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Photodissociation transition states characterized by chirped pulse millimeter wave spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:146-151. [PMID: 31852828 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1911326116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The 193-nm photolysis of CH2CHCN illustrates the capability of chirped-pulse Fourier transform millimeter-wave spectroscopy to characterize transition states. We investigate the HCN, HNC photofragments in highly excited vibrational states using both frequency and intensity information. Measured relative intensities of J = 1-0 rotational transition lines yield vibrational-level population distributions (VPD). These VPDs encode the properties of the parent molecule transition state at which the fragment molecule was born. A Poisson distribution formalism, based on the generalized Franck-Condon principle, is proposed as a framework for extracting information about the transition-state structure from the observed VPD. We employ the isotopologue CH2CDCN to disentangle the unimolecular 3-center DCN elimination mechanism from other pathways to HCN. Our experimental results reveal a previously unknown transition state that we tentatively associate with the HCN eliminated via a secondary, bimolecular reaction.
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Díaz S, Brela MZ, Gutiérrez-Oliva S, Toro-Labbé A, Michalak A. ETS-NOCV Decomposition of the Reaction Force: The HCN/CNH Isomerization Reaction Assisted by Water. J Comput Chem 2017; 38:2076-2087. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Díaz
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University; Ingardena 3 Krakow 30-060 Poland
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC); Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860 Macul Santiago Chile
| | - Mateusz Z. Brela
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University; Ingardena 3 Krakow 30-060 Poland
| | - Soledad Gutiérrez-Oliva
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC); Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860 Macul Santiago Chile
| | - Alejandro Toro-Labbé
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC); Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860 Macul Santiago Chile
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 19 Freiburg 79104 Germany
| | - Artur Michalak
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University; Ingardena 3 Krakow 30-060 Poland
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Chenel A, Roncero O, Aguado A, Agúndez M, Cernicharo J. Photodissociation of HCN and HNC isomers in the 7-10 eV energy range. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:144306. [PMID: 27083720 PMCID: PMC4894478 DOI: 10.1063/1.4945389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultraviolet photoabsorption spectra of the HCN and HNC isomers have been simulated in the 7-10 eV photon energy range. For this purpose, the three-dimensional adiabatic potential energy surfaces of the 7 lowest electronic states, and the corresponding transition dipole moments, have been calculated, at multireference configuration interaction level. The spectra are calculated with a quantum wave packet method on these adiabatic potential energy surfaces. The spectra for the 3 lower excited states, the dissociative electronic states, correspond essentially to predissociation peaks, most of them through tunneling on the same adiabatic state. The 3 higher electronic states are bound, hereafter electronic bound states, and their spectra consist of delta lines, in the adiabatic approximation. The radiative lifetime towards the ground electronic states of these bound states has been calculated, being longer than 10 ns in all cases, much longer that the characteristic predissociation lifetimes. The spectra of HCN is compared with the available experimental and previous theoretical simulations, while in the case of HNC there are no previous studies to our knowledge. The spectrum for HNC is considerably more intense than that of HCN in the 7-10 eV photon energy range, which points to a higher photodissociation rate for HNC, compared to HCN, in astrophysical environments illuminated by ultraviolet radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelie Chenel
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), C.S.I.C., Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Octavio Roncero
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), C.S.I.C., Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Aguado
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada (UAM), Unidad Asociada a IFF-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias Módulo 14, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcelino Agúndez
- Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales (CCMM-CSIC), C.S.I.C., Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Cernicharo
- Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales (CCMM-CSIC), C.S.I.C., Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Shimshovitz A, Bačić Z, Tannor DJ. The von Neumann basis in non-Cartesian coordinates: Application to floppy triatomic molecules. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:234106. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4902553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Asaf Shimshovitz
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Zlatko Bačić
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
- NYU-ECNU Center of Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - David J. Tannor
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Gutiérrez-Oliva S, Díaz S, Toro-Labbé A, Lane P, Murray JS, Politzer P. Revisiting the seemingly straightforward hydrogen cyanide/hydrogen isocyanide isomerisation. Mol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.819452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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6
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Gronowski M, Kołos R. Ab InitioStudies of the Structure and Spectroscopy of CHNMg Stoichiometry Molecules and van der Waals Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:4455-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jp312861s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Gronowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 44/52 Kasprzaka, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Kołos
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 44/52 Kasprzaka, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
- Cardinal S. Wyszyński University, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
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Jakubetz W. Limitations of STIRAP-like population transfer in extended systems: The three-level system embedded in a web of background states. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:224312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4770053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Mellau GC. Complete experimental rovibrational eigenenergies of HCN up to 6880 cm−1 above the ground state. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:234303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3598942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mellau GC. Rovibrational eigenenergy structure of the [H,C,N] molecular system. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:194302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3590026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Mellau GC. Complete experimental rovibrational eigenenergies of HNC up to 3743cm−1 above the ground state. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:164303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3503508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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11
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Zhou F, Niu Y, Gong S. Electromagnetically induced transparency in a three-level lambda system with permanent dipole moments. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:034105. [PMID: 19624179 DOI: 10.1063/1.3176018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetically induced transparency in a three-level Lambda-type molecular system with nonzero permanent dipole moments is investigated. It is shown that in the (2+2)-transition processes, when the sign of d(21), the difference in permanent dipole moments of the probe transition, is positive, perfect electromagnetically induced transparency with steep normal dispersion could be obtained under specific conditions. In contrast, when the sign of d(21) is negative, surprisingly gain without inversion with steep anomalous dispersion could be attained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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12
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Wong BM. Nuclear quadrupole hyperfine structure in HC14N/H14NC and DC15N/D15NC isomerization: a diagnostic tool for characterizing vibrational localization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:5599-606. [PMID: 18956095 DOI: 10.1039/b807672c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Large-amplitude molecular motions which occur during isomerization can cause significant changes in electronic structure. These variations in electronic properties can be used to identify vibrationally-excited eigenstates which are localized along the potential energy surface. This work demonstrates that nuclear quadrupole hyperfine interactions can be used as a diagnostic marker of progress along the isomerization path in both the HC14N/H14NC and DC15N/D15NC chemical systems. Ab initio calculations at the CCSD(T)/cc-pCVQZ level indicate that the hyperfine interaction is extremely sensitive to the chemical bonding of the quadrupolar 14N nucleus and can therefore be used to determine in which potential well the vibrational wavefunction is localized. A natural bonding orbital analysis along the isomerization path further demonstrates that hyperfine interactions arise from the asphericity of the electron density at the quadrupolar nucleus. Using the CCSD(T) potential surface, the quadrupole coupling constants of highly-excited vibrational states are computed from a one-dimensional internal coordinate path Hamiltonian. The excellent agreement between ab initio calculations and recent measurements demonstrates that nuclear quadrupole hyperfine structure can be used as a diagnostic tool for characterizing localized HCN and HNC vibrational states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan M Wong
- Materials Chemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
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Bechtel HA, Steeves AH, Wong BM, Field RW. Evolution of Chemical Bonding during HCN⇄HNC Isomerization as Revealed through Nuclear Quadrupole Hyperfine Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:2969-72. [PMID: 18330877 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200705399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans A Bechtel
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Bechtel H, Steeves A, Wong B, Field R. Evolution of Chemical Bonding during HCN⇄HNC Isomerization as Revealed through Nuclear Quadrupole Hyperfine Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200705399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Larson C, Ji, Samartzis PC, Quinto-Hernandez A, Lin JJM, Ching TT, Chaudhuri C, Lee SH, Wodtke AM. Observation of Photochemical C−N Bond Cleavage in CH3N3: A New Photochemical Route to Cyclic N3. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:1105-11. [DOI: 10.1021/jp076779h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Larson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China, and National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ji
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China, and National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Peter C. Samartzis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China, and National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Alfredo Quinto-Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China, and National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jim Jr-Min Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China, and National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tao-Tsung Ching
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China, and National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chanchal Chaudhuri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China, and National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Huang Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China, and National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Alec M. Wodtke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China, and National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan, Republic of China
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17
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Varandas AJC, Rodrigues SPJ. New Double Many-Body Expansion Potential Energy Surface for Ground-State HCN from a Multiproperty Fit to Accurate ab Initio Energies and Rovibrational Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2005; 110:485-93. [PMID: 16405320 DOI: 10.1021/jp051434p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An accurate single-sheeted double many-body expansion potential energy surface has been obtained for the ground electronic state of the hydrogen cyanide molecule via a multiproperty fit to ab initio energies and rovibrational data. This includes 106 rovibrational levels and 2313 discrete points, which are fit with a rmsd of 4 cm(-1) and 2.42 kcal mol(-1), respectively, and seven zero first-derivatives that are reproduced at three stationary points. Since the potential also describes accurately the appropriate asymptotic limits at the various dissociation channels, it is commended both for the simulation of rovibrational spectra and reaction dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J C Varandas
- Departamento de Química, Universidade de Coimbra 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
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18
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Martínez RZ, Lehmann KK, Carter S. Spectroscopy of highly excited vibrational states of HCN in its ground electronic state. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:691-703. [PMID: 15267904 DOI: 10.1063/1.1631253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An experimental technique based on a scheme of vibrationally mediated photodissociation has been developed and applied to the spectroscopic study of highly excited vibrational states in HCN, with energies between 29,000 and 30,000 cm(-1). The technique consists of four sequential steps: in the first one, a high power laser is used to vibrationally excite the sample to an intermediate state, typically (0,0,4), the nu3 mode being approximately equivalent to the C-H stretching vibration. Then a second laser is used to search for transitions between this intermediate state and highly vibrationally excited states. When one of these transitions is found, HCN molecules are transferred to a highly excited vibrational state. Third, a ultraviolet laser photodissociates the highly excited molecules to produce H and CN radicals in its A 2Pi electronic state. Finally, a fourth laser (probe) detects the presence of the CN(A) photofragments by means of an A-->B-->X laser induced fluorescence scheme. The spectra obtained with this technique, consisting of several rotationally resolved vibrational bands, have been analyzed. The positions and rotational parameters of the states observed are presented and compared with the results of a state-of-the-art variational calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Z Martínez
- Chemistry Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangbo Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Theoretical Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
| | - Vivian Tyng
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Theoretical Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
| | - Michael E. Kellman
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Theoretical Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
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Lessen D, Baskin JS, Jones CM, He T, Carrasquillo-Molina E. Collision-Assisted Spectroscopy of HCN above the Isomerization Barrier. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021075n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lessen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 72204-5003
| | - J. Spencer Baskin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 72204-5003
| | | | - Tian He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 72204-5003
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Barber RJ, Harris GJ, Tennyson J. Temperature dependent partition functions and equilibrium constant for HCN and HNC. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1521131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Harris GJ, Polyansky OL, Tennyson J. Ab initio rotation-vibration spectra of HCN and HNC. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2002; 58:673-690. [PMID: 11991490 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-1425(01)00664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have calculated an ab initio HCN/HNC linelist for all transitions up to J= 25 and 18000 cm(-1) above the zero point energy. This linelist contains more than 200 million lines each with frequencies and transition dipoles. The linelist has been calculated using our semi-global HCN/HNC VQZANO + PES and dipole moment surface, which were reported in van Mourik et al. (J. Chem. Phys. 115 (2001) 3706). With this linelist we synthesise absorption spectra of HCN and HNC at 298 K and we present the band centre and band transition dipoles for the bands which are major features in these spectra. Several of the HCN bands and many of the HNC bands have not been previously studied. Our line intensities reproduce via fully ab initio methods the unusual intensity structure of the HCN CN stretch fundamental (00(0)1) for the first time and also the forbidden (02(2)0) HCN bending overtone. We also compare the J = 1-->0 pure rotational transition dipole in the HCN/HNC ground and vibrationally excited states with experimental and existing ab initio results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, UK
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