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Zhang YR, Yuan DF, Wang LS. Probing Dipole-Bound States Using Photodetachment Spectroscopy and Resonant Photoelectron Imaging of Cryogenically Cooled Anions. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7368-7381. [PMID: 37565830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular anions with polar neutral cores can support highly diffuse dipole-bound states below their detachment thresholds due to the long-range charge-dipole interaction. Such nonvalence states constitute a special class of excited electronic states for anions and were observed in early photodetachment experiments to measure the electron affinities of organic radicals. Recent experimental advances, in particular, the ability to create cold anions using a cryogenically cooled Paul trap, have allowed the investigation of dipole-bound excited states at a new level. For the first time, the zero-point level of dipole-bound excited states can be observed via resonant two-photon detachment, and resonant photoelectron spectroscopy can be performed via the above-threshold vibrational levels (Feshbach resonances) of the dipole-bound states. This Perspective describes recent progress in the investigation of dipole-bound states in the authors' lab using an electrospray photoelectron spectroscopy apparatus equipped with a cryogenically cooled Paul trap and high-resolution photoelectron imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Rou Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Dao-Fu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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2
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Ouyang L, Lin H, Zhuang P, Shao Y, Khosravifarsani M, Guérin B, Zheng Y, Sanche L. DNA radiosensitization by terpyridine-platinum: damage induced by 5 and 10 eV transient anions. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:3230-3242. [PMID: 36722902 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05403e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemoradiation therapy (CRT), which combines a chemotherapeutic drug with ionizing radiation (IR), is the most common cancer treatment. At the molecular level, the binding of Pt-drugs to DNA sensitizes cancer cells to IR, mostly by increasing the damage induced by secondary low-energy (0-20 eV) electrons (LEEs). We investigate such enhancements by binding terpyridine-platinum (Tpy-Pt) to supercoiled plasmid DNA. Fifteen nanometer thick films of Tpy-Pt-DNA complexes in a molar ratio of 5 : 1 were irradiated with monoenergetic electrons of 5 and 10 eV, which principally attach to the DNA bases to form transient anions (TAs) decaying into a multitude of bond-breaking channels. At both energies, the effective yields of crosslinks (CLs), base damage (BD) related CLs, single and double strand breaks (SSBs and DSBs), non-DSB-cluster lesions, loss of supercoiled configuration and base lesions are 6.5 ± 1.5, 8.8± 3.0, 88 ± 11, 5.3 ± 1.3, 9.6 ± 2.2, 106 ± 17, 189 ± 31 × 10-15 per electron per molecule, and 11.9 ± 2.6, 19.9 ± 4.4, 128 ± 18, 7.7 ± 3.0, 13.4 ± 3.9, 144 ± 19, 229 ± 42 × 10-15 per electron per molecule, respectively. DNA damage increased 1.2-4.2-fold due to Tpy-Pt, the highest being for BD-related CLs. These enhancements are slightly higher than those obtained by the conventional Pt-drugs cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, apart from BD-related CLs, which are about 3 times higher. Enhancements are related to the strong perturbation of the DNA helix by Tpy-Pt, its high dipole moment and its favorable binding to guanine (G), all of which increase bond-breaking via TA formation. In CRT, Tpy-Pt could considerably enhance crosslinking within genomic DNA and between DNA and other components of the nucleus, causing roadblocks to replication and transcription, particularly within telomeres, where it binds preferentially within G-quadruplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangde Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Faculty of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Hong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Faculty of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Puxiang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Faculty of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Yu Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Faculty of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Meysam Khosravifarsani
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4.
| | - Brigitte Guérin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4.
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Faculty of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4.
| | - Léon Sanche
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4.
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3
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Zhang YR, Yuan DF, Qian CH, Wang LS. Observation of a dipole-bound excited state in 4-ethynylphenoxide and comparison with the quadrupole-bound excited state in the isoelectronic 4-cyanophenoxide. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:124305. [PMID: 34598564 DOI: 10.1063/5.0065510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Negative ions do not possess Rydberg states but can have Rydberg-like nonvalence excited states near the electron detachment threshold, including dipole-bound states (DBSs) and quadrupole-bound states (QBSs). While DBSs have been studied extensively, quadrupole-bound excited states have been more rarely observed. 4-cyanophenoxide (4CP-) was the first anion observed to possess a quadrupole-bound exited state 20 cm-1 below its detachment threshold. Here, we report the observation of a DBS in the isoelectronic 4-ethynylphenoxide anion (4EP-), providing a rare opportunity to compare the behaviors of a dipole-bound and a quadrupole-bound excited state in a pair of very similar anions. Photodetachment spectroscopy (PDS) of cryogenically cooled 4EP- reveals a DBS 76 cm-1 below its detachment threshold. Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) at 266 nm shows that the electronic structure of 4EP- and 4CP- is nearly identical. The observed vibrational features in both the PDS and PES, as well as autodetachment from the nonvalence excited states, are also found to be similar for both anions. However, resonant two-photon detachment (R2PD) from the bound vibrational ground state is observed to be very different for the DBS in 4EP- and the QBS in 4CP-. The R2PD spectra reveal that decays take place from both the DBS and QBS to the respective anion ground electronic states within the 5 ns detachment laser pulse due to internal conversion followed by intramolecular vibrational redistribution and relaxation, but the decay mechanisms appear to be very different. In the R2PD spectrum of 4EP-, we observe strong threshold electron signals, which are due to detachment, by the second photon, of highly rotationally excited anions resulted from the decay of the DBS. On the other hand, in the R2PD spectrum of 4CP-, we observe well-resolved vibrational peaks due to the three lowest-frequency vibrational modes of 4CP-, which are populated from the decay of the QBS. The different behaviors of the R2PD spectra suggest unexpected differences between the relaxation mechanisms of the dipole-bound and quadrupole-bound excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Rou Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Dao-Fu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Chen-Hui Qian
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
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4
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Liu G, Ciborowski SM, Graham JD, Buytendyk AM, Bowen KH. Photoelectron spectroscopic study of dipole-bound and valence-bound nitromethane anions formed by Rydberg electron transfer. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:044307. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0018346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Sandra M. Ciborowski
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Jacob D. Graham
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Allyson M. Buytendyk
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Castellani ME, Anstöter CS, Verlet JRR. On the stability of a dipole-bound state in the presence of a molecule. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:24286-24290. [PMID: 31663558 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04942h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dipole-bound states (DBSs) are diffuse non-valence molecular orbitals of anions where the electron is bound by the permanent dipole moment of the neutral core. Here, an experimental study of the stability of such orbitals under the influence of a perturbing molecular alkyl chain is presented. Photodetachment action and photoelectron imaging spectroscopy of five para-substituted phenolate anions with progressively longer alkyl chains show that the DBS survives in all cases, suggesting that the perturbation of the orbital is not critical to the existence of the DBS.
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Kunin A, Neumark DM. Time-resolved radiation chemistry: femtosecond photoelectron spectroscopy of electron attachment and photodissociation dynamics in iodide-nucleobase clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7239-7255. [PMID: 30855623 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07831a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Iodide-nucleobase (I-·N) clusters studied by time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (TRPES) are an opportune model system for examining radiative damage of DNA induced by low-energy electrons. By initiating charge transfer from iodide to the nucleobase and following the dynamics of the resulting transient negative ions (TNIs) with femtosecond time resolution, TRPES provides a novel window into the chemistry triggered by the attachment of low-energy electrons to nucleobases. In this Perspective, we examine and compare the dynamics of electron attachment, autodetachment, and photodissociation in a variety of I-·N clusters, including iodide-uracil (I-·U), iodide-thymine (I-·T), iodide-uracil-water (I-·U·H2O), and iodide-adenine (I-·A), to develop a more unified representation of our understanding of nucleobase TNIs. The experiments probe whether dipole-bound or valence-bound TNIs are formed initially and the subsequent time evolution of these species. We also provide an outlook for forthcoming applications of TRPES to larger iodide-containing complexes to enable the further investigation of microhydration dynamics in nucleobases, as well as electron attachment and photodissociation in more complex nucleic acid constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Kunin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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7
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Kelley M, Buathong S, Dunning FB. Very strong Rydberg atom scattering in K(12p)–CH3NO2collisions: Role of transient ion pair formation. J Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4982935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kelley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA
| | - S. Buathong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA
| | - F. B. Dunning
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA
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8
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Stephansen AB, King SB, Yokoi Y, Minoshima Y, Li WL, Kunin A, Takayanagi T, Neumark DM. Dynamics of dipole- and valence bound anions in iodide-adenine binary complexes: A time-resolved photoelectron imaging and quantum mechanical investigation. J Chem Phys 2016; 143:104308. [PMID: 26374036 DOI: 10.1063/1.4929995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Dipole bound (DB) and valence bound (VB) anions of binary iodide-adenine complexes have been studied using one-color and time-resolved photoelectron imaging at excitation energies near the vertical detachment energy. The experiments are complemented by quantum chemical calculations. One-color spectra show evidence for two adenine tautomers, the canonical, biologically relevant A9 tautomer and the A3 tautomer. In the UV-pump/IR-probe time-resolved experiments, transient adenine anions can be formed by electron transfer from the iodide. These experiments show signals from both DB and VB states of adenine anions formed on femto- and picosecond time scales, respectively. Analysis of the spectra and comparison with calculations suggest that while both the A9 and A3 tautomers contribute to the DB signal, only the DB state of the A3 tautomer undergoes a transition to the VB anion. The VB anion of A9 is higher in energy than both the DB anion and the neutral, and the VB anion is therefore not accessible through the DB state. Experimental evidence of the metastable A9 VB anion is instead observed as a shape resonance in the one-color photoelectron spectra, as a result of UV absorption by A9 and subsequent electron transfer from iodide into the empty π-orbital. In contrast, the iodide-A3 complex constitutes an excellent example of how DB states can act as doorway state for VB anion formation when the VB state is energetically available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne B Stephansen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 København Ø, Denmark
| | - Sarah B King
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yuki Yokoi
- Department of Chemistry, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Yusuke Minoshima
- Department of Chemistry, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Wei-Li Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Alice Kunin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Toshiyuki Takayanagi
- Department of Chemistry, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Daniel M Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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9
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Kunin A, Li WL, Neumark DM. Time-resolved photoelectron imaging of iodide–nitromethane (I−·CH3NO2) photodissociation dynamics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:33226-33232. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06646a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dissociation to reform iodide was found to be non-statistical and is predicted to be limited by intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Kunin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - Wei-Li Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - Daniel M. Neumark
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Berkeley
- USA
- Chemical Sciences Division
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10
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Thompson MC, Baraban JH, Matthews DA, Stanton JF, Weber JM. Heavy atom vibrational modes and low-energy vibrational autodetachment in nitromethane anions. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:234304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4922609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Thompson
- JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, 440 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, 215UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
| | - Joshua H. Baraban
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, 215UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
| | - Devin A. Matthews
- Institute for Computational Engineering and Science, University of Texas at Austin, 201 E. 24th St., Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - John F. Stanton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, USA
| | - J. Mathias Weber
- JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, 440 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, 215UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
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11
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Yandell MA, King SB, Neumark DM. Decay dynamics of nascent acetonitrile and nitromethane dipole-bound anions produced by intracluster charge-transfer. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:184317. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4875021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Kubala D, Regeta K, Janečková R, Fedor J, Grimme S, Hansen A, Nesvadba P, Allan M. The electronic structure of TEMPO, its cation and anion. Mol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.781695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Kubala
- Département de Chimie, Université de Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - K. Regeta
- Département de Chimie, Université de Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - R. Janečková
- Département de Chimie, Université de Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - J. Fedor
- Département de Chimie, Université de Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - S. Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn , Bonn, Germany
| | - A. Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn , Bonn, Germany
| | | | - M. Allan
- Département de Chimie, Université de Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland
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Ferreira da Silva F, Ptasińska S, Denifl S, Gschliesser D, Postler J, Matias C, Märk TD, Limão-Vieira P, Scheier P. Electron interaction with nitromethane embedded in helium droplets: attachment and ionization measurements. J Chem Phys 2012; 135:174504. [PMID: 22070303 DOI: 10.1063/1.3656680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Results of a detailed study on electron interactions with nitromethane (CH(3)NO(2)) embedded in helium nanodroplets are reported. Anionic and cationic products formed are analysed by mass spectrometry. When the doped helium droplets are irradiated with low-energy electrons of about 2 eV kinetic energy, exclusively parent cluster anions (CH(3)NO(2))(n)(-) are formed. At 8.5 eV, three anion cluster series are observed, i.e., (CH(3)NO(2))(n)(-), [(CH(3)NO(2))(n)-H](-), and (CH(3)NO(2))(n)NO(2)(-), the latter being the most abundant. The results obtained for anions are compared with previous electron attachment studies with bare nitromethane and nitromethane condensed on a surface. The cation chemistry (induced by electron ionization of the helium matrix at 70 eV and subsequent charge transfer from He(+) to the dopant cluster) is dominated by production of methylated and protonated nitromethane clusters, (CH(3)NO(2))(n)CH(3)(+) and (CH(3)NO(2))(n)H(+).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ferreira da Silva
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Centre of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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14
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Adams CL, Knurr BJ, Weber JM. Photoelectron spectroscopy of 1-nitropropane and 1-nitrobutane anions. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:064307. [PMID: 22360187 DOI: 10.1063/1.3683250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present low-energy velocity map photoelectron imaging results for bare and Ar-solvated 1-nitropropane and 1-nitrobutane anions. We report the adiabatic electron affinity of 1-nitropropane as (223 ± 6) meV and that of 1-nitrobutane as (240 ± 6 meV). The vertical detachment energies of these two species are found to be (0.92 ± 0.05) and (0.88 ± 0.05) eV, respectively. The photoelectron spectra are discussed in the framework of Franck-Condon simulations based on density functional theory. We observe unusual resonances in the photoelectron spectra of both ions under study, whose kinetic energy is independent of the photon energy of the detaching radiation. We discuss possible origins of these resonances as rescattering phenomena, consistent with the experimental photoelectron angular distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Adams
- JILA, NIST and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
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15
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Buslov EY, Zon BA. Role of rotational states in the charge exchange of a dipole-bound anion with a polar molecule. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s199079311109003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Adams CL, Weber JM. Photoelectron imaging spectroscopy of nitroethane anions. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:244301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3602467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Van Duzor M, Mbaiwa F, Lasinski J, Holtgrewe N, Mabbs R. I−·(CH3I)2 photoexcitation: The influence of dipole bound states on detachment and fragmentation. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:214301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3594177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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19
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Bull JN, Maclagan RG, Harland PW. Orientation dependence of the Na + CH3NO2 charge-transfer reaction. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970902755017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Motegi H, Takayanagi T, Tsuneda T, Yagi K, Nakanishi R, Nagata T. Theoretical study on the excess electron binding mechanism in the [CH(3)NO(2).(H(2)O)(n)](-) (n = 1-6) anion clusters. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:8939-47. [PMID: 20681536 DOI: 10.1021/jp1041124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The excess electron binding mechanism of the anionic nitromethane-water clusters was theoretically investigated using the potential energy surfaces calculated by high-level electronic structure theories. The mechanism was first studied for the dipole-bound and valence-bound anionic states of the CH(3)NO(2)(-) monomer with the ab initio multireference configuration interaction method to reveal the electron transformation process between these anionic states in detail. As a result, it was found that both the NO(2) tilting angle and NO distances play an essential role in this electron transformation. Following this result, various water solvation structures of the valence-bound CH(3)NO(2)(-) anion were optimized with up to six water solvents using the second-order Møller-Plesset (MP2) method. The calculated results predicted that the vertical detachment energy of the valence-bound CH(3)NO(2)(-) anion increases gradually with the hydration number, as is consistent with recent experimental observations. We also investigated metastable complexes composed of CH(3)NO(2) and (H(2)O)(6)(-) by using the MP2 and long-range corrected density functional theory calculations. Two types of dipole-bound forms were obtained for the [CH(3)NO(2).(H(2)O)(6)] anion complex. In one form the excess electron is internally suspended between the two moieties while in the other form two dipolar moieties are cooperatively arranged to reinforce the electron-dipole interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Motegi
- Department of Chemistry, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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21
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Antunes R, Almeida D, Martins G, Mason NJ, Garcia G, Maneira MJP, Nunes Y, Limão-Vieira P. Negative ion formation in potassium-nitromethane collisions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:12513-9. [PMID: 20721400 DOI: 10.1039/c004467a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ion-pair formation in gaseous nitromethane (CH(3)NO(2)) induced by electron transfer has been studied by investigating the products of collisions between fast potassium atoms and nitromethane molecules using a crossed molecular-beam technique. The negative ions formed in such collisions were analysed using time-of-flight mass spectroscopy. The six most dominant product anions are NO(2)(-), O(-), CH(3)NO(2)(-), OH(-), CH(2)NO(2)(-) and CNO(-). By using nitromethane-d(3) (CD(3)NO(2)), we found that previous mass 17 amu assignment to O(-) delayed fragment, is in the present experiment may be unambiguously assigned to OH(-). The formation of CH(2)NO(2)(-) may be explained in terms of dissociative electron attachment to highly vibrationally excited molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Antunes
- Laboratório de Colisões Atómicas e Moleculares, CEFITEC, Departamento de Física, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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22
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Adams CL, Schneider H, Weber JM. Vibrational Autodetachment−Intramolecular Vibrational Relaxation Translated into Electronic Motion. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:4017-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jp910675n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. L. Adams
- JILA, NIST, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309
| | - H. Schneider
- JILA, NIST, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309
| | - J. M. Weber
- JILA, NIST, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309
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23
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Bull JN, Maclagan RGAR, Harland PW. On the Electron Affinity of Nitromethane (CH3NO2). J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:3622-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9113317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James N. Bull
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Robert G. A. R. Maclagan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Peter W. Harland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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24
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Nakanishi R, Nagata T. Formation and photodestruction of dual dipole-bound anion (H2O)6{e−}CH3NO2. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:224309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3152636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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25
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Adams CL, Schneider H, Ervin KM, Weber JM. Low-energy photoelectron imaging spectroscopy of nitromethane anions: Electron affinity, vibrational features, anisotropies, and the dipole-bound state. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:074307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3076892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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26
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Cannon M, Liu Y, Suess L, Dunning FB. Dipole-bound CH3CN- ions: temperature dependence of ion production rates and lifetimes. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:244307. [PMID: 18601332 DOI: 10.1063/1.2944268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of long-lived (tau less, similar10 mus) dipole-bound CH(3)CN(-) ions through electron transfer in K(14p)CH(3)CN collisions is investigated as a function of target temperature. The rate for their formation is observed to decrease steadily with increasing target temperature. The results are consistent with earlier suggestions that only target molecules in the ground vibrational state and low-lying rotational states can form long-lived dipole-bound anions. For CH(3)CN, the data indicate that creation of long-lived ions requires that the target molecules be in states with rotational quantum numbers j less, similar20. The measurements further demonstrate that the lifetime of the longest-lived (tau greater, similar50 mus) ions is limited by blackbody-radiation-induced photodetachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cannon
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and the Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA.
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27
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Hao XY, Xu X. Asymmetrically solvated anion with both kinetic and thermodynamic stabilities: Theoretical studies on the cluster anions (HF)n - (n=3-6). J Chem Phys 2007; 126:154308. [PMID: 17461627 DOI: 10.1063/1.2718953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
At the level of MP2 with the aug-cc-pVDZ and aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets supplemented with diffuse bond functions, the authors searched the potential energy surfaces of (HF)(n) (-) (n=3-6). In accordance with the literature, they found that the symmetrically solvated-electron anion (3(FH){e}) possesses the largest vertical detachment energy (VDE), while the dipole-bound anion ((FH)(3){e}) is the lowest isomer in energy for (HF)(3) (-). Their calculations demonstrated that, with the increase of the cluster size, the asymmetric (FH)(a){e}(HF)(b) cluster is stabilized with a simultaneously increased VDE. Thus they predicted that, for (HF)(6) (-), the (FH)(4){e}(HF)(2) cluster is both kinetically and thermodynamically most stable, possessing the largest VDE and being the global minimum at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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28
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Liu Y, Cannon M, Suess L, Dunning F, Chernov V, Zon B. Electron transfer in collisions of dipole-bound anions with polar targets. Chem Phys Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.10.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Brooks PR, Harland PW, Redden CE. Electron Transfer from Sodium to Oriented Nitromethane, CH3NO2: Probing the Spatial Extent of Unoccupied Orbitals. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:4773-8. [PMID: 16594714 DOI: 10.1021/ja058206t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Beams of sodium atoms with energies of a few eV are crossed with a beam of oriented CH3NO2 molecules to study the effect of collision energy and orientation on electron transfer. The electron transfer produces Na+ ions and free electrons, parent negative ions (CH)NO2-), and fragmentation ions NO2- and O- in proportions that depend on the collision energy. The steric asymmetry is very small or zero and suggests that production of all of the ions is favored by sideways attack with respect to the permanent dipole along the C-N axis. In these experiments, the electron appears to be transferred into the 2B1 state of the anion comprising mainly the pi*NO LUMO, producing a valence-bound state rather than a dipole-bound state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Brooks
- Chemistry Department and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77001, USA
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30
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Suess L, Liu Y, Parthasarathy R, Dunning FB. Rydberg electron transfer to C6H5NO2: lifetimes and characteristics of the product C6H5NO2- ions. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:124315. [PMID: 15836386 DOI: 10.1063/1.1869983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature of electron binding in C6H5NO2- ions produced by Rydberg electron transfer in K(np)C6H5NO2 collisions is investigated through measurements of the number and the lifetimes of the product ions and their dependence on Rydberg atom velocity and principal quantum number n in the range 12 <or approximately n <or approximately 30. The data are interpreted by comparison to results obtained using well-known dipole-bound and valence-bound anions. At high n direct capture into valence-bound states with a lifetime of approximately 1.6 ms is observed. At low n the data suggest that, while direct capture into valence-bound states is still possible, the majority of the observed C6H5NO2- ions result from the onset of a second reaction channel that involves the formation of a dipole-bound "doorway" state that rapidly evolves into a state with predominantly valence-bound character. These findings are discussed in the light of earlier work on electron binding to C6H5NO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Suess
- Rice University MS-61, Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Rice Quantum Institute, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA
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31
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Suess L, Liu Y, Parthasarathy R, Dunning FB. Dynamics of Rydberg electron transfer to CH3CN: velocity dependent studies. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:7162-8. [PMID: 15473783 DOI: 10.1063/1.1795651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of free-ion production through electron transfer in K(np)/CH3CN collisions are examined through measurements using velocity-selected Rydberg atoms. The data show that Rydberg electron transfer leads to the creation of two groups of dipole-bound CH3CN- ions, one long lived (tau>85 micros), the other short lived (tau<1 micros). The velocity dependences associated with the production of both groups of ions are similar, the ion formation rate decreasing markedly with decreasing Rydberg atom velocity, principally as a consequence of postattachment electrostatic interactions between the product ions. The results are in reasonable accord with the predictions of a Monte Carlo collision model that considers the effect of crossings between the diabatic potential curves for the covalent K(np)/CH3CN system and the K+/CH3CN- ion pair. This model also accounts for the relatively small reaction rate constants, approximately 0.5-1.0 x 1.0(-8) cm(3) s(-1), associated with the formation of long-lived CH3CN- ions. No velocity dependence in the lifetime of the CH3CN- ions is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Suess
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA
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32
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Sommerfeld T. Intramolecular Electron Transfer from Dipole-Bound to Valence Orbitals: Uracil and 5-Chlorouracil. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp049082u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sommerfeld
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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33
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Arenas JF, Otero JC, Peláez D, Soto J, Serrano-Andrés L. Multiconfigurational second-order perturbation study of the decomposition of the radical anion of nitromethane. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:4127-32. [PMID: 15332959 DOI: 10.1063/1.1772357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The doublet potential energy surfaces involved in the decomposition of the nitromethane radical anion (CH(3)NO(2) (-)) have been studied by using the multistate extension of the multiconfigurational second-order perturbation method (MS-CASPT2) in conjunction with large atomic natural orbital-type basis sets. A very low energy barrier is found for the decomposition reaction: CH(3)NO(2) (-)-->[CH(3)NO(2)](-)-->CH(3)+NO(2) (-). No evidence has been obtained on the existence of an isomerization channel leading to the initial formation of the methylnitrite anion (CH(3)ONO(-)) which, in a subsequent reaction, would yield nitric oxide (NO). In contrast, it is suggested that NO is formed through the bimolecular reaction: CH(3)+NO(2) (-)-->[CH(3)O-N-O](-)-->CH(3)O(-)+NO. In particular, the CASSCF/MS-CASPT2 results indicate that the methylnitrite radical anion CH(3)ONO(-) does not represent a minimum energy structure, as concluded by using density functional theory (DFT) methodologies. The inverse symmetry breaking effect present in DFT is demonstrated to be responsible for such erroneous prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Arenas
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, E-29071-Malaga, Spain.
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34
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Qu ZW, Zhu H, Zhang RB, Zhang XD, Ai XC, Zhang XK, Zhang QY. Cycloreversion of Formylcyclobutane Radical Anion: Two-Step Rotating Mechanism. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp031307y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-wang Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P.R. China, and Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, Göttingen D-37073, Germany
| | - Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P.R. China, and Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, Göttingen D-37073, Germany
| | - Ru-bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P.R. China, and Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, Göttingen D-37073, Germany
| | - Xiao-dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P.R. China, and Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, Göttingen D-37073, Germany
| | - Xi-cheng Ai
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P.R. China, and Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, Göttingen D-37073, Germany
| | - Xing-kang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P.R. China, and Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, Göttingen D-37073, Germany
| | - Qi-yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P.R. China, and Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, Göttingen D-37073, Germany
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35
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Svozil D, Jungwirth P, Havlas Z. Electron Binding to Nucleic Acid Bases. Experimental and Theoretical Studies. A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc20041395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
An in-depth knowledge of an excess electron binding mechanism to DNA and RNA nucleobases is important for our understanding of radiation damage influence on the biological functions of nucleic acids, as well as for the possible use of DNA molecules as wires in molecular electronic circuits. The of anions created by electron attachment to individual nucleic acid bases is discussed in detail. The principles of the experimental and theoretical approaches to the description of these anions are outlined, and the available results concerning valence- and dipole-bound anions of nucleic acid bases are reviewed. A review with 167 references.
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36
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Suess L, Liu Y, Parthasarathy R, Dunning FB. Dipole-bound negative ions: Collisional destruction and blackbody-radiation-induced photodetachment. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1628215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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37
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Suess L, Parthasarathy R, Dunning FB. Rydberg electron transfer to CH3NO2: Lifetimes and characteristics of the product CH3NO2− ions. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1615516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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38
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Suess L, Parthasarathy R, Dunning F. Rydberg electron transfer to CS2: properties of the product CS2− ions. Chem Phys Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(03)00480-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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39
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Abstract
The problem of the binding of an excess electron to polar molecules and their clusters has long fascinated researchers. Although excess electrons bound to such species tend to be very extended spatially and to have little spatial overlap with the valence electrons of the neutral molecules, inclusion of electron correlation effects is essential for quantitatively describing the electron binding. The major electron correlation contribution may be viewed as a dispersion interaction between the excess electron and the electrons of the molecule or cluster. Recent work using a one-electron Drude model to describe excess electrons interacting with polar molecules is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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40
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Weber JM, Robertson WH, Johnson MA. Argon predissociation and electron autodetachment spectroscopy of size-selected CH3NO2−⋅Arn clusters. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1418251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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