We employ coupled three-dimensional (3D) time dependent wave packet formalism in hyperspherical coordinates for reactive scattering problem on the newly constructed ab initio calculated ground adiabatic potential energy surface for the F + H2/D2 reaction. The convergence profiles for various reactive channels are depicted at low collision energy regimes with respect to the total angular momentum (J) quantum numbers. For two different reactant diatomic molecules (H2 and D2) initially at their respective ground roto-vibrational state (v = 0, j = 0), calculated state-to-state as well as total integral cross sections as a function of collision energy, temperature dependent rate constants, and the kinetic isotope effect for various reactivity profiles of F + H2 and F + D2 reactions are presented along with previous theoretical and experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Naskar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India.,Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata West Bengal-741246, India
| | - Satrajit Adhikari
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
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5
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Straňák P, Ploenes L, Hofsäss S, Dulitz K, Stienkemeier F, Willitsch S. Development and characterization of high-repetition-rate sources for supersonic beams of fluorine radicals. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:103203. [PMID: 34717376 DOI: 10.1063/5.0065498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present and compare two high-pressure, high-repetition-rate electric-discharge sources for the generation of supersonic beams of fluorine radicals. The sources are based on dielectric-barrier-discharge (DBD) and plate-discharge units attached to a pulsed solenoid valve. The corrosion-resistant discharge sources were operated with fluorine gas seeded in helium up to backing pressures as high as 30 bars. We employed a (3 + 1) resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization combined with velocity-map imaging for the optimization, characterization, and comparison of the fluorine beams. Additionally, universal femtosecond-laser-ionization detection was used for the characterization of the discharge sources at experimental repetition rates up to 200 Hz. Our results show that the plate discharge is more efficient in F2 dissociation than the DBD by a factor between 8 and 9, whereas the DBD produces internally colder fluorine radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Straňák
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ludger Ploenes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simon Hofsäss
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Dulitz
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Frank Stienkemeier
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Willitsch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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6
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Wang HL, Su S, Yu SR, Che L, Wu GR, Yuan KJ, Yang XM, Minton TK. Crossed beam study on the F+D 2→DF+D reaction at hyperthermal collision energy of 23.84 kJ/mol. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1901005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hei-long Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Sheng-rui Yu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Li Che
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
- College of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Guo-rong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Kai-jun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xue-ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Timothy K. Minton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA
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7
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Dagdigian PJ, Kłos J. The effect of nonadiabaticity on the C + + HF reaction. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:204309. [PMID: 30501249 DOI: 10.1063/1.5056312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemistry of fluorine in the interstellar medium is particularly simple, with only a few key species and important reactions. Of the latter, the rate of the reaction of C+ ions with HF is not well established but is one of the key reactions that sets the relative abundance of HF and the CF+ ion, the two fluorine-bearing species that have been observed in interstellar clouds. The C+ + HF → CF+ + H reaction proceeds through a deeply bound HCF+ well. In this work, statistical methods, namely, the statistical adiabatic channel method originally developed by Quack and Troe and the quantum statistical method of Manolopoulos and co-workers, are applied to compute the total cross section as a function of energy for this reaction. This reaction proceeds on the ground 12 A' potential energy surface (PES), and there are also two non-reactive PES's, 12 A″ and 22 A', correlating with the C+(2 P 1/2,3/2) + HF reactants. Two sets of scattering calculations were carried out, namely, a single-surface calculation on the 12 A' PES and the one in which all three PES's and the spin-orbit splitting of C+ are included in the description of the entrance channel. In the latter, reactivity of the spin-orbit excited 2 P 3/2 level can be computed, and not just assumed to be zero, as in the single-state adiabatic approximation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Dagdigian
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218-2685, USA
| | - Jacek Kłos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2021, USA
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8
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Li X, Sun Z. Dynamical resonances in
$$\hbox {F}+ {\hbox {H}}_2/\hbox {HD}$$
F
+
H
2
/
HD
reaction scattering. Theor Chem Acc 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-018-2198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Wang T, Yang T, Xiao C, Sun Z, Zhang D, Yang X, Weichman ML, Neumark DM. Dynamical resonances in chemical reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:6744-6763. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00041g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The transition state is a key concept in the field of chemistry and is important in the study of chemical kinetics and reaction dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Tiangang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Chunlei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | | | - Daniel M. Neumark
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California at Berkeley
- Berkeley
- USA
- Chemical Sciences Division
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10
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Ren Z, Sun Z, Zhang D, Yang X. A review of dynamical resonances in A + BC chemical reactions. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2017; 80:026401. [PMID: 28008875 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/80/2/026401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The concept of the transition state has played an important role in the field of chemical kinetics and reaction dynamics. Reactive resonances in the transition-state region can dramatically enhance the reaction probability; thus investigation of the reactive resonances has attracted great attention from chemical physicists for many decades. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent progress made in probing the elusive resonance phenomenon in the simple A + BC reaction and understanding its nature, especially in the benchmark F/Cl + H2 and their isotopic variants. The signatures of reactive resonances in the integral cross section, differential cross section (DCS), forward- and backward-scattered DCS, and anion photodetachment spectroscopy are comprehensively presented in individual prototype reactions. The dynamical origins of reactive resonances are also discussed in this review, based on information on the wave function in the transition-state region obtained by time-dependent quantum wave-packet calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. International Center for Quantum Materials (ICQM) and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China. Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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11
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De Fazio D, Cavalli S, Aquilanti V. Benchmark Quantum Mechanical Calculations of Vibrationally Resolved Cross Sections and Rate Constants on ab Initio Potential Energy Surfaces for the F + HD Reaction: Comparisons with Experiments. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:5288-99. [PMID: 27186680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b01471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dario De Fazio
- Istituto di Struttura della
Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00016 Roma, Italy
| | - Simonetta Cavalli
- Dipartimento di Chimica,
Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Aquilanti
- Dipartimento di Chimica,
Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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12
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Yu D, Chen J, Cong S, Sun Z. Theoretical Study of FH2– Electron Photodetachment Spectra on New Ab Initio Potential Energy Surfaces. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:12193-208. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b06153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dequan Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- School
of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shulin Cong
- School
of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- Center
for Advanced Chemical Physics and 2011 Frontier Center for Quantum
Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Shi Y, Kamasah A, Joalland B, Suits AG. Crossed-beam DC slice imaging of fluorine atom reactions with linear alkanes. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:184309. [PMID: 25978893 DOI: 10.1063/1.4919099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the reaction dynamics of F atom with selected alkanes studied by crossed beam scattering with DC slice ion imaging. The target alkanes are propane, n-butane, and n-pentane. The product alkyl radicals are probed by 157 nm single photon ionization following reaction at a collision energy of ∼10 kcal mol(-1). The analyzed data are compared with the corresponding theoretical studies. Reduced translational energy distributions for each system show similar trends with little of the reaction exoergicity appearing in translation. However, the pentane reaction shows a somewhat smaller fraction of available energy in translation than the other two, suggesting greater energy channeled into pentyl internal degrees of freedom. The center-of-mass angular distributions all show backscattering as well as sharp forward scattering that decreases in relative intensity with the size of the molecule. Possible reasons for these trends are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Alexander Kamasah
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Baptiste Joalland
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Arthur G Suits
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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14
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Sokolovski D, Akhmatskaya E, Echeverría-Arrondo C, De Fazio D. Complex angular momentum theory of state-to-state integral cross sections: resonance effects in the F + HD → HF(v′ = 3) + D reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:18577-89. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01169h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
State-to-state reactive integral cross sections (ICSs) are often affected by quantum mechanical resonances, especially in the neighborhood of a reactive threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Sokolovski
- Departmento de Química-Física
- Universidad del País Vasco
- UPV/EHU
- Leioa
- Spain
| | - E. Akhmatskaya
- IKERBASQUE
- Basque Foundation for Science
- Bilbao
- Spain
- Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM)
| | | | - D. De Fazio
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia
- CNR
- 00016 Roma
- Italy
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15
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Cheng Y, Pan H, Wang F, Liu K. On the signal depletion induced by stretching excitation of methane in the reaction with the F atom. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:444-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53036a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Krasilnikov MB, Popov RS, Roncero O, De Fazio D, Cavalli S, Aquilanti V, Vasyutinskii OS. Polarization of molecular angular momentum in the chemical reactions Li + HF and F + HD. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:244302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4809992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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17
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Inelastic scattering of hydroxyl radicals with helium and argon by velocity-map imaging. Nat Chem 2012; 4:985-9. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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XIE TINGXIAN. INVESTIGATION OF THE CONTRIBUTION FOR THE NONCOLLINEAR CHANNEL OF THE F(2P3/2,2P1/2) + H2/D2 REACTIONS ON FOUR DIABATIC POTENTIAL ENERGY SURFACES. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633612500368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We performed the nonadiabatic time-dependent wave packet calculation on the four diabatic potential energy surfaces, which have the different barrier height, to investigate the contribution of the noncollinear channel for the F (2P) + H2/D2 (v = j = 0) reactions. The reaction probabilities, integral cross-sections, and rate constants are presented. The results indicate that the probabilities as the function of the collision energy have an obvious translation. The reactive activity of the reactions comes from the noncollinear reactive channel. The bent barrier height would decrease the reactive activity. The integral cross-sections are in the order of AWS < LWA-5 < LWA-78 ≈ MASW, which is opposite to that of the bent barrier height. At the lower temperature, the difference of the rate constants is unambiguous. As the temperature increases, the difference reduces. At the higher temperature, the rate constants computed on the four potential energy surfaces are close.
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Affiliation(s)
- TING-XIAN XIE
- Dalian Jiaotong University School of Science, Dalian 116028, P. R. China
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19
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20
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Yacovitch TI, Garand E, Kim JB, Hock C, Theis T, Neumark DM. Vibrationally resolved transition state spectroscopy of the F + H2 and F + CH4 reactions. Faraday Discuss 2012; 157:399-414; discussion 475-500. [DOI: 10.1039/c2fd20011b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Fu B, Zhou Y, Zhang DH. Shape resonance in the H + D2O → D + HOD reaction: a full-dimensional quantum dynamics study. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00684c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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22
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Dong WR, Xiao CL, Wang T, Dai DX, Wang XY, Yang XM. High Resolution Crossed Molecular Beams Study on the F+HD→HF+D Reaction at Collision Energy of 5.43–18.73 kJ/mol. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/24/05/507-514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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23
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Dong WR, Xiao CL, Wang T, Dai DX, Wang XY, Yang XM. High Resolution Crossed Molecular Beams Study on the F+HD→DF+H Reaction at Collision Energy of 8.19–18.98 kJ/mol. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/24/05/521-528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Diamantopoulou N, Kartakoulis A, Glodic P, Kitsopoulos TN, Samartzis PC. Ultraviolet photodissociation of iodine monochloride (ICl) at 235, 250, and 265 nm. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:194314. [PMID: 21599066 DOI: 10.1063/1.3592783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ICl photolysis in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum (235-265 nm) is studied using the Slice Imaging technique. The Cl∗((2)P(1/2))/Cl((2)P(3/2)) and the I∗((2)P(1/2))/I((2)P(3/2)) branching ratio between the I((2)P(3/2)) + Cl((2)P(3/2))∕Cl∗((2)P(1/2)) and I∗((2)P(1/2)) + Cl((2)P(3∕/2))∕Cl∗((2)P(1/2)) channels is extracted from the respective iodine and chlorine photofragment images. We find that ground state chlorine atoms (Cl((2)P(3/2))) are formed nearly exclusively with excited state iodine atoms (I∗((2)P(1/2))), while excited spin-orbit chlorine atoms (Cl∗((2)P(1/2))) are concurrently produced only with ground state iodine atoms (I((2)P(3/2))). We conclude that photolysis of ICl in this UV region is a relatively "clean" source of spin-orbit excited chlorine atoms that can be used in crossed molecular beam experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Diamantopoulou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation of Research and Technology Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Greece
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25
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Yang X. Probing state-to-state reaction dynamics using H-atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:8112-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp00005e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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De Fazio D, Lucas JM, Aquilanti V, Cavalli S. Exploring the accuracy level of new potential energy surfaces for the F + HD reactions: from exact quantum rate constants to the state-to-state reaction dynamics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:8571-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02738c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Azriel’ VM, Akimov VM, Kolesnikova LI, Rusin LY, Sevryuk MB, Toennies JP. On the maximum in the differential cross sections of the F + H2 reaction in the region of small scattering angles. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793109060013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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28
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Costes M, Naulin C. Integral and differential cross sections of reactions relevant to astrochemistry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:9154-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c003656k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Wang XA, Che L, Ren ZF, Qiu MH, Dai DX, Wang XY, Yang XM. High Resolution Crossed Beams Scattering Study of the F+HDDF+H Reaction. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2009. [DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/22/06/551-555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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30
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Naulin C, Daugey N, Hickson KM, Costes M. Dynamics of the Reactions of C(3PJ) Atoms with Ethylene, Allene, and Methylacetylene at Low Energy Revealed by Doppler−Fizeau Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:14447-57. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9038545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Naulin
- Université de Bordeaux and CNRS UMR 5255, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Daugey
- Université de Bordeaux and CNRS UMR 5255, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Kevin M. Hickson
- Université de Bordeaux and CNRS UMR 5255, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Michel Costes
- Université de Bordeaux and CNRS UMR 5255, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
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31
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Zhang W, Kawamata H, Merer AJ, Liu K. IR−UV Double-Resonance of Methyl Radicals and a Determination of the Detection Sensitivity of REMPI Bands. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:13133-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp902969v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Zhang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
| | - Hiroshi Kawamata
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
| | - Anthony J. Merer
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
| | - Kopin Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
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32
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Zolot AM, Dagdigian PJ, Nesbitt DJ. Quantum-state resolved reactive scattering at the gas-liquid interface: F+squalane (C30H62) dynamics via high-resolution infrared absorption of nascent HF(v,J). J Chem Phys 2008; 129:194705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2973630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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33
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Zolot AM, Nesbitt DJ. Crossed jet reactive scattering dynamics of F+H2O→HF(v,J)+OH:HF(v,J) product quantum state distributions under single-collision conditions. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:184305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2998524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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34
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Wu G, Zhang W, Pan H, Shuai Q, Jiang B, Dai D, Yang X. A new crossed molecular beam apparatus using time-sliced ion velocity imaging technique. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:094104. [PMID: 19044435 DOI: 10.1063/1.2978004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A new crossed molecular beam apparatus has been constructed for investigating polyatomic chemical reactions using the time-sliced ion velocity map imaging technique. A unique design is adopted for one of the two beam sources and allows us to set up the molecular beam source either horizontally or vertically. This can be conveniently used to produce versatile atomic or radical beams from photodissociation and as well as electric discharge. Intensive H-atom beam source with high speed ratio was produced by photodissociation of the HI molecule and was reacted with the CD(4) molecule. Vibrational-state resolved HD product distribution was measured by detecting the CD(3) product. Preliminary results were also reported on the F+SiH(4) reaction using the discharged F atom beam. These results demonstrate that this new instrument is a powerful tool for investigating chemical dynamics of polyatomic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
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35
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De Fazio D, Aquilanti V, Cavalli S, Aguilar A, Lucas JM. Exact state-to-state quantum dynamics of the F+HD→HF(v′=2)+D reaction on model potential energy surfaces. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:064303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2964103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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36
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Yang X, Zhang DH. Dynamical resonances in the fluorine atom reaction with the hydrogen molecule. Acc Chem Res 2008; 41:981-9. [PMID: 18710199 DOI: 10.1021/ar700258g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
[Reaction: see text]. The concept of transition state has played a crucial role in the field of chemical kinetics and reaction dynamics. Resonances in the transition state region are important in many chemical reactions at reaction energies near the thresholds. Detecting and characterizing isolated reaction resonances, however, have been a major challenge in both experiment and theory. In this Account, we review the most recent developments in the study of reaction resonances in the benchmark F + H 2 --> HF + H reaction. Crossed molecular beam scattering experiments on the F + H 2 reaction have been carried out recently using the high-resolution, highly sensitive H-atom Rydberg tagging technique with HF rovibrational states almost fully resolved. Pronounced forward scattering for the HF (nu' = 2) product has been observed at the collision energy of 0.52 kcal/mol in the F + H 2 (j = 0) reaction. Quantum dynamical calculations based on two new potential energy surfaces, the Xu-Xie-Zhang (XXZ) surface and the Fu-Xu-Zhang (FXZ) surface, show that the observed forward scattering of HF (nu' = 2) in the F + H 2 reaction is caused by two Feshbach resonances (the ground resonance and first excited resonance). More interestingly, the pronounced forward scattering of HF (nu' = 2) at 0.52 kcal/mol is enhanced considerably by the constructive interference between the two resonances. In order to probe the resonance potential more accurately, the isotope substituted F + HD --> HF + D reaction has been studied using the D-atom Rydberg tagging technique. A remarkable and fast changing dynamical picture has been mapped out in the collision energy range of 0.3-1.2 kcal/mol for this reaction. Quantum dynamical calculations based on the XXZ surface suggest that the ground resonance on this potential is too high in comparison with the experimental results of the F + HD reaction. However, quantum scattering calculations on the FXZ surface can reproduce nearly quantitatively the resonance picture of the F + HD reaction observed in the experiment. It is clear that the dynamics of the F + HD reaction below the threshold was dominated by the ground resonance state. Furthermore, the forward scattering HF (nu' = 3) channel from the F + H 2 ( j = 0) reaction was investigated and was attributed mainly to a slow-down mechanism over the centrifugal exit barrier, with small contributions from a shape resonance mechanism in a narrow collision energy range. A striking effect of the reagent rotational excitation on resonance was also observed in F + H 2 ( j = 1), in comparison with F + H 2 ( j = 0). From these concerted experimental and theoretical studies, a clear physical picture of the reaction resonances in this benchmark reaction has emerged, providing a textbook example of dynamical resonances in elementary chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Dong H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
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37
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Lique F, Alexander MH, Li G, Werner HJ, Nizkorodov SA, Harper WW, Nesbitt DJ. Evidence for excited spin-orbit state reaction dynamics in F+H2: Theory and experiment. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:084313. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2831412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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38
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De Fazio D, Cavalli S, Aquilanti V, Buchachenko AA, Tscherbul TV. On the Role of Scattering Resonances in the F + HD Reaction Dynamics. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:12538-49. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0759473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. De Fazio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy, Istituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e dei Plasmi - C.N.R., 70126 Bari, Italy, Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S. Cavalli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy, Istituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e dei Plasmi - C.N.R., 70126 Bari, Italy, Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, Canada
| | - V. Aquilanti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy, Istituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e dei Plasmi - C.N.R., 70126 Bari, Italy, Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, Canada
| | - A. A. Buchachenko
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy, Istituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e dei Plasmi - C.N.R., 70126 Bari, Italy, Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, Canada
| | - T. V. Tscherbul
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy, Istituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e dei Plasmi - C.N.R., 70126 Bari, Italy, Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, Canada
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39
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Li G, Werner HJ, Lique F, Alexander MH. New ab initio potential energy surfaces for the F+H2 reaction. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:174302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2778421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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40
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Ran Q, Matsiev D, Wodtke AM, Auerbach DJ. An advanced molecule-surface scattering instrument for study of vibrational energy transfer in gas-solid collisions. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2007; 78:104104. [PMID: 17979439 DOI: 10.1063/1.2796149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We describe an advanced and highly sensitive instrument for quantum state-resolved molecule-surface energy transfer studies under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. The apparatus includes a beam source chamber, two differential pumping chambers, and a UHV chamber for surface preparation, surface characterization, and molecular beam scattering. Pulsed and collimated supersonic molecular beams are generated by expanding target molecule mixtures through a home-built pulsed nozzle, and excited quantum state-selected molecules were prepared via tunable, narrow-band laser overtone pumping. Detection systems have been designed to measure specific vibrational-rotational state, time-of-flight, angular and velocity distributions of molecular beams coming to and scattered off the surface. Facilities are provided to clean and characterize the surface under UHV conditions. Initial experiments on the scattering of HCl(v = 0) from Au(111) show many advantages of this new instrument for fundamental studies of the energy transfer at the gas-surface interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, USA
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41
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Rusin LY, Sevryuk MB, Toennies JP. The special features of rotationally resolved differential cross sections of the F + H2 reaction at small scattering angles. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s199079310705003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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42
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Zolot AM, Nesbitt DJ. Quantum state resolved scattering dynamics of F+HCl→HF(v,J)+Cl. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:114319. [PMID: 17887849 DOI: 10.1063/1.2770464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
State-to-state reaction dynamics of the reaction F+HCl-->HF(v,J)+Cl have been studied under single-collision conditions using an intense discharge F atom source in crossed supersonic molecular beams at Ecom=4.3(1.3) kcal/mol. Nascent HF product is monitored by shot-noise limited direct infrared laser absorption, providing quantum state distributions as well as additional information on kinetic energy release from high resolution Dopplerimetry. The vibrational distributions are highly inverted, with 34(4)%, 44(2)%, and 8(1)% of the total population in vHF=1, 2, and 3, respectively, consistent with predominant energy release into the newly formed bond. However, there is a small [14(1)%] but significant formation channel into the vHF=0 ground state, which is directly detectable for the first time via direct absorption methods. Of particular dynamical interest, both the HF(v=2,J) and HF(v=1,J) populations exhibit strongly bimodal J distributions. These results differ significantly from previous flow and arrested-relaxation studies and may signal the presence of microscopic branching in the reaction dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Zolot
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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43
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Che L, Ren Z, Wang X, Dong W, Dai D, Wang X, Zhang DH, Yang X, Sheng L, Li G, Werner HJ, Lique F, Alexander MH. Breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer Approximation in the F+
o
-D
2
→ DF + D Reaction. Science 2007; 317:1061-4. [PMID: 17717180 DOI: 10.1126/science.1144984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of F with H2 and its isotopomers is the paradigm for an exothermic triatomic abstraction reaction. In a crossed-beam scattering experiment, we determined relative integral and differential cross sections for reaction of the ground F(2P(3/2)) and excited F*(2P(1/2)) spin-orbit states with D2 for collision energies of 0.25 to 1.2 kilocalorie/mole. At the lowest collision energy, F* is approximately 1.6 times more reactive than F, although reaction of F* is forbidden within the Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation. As the collision energy increases, the BO-allowed reaction rapidly dominates. We found excellent agreement between multistate, quantum reactive scattering calculations and both the measured energy dependence of the F*/F reactivity ratio and the differential cross sections. This agreement confirms the fundamental understanding of the factors controlling electronic nonadiabaticity in abstraction reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Che
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of (P. R.) China
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44
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De Fazio D, Aquilanti V, Cavalli S, Aguilar A, Lucas JM. Exact quantum calculations of the kinetic isotope effect: cross sections and rate constants for the F+HD reaction and role of tunneling. J Chem Phys 2007; 125:133109. [PMID: 17029435 DOI: 10.1063/1.2221695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we present integral cross sections (in the 5-220 meV collision energy range) and rate constants (in the 100-300 K range of temperature) for the F+HD reaction leading to HF+D and DF+H. The exact quantum reactive scattering calculations were carried out using the hyperquantization algorithm on an improved potential energy surface which incorporates the effects of open shell and fine structure of the fluorine atom in the entrance channel. The results reproduce satisfactorily molecular beam scattering experiments as well as chemical kinetics data for both the HF and DF channels. In particular, the agreement of the rate coefficients and the vibrational branching ratios with experimental measurements is improved with respect to previous studies. At thermal and subthermal energies, the rates are greatly influenced by tunneling through the reaction barrier. Therefore exchange of deuterium is shown to be penalized with respect to exchange of hydrogen, and the isotopic branching exhibits a strong dependence on translational energy. Also, it is found that rotational excitation of the reactant HD molecule enhances the production of HF and decreases the reactivity at the D end, obtaining insight on the reaction stereodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario De Fazio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
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45
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Zhang B, Yan S, Liu K. Unraveling Multicomponent Images by Extended Cross Correlation Analysis. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:9263-8. [PMID: 17636971 DOI: 10.1021/jp072916z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the course of studying the reaction dynamics of F + CH(2)D(2) --> HF + CHD(2), several small features in the (2+1) REMPI spectra of the CHD(2) product were observed. Using the technique of imaging spectroscopy, those new features were identified and assigned to the 2(1)(1), 3(1)(1), and 5(1)(1) bands. The ion velocity-mapped images acquired for those features, however, displayed severe overlaps with each other, rendering data analysis difficult. The extended cross correlation method was then applied for the first time in analyzing the ion images and successfully extracted the genuine pattern of each entangled component, which in turn enables us to focus on the dynamics information embedded in the multicomponent images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailin Zhang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166 Taipei, Taiwan 10617
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46
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Abrahamsson E, Groenenboom GC, Krems RV. Spin-orbit relaxation of Cl(P1∕22) and F(P1∕22) in a gas of H2. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:184303. [PMID: 17508799 DOI: 10.1063/1.2732751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors present quantum scattering calculations of rate coefficients for the spin-orbit relaxation of F(2P1/2) atoms in a gas of H2 molecules and Cl(2P1/2) atoms in a gas of H2 and D2 molecules. Their calculation of the thermally averaged rate coefficient for the electronic relaxation of chlorine in H2 agrees very well with an experimental measurement at room temperature. It is found that the spin-orbit relaxation of chlorine atoms in collisions with hydrogen molecules in the rotationally excited state j=2 is dominated by the near-resonant electronic-to-rotational energy transfer accompanied by rotational excitation of the molecules. The rate of the spin-orbit relaxation in collisions with D2 molecules increases to a great extent with the rotational excitation of the molecules. They have found that the H2/D2 isotope effect in the relaxation of Cl(2P1/2) is very sensitive to temperature due to the significant role of molecular rotations in the nonadiabatic transitions. Their calculation yields a rate ratio of 10 for the electronic relaxation in H2 and D2 at room temperature, in qualitative agreement with the experimental measurement of the isotope ratio of about 5. The isotope effect becomes less significant at higher temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Abrahamsson
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3 Canada
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47
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Abstract
This paper is an overview of the theory of reactive scattering, with emphasis on fully quantum mechanical theories that have been developed to describe simple chemical reactions, especially atom-diatom reactions. We also describe related quasiclassical trajectory applications, and in all of this review the emphasis is on methods and applications concerned with state-resolved reaction dynamics. The review first provides an overview of the development of the theory, including a discussion of computational methods based on coupled channel calculations, variational methods, and wave packet methods. Choices of coordinates, including the use of hyperspherical coordinates are discussed, as are basis set and discrete variational representations. The review also summarizes a number of applications that have been performed, especially the two most comprehensively studied systems, H+H2 and F+H2, along with brief discussions of a large number of other systems, including other hydrogen atom transfer reactions, insertion reactions, electronically nonadiabatic reactions, and reactions involving four or more atoms. For each reaction we describe the method used and important new physical insight extracted from the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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48
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Lee SH, Dong F, Liu K. A crossed-beam study of the F+HD→HF+D reaction: The resonance-mediated channel. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:133106. [PMID: 17029432 DOI: 10.1063/1.2217374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the last report of our extensive studies on the title reaction. Presented here are the state-to-state differential cross section determinations at 11 collision energies, ranging from 1.30 to 4.53 kcal/mol. Together with previously reported results at six lower energies (0.4-1.18 kcal/mol), this perhaps represents one of the most comprehensive set of data from a single investigation for any chemical reaction. The information contents of this set of data are examined in detail, from which the dynamical consequences of reactive resonances are elucidated. Qualitative interpretations of some of the major findings are proposed. Observations that need further theoretical investigations for better physical understanding are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Huang Lee
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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49
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Abstract
Experiments are reviewed in which key problems in chemical dynamics are probed by experiments based on photodetachment and/or photoexcitation of negative ions. Examples include transition state spectroscopy of biomolecular reactions, spectroscopy of open shell van der Waals complexes, photodissociation of free radicals, and time-resolved dynamics in clusters. The experimental methods used in these investigations are described along with representative systems that have been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Neumark
- Department of Chemistry,University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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Abstract
A critical overview of the recent progress in crossed-beam reactive scattering is presented. This review is not intended to be an exhaustive nor a comprehensive one, but rather a critical assessment of what we have been learning about bimolecular reaction dynamics using crossed molecular beams since year 2000. Particular emphasis is placed on the information content encoded in the product angular distribution-the trait of a typical molecular beam scattering experiment-and how the information can help in answering fundamental questions about chemical reactivity. We will start with simple reactions by highlighting a few benchmark three-atom reactions, and then move on progressively to the more complex chemical systems and with more sophisticated types of measurements. Understanding what cause the experimental observations is more than computationally simulating the results. The give and take between experiment and theory in unraveling the physical picture of the underlying dynamics is illustrated throughout this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kopin Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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