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Gómez JS, Trébosc J, Tuan Duong N, Pourpoint F, Lafon O, Amoureux JP. Comparison of through-space homonuclear correlations between quadrupolar nuclei in solids. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2023; 348:107388. [PMID: 36841183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Various two-dimensional (2D) homonuclear correlation experiments have been proposed to observe proximities between identical half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei in solids. These experiments select either the single- or double-quantum coherences during the indirect evolution period, t1. We compare here the efficiency and the robustness of the 2D double-quantum to single-quantum (DQ-SQ) and SQ-SQ homonuclear correlations for two half-integer spin quadrupolar isotopes subject to small chemical shift anisotropy (CSA): 11B with a nuclear spin I = 3/2 and 27Al with I = 5/2. Such a comparison is performed using experiments on two model samples: Li2B4O7 for 11B and AlPO4-14 for 27Al. For both isotopes, the DQ-SQ homonuclear correlations are recommended since they allow probing the proximities between nuclei with close or identical frequencies. In the case of small or moderate isotropic chemical shift differences (e.g. 11B) the [SR221] or [BR221] bracketed DQ-SQ recoupling schemes are recommended; whereas it is the BR221 un-bracketed one otherwise (e.g. 27Al).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Gómez
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille 59000, France
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, FR 2638 - IMEC - Fédération Chevreul, Lille 59000, France
| | - Nghia Tuan Duong
- Nano-Crystallography Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Frédérique Pourpoint
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille 59000, France
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille 59000, France.
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille 59000, France; Bruker Biospin, 34 rue de l'industrie, Wissembourg 67166, France.
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Yu Y, Keil P, Stevensson B, Hansen MR, Edén M. Assessment of new symmetry-based dipolar recoupling schemes for homonuclear magnetization exchange between quadrupolar nuclei in two-dimensional correlation MAS NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2020; 316:106734. [PMID: 32590307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We provide an extensive experimental and numerical evaluation of MQ-phase (S)M supercycles with M={3,4} of three groups of symmetry-based homonuclear dipolar recoupling rf-pulse sequences, [Formula: see text] , for establishing proximities among half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei under moderately fast magic-angle-spinning (MAS) conditions in single-quantum-single-quantum (1Q-1Q) correlation NMR experiments. The relative merits of the (S)M schemes for variations in resonance offsets and rf-amplitude errors were assessed by numerically simulated magnetization transfers in spin-3/2 pairs with variable isotropic chemical shifts and quadrupolar coupling constants. Experimental demonstrations of 23Na (spin-3/2) NMR on Na2MoO4·2H2O and 27Al (spin-5/2) NMR on AlPO-CJ19 [(NH4)2Al4(PO4)4HPO4·H2O] are presented at 14.1 T and 24 kHz MAS. We recommend using the (SR221)3 or (SR221)4 supercycles for samples that exhibit small chemical-shift dispersions (<3 kHz), and any (SRNNN/2)3 scheme with N⩾10 for larger spreads of isotropic chemical shifts. However, because the (SRNNN/2)3 sequences recouple heteronuclear dipolar interactions, their application to proton-bearing samples requires high-power proton decoupling during the mixing period. Alternatively, the (SR241)3 and (SR241)4 schemes may be employed in the absence of proton decoupling, but with poorer compensation to resonance-offsets and rf-amplitude errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philipp Keil
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48 149 Münster, Germany
| | - Baltzar Stevensson
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48 149 Münster, Germany
| | - Mattias Edén
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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3
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Yu Y, Keil P, Hansen MR, Edén M. Improved Magnetization Transfers among Quadrupolar Nuclei in Two-Dimensional Homonuclear Correlation NMR Experiments Applied to Inorganic Network Structures. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020337. [PMID: 31947638 PMCID: PMC7024165 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that supercycles of previously introduced two-fold symmetry dipolar recoupling schemes may be utilized successfully in homonuclear correlation nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for probing proximities among half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei in network materials undergoing magic-angle-spinning (MAS). These (SR221)M, (SR241)M, and (SR281)M recoupling sequences with M=3 and M=4 offer comparably efficient magnetization transfers in single-quantum–single-quantum (1Q–1Q) correlation NMR experiments under moderately fast MAS conditions, as demonstrated at 14.1 T and 24 kHz MAS in the contexts of 11B NMR on a Na2O–CaO–B2O3–SiO2 glass and 27Al NMR on the open framework aluminophosphate AlPO-CJ19 [(NH4)2Al4(PO4)4HPO4·H2O]. Numerically simulated magnetization transfers in spin–3/2 pairs revealed a progressively enhanced tolerance to resonance offsets and rf-amplitude errors of the recoupling pulses along the series (SR221)M< (SR241)M< (SR281)M for increasing differences in chemical shifts between the two nuclei. Nonetheless, for scenarios of a relatively minor chemical-shift dispersions (≲3 kHz), the (SR221)M supercycles perform best both experimentally and in simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Philipp Keil
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48 149 Münster, Germany; (P.K.); (M.R.H.)
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48 149 Münster, Germany; (P.K.); (M.R.H.)
| | - Mattias Edén
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Correspondence:
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Wang Q, Li Y, Trébosc J, Lafon O, Xu J, Hu B, Feng N, Chen Q, Amoureux JP, Deng F. Population transfer HMQC for half-integer quadrupolar nuclei. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:094201. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4913683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids (UCCS), CNRS UMR-8181, University of Lille, 59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids (UCCS), CNRS UMR-8181, University of Lille, 59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids (UCCS), CNRS UMR-8181, University of Lille, 59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Jun Xu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Bingwen Hu
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Ningdong Feng
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qun Chen
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids (UCCS), CNRS UMR-8181, University of Lille, 59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Feng Deng
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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Iuga D, Holland D, Dupree R. A 3D experiment that provides isotropic homonuclear correlations of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2014; 246:122-129. [PMID: 25123541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two 3D experiments, capable of producing enhanced resolution two-spin double-quantum (DQ) homonuclear correlations for half-integer quadrupolar nuclei, are described. The first uses a split-t1 MQMAS sequence followed by a sandwiched oR(3) symmetry-based dipolar recoupling sequence to directly excite DQ coherences. In this case an isotropic single-quantum (SQ) coherence starts the homonuclear DQ excitation. In the second experiment a single strong pulse is used to create triple quantum (TQ) coherence followed by a further single pulse conversion to zero-order before a non-sandwiched oR(3) DQ sequence. The first experiment is demonstrated using (87)Rb in RbNO3, with three Rb sites in a ∼5ppm range, and the second to (11)B in caesium triborate, CsB3O5, with two three-coordinated sites separated by ∼2ppm and one four-coordinated boron site. In both cases, all sites are clearly resolved and their connections observed. The second experiment has higher sensitivity and a good signal to noise is obtained in a reasonable time despite the long T1 relaxation time of (11)B in this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinu Iuga
- Physics Department, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL Coventry, UK.
| | - Diane Holland
- Physics Department, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL Coventry, UK
| | - Ray Dupree
- Physics Department, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL Coventry, UK
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6
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Perras FA, Bryce DL. Measuring dipolar and J coupling between quadrupolar nuclei using double-rotation NMR. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:174202. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4802192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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7
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Eliav U, Goldbourt A. The combined effect of quadrupolar and dipolar interactions on the excitation and evolution of triple quantum coherences in ⁷Li solid state magic angle spinning NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2013; 230:227-235. [PMID: 23481861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2013.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Magic-angle spinning triple-quantum NMR spectra of lithium-7 provide enhanced spectral dispersion for the inherent low chemical shift range of this nucleus, while maintaining linewidths, which are free of any quadrupolar broadening to first order. Since the quadrupolar interaction of (7)Li is very small, in the order of the radio frequency nutation frequencies and only moderately larger than the spinning rates, such spectra are also only marginally affected by the second order quadrupolar interaction under large magnetic fields. In the current study we demonstrate that the existence of two and more proximate (7)Li spins, as encountered in many materials, affects both excitation and evolution of triple-quantum coherences due to the combined effect of quadrupolar and homonuclear dipolar interactions. We show that the generation of (7)Li triple-quantum coherences using two π/2 pulses separated by one-half rotor period is superior in such cases to a single pulse excitation since the excitation time is shorter; thus the maximum signal is only marginally affected by the homonuclear dipolar couplings. When the quadrupolar-dipolar cross terms dominate the spectra, single- and triple-quantum lineshapes are very similar and therefore a true gain in dispersion is maintained in the latter spectrum. The effects of quadrupolar-dipolar cross terms are experimentally demonstrated by comparing a natural abundance and a (6)Li-diluted samples of lithium acetate, resulting in the possibility of efficient excitation of triple quantum coherences over longer periods of time, and in longer life times of triple-quantum coherences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzi Eliav
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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8
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9
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Brinkmann A, Edén M. Estimating internuclear distances between half-integer quadrupolar nuclei by central-transition double-quantum sideband NMR spectroscopy. CAN J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1139/v11-020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the estimation of homonuclear dipolar couplings, and thereby internuclear distances, between half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei by central-transition (CT) double-quantum (2Q) sideband nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It is shown that the rotor-encoded sideband amplitudes from CT 2Q coherences in the indirect dimension of the two-dimensional NMR spectrum are sensitive probes of the magnitude of the homonuclear dipolar coupling, but are significantly less affected by other NMR parameters such as the magnitudes and orientations of the electric field gradient tensors. Experimental results of employing the [Formula: see text] recoupling sequence to the 11B spin pair of bis(catecholato)diboron resulted in an estimation of the internuclear B–B distance as (169.6 ± 3) pm, i.e., with a relative uncertainty of ±2%, and in excellent agreement with the distance of 167.8 pm determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brinkmann
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council, 1200 Montreal Road, M-40, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Mattias Edén
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Barrow NS, Yates JR, Feller SA, Holland D, Ashbrook SE, Hodgkinson P, Brown SP. Towards homonuclear J solid-state NMR correlation experiments for half-integer quadrupolar nuclei: experimental and simulated 11B MAS spin-echo dephasing and calculated 2JBB coupling constants for lithium diborate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:5778-89. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02343d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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11
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Wang Q, Hu B, Lafon O, Trébosc J, Deng F, Amoureux JP. Double-quantum homonuclear NMR correlation spectroscopy of quadrupolar nuclei subjected to magic-angle spinning and high magnetic field. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2009; 200:251-260. [PMID: 19646906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Revised: 07/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a new application of the R2(2)(1) symmetry-based dipolar recoupling scheme, for exciting directly double-quantum (2Q) coherences between the central transition of homonuclear half-integer quadrupolar nuclei. With respect to previously published 2Q-recoupling methods (M. Eden, D. Zhou, J. Yu, Chem. Phys. Lett. 431 (2006) 397), the R2(2)(1) sequence is used without pi/2 bracketing pulses and with an original super-cycling. This leads to an improved efficiency (a factor of two for spin-5/2) and to a much higher robustness to radio-frequency field inhomogeneity and resonance offset. The 2Q-coherence excitation performances are demonstrated experimentally by (27)Al NMR experiments on the aluminophosphates berlinite, VPI5, AlPO(4)-14, and AlPO(4)-CJ3. The two-dimensional 2Q-1Q correlation experiments incorporating these recoupling sequences allow the observation of 2Q cross-peaks between central transitions, even at high magnetic field where the difference in offset between octahedral and tetrahedral (27)Al sites exceeds 10 kHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Wang
- UCCS, CNRS-8181, Lille University, Fr-59652, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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12
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Edén M, Lo AYH. Supercycled symmetry-based double-quantum dipolar recoupling of quadrupolar spins in MAS NMR: I. Theory. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2009; 200:267-279. [PMID: 19648039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2009] [Revised: 07/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Using average Hamiltonian (AH) theory, we analyze recently introduced homonuclear dipolar recoupling pulse sequences for exciting central-transition double-quantum coherences (2QC) between half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei undergoing magic-angle-spinning. Several previously observed differences among the recoupling schemes concerning their compensation to resonance offsets and radio-frequency (rf) inhomogeneity may qualitatively be rationalized by an AH analysis up to third perturbation order, despite its omission of first-order quadrupolar interactions. General aspects of the engineering of 2Q-recoupling pulse sequences applicable to half-integer spins are discussed, emphasizing the improvements offered from a diversity of supercycles providing enhanced suppression of undesirable AH cross-terms between resonance offsets and rf amplitude errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Edén
- Physical Chemistry Division, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Edén M. Homonuclear dipolar recoupling of half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei: techniques and applications. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2009; 36:1-10. [PMID: 19595580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We review recent advances in solid state NMR methodology for recovering homonuclear dipolar interactions among half-integer quadrupolar spins undergoing sample rotation. Existing dipolar recoupling techniques are contrasted, based on (i) the form of their associated dipolar Hamiltonian, (ii) the different experimental conditions necessitating their realization and (iii) their roles as components in multi-dimensional NMR correlation spectroscopy. Various types of structural information accessible from such solid state NMR experimentation is reviewed. Promises and limitations of methodologies targeting homonuclear dipolar couplings between half-integer spins under high-resolution conditions are discussed, with particular focus on the demands set for structural investigations of crystalline as well as structurally disordered (amorphous) inorganic network materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Edén
- Physical Chemistry Division, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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14
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Edén M. Determination of absolute quadrupolar tensor orientations by double-quantum NMR on powders. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Brinkmann A, Kentgens APM, Anupõld T, Samoson A. Symmetry-based recoupling in double-rotation NMR spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2009; 129:174507. [PMID: 19045358 DOI: 10.1063/1.3005395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, we extend the theory of symmetry-based pulse sequences of types CN(n) (nu) and RN(n) (nu) in magic-angle-spinning nuclear resonance spectroscopy [M. H. Levitt, in Encyclopedia of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, edited by D. M. Grant and R. K. Harris (Wiley, Chichester, 2002), Vol. 9]. to the case of rotating the sample simultaneously around two different angles with respect to the external magnetic field (double-rotation). We consider the case of spin-1/2 nuclei in general and the case of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei that are subjected to weak radio frequency pulses operating selectively on the central-transition polarizations. The transformation properties of the homonuclear dipolar interactions and J-couplings under central-transition-selective spin rotations are presented. We show that the pulse sequence R2(2) (1)R2(2) (-1) originally developed for homonuclear dipolar recoupling of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei under magic-angle-spinning conditions [M. Eden, D. Zhou, and J. Yu, Chem. Phys. Lett. 431, 397 (2006)] may be used for the same purpose in the case of double rotation, if the radio frequency pulses are synchronized with the outer rotation of the sample. We apply this sequence, sandwiched by central-transition selective 90 degrees pulses, to excite double-quantum coherences in homonuclear spin systems consisting of (23)Na and (27)Al nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brinkmann
- Physical Chemistry/Solid State NMR, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Lo AYH, Edén M. Efficient symmetry-based homonuclear dipolar recoupling of quadrupolar spins: double-quantum NMR correlations in amorphous solids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:6635-44. [DOI: 10.1039/b808295b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Mali G. Spin-locking and recoupling of homonuclear dipolar interaction between spin-3/2 nuclei under magic-angle sample spinning. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2007; 185:318-25. [PMID: 17258483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2007.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2006] [Revised: 01/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/10/2007] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Numerical simulations and experiments were used to examine the possibility of employing strong spin-lock fields for recoupling of homonuclear dipolar interactions between spin-3/2 quadrupolar nuclei and to compare it to the rotary-resonance recoupling at weak spin-lock fields. It was shown that strong spin-lock pulses under MAS conditions can lead to recoupling, provided that the electric-field gradient principal axes systems of the coupled nuclei are aligned and that their quadrupolar coupling constants are approximately the same. The phenomenon is based on the fact that strong spin-lock pulses induce adiabatic transfer of magnetization between the central-transition coherence and the triple-quantum coherence with equal periodicity as is the periodicity of the time-dependent dipolar coupling. Because of the synchronous variation of the state of the spin system and of the dipolar interaction, the effect of the latter on the central-transition coherence and on the triple-quantum coherence is not averaged out by sample rotation. The approach is, however, very sensitive to the relative orientation of the electric-field gradient principal axes systems and therefore less robust than the approach based on weak spin-lock pulses that satisfy rotary-resonance condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Mali
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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19
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Kentgens APM, van Eck ERH, Ajithkumar TG, Anupõld T, Past J, Reinhold A, Samoson A. New opportunities for double rotation NMR of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2006; 178:212-9. [PMID: 16249109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2005.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2005] [Revised: 09/30/2005] [Accepted: 09/30/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A combined approach is presented which expands the applicability of double rotation (DOR) by overcoming its most prominent disadvantages: spinning stability and sensitivity. A new design using air-bearings for the inner rotor and a computer-assisted start-up procedure allows DOR operation over in principle unlimited time at outer rotor speeds of up to 2000Hz. Sensitivity enhancement of the DOR experiment is achieved by applying amplitude-modulated adiabatic pulses such as the double frequency sweep (DFS) before pulse excitation. Repeating the DFS enhancement and signal readout several times without allowing for spin-lattice relaxation leads to sensitivity enhancements of a factor 3 for (27)Al in various minerals. As a result, it becomes possible to study low sensitivity quadrupolar nuclei and various long duration 2D measurements can be performed routinely. Spinning is adequate to suppress residual homonuclear dipolar couplings in the spectral dimension of typical quadrupolar spin systems. In 2D-exchange spectroscopy, however, homonuclear correlation can still be established through dipolar-quadrupolar cross-terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno P M Kentgens
- Department of Physical Chemistry/Solid-State NMR, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, The Netherlands.
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Edén M, Annersten H, Zazzi Å. Pulse-assisted homonuclear dipolar recoupling of half-integer quadrupolar spins in magic-angle spinning NMR. Chem Phys Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Edén M, Frydman L. Homonuclear NMR Correlations between Half-Integer Quadrupolar Nuclei Undergoing Magic-Angle Spinning. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp035794t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Edén
- Chemical Physics Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Lucio Frydman
- Chemical Physics Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Kwak HT, Srinivasan P, Quine J, Massiot D, Gan Z. Satellite transition rotational resonance of homonuclear quadrupolar spins: magic-angle effect on spin-echo decay and inversion recovery. Chem Phys Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(03)00958-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Rovnyak D, Filip C, Itin B, Stern AS, Wagner G, Griffin RG, Hoch JC. Multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning spectroscopy using nonlinear sampling. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2003; 161:43-55. [PMID: 12660110 DOI: 10.1016/s1090-7807(02)00189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy is a relatively insensitive technique and many biomolecular applications operate near the limits of sensitivity and resolution. A particularly challenging example is detection of the quadrupolar nucleus 17O, due to its low natural abundance, large quadrupole couplings, and low gyromagnetic ratio. Yet the chemical shift of 17O spans almost 1000 ppm in organic molecules and it serves as a potentially unique reporter of hydrogen bonding in peptides, nucleic acids, and water, and as a valuable complement to 13C and 15N NMR. Recent developments including the multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning (MQMAS) experiment have enabled the detection of 17O in biological solids, but very long data acquisitions are required to achieve sufficient sensitivity and resolution. Here, we perform nonlinear sampling in the indirect dimension of MQMAS experiments to substantially reduce the total acquisition time and improve sensitivity and resolution. Nonlinear sampling prevents the use of the discrete Fourier transform; instead, we employ maximum entropy (MaxEnt) reconstruction. Nonlinearly sampled MQMAS spectra are shown to provide high resolution and sensitivity in several systems, including lithium sulfate monohydrate (LiSO(4)-H(2)17O) and L-asparagine monohydrate (H(2)17O). The combination of nonlinear sampling and MaxEnt reconstruction promises to make the application of 17O MQMAS practical in a wider range of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rovnyak
- MIT/Harvard Center for Magnetic Resonance, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 150 Albany Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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24
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Wi S, Logan JW, Sakellariou D, Walls JD, Pines A. Rotary resonance recoupling for half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1506907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Dowell NG, Ashbrook SE, Wimperis S. Relative Orientation of Quadrupole Tensors from High-Resolution NMR of Powdered Solids. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021315z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G. Dowell
- School of Chemistry, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, U.K
| | - Sharon E. Ashbrook
- School of Chemistry, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, U.K
| | - Stephen Wimperis
- School of Chemistry, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, U.K
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Edén M, Grinshtein J, Frydman L. High resolution 3D exchange NMR spectroscopy and the mapping of connectivities between half-integer quadrupolar nuclei. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:9708-9. [PMID: 12175220 DOI: 10.1021/ja020534v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach to the determination of structure and potential dynamics in the solid-state NMR spectroscopy of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei is proposed and demonstrated. The new experiment combines into a single three-dimensional sequence, 2D multiple-quantum magic-angle-spinning NMR and 2D exchange NMR protocols. The result separates for each inequivalent chemical site its spin-diffusion powder line shape to proximate homonuclei. A peculiar feature of the experiment is the asymmetry it displays in the individual 2D powder patterns, resulting from its encoding of isotropic shifts before the mixing period. The resulting spectra facilitate the interpretation of the structural and dynamic features for the individual sites; experimental applications of this new method to relative geometry determinations in 23Na-23Na spin pairs are presented, and the quantitative evaluation of the resulting data is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Edén
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Sciences, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
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27
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Painter AJ, Duer MJ. Double-quantum-filtered nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy applied to quadrupolar nuclei in solids. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1425831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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28
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Walls JD, Lim KH, Pines A. Theoretical studies of the spin dynamics of quadrupolar nuclei at rotational resonance conditions. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1421613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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