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Opoku E, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV. Electron binding energies and Dyson orbitals of O nH 2n+1 +,0,- clusters: Double Rydberg anions, Rydberg radicals, and micro-solvated hydronium cations. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:234304. [PMID: 34241254 DOI: 10.1063/5.0053297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ab initio electron propagator methods are employed to predict the vertical electron attachment energies (VEAEs) of OH3 +(H2O)n clusters. The VEAEs decrease with increasing n, and the corresponding Dyson orbitals are diffused over exterior, non-hydrogen bonded protons. Clusters formed from OH3 - double Rydberg anions (DRAs) and stabilized by hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions between ions and polar molecules are studied through calculations on OH3 -(H2O)n complexes and are compared with more stable H-(H2O)n+1 isomers. Remarkable changes in the geometry of the anionic hydronium-water clusters with respect to their cationic counterparts occur. Rydberg electrons in the uncharged and anionic clusters are held near the exterior protons of the water network. For all values of n, the anion-water complex H-(H2O)n+1 is always the most stable, with large vertical electron detachment energies (VEDEs). OH3 -(H2O)n DRA isomers have well separated VEDEs and may be visible in anion photoelectron spectra. Corresponding Dyson orbitals occupy regions beyond the peripheral O-H bonds and differ significantly from those obtained for the VEAEs of the cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Opoku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, USA
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, USA
| | - Joseph Vincent Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, USA
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2
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Tang M, Hu CE, Lv ZL, Chen XR, Cai LC. Ab Initio Study of Ionized Water Radical Cation (H 2O) 8+ in Combination with the Particle Swarm Optimization Method. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:9489-9499. [PMID: 27934325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b09866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The structures of cationic water clusters (H2O)8+ have been globally explored by the particle swarm optimization method in combination with quantum chemical calculations. Geometry optimization and vibrational analysis for the 15 most interesting clusters were computed at the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ level and infrared spectrum calculation at MPW1K/6-311++G** level. Special attention was paid to the relationships between their configurations and energies. Both MP2 and B3LYP-D3 calculations revealed that the cage-like structure is the most stable, which is different from a five-membered ring lowest energy structure but agrees well with a cage-like structure in the literature. Furthermore, our obtained cage-like structure is more stable by 0.87 and 1.23 kcal/mol than the previously reported structures at MP2 and B3LYP-D3 levels, respectively. Interestingly, on the basis of their relative Gibbs free energies and the temperature dependence of populations, the cage-like structure predominates only at very low temperatures, and the most dominating species transforms into a newfound four-membered ring structure from 100 to 400 K, which can contribute greatly to the experimental infrared spectrum. By topological analysis and reduced density gradient analysis, we also investigated the structural characteristics and bonding strengths of these water cluster radical cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Cui-E Hu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University , Chongqing 400047, China
| | - Zhen-Long Lv
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ling-Cang Cai
- National Key Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics , Mianyang 621900, China
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3
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Yan S, Zou H, Kang W, Sun L. DFT investigation on dihydrogen-bonded amine-borane complexes. J Mol Model 2015; 22:17. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Akase D, Teramae H, Aida M. A comprehensive search of topologically distinct local minimum structures of protonated water octamer and the classification of OH topological types. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Maeda S, Taketsugu T, Morokuma K, Ohno K. Anharmonic Downward Distortion Following for Automated Exploration of Quantum Chemical Potential Energy Surfaces. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20140189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | | | - Keiji Morokuma
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University
| | - Koichi Ohno
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
- Institute for Quantum Chemical Exploration
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6
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Theoretical investigation of hydrogen bonding interaction in H3O+(H2O)9 complex. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2480. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Wolf MG, Groenhof G. Explicit proton transfer in classical molecular dynamics simulations. J Comput Chem 2014; 35:657-71. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maarten G. Wolf
- Computational Biomolecular Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11; Göttingen D-37077, Germany
| | - Gerrit Groenhof
- Computational Biomolecular Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11; Göttingen D-37077, Germany
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8
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9
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Hub JS, Wolf MG, Caleman C, van Maaren PJ, Groenhof G, van der Spoel D. Thermodynamics of hydronium and hydroxide surface solvation. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc52862f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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10
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Rybkin VV, Simakov AO, Bakken V, Reine S, Kjaergaard T, Helgaker T, Uggerud E. Insights into the dynamics of evaporation and proton migration in protonated water clusters from large-scale Born-Oppenheimer direct dynamics. J Comput Chem 2012; 34:533-44. [PMID: 23108605 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale on-the-fly Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations using recent advances in linear scaling electronic structure theory and trajectory integration techniques have been performed for protonated water clusters around the magic number (H(2)O)(n)H(+) , for n = 20 and 21. Besides demonstrating the feasibility and efficiency of the computational approach, the calculations reveal interesting dynamical details. Elimination of water molecules is found to be fast for both cluster sizes but rather insensitive to the initial geometry. The water molecules released acquire velocities compatible with thermal energies. The proton solvation shell changes between the well-known Eigen and Zundel motifs and is characterized by specific low-frequency vibrational modes, which have been quantified. The proton transfer mechanism largely resembles that of bulk water but one interesting variation was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V Rybkin
- The Department of Chemistry, Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (CTCC), University of Oslo, Postboks 1033, Blindern 0315, Oslo, Norway.
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11
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Bankura A, Chandra A. A first principles theoretical study of the hydration structure and dynamics of an excess proton in water clusters of varying size and temperature. Chem Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2011.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Bing D, Hamashima T, Nguyen QC, Fujii A, Kuo JL. Comprehensive Analysis on the Structure and Proton Switch in H+(CH3OH)m(H2O)n (m + n = 5 and 6). J Phys Chem A 2009; 114:3096-102. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9082689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Bing
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Toru Hamashima
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Quoc Chinh Nguyen
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Asuka Fujii
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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13
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Luo Y, Maeda S, Ohno K. Automated exploration of stable isomers of H+(H2O)n(n= 5-7) viaab initiocalculations: An application of the anharmonic downward distortion following algorithm. J Comput Chem 2009; 30:952-61. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Swanson JMJ, Simons J. Role of charge transfer in the structure and dynamics of the hydrated proton. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:5149-61. [PMID: 19309128 PMCID: PMC2680231 DOI: 10.1021/jp810652v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although it has long been recognized that multiple water molecules strongly associate with an extra proton in bulk water, some models and conceptual frameworks continue to utilize the classical hydronium ion (H(3)O(+)) as a fundamental building block. In this work, the nature of the hydronium ion in aqueous systems is examined using an ab initio energy decomposition analysis (EDA) that evaluates both the magnitude of and energetic stabilization due to charge transfer among H(3)O(+) and the surrounding water molecules. The EDA is performed on structures extracted from dynamical bulk-phase simulations and used to determine how frequently the pure hydronium ion, where the excess charge is primarily localized on H(3)O(+), occurs under dynamic conditions. The answer is essentially never. The energetic stabilization of H(3)O(+) due to charge delocalization to neighboring water molecules is found to be much larger (16-49 kcal/mol) than for other ions (even Li(+)) and to constitute a substantial portion (20-52%) of the complex's binding energy. The charge defect is also shown to have intrinsic dynamical asymmetry and to display dynamical signatures that can be related to features appearing in IR spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M J Swanson
- Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Utah, Department of Chemistry, 315 South 1400 East Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, USA.
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15
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Ashbaugh HS, Asthagiri D. Single ion hydration free energies: A consistent comparison between experiment and classical molecular simulation. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:204501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3013865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Douady J, Calvo F, Spiegelman F. Structure, stability, and infrared spectroscopy of (H2O)nNH4+ clusters: A theoretical study at zero and finite temperature. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:154305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2987304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Kuo JL, Xie ZZ, Bing D, Fujii A, Hamashima T, Suhara KI, Mikami N. Comprehensive Analysis of the Hydrogen Bond Network Morphology and OH Stretching Vibrations in Protonated Methanol−Water Mixed Clusters, H+(MeOH)1(H2O)n (n = 1−8). J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:10125-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8057299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jer-Lai Kuo
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Zhi-zhong Xie
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Dan Bing
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Asuka Fujii
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Toru Hamashima
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ken-ichiro Suhara
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Naohiko Mikami
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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18
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Tono K, Kuo JL, Tada M, Fukazawa K, Fukushima N, Kasai C, Tsukiyama K. Infrared photodissociation spectroscopy and density-functional calculations of protonated methanol cluster ions: Solvation structures of an excess proton. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:084304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2963499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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19
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Luo Y, Maeda S, Ohno K. Quantum Chemistry Study of H+(H2O)8: A Global Search for Its Isomers by the Scaled Hypersphere Search Method, and Its Thermal Behavior. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:10732-7. [PMID: 17887737 DOI: 10.1021/jp074819b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The structures of the protonated water cluster H+(H2O)8 have been globally explored by the scaled hypersphere search method. On the Hartree-Fock potential energy surface 174 isomers were found, among which 168 were computed to be minima at the B3LYP/6-31+G** level, and their energies were further refined at the level of MP2/6-311++G(3df,2p). The global minimum on the potential energy surface computed at the B3LYP/6-31+G** level shows a cagelike structure with the "Eigen" motif, while the lowest-free-energy isomer has a five-membered-ring structure at 170 K and a chain form at 273 K. The present results are well in line with previous experimental findings. In addition, the ADMP (atom-centered density matrix propagation) simulation indicates that the extra proton in the lowest-free-energy isomer (170 K), which has a five-membered ring and the "Zundel" feature, is often in an asymmetrical hydrogen bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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20
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Yan S, Zhang L, Cukier RI, Bu Y. Exploration on Regulating Factors for Proton Transfer along Hydrogen-Bonded Water Chains. Chemphyschem 2007; 8:944-54. [PMID: 17387667 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200600674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Proton transfer along a single-file hydrogen-bonded water chain is elucidated with a special emphasis on the investigation of chain length, side water, and solvent effects, as well as the temperature and pressure dependences. The number of water molecules in the chain varies from one to nine. The proton can be transported to the acceptor fragment through the single-file hydrogen-bonded water wire which contains at most five water molecules. If the number of water molecule is more than five, the proton is trapped by the chain in the hydroxyl-centered H(7)O(3) (+) state. The farthest water molecule involved in the formation of H(7)O(3) (+) is the fifth one away from the donor fragment. These phenomena reappear in the molecular dynamics simulations. The energy of the system is reduced along with the proton conduction. The proton transfer mechanism can be altered by excess proton. The augmentation of the solvent dielectric constant weakens the stability of the system, but favors the proton transfer. NMR spin-spin coupling constants can be used as a criterion in judging whether the proton is transferred or not. The enhancement of temperature increases the thermal motion of the molecule, augments the internal energy of the system, and favors the proton transfer. The lengthening of the water wire increases the entropy of the system, concomitantly, the temperature dependence of the Gibbs free energy increases. The most favorable condition for the proton transfer along the H-bonded water wire is the four-water contained chain with side water attached near to the acceptor fragment in polar solvent under higher temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Yan
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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Sobolewski AL, Domcke W. Computational studies of aqueous-phase photochemistry and the hydrated electron in finite-size clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:3818-29. [PMID: 17637974 DOI: 10.1039/b704066k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A survey of recent ab initio calculations on excited electronic states of water clusters and various chromophore-water clusters is given. Electron and proton transfer processes in these systems have been characterized by the determination of electronic wave functions, minimum-energy reaction paths and potential-energy profiles. It is pointed out that the transfer of a neutral hydrogen atom (leading to biradicals) rather than the transfer of a proton (leading to ion pairs) is the generic excited-state reaction mechanism in these systems. The hydrated hydronium radical, (H3O)(aq), plays a central role in this scenario. The electronic and vibrational spectra of H3O(H2O)(n) clusters and the decay mechanism of these metastable species have been investigated in some detail. The results suggest that (H3O)(aq) could be the carrier of the characteristic spectroscopic properties of the hydrated electron in liquid water.
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Svozil D, Jungwirth P. Cluster Model for the Ionic Product of Water: Accuracy and Limitations of Common Density Functional Methods. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:9194-9. [PMID: 16854033 DOI: 10.1021/jp0614648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the performance of six popular density functionals (B3LYP, PBE0, BLYP, BP86, PBE, and SVWN) for the description of the autoionization process in the water octamer was studied. As a benchmark, MP2 energies with complete basis sets limit extrapolation and CCSD(T) correction were used. At this level, the autoionized structure lies 28.5 kcal.mol(-1) above the neutral water octamer. Accounting for zero-point energy lowers this value by 3.0 kcal.mol(-1). The transition state of the proton transfer reaction, lying only 0.7 kcal.mol(-1) above the energy of the ionized system, was identified at the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ level of theory. Different density functionals describe the reactant and product with varying accuracy, while they all fail to characterize the transition state. We find improved results with hybrid functionals compared to the gradient-corrected ones. In particular, B3LYP describes the reaction energetics within 2.5 kcal.mol(-1) of the benchmark value. Therefore, this functional is suggested to be preferably used both for Carr-Parinello molecular dynamics and for quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) simulations of autoionization of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Svozil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Odde S, Mhin BJ, Lee KH, Lee HM, Tarakeshwar P, Kim KS. Hydration and Dissociation of Hydrogen Fluoric Acid (HF). J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:7918-24. [PMID: 16789781 DOI: 10.1021/jp060149i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The hydration and dissociation phenomena of HF(H(2)O)(n)() (n < or = 10) clusters have been studied by using both the density functional theory with the 6-311++G[sp] basis set and the Møller-Plesset second-order perturbation theory with the aug-cc-pVDZ+(2s2p/2s) basis set. The structures for n > or = 8 are first reported here. The dissociated form of the hydrogen-fluoric acid in HF(H(2)O)(n) clusters is found to be less stable at 0 K than the undissociated form until n = 10. HF may not be dissociated at 0 K solely by water molecules because the HF H bond is stronger than the OH H bond, against the expectation that the dissociated HF(H(2)O)(n) would be more stable than the undissociated one in the presence of a number of water molecules. The dissociation would be possible for only a fraction of a number of hydrated HF clusters by the Boltzmann distribution at finite temperatures. This is in sharp contrast to other hydrogen halide acids (HCl, HBr, HI) showing the dissociation phenomena at 0 K for n > or = 4. The IR spectra of dissociated and undissociated structures of HF(H(2)O)(n) are compared. The structures and binding energies of HF(H(2)O)(n) are found to be similar to those of (H(2)O)(n+1). It is interesting that HF(H(2)O)(n=5,6,10) are slightly less stable compared with other sizes of clusters, just like the fact that (H(2)O)(n=6,7,11) are slightly less stable. The present study would be useful for the experimental/spectroscopic investigation of not only the dissociation phenomena of HF but also the similarity of the HF-water clusters to the water clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Odde
- Department of Chemistry, Pai Chai University, Daejeon, Korea
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Mella M, Ponti A. Alternative Low-Energy Mechanisms for Isotopic Exchange in Gas-Phase D2O-H+(H2O)nReactions. Chemphyschem 2006; 7:894-903. [PMID: 16596613 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200500575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Molecular-dynamics (MD) trajectories and high-level ab initio methods have been used to study the low-energy mechanism for D(2)O-H(+)(H(2)O)(n) reactions. At low collisional energies, MD simulations show that the collisional complexes are long-lived and undergo fast monomolecular isomerization, converting between different isomers within 50-500 ps. Such processes, primarily involving water-molecule shifts along a water chain, require the surmounting of very-low-energy barriers and present sizable non- Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) effects, which are interpreted as a lack of randomization of the internal kinetic energy. Interestingly, the rate of water shifts was found to increase upon increasing the size of the cluster. Based on these findings, we propose to incorporate the following steps into the mechanism for low-energy isotopic scrambling these D(2)O-H(+)(H(2)O)(n) reactions: a) formation of the collisional complex [H(+)(H(2)O)(n)D(2)O]* in a vibro-rotational excited state; b) incorporation of the heavy-water molecule in the cluster core as HD(2)O(+) by means of isomerization involving molecular shifts; c) displacement of solvation molecules from the first shell of HD(2)O(+) inducing de-deuteration (shift of a D(+) to a neighbor water molecule); d) reorganization of the clusters and/or expulsion of one of the isotopic variants of water (H(2)O, HDO or D(2)O) from the periphery of the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Mella
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AB, UK.
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Singh NJ, Olleta AC, Kumar A, Park M, Yi HB, Bandyopadhyay I, Lee HM, Tarakeshwar P, Kim KS. Study of interactions of various ionic species with solvents toward the design of receptors. Theor Chem Acc 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-005-0057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Iyengar SS, Petersen MK, Day TJF, Burnham CJ, Teige VE, Voth GA. The properties of ion-water clusters. I. The protonated 21-water cluster. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:084309. [PMID: 16164293 DOI: 10.1063/1.2007628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ab initio atom-centered density-matrix propagation approach and the multistate empirical valence bond method have been employed to study the structure, dynamics, and rovibrational spectrum of a hydrated proton in the "magic" 21 water cluster. In addition to the conclusion that the hydrated proton tends to reside on the surface of the cluster, with the lone pair on the protonated oxygen pointing "outwards," it is also found that dynamical effects play an important role in determining the vibrational properties of such clusters. This result is used to analyze and complement recent experimental and theoretical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan S Iyengar
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
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Chang HC, Wu CC, Kuo JL. Recent advances in understanding the structures of medium-sized protonated water clusters. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350500448116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Headrick JM, Diken EG, Walters RS, Hammer NI, Christie RA, Cui J, Myshakin EM, Duncan MA, Johnson MA, Jordan KD. Spectral Signatures of Hydrated Proton Vibrations in Water Clusters. Science 2005; 308:1765-9. [PMID: 15961665 DOI: 10.1126/science.1113094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 597] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The ease with which the pH of water is measured obscures the fact that there is presently no clear molecular description for the hydrated proton. The mid-infrared spectrum of bulk aqueous acid, for example, is too diffuse to establish the roles of the putative Eigen (H3O+) and Zundel (H5O2+) ion cores. To expose the local environment of the excess charge, we report how the vibrational spectrum of protonated water clusters evolves in the size range from 2 to 11 water molecules. Signature bands indicating embedded Eigen or Zundel limiting forms are observed in all of the spectra with the exception of the three- and five-membered clusters. These unique species display bands appearing at intermediate energies, reflecting asymmetric solvation of the core ion. Taken together, the data reveal the pronounced spectral impact of subtle changes in the hydration environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Headrick
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, Post Office Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Kuo JL, Klein ML. Structure of protonated water clusters: Low-energy structures and finite temperature behavior. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:024516. [PMID: 15638607 DOI: 10.1063/1.1832597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure of protonated water clusters H+(H2O)n (n=5-22) are examined by two Monte Carlo methods in conjunction with the OSS2 potential [L. Ojamae, I. Shavitt, and S. J. Singer J. Chem. Phys. 109, 5547 (1998)]. The basin-hopping method is employed to explore the OSS2 potential energy surface and to locate low-energy structures. The topology of the "global minimum," the most stable low-energy structure, changes from single ring to multiple ring to polyhedral cage as the cluster size grows. The temperature dependence of the cluster geometry is examined by carrying out parallel tempering Monte Carlo simulations. Over the temperature range we studied (25-330 K), all water clusters undergo significant structural changes. The trends are treelike structures dominating at high temperature and single-ring structures appearing in slightly lower temperatures. For n> or =7, an additional transition from single ring to multiple rings appears as the temperature decreases. Only for n> or =16 do polyhedral structures dominate the lowest temperature range. Our results indicate very dynamic structural changes at temperature range relevant to atmospheric chemistry and current experiments. The structures and properties of medium-sized protonated clusters in this temperature range are far from their global minimum cousins. The relevance of these findings to recent experiments and theoretical simulations is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jer-Lai Kuo
- Center for Molecular Modeling and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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30
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Mella M, Kuo JL, Clary DC, Klein ML. Nuclear quantum effects on the structure and energetics of (H2O)6H+. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2005; 7:2324-32. [PMID: 19785117 DOI: 10.1039/b501678a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Mella
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK OX1 3QZ.
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31
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Lin CK, Wu CC, Wang YS, Lee YT, Chang HC, Kuo JL, Klein ML. Vibrational predissociation spectra and hydrogen-bond topologies of H+(H2O)9–11. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2005; 7:938-44. [DOI: 10.1039/b412281j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Odde S, Mhin BJ, Lee S, Lee HM, Kim KS. Dissociation chemistry of hydrogen halides in water. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:9524-35. [PMID: 15267964 DOI: 10.1063/1.1711596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the mechanism of aqueous acid dissociation, which plays a fundamental role in aqueous chemistry, the ionic dissociation of HX acids (X=F, Cl, Br, and I) in water clusters up to hexamer is examined using density functional theory and Møller-Plesset second-order perturbation methods (MP2). Further accurate analysis based on the coupled clusters theory with singles and doubles excitations agrees with the MP2 results. The equilibrium structures, binding energies, electronic properties, stretching frequencies, and rotational constants of HX(H(2)O)(n) and X(-)(H(3)O)(+)(H(2)O)(n-1) are calculated. The dissociated structures of HF and HCl can be formed for n>/=4, while those of HBr and HI can be formed for n>/=3. Among these, the dissociated structures of HX (X=Cl, Br, and I) are more stable than the undissociated ones for n>/=4, while such cases for HF would require much more than six water molecules, in agreement with previous reports. The IR spectra of stable clusters including anharmonic frequencies are predicted to facilitate IR experimental studies. Undissociated systems have X-H stretching modes which are highly redshifted by hydration. Dissociated hydrogen halides show three characteristic OH stretching modes of hydronium moiety, which are redshifted from the OH stretching modes of water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Odde
- Department of Chemistry, Pai Chai University, 439-6, Domadong, Seoku, Daejeon 302-735, Korea
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Mella M, Clary DC. Zero temperature quantum properties of small protonated water clusters (H2O)nH+ (n=1–5). J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1618222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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34
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Grabowski P, Riccardi D, Gomez MA, Asthagiri D, Pratt LR. Quasi-Chemical Theory and the Standard Free Energy of H+(aq). J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp026291a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- R. A. Christie
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials and Molecular Simulation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - K. D. Jordan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials and Molecular Simulation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
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36
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Sobolewski AL, Domcke W. Ab Initio Investigation of the Structure and Spectroscopy of Hydronium−Water Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013835k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej L. Sobolewski
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland, and Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland, and Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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Chaudhuri C, Jiang JC, Wu CC, Wang X, Chang HC. Characterization of Protonated Formamide-Containing Clusters by Infrared Spectroscopy and ab Initio Calculations. II. Hydration of Formamide in the Gas Phase. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp004103f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Chaudhuri
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023
| | - J. C. Jiang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023
| | - C.-C. Wu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023
| | - X. Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023
| | - H.-C. Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023
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38
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CHAUDHURI C, WANG YS, JIANG JC, LEE YT, CHANG HC, NIEDNER-SCHATTEBURG G. Infrared spectra and isomeric structures of hydroxide ion-water clusters OH- (H2O)1-5: a comparison with H3O (H2O)1-5. Mol Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970110046312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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