1
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Zhao Y, Chen J, Luo Z, Chang Y, Yang J, Zhang W, Wu G, Crane SW, Hansen CS, Ding H, An F, Hu X, Xie D, Ashfold MNR, Yuan K, Yang X. The vibronic state dependent predissociation of H 2S: determination of all fragmentation processes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2501-2517. [PMID: 36908956 PMCID: PMC9993885 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06988a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Photochemistry plays a significant role in shaping the chemical reaction network in the solar nebula and interstellar clouds. However, even in a simple triatomic molecule photodissociation, determination of all fragmentation processes is yet to be achieved. In this work, we present a comprehensive study of the photochemistry of H2S, derived from cutting-edge translational spectroscopy measurements of the H, S(1D) and S(1S) atom products formed by photolysis at wavelengths across the range 155-120 nm. The results provide detailed insights into the energy disposal in the SH(X), SH(A) and H2 co-fragments, and the atomisation routes leading to two H atoms along with S(3P) and S(1D) atoms. Theoretical calculations allow the dynamics of all fragmentation processes, especially the bimodal internal energy distributions in the diatomic products, to be rationalised in terms of non-adiabatic transitions between potential energy surfaces of both 1A' and 1A'' symmetry. The comprehensive picture of the wavelength-dependent (or vibronic state-dependent) photofragmentation behaviour of H2S will serve as a text-book example illustrating the importance of non-Born-Oppenheimer effects in molecular photochemistry, and the findings should be incorporated in future astrochemical modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarui Zhao
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Chinese Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Zijie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Jiayue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Stuart W Crane
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | | | - Hongbin Ding
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Chinese Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Feng An
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xixi Hu
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Institute for Brain Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China .,Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China.,Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China
| | | | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China .,Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China .,Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China.,Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
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2
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Luo Z, Chang Y, Zhao Y, Yang J, Chen Z, Cheng Y, Che L, Wu G, Yang X, Yuan K. Photodissociation Dynamics of H 2O via the Ẽ' ( 1B 2) Electronic State. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3622-3630. [PMID: 33891426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photodissociation dynamics of H2O via the Ẽ'1B2 state were studied using the high-resolution H atom photofragment translational spectroscopy method, in combination with the tunable vacuum ultraviolet free electron laser (VUV FEL). The measured translational energy spectra allow us to determine the respective quantum state population distributions for the nascent OH(X2Π) and OH(A2Σ+) photofragments. Analyses of the quantum state population distributions show both the ground and electronically excited OH fragments to be formed with moderate vibrational excitation but with highly rotational excitation. Unlike the dissociation via the lower-lying electronic states, where OH(X) is the major fragment, the OH(A) products are predominant via the Ẽ' state. These products are mainly ascribed to a fast dissociation on the B̃1A1 state surface after nonadiabatic transitions from the initial excited Ẽ' state to the B̃ state. Meanwhile, another dissociation pathway from the Ẽ' state to the 1B2 3pb2 state, followed by coupling to the 1A2 3pb2 state, is also observed, which yields the OH(X) + H and O(3P) + 2H products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Luo
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yarui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Jiayue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China
| | - Li Che
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
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3
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Chang Y, An F, Li Q, Luo Z, Che L, Yang J, Chen Z, Zhang W, Wu G, Hu X, Xie D, Yuan K, Yang X. Electronically Excited OH Super-rotors from Water Photodissociation by Using Vacuum Ultraviolet Free-Electron Laser Pulses. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:7617-7623. [PMID: 32830973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The fragmentation dynamics of water in a superexcited state play an important role in the ionosphere of the planets and in the photodissociation region (PDR) of the planetary nebula. In this Letter, we experimentally study the fragmentation dynamics of H2O with the energy above its ionization potential initiated by vacuum ultraviolet free-electron laser pulses. The experimental results indicate that the binary fragmentation channels H + OH and the triple channels O + 2H both present at 96.4 nm photolysis. Electronically excited OH super-rotors (v = 0, N ≥ 36, or v = 1, N ≥ 34), with the internal energy just above the OH (A) dissociation energy, are observed for the first time, which are only supported by the large centrifugal barriers. An absolute cross section of these super-rotors is estimated to be 0.7(±0.3) × 10-18 cm2. The tunnelling rates of these extremely rotationally excited states are also analyzed. This work shows a spectacular example of energy transfer from a photon to fragment rotation through photodissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Feng An
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qinming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zijie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China
| | - Li Che
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China
| | - Jiayue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xixi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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4
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Chang Y, Chen Z, Zhou J, Luo Z, He Z, Wu G, Ashfold MNR, Yuan K, Yang X. Striking Isotopologue-Dependent Photodissociation Dynamics of Water Molecules: The Signature of an Accidental Resonance. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4209-4214. [PMID: 31295400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Investigations of the photofragmentation patterns of both light and heavy water at the state-to-state level are a prerequisite for any thorough understanding of chemical processing and isotope heterogeneity in the interstellar medium. Here we reveal dynamical features of the dissociation of water molecules following excitation to the C̃(010) state using a tunable vacuum ultraviolet source in combination with the high-resolution H(D)-atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight technique. The action spectra for forming H(D) atoms and the OH(OD) product state distributions resulting from excitation to the C̃(010) states of H2O and D2O both show striking differences, which are attributable to the effects of an isotopologue-specific accidental resonance. Such accidental-resonance-induced state mixing may contribute to the D/H isotope heterogeneity in the solar system. The present study provides an excellent example of competitive state-to-state nonadiabatic decay pathways involving at least five electronic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Jiami Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Zijie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Zhigang He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Michael N R Ashfold
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
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5
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Hu X, Zhou L, Xie D. State-to-state photodissociation dynamics of the water molecule. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Hu
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - Linsen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; University of New Mexico; Albuquerque NM USA
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
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6
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Zhou L, Xie D, Sun Z, Guo H. Product fine-structure resolved photodissociation dynamics: the A band of H2O. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:024310. [PMID: 24437880 DOI: 10.1063/1.4861230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The photodissociation dynamics of H2O in its first absorption band is investigated on an accurate potential energy surface based on a large number of high-level ab initio points. Several ro-vibrational states of the parent molecule are considered. Different from most previous theoretical studies, the spin-orbit and Λ-doublet populations of the open-shell OH fragment are reported from full-dimensional wave packet calculations. The populations of the two spin-orbit manifolds are in most cases close to the statistical limit, but the Λ-doublet is dominated by the A(") component, thanks largely to the fast in-plane dissociation of H2O(Ã(1)A('')). Comparisons with experimental data and a Franck-Condon model are generally very good, although some discrepancies exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsen Zhou
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
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7
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Lutz JJ, Piecuch P. Performance of the completely renormalized equation-of-motion coupled-cluster method in calculations of excited-state potential cuts of water. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Ruberti M, Yun R, Gokhberg K, Kopelke S, Cederbaum LS, Tarantelli F, Averbukh V. Total photoionization cross-sections of excited electronic states by the algebraic diagrammatic construction-Stieltjes-Lanczos method. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:184107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4874269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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van Dishoeck EF, Herbst E, Neufeld DA. Interstellar water chemistry: from laboratory to observations. Chem Rev 2013; 113:9043-85. [PMID: 24261880 DOI: 10.1021/cr4003177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Photochemical reaction processes during vacuum-ultraviolet irradiation of water ice. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Arasa C, van Hemert MC, van Dishoeck EF, Kroes GJ. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of CO2 Formation in Interstellar Ices. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:7064-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jp400065v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Arasa
- Gorlaeus Laboratories,
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M. C. van Hemert
- Gorlaeus Laboratories,
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E. F. van Dishoeck
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - G. J. Kroes
- Gorlaeus Laboratories,
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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12
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Koning J, Kroes GJ, Arasa C. Isotope effects on the photodesorption processes of X2O (X = H,D) and HOD ice. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:104701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4793733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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13
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Maksyutenko P, Grechko M, Rizzo TR, Boyarkin OV. State-resolved spectroscopy of high vibrational levels of water up to the dissociative continuum. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2012; 370:2710-2727. [PMID: 22547240 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We summarize here our experimental studies of the high rovibrational energy levels of water. The use of double-resonance vibrational overtone excitation followed by energy-selective photofragmentation and laser-induced fluorescence detection of OH fragments allowed us to measure previously inaccessible rovibrational energies above the seventh OH-stretch overtone. Extension of the experimental approach to triple-resonance excitation provides access to rovibrational levels via transitions with significant transition dipole moments (mainly OH-stretch overtones) up to the dissociation threshold of the O-H bond. A collisionally assisted excitation scheme enables us to probe vibrations that are not readily accessible via pure laser excitation. Observation of the continuous absorption onset yields a precise value for the O-H bond dissociation threshold, 41 145.94 ± 0.15 cm(-1). Finally, we detect long-lived resonances as sharp peaks in spectra above the dissociation threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Maksyutenko
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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14
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Jiang B, Xie D, Guo H. State-to-state photodissociation dynamics of triatomic molecules: H2O in the B band. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:034302. [PMID: 22280755 DOI: 10.1063/1.3676725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
State-to-state photodissociation dynamics of H(2)O in its B band has been investigated quantum mechanically on a new set of non-adiabatically coupled potential energy surfaces for the lowest two (1)A' states of H(2)O, which are developed at the internally contracted multi-reference configuration interaction level with the aug-cc-pVQZ basis set. Quantum dynamical calculations carried out using the Chebyshev propagator yield absorption spectra, product state distributions, branching ratios, and differential cross sections, which are in reasonably good agreement with the latest experimental results. Particular focus is placed here on the dependence of various dynamical observables on the photon energy. Detailed analyses of the dynamics have assigned the diffuse structure in absorption spectrum to short-time recurring dynamics near the HOH conical intersection. The non-adiabatic dissociation to the ground state OH product via the HOH conical intersection is facile, direct, fast, and produces rotationally hot OH(X̃) products. On the other hand, the adiabatic channel on the excited state leading to the OH(Ã) product is dominated by long-lived resonances, which depend sensitively on the potential energy surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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15
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Yuan K, Dixon RN, Yang X. Photochemistry of the water molecule: adiabatic versus nonadiabatic dynamics. Acc Chem Res 2011; 44:369-78. [PMID: 21428277 DOI: 10.1021/ar100153g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Water and light are two common constituents of both the earth's atmosphere and interstellar space. Consequently, water photodissociation is a central component of the chemistry of these environments. Electronically excited molecules can dissociate adiabatically (on a single potential energy surface, or PES) or nonadiabatically (with transfer between PESs), and water serves as a prototype for understanding these two processes in unimolecular dissociation. In recent years, extensive experimental and theoretical studies have been focused on water photolysis, particularly on the primary product of the dissociation, the OH radical. The use of the high-resolution H-atom Rydberg tagging technique, in combination with various vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) sources, has spurred significant advances in water photochemistry. As the excitation energy increases, different excited electronic states of water can be reached, and the mutual interactions between these states increase significantly. In this Account, we present the most recent developments in water photodissociation that have been derived from the study of the four lowest electronic excited states. The Ã(1)B(1) state photodissociation of H(2)O has been studied at 157.6 nm and was found to be a fast and direct dissociation process on a single repulsive surface, with only vibrational excitation of the OH(X(2)Π) product. In contrast, the dissociation of the B̃(1)A(1) state was found to proceed via two main routes: one adiabatic pathway leading to OH(A(2)Σ(+)) + H, and one nonadiabatic pathway to OH(X(2)Π) + H through conical intersections between the B̃ state and the ground state X̃(1)A(1). An interesting quantum interference between two conical intersection pathways has also been observed. In addition, photodissociation of H(2)O between 128 and 133 nm has been studied with tunable VUV radiation. Experimental results illustrate that excitation to the different unstable resonances of the state has very different effects on the OH(X(2)Π) and OH(A(2)Σ(+)) product channels. The C̃(1)B(1) state of H(2)O is a predissociative Rydberg state with fully resolved rotational structures. A striking variation in the OH product state distribution and its stereodynamics has been observed for different rotational states. There are two kinds of nonadiabatic dissociation routes on the C̃ state. The first involves Renner-Teller (electronic Coriolis) coupling to the B̃ state, leading to rotationally hot and vibrationally cold OH products. The second goes through a newly discovered homogeneous nonadiabatic coupling to the à state, leading to rotationally cold and vibrationally hot OH products. But the D̃(1)A(1) state shows no rotational structure and leads to a fast, homogeneous, purely electronic predissociation to the B̃ state. These studies demonstrate the truly fascinating nature of water photochemistry, which is extremely variable because of the different electronic states and their interactions. The results also provide a rather complete picture of water photochemistry and should be helpful in the modeling of interstellar chemistry, with its abundant VUV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Richard N. Dixon
- School of Chemistry,University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
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16
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Arasa C, Andersson S, Cuppen HM, van Dishoeck EF, Kroes GJ. Molecular dynamics simulations of D2O ice photodesorption. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:164503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3582910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Liu HT, Müller JP, Beutler M, Ghotbi M, Noack F, Radloff W, Zhavoronkov N, Schulz CP, Hertel IV. Ultrafast photo-excitation dynamics in isolated, neutral water clusters. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:094305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3556820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. T. Liu
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - J. P. Müller
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - M. Beutler
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - M. Ghotbi
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - F. Noack
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - W. Radloff
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - N. Zhavoronkov
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - C. P. Schulz
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - I. V. Hertel
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
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18
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Cheng Y, Yuan K, Cheng L, Guo Q, Dai D, Yang X. Photodissociation dynamics of H2O: Effect of unstable resonances on the B̃1A1 electronic state. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:064301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3554213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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19
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Andersson S, Arasa C, Yabushita A, Yokoyama M, Hama T, Kawasaki M, Western CM, Ashfold MNR. A theoretical and experimental study on translational and internal energies of H2O and OH from the 157 nm irradiation of amorphous solid water at 90 K. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:15810-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21138b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Li X, Paldus J. Performance of multireference and equation-of-motion coupled-cluster methods for potential energy surfaces of low-lying excited states: Symmetric and asymmetric dissociation of water. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:024102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3451074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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21
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Yuan K, Cheng L, Cheng Y, Guo Q, Dai D, Yang X. Two-photon photodissociation dynamics of H2O via the D electronic state. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:074301. [PMID: 19708741 DOI: 10.1063/1.3168398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodissociation dynamics of H(2)O via the D state by two-photon absorption have been investigated using the H-atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight technique. The action spectrum of the D<--X transition band has been measured. The predissociation lifetime of the D state is determined to be about 13.5 fs. The quantum state-resolved OH product translational energy distributions and angular distributions have also been measured. By carefully simulating these distributions, quantum state distributions of the OH product as well as the state-resolved angular anisotropy parameters were determined. The most important pathway of the H(2)O dissociation via the D state leads to the highly rotationally excited OH(X,v=0) products. Vibrationally excited OH(X) products (up to v=10) and electronically excited OH(A,v=0,1,2) have also been observed. The OH(A)/OH(X) branching ratios are determined to be 17.9% at 244.540 nm (2omega(1)=81,761.4 cm(-1)) and 19.9% at 244.392 nm (2omega(2)=81,811 cm(-1)), which are considerably smaller than the value predicted by the theory. These discrepancies are attributed to the nonadiabatic coupling effect between the B and D surfaces at the bent geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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22
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Hama T, Yabushita A, Yokoyama M, Kawasaki M, Andersson S. Desorption of hydroxyl radicals in the vacuum ultraviolet photolysis of amorphous solid water at 90 K. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:054508. [PMID: 19673575 DOI: 10.1063/1.3191731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the desorption dynamics of OH radicals from the 157 nm photodissociation of amorphous solid water (ASW) as well as H(2)O(2) deposited on an ASW surface at 90 K. The translational and internal energy distributions of OH were measured using resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization methods. These distributions are compared to reported molecular dynamics calculations for the condensed phase photodissociation of water ice and also reported results for the gas phase photodissociation of H(2)O at 157 nm. We have confirmed that OH radicals are produced from two different mechanisms: one from primary photolysis of surface H(2)O of ASW, and the other being secondary photolysis of H(2)O(2) photoproducts on the ASW surface after prolonged irradiation at 157 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hama
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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23
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Trushin SA, Schmid WE, Fuß W. A time constant of 1.8fs in the dissociation of water excited at 162nm. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Ikehata A, Higashi N, Ozaki Y. Direct observation of the absorption bands of the first electronic transition in liquid H2O and D2O by attenuated total reflectance far-UV spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:234510. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3039080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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25
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Balint-Kurti GG. Time-dependent and time-independent wavepacket approaches to reactive scattering and photodissociation dynamics. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350802102379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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26
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Avila G, Kroes GJ, van Hemert MC. The photodissociation of the water dimer in the à band: A twelve-dimensional quasiclassical study. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:144313. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2868775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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27
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Rubio M, Serrano-Andrés L, Merchán M. Excited states of the water molecule: Analysis of the valence and Rydberg character. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:104305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2837827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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28
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van Hemert M, van Dishoeck E. Photodissociation of small carbonaceous molecules of astrophysical interest. Chem Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2007.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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van Harrevelt R. First ultraviolet absorption band of methane: Anab initiostudy. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:204313. [PMID: 17552768 DOI: 10.1063/1.2741551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum mechanical calculations of the cross sections for photodissociation of CH4 and CD4 in the 1t2-->3s band are presented. The potential energy surfaces for the three states correlating with the 1 1T2 state at tetrahedral geometries are calculated. The elements of the (3x3) matrix representing the electronic Hamiltonian in the diabatic basis are expanded in powers of nuclear coordinates, up to the second order. The expansion coefficients are based on accurate multireference configuration interaction calculations. The electronically nonadiabatic dynamics is treated with the multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree approach. All nine internal degrees of methane are included in the quantum dynamics simulations. The calculated cross section agrees well with experiment. Semiclassical calculations using the reflection principle suggest that the peaks in the spectrum correspond to the three adiabatic electronic states correlating with the 1 1T2 state at Td geometries. However, the non-Born-Oppenheimer terms in the Hamiltonian have a strong effect on the positions of the peaks in the absorption spectrum. The results of semiclassical calculations, which neglect these terms, are therefore quite different from the accurate quantum results and experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob van Harrevelt
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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30
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Hansen CJ, Esposito L, Stewart AIF, Colwell J, Hendrix A, Pryor W, Shemansky D, West R. Enceladus' Water Vapor Plume. Science 2006; 311:1422-5. [PMID: 16527971 DOI: 10.1126/science.1121254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 412] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Cassini spacecraft flew close to Saturn's small moon Enceladus three times in 2005. Cassini's UltraViolet Imaging Spectrograph observed stellar occultations on two flybys and confirmed the existence, composition, and regionally confined nature of a water vapor plume in the south polar region of Enceladus. This plume provides an adequate amount of water to resupply losses from Saturn's E ring and to be the dominant source of the neutral OH and atomic oxygen that fill the Saturnian system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice J Hansen
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.
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31
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Chipman DM. Stretching of hydrogen-bonded OH in the lowest singlet excited electronic state of water dimer. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:044305. [PMID: 16460160 DOI: 10.1063/1.2162542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The lowest singlet excited electronic state of water monomer in the gas phase is strictly dissociative along a OH stretch coordinate but changes its nature when the stretched OH moiety is hydrogen bonded to a neighboring water molecule. This work extends previous exploration of the water dimer excited singlet potential-energy surface, using computational methods that are reliable even at geometries well removed from the ground-state equilibrium. First, the hydrogen-bonded OH moiety is stretched far enough to establish the existence of a barrier that is sufficient to support a quasibound vibrational state of the OH oscillator near the Franck-Condon region. Second, the constraint of an icelike structure is relaxed, and it is found that a substantial fraction of liquidlike structures also supports a quasibound vibrational state. These potential-energy explorations on stretching of the hydrogen-bonded OH moiety in a water dimer are discussed as a model for understanding the initial dynamics upon excitation into the lowest excited singlet state of condensed water. The possibility is raised that the excited-state lifetime may be long enough to allow for exciton migration, which would provide a mechanism for energy transport in condensed water phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Chipman
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.
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32
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Ribarov LA, Hu S, Wehrmeyer JA, Pitz RW. Hydroxyl tagging velocimetry method optimization: signal intensity and spectroscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2005; 44:6616-26. [PMID: 16270550 DOI: 10.1364/ao.44.006616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The previously demonstrated nonintrusive time-of-flight molecular velocity tagging method, hydroxyl tagging velocimetry (HTV), has shown the capability of operating both at room temperature and in flames. Well-characterized jets of either air (nonreacting cases) or hydrogen-air diffusion flames (reacting cases) are employed. A 7 x 7 OH line grid is generated first through the single-photon photodissociation of H2O by a approximately 193 nm pulsed narrowband ArF excimer laser and is subsequently revealed by a read laser sheet through fluorescence caused by A2sigma+(v' = 3) <-- X2pi(i)(v'' = 0), A2sigma+(v' = 1) <-- X2pi(i)(v'' = 0), or A2sigma+(v' = 0) < or = X2pi(i)(v'' = 0) pumping at approximately 248, approximately 282, or approximately 308 nm, respectively. A detailed discussion of the spectroscopy and relative signal intensity of these various read techniques is presented, and the implications for optimal HTV performance are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubomir A Ribarov
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA.
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33
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Chamorro E, De Proft F, Geerlings P. Generalized nuclear Fukui functions in the framework of spin-polarized density-functional theory. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:084104. [PMID: 16164279 DOI: 10.1063/1.1996576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
An extension of Cohen's nuclear Fukui function is presented in the spin-polarized framework of density-functional theory (SP-DFT). The resulting new nuclear Fukui function indices PhiNalpha and PhiSalpha are intended to be the natural descriptors for the responses of the nuclei to changes involving charge transfer at constant multiplicity and also the spin polarization at constant number of electrons. These generalized quantities allow us to gain new insights within a perturbative scheme based on DFT. Calculations of the electronic and nuclear SP-DFT quantities are presented within a Kohn-Sham framework of chemical reactivity for a sample of molecules, including H2O, H2CO, and some simple nitrenes (NX) and phosphinidenes (PX), with X=H, Li, F, Cl, OH, SH, NH2, and PH2. Results have been interpreted in terms of chemical bonding in the context of Berlin's theorem, which provides a separation of the molecular space into binding and antibinding regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chamorro
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Andrés Bello (UNAB), Avenida República 275, Santiago, Chile.
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34
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Valenzano L, van Hemert MC, Kroes GJ. Photodissociation of the water dimer: three-dimensional quantum dynamics studies on diabatic potential-energy surfaces. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:34303. [PMID: 16080733 DOI: 10.1063/1.1961614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The results are presented of three-dimensional model studies of the photodissociation of the water dimer following excitation in the first absorption band. Diabatic potential-energy surfaces are used to investigate the photodissociation following excitation of the hydrogen bond donor molecule and of the hydrogen bond acceptor molecule. In both cases, the degrees of freedom considered are the two OH-stretch modes of the molecule being excited, and the dimer stretch vibration. The diabatic potentials are based on adiabatic potential surfaces computed with the multireference configuration-interaction method, and the dynamics of dissociation was studied using the time-dependent wave-packet method. The dynamics calculations yield a donor spectrum extending over roughly the same range of frequencies as the spectrum of the water monomer computed at the same level of theory. The acceptor spectrum has the same width as the monomer spectrum, but is shifted to the blue by 0.4-0.5 eV. The dimer spectrum obtained by averaging the donor and the acceptor spectrum is broader than the monomer spectrum, with the center of the dimer first absorption band shifted to the blue by about 0.2 eV relative to the monomer band. Our reduced dimensionality calculations do not find the red tail predicted for the dimer first absorption band by Harvey et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 109, 8747 (1998)]. This conclusion also holds if preexcitation of the dimer stretch vibration with one or two quanta is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Valenzano
- Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, The Netherlands
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35
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Andersson S, Kroes GJ, van Dishoeck EF. Photodissociation of water in crystalline ice: A molecular dynamics study. Chem Phys Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Abstract
The lowest electronic states that are initially formed upon excitation of small water clusters having a central water molecule with one stretched OH bond are studied with electronic structure methods. It is found that in water dimer, trimer, and pentamer the lowest excited singlet and triplet states are each nondissociative for stretching of an OH bond that is hydrogen bonded in an icelike configuration to a neighboring water molecule. This is in marked contrast to the behavior of an isolated gas phase water monomer, where it is well known that the lowest excited state is strongly dissociative upon OH stretching. The conclusions of this study may serve as a basis to interpret recent experimental evidence that suggests a significant lifetime for excited water in irradiated thin ice films, and may also have important implications for the behavior of excitation of liquid water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Chipman
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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37
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Yang * X. State-to-state dynamics of elementary chemical reactions using Rydberg H-atom translational spectroscopy. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350500163806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Yamashita T, Kato S. Excited state electronic structures and dynamics of NOCl: A new potential function set, absorption spectrum, and photodissociation mechanism. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:2105-16. [PMID: 15260764 DOI: 10.1063/1.1768158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A set of analytical potential energy surfaces (PESs) for six singlet excited states of NOCl are constructed based on multireference configuration interaction calculations. The total absorption cross section at the energy range of 2-7 eV is calculated by quantum dynamics calculations with the present PESs and transition dipole moments. The calculated absorption spectrum agrees well with the experiment. It is also found that the A band with the absorption maximum at 6.3 eV is attributed to the transition to the 4 1A' state, though the excitations to the 3 1A' and 3 1A" states contribute to the spectrum at the energy range between 4 and 5 eV. The spin-forbidden transitions are concluded to be negligibly weak. The mechanism of photodissociation reaction at the energy region corresponding to the A band is examined. The nonadiabatic transition rates from the 4 1A' state to lower singlet and triplet states are estimated by Fermi's golden rule, and the transitions to the 1 1A' and 3 1A' states induced by vibronic coupling are found to be the predominant dissociation pathways. The experimentally observed energy dependence of the recoil anisotropy of the fragments is discussed based on the calculated nonadiabatic transition rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takefumi Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502, Japan.
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39
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van Harrevelt R, van Hemert MC. Photodissociation of warm water: ab initio calculations of the room-temperature absorption spectrum. Chem Phys Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(03)00171-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Abstract
We discuss experiments on the dynamics of photodissociation that employ methods to select the energy, sometimes quantum states, of the reactant and to determine the quantum states and energy, sometimes also the orientation and alignment, of products. A summary of new advances of experimental methods is followed by applications to photodissociation of various types. Representative examples of simple bond fission, molecular elimination, and three-body dissociation with determined electronic states-sometimes the orientation of their angular momentum-of product atoms or distributions of electronic and internal states of product molecules illustrate the detailed information and insight that one can derive from such experiments. Photodissociation of van der Waals complexes, ions, species adsorbed on surfaces, and species in solution is excluded from this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Pern Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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41
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Takayanagi T. Nonadiabatic quantum reactive scattering calculations for the O(1D)+H2, D2, and HD reactions on the lowest three potential energy surfaces. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1434988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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42
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van Harrevelt R, van Hemert MC, Schatz GC. A Comparative Classical-Quantum Study of the Photodissociation of Water in the B̃ Band. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011871d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rob van Harrevelt
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marc C. van Hemert
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
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