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Waters MDJ, Wörner HJ. The ultrafast vibronic dynamics of ammonia's D̃ state. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:23340-23349. [PMID: 36129030 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03117e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using vacuum-ultraviolet time-resolved velocity map imaging of photoelectrons, we study ultrafast coupled electronic and nuclear dynamics in low-lying Rydberg states of ammonia. Vibrationally-resolved internal vibrational relaxation (IVR) is observed in a progression of the e' bending modes. This vibrational progression is only observed in the D̃ state, and is lost upon ultrafast internal conversion to the C̃ and B̃ electronic states. Due to the ultrashort time scale of the internal conversion (ca. 64 fs), and the vibronic resolution, the non-adiabatic coupling vectors are identified and verified with ab initio calculations. The time-scale of this IVR process is highly surprising and significant because IVR is usually treated as an incoherent process that proceeds statistically, according to a "Fermi's Golden Rule"-like model, where the process scales with the available degrees of freedom. Here, we show that it can be highly non-statistical, restricted to only a very small subset of vibrational motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max D J Waters
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
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2
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Belsa B, Amini K, Liu X, Sanchez A, Steinle T, Steinmetzer J, Le AT, Moshammer R, Pfeifer T, Ullrich J, Moszynski R, Lin CD, Gräfe S, Biegert J. Laser-induced electron diffraction of the ultrafast umbrella motion in ammonia. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2021; 8:014301. [PMID: 34026922 PMCID: PMC8121549 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Visualizing molecular transformations in real-time requires a structural retrieval method with Ångström spatial and femtosecond temporal atomic resolution. Imaging of hydrogen-containing molecules additionally requires an imaging method sensitive to the atomic positions of hydrogen nuclei, with most methods possessing relatively low sensitivity to hydrogen scattering. Laser-induced electron diffraction (LIED) is a table-top technique that can image ultrafast structural changes of gas-phase polyatomic molecules with sub-Ångström and femtosecond spatiotemporal resolution together with relatively high sensitivity to hydrogen scattering. Here, we image the umbrella motion of an isolated ammonia molecule (NH3) following its strong-field ionization. Upon ionization of a neutral ammonia molecule, the ammonia cation (NH3 +) undergoes an ultrafast geometrical transformation from a pyramidal ( Φ HNH = 107 ° ) to planar ( Φ HNH = 120 ° ) structure in approximately 8 femtoseconds. Using LIED, we retrieve a near-planar ( Φ HNH = 117 ± 5 ° ) field-dressed NH3 + molecular structure 7.8 - 9.8 femtoseconds after ionization. Our measured field-dressed NH3 + structure is in excellent agreement with our calculated equilibrium field-dressed structure using quantum chemical ab initio calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Belsa
- ICFO—Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - X. Liu
- ICFO—Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Sanchez
- ICFO—Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T. Steinle
- ICFO—Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Steinmetzer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A. T. Le
- Department of Physics, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - R. Moshammer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T. Pfeifer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - R. Moszynski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - C. D. Lin
- Department of Physics, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-2604, USA
| | - S. Gräfe
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - J. Biegert
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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3
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Baiardi A, Bloino J, Barone V. Simulation of Vibronic Spectra of Flexible Systems: Hybrid DVR-Harmonic Approaches. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:2804-2822. [PMID: 28467703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Our general framework for the simulation of vibrational signatures in electronic spectra has been extended to treat one large-amplitude motion (LAM) at the anharmonic level, coupled to the other small-amplitude motions (SAM) treated as harmonic. The coupling between LAM and SAM is minimized thanks to the use of delocalized internal coordinates, which are built automatically from the molecular topology. General LAMs can be employed, ranging from intrinsic reaction coordinates to rigid or flexible paths based on the distinguished coordinate approach. The anharmonic model is based on a fully numerical method based on the discrete variable representation (DVR) theory, supporting different types of boundary conditions. The inclusion of this model in a general-purpose electronic structure code makes available to the user a large panel of quantum chemistry models, for both isolated and condensed phases. The flexibility and reliability of the new framework are illustrated by some case studies, covering various types of LAMs, ranging from a small test case, the photoelectron spectrum of ammonia, to larger systems, such as phenylanthracene and cyclobutanone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Baiardi
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Julien Bloino
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici (ICCOM-CNR), UOS di Pisa , Area della Ricerca CNR, Via G. Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Barone
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
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4
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Zeng T, Seidu I. Revisiting the (E + A) ⊗ (e + a) problems of polyatomic systems with trigonal symmetry: general expansions of their vibronic Hamiltonians. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:11098-11110. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01171g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we derive general expansions in vibrational coordinates for the (E + A) ⊗ (e + a) vibronic Hamiltonians of molecules with one and only one C3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry
- Carleton University
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - Issaka Seidu
- Department of Chemistry
- Carleton University
- Ottawa
- Canada
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5
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Belyaev AK, Domcke W, Lasser C, Trigila G. Nonadiabatic nuclear dynamics of the ammonia cation studied by surface hopping classical trajectory calculations. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:104307. [PMID: 25770540 DOI: 10.1063/1.4913962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Landau-Zener (LZ) type classical-trajectory surface-hopping algorithm is applied to the nonadiabatic nuclear dynamics of the ammonia cation after photoionization of the ground-state neutral molecule to the excited states of the cation. The algorithm employs a recently proposed formula for nonadiabatic LZ transition probabilities derived from the adiabatic potential energy surfaces. The evolution of the populations of the ground state and the two lowest excited adiabatic states is calculated up to 200 fs. The results agree well with quantum simulations available for the first 100 fs based on the same potential energy surfaces. Three different time scales are detected for the nuclear dynamics: Ultrafast Jahn-Teller dynamics between the excited states on a 5 fs time scale; fast transitions between the excited state and the ground state within a time scale of 20 fs; and relatively slow partial conversion of a first-excited-state population to the ground state within a time scale of 100 fs. Beyond 100 fs, the adiabatic electronic populations are nearly constant due to a dynamic equilibrium between the three states. The ultrafast nonradiative decay of the excited-state populations provides a qualitative explanation of the experimental evidence that the ammonia cation is nonfluorescent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey K Belyaev
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Herzen University, St. Petersburg 191186, Russia
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Caroline Lasser
- Zentrum Mathematik, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Giulio Trigila
- Zentrum Mathematik, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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Wehrle M, Oberli S, Vaníček J. On-the-Fly ab Initio Semiclassical Dynamics of Floppy Molecules: Absorption and Photoelectron Spectra of Ammonia. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:5685-90. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b03907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Wehrle
- Laboratory of Theoretical
Physical Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Solène Oberli
- Laboratory of Theoretical
Physical Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jiří Vaníček
- Laboratory of Theoretical
Physical Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Bhattacharyya S, Opalka D, Poluyanov LV, Domcke W. The (E + A) × (e + a) Jahn–Teller and Pseudo-Jahn–Teller Hamiltonian Including Spin–Orbit Coupling for Trigonal Systems. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:11962-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jp506793z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Opalka
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Leonid V. Poluyanov
- Institute
of Chemical Physics, Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow 142432, Russia
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department
of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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8
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Zhu JS, Miao YR, Deng JK, Ning CG. The Jahn-Teller effect in the electron momentum spectroscopy of ammonia. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:174305. [PMID: 23145729 DOI: 10.1063/1.4766202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The 1e and 3a(1) bands of the ammonia molecule have been studied using the high-resolution electron momentum spectroscopy at impact energies of 1200 and 600 eV. Several slices of 1e and 3a(1) bands in the different binding energy ranges were selected, and their electron-momentum distributions were carefully compared. The discernable difference among the distributions of the selected slices of the 1e band shows that the Jahn-Teller effect indeed influences the electron momentum distribution of the 1e orbital of ammonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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9
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Nikoobakht B, Köppel H, Gindensperger E, Cederbaum LS. Efficient computation of adiabatic populations in multi-mode Jahn-Teller systems through the use of effective vibrational modes. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:174110. [PMID: 22070295 DOI: 10.1063/1.3656686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly efficient scheme for computing adiabatic electronic populations in multi-mode Jahn-Teller systems is presented. It relies on the transformation to an effective-mode vibrational basis in which the relevant quantities depend on the coordinates of a single mode only. In this way, the generally tedious numerical evaluation of high-dimensional integrals is avoided and replaced by one-dimensional integrations. The effective-mode scheme is applied to a variety of two-mode and three-mode Jahn-Teller systems and gives a typical speedup of about two to three orders of magnitude as compared to the direct evaluation of the adiabatic populations. The gain grows rapidly with the numbers of modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Nikoobakht
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Germany.
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11
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Kryzhevoi NV, Cederbaum LS. Using pH Value To Control Intermolecular Electronic Decay. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:1306-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201004446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Hollenstein U, Merkt F, Meyer L, Seiler R, Softley TP, Willitsch S. Rovibronic photoionization dynamics of ammonia isotopomers. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970701429889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Peluso A, Borrelli R, Capobianco A. Photoelectron Spectrum of Ammonia, a Test Case for the Calculation of Franck−Condon Factors in Molecules Undergoing Large Geometrical Displacements upon Photoionization. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:14831-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp905004z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Peluso
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Raffaele Borrelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Amedeo Capobianco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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14
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Webb AD, Nahler NH, Ashfold MNR. Imaging studies of the photodissociation of NH3+ and ND3+ cations. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:3773-8. [PMID: 19216561 DOI: 10.1021/jp808854d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Velocity map ion imaging methods have been used to study the photofragmentation dynamics of state-selected NH3+ and ND3+ cations. The cations were prepared in selected nu2+ bending vibrational levels of the ground (x2A'') electronic state by two-photon resonant, three-photon ionization of NH3(ND3), via several different nu2' levels of the and ' Rydberg states. Subsequent excitation to the A2E state by absorption of a 207.6 nm photon resulted in N-H(D) bond fission and NH2+(ND2+) fragment ion formation. These fragments exhibit isotropic recoil velocity distributions, which peak at low kinetic energy but extend to the maximum allowed by energy conservation. Such findings accord with conclusions from earlier electron induced photoionization and photoelectron-photoion coincidence studies of NH3 at similar total energies (defined relative to the ground-state neutral) and, as previously, can be rationalized in terms of excitation to the Jahn-Teller distorted state, rapid radiationless transfer via one or more conical intersections linking the and state potential energy surfaces (PESs) and subsequent unimolecular decay on the latter PES. Weak NH2+ and NH+ fragment ion signals are also observed when exciting with the ionization laser only; imaging these fragment ions provides some insights into their likely formation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Webb
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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15
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Multi-Mode Jahn–Teller and Pseudo-Jahn–Teller Effects in Benzenoid Cations. SPRINGER SERIES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-03432-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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16
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Photoionization-induced dynamics of the ammonia cation studied by wave packet calculations using curvilinear coordinates. Chem Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Ab initio characterization of XH3 (X=N, P). I. Ammonia, phosphine and their related ions and radicals: structure and thermochemistry. Theor Chem Acc 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-008-0436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Gindensperger E, Bâldea I, Franz J, Köppel H. Multi-state vibronic interactions in the fluorobenzene radical cation: The importance of quadratic coupling terms. Chem Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2007.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Viel A, Eisfeld W, Neumann S, Domcke W, Manthe U. Photoionization-induced dynamics of ammonia: ab initio potential energy surfaces and time-dependent wave packet calculations for the ammonia cation. J Chem Phys 2007; 124:214306. [PMID: 16774406 DOI: 10.1063/1.2202316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An analytical anharmonic six-dimensional three-sheeted potential energy surface for the ground and first excited states of the ammonia cation has been developed which is tailored to model the ultrafast photoinduced dynamics. Selected ab initio cuts, obtained by multireference configuration interaction calculations, have been used to determine the parameters of a diabatic representation for this Jahn-Teller and pseudo-Jahn-Teller system. The model includes higher-order coupling terms both for the Jahn-Teller and for the pseudo-Jahn-Teller matrix elements. The relaxation to the ground state is possible via dynamical pseudo-Jahn-Teller couplings involving the asymmetric bending and stretching coordinates. The photoelectron spectrum of NH3 and the internal conversion dynamics of NH3+ have been determined by wave packet propagation calculations employing the multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method. Three different time scales are found in the dynamics calculations for the second absorption band. The ultrafast Jahn-Teller dynamics of the two excited states occurs on a 5 fs time scale. The major part of the internal conversion to the ground state takes place within a short time scale of 20 fs. This fast internal conversion is, however, incomplete and the remaining excited state population does not decay completely even within 100 fs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Viel
- Laboratoire de Physique des Atomes, Lasers, Molécules et Surfaces (PALMS), CNRS UMR 6627, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes, France.
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20
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Bâldea I, Franz J, Szalay PG, Köppel H. Multi-mode vibronic interactions in the five lowest electronic states of the fluorobenzene radical cation. Chem Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2006.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Kumar R, Venkatesan T, Mahapatra S. Multistate and multimode vibronic dynamics: The Jahn–Teller and pseudo-Jahn–Teller effects in the ethane radical cation. Chem Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2006.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Yang J, Li J, Hao Y, Zhou C, Mo Y. Inversion vibration of PH3+(X2A2") studied by zero kinetic energy photoelectron spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:054311. [PMID: 16942217 DOI: 10.1063/1.2229211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first rotationally resolved spectroscopic studies on PH3+(X2A2") using zero kinetic energy photoelectron spectroscopy and coherent VUV radiation. The spectra about 8000 cm(-1) above the ground vibrational state of PH3+(X2A2") have been recorded. We observed the vibrational energy level splittings of PH3+(X2A2") due to the tunneling effect in the inversion (symmetric bending) vibration (nu2+). The energy splitting for the first inversion vibrational state (0+/0-) is 5.8 cm(-1). The inversion vibrational energy levels, rotational constants, and adiabatic ionization energies (IEs) for nu2+ = 0-16 have been determined. The bond angles between the neighboring P-H bonds and the P-H bond lengths are also obtained using the experimentally determined rotational constants. With the increasing of the inversion vibrational excitations (nu2+), the bond lengths (P-H) increase a little and the bond angles (H-P-H) decrease a lot. The inversion vibrational energy levels have also been calculated by using one dimensional potential model and the results are in good agreement with the experimental data for the first several vibrational levels. In addition to inversion vibration, we also observed firstly the other two vibrational modes: the symmetric P-H stretching vibration (nu1+) and the degenerate bending vibration (nu4+). The fundamental frequencies for nu1+ and nu4+ are 2461.6 (+/-2) and 1043.9 (+/-2) cm(-1), respectively. The first IE for PH3 was determined as 79670.9 (+/-1) cm(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Bâldea I, Köppel H. Multistate multimode vibronic dynamics: Entanglement of electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom in the benzene radical cation. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:64101. [PMID: 16483190 DOI: 10.1063/1.2149376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An earlier theoretical treatment of multimode and multistate vibronic coupling in the benzene radical cation [Koppel et al., J. Chem. Phys. 117, 2657 (2002)] is extended to investigate also the behavior of the nuclear degrees of freedom and to include additional electronic states. The five lowest doublet electronic states are considered which have been shown earlier to be all interconnected through a series of conical intersections of their potential-energy surfaces. In the most extensive calculations, they are all included simultaneously in the quantum dynamical calculations performed, which represent a system of unprecedented complexity treated in this way. The results are compared with various reduced-dimensionality treatments (i.e., employing reduced vibrational and electronic function spaces). The different temporal behavior of the various electronic populations is emphasized and traced to the different locations of the various seams of conical intersections: due to the coherent oscillations of the time-dependent wave packet this leads to an oscillatory behavior in some cases and to monotonous behavior in others. A seemingly irreversible behavior of the system dynamics in this strictly microscopic treatment is confirmed. The importance of this benchmark system to highlight complex, entangled multimode, and multistate vibronic dynamics is pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioan Bâldea
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Germany.
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24
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Marenich AV, Boggs JE. Ab Initio Study of Spin-Vibronic Dynamics in the Ground X̃2E and Excited Ã2A1 Electronic States of CH3S•. J Chem Theory Comput 2005; 1:1162-71. [PMID: 26631659 DOI: 10.1021/ct0501452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr V. Marenich
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - James E. Boggs
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712
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Venkatesan TS, Mahapatra S. Exploring the Jahn-Teller and pseudo-Jahn-Teller conical intersections in the ethane radical cation. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:114308. [PMID: 16392560 DOI: 10.1063/1.2032927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a theoretical account on the static and dynamic aspects of the Jahn-Teller (JT) and pseudo-Jahn-Teller (PJT) interactions in the ground and first excited electronic states of the ethane radical cation. The findings are compared with the experimental photoionization spectrum of ethane. The present theoretical approach is based on a model diabatic Hamiltonian and with the parameters derived from ab initio calculations. The optimized geometry of ethane in its electronic ground state (1A1g) revealed an equilibrium staggered conformation belonging to the D3d symmetry point group. At the vertical configuration, the ethane radical cation belongs to this symmetry point group. The ground and low-lying electronic states of this radical cation are of 2Eg, 2A1g, 2Eu, and 2A2u symmetries. Elementary symmetry selection rule suggests that the degenerate electronic states of the radical cation are prone to the JT distortion when perturbed along the degenerate vibrational modes of eg symmetry. The 2A1g state is estimated to be approximately 0.345 eV above the 2Eg state and approximately 2.405 eV below the 2Eu state at the vertical configuration. The symmetry selection rule also suggests PJT crossings of the 2A1g and the 2Eg electronic states of the radical cation along the vibrational modes of eg symmetry and such crossings appear to be energetically favorable also. The irregular vibrational progressions, with numerous shoulders and small peaks, observed below 12.55 eV in the experimental recording are manifestations of the dynamic (E x e)-JT effect. Our findings revealed that the PJT activity of the degenerate vibrational modes is particularly strong in the 2Eg-2A1g electronic manifold which leads to a broad and diffuse structure of the observed photoelectron band.
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Marenich AV, Boggs JE. The role of the cubic and quartic Jahn–Teller coupling in the X˜2E ground electronic state of the methoxy radical CH3O. Chem Phys Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mahapatra * S. Quantum non-adiabatic dynamics through conical intersections: Spectroscopy to reactive scattering. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350500037455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Multimode Jahn–Teller and pseudo-Jahn–Teller coupling effects in the photoelectron spectrum of CH3F. Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Venkatesan TS, Mahapatra S, Cederbaum LS, Köppel H. Theoretical Investigation of Jahn−Teller Dynamics in the 2E‘ Electronic Ground State of the Cyclopropane Radical Cation. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp037468j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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