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Power-to-chemicals: sustainable liquefaction of food waste with plasma-electrolysis. Front Chem Sci Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Xi D, Zhou R, Zhou R, Zhang X, Ye L, Li J, Jiang C, Chen Q, Sun G, Liu Q, Yang S. Mechanism and optimization for plasma electrolytic liquefaction of sawdust. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 241:545-551. [PMID: 28601772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, plasma electrolytic technology was successfully employed to achieve fast liquefaction of sawdust when polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200) and glycerol were used as liquefacient in the presence of the catalyst sulfuric acid. Results showed that H ions could heat the solution effectively during the plasma electrolytic liquefaction (PEL) process. The influence of some key parameters including liquefaction time, catalyst percentage, liquefacient/sawdust mass ratio, and PEG 200/glycerol molar ratio on the liquefaction yield were investigated. Based on the results of single factor experiments, response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the liquefaction process. Under the optimal conditions that is liquefaction time of 5.10min, catalyst percentage of 1.05%, liquefacient/sawdust mass ratio of 7.12/1 and PEG 200/glycerol molar ratio of 1.40/1, the liquefaction yield reached 99.48%. Hence, it could be concluded that PEL has good application potential for biomass fast liquefaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengke Xi
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Rusen Zhou
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Renwu Zhou
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Xianhui Zhang
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; ShenZhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Liyi Ye
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jiangwei Li
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Congcong Jiang
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guoya Sun
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qinghuo Liu
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham 27708, NC, United States
| | - Size Yang
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Reid SA. When isomerisation is electron transfer: the intriguing story of the iso-halocarbons. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2014.942548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kalume A, George L, Cunningham N, Reid SA. Case of the Missing Isomer: Pathways for Molecular Elimination in the Photoinduced Decomposition of 1,1-Dibromoethane. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:11915-23. [DOI: 10.1021/jp403114s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aimable Kalume
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881,
United States
| | - Lisa George
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881,
United States
| | - Nicole Cunningham
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881,
United States
| | - Scott A. Reid
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881,
United States
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Kalume A, George L, Reid SA. On the electronic spectroscopy of the iso-polyhalomethanes. Chem Phys Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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George L, Kalume A, Esselman BJ, Wagner J, McMahon RJ, Reid SA. Spectroscopic and computational studies of matrix-isolated iso-CHBr3: Structure, properties, and photochemistry of iso-bromoform. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:124503. [PMID: 21974531 DOI: 10.1063/1.3640887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa George
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA
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George L, Kalume A, El-Khoury PZ, Tarnovsky A, Reid SA. Matrix isolation and computational study of isodifluorodibromomethane (F2CBr–Br): A route to Br2 formation in CF2Br2 photolysis. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:084503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3319567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Guo Z, Zhao C, Phillips DL, Robertson EG, McNaughton D. An Experimental and Theoretical Study of NSCl Decomposition in the Presence of Trace Amounts of Water. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:8561-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp802445r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Cunyuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Evan G. Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Don McNaughton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Kirmse
- Fakultät für Chemie, Ruhr‐Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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Kwok WM, Zhao C, Guan X, Li YL, Du Y, Phillips DL. Efficient dehalogenation of polyhalomethanes and production of strong acids in aqueous environments: Water-catalyzed O–H-insertion and HI-elimination reactions of isodiiodomethane (CH2I–I) with water. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:9017-32. [PMID: 15267837 DOI: 10.1063/1.1701699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A combined experimental and theoretical study of the ultraviolet photolysis of CH2I2 in water is reported. Ultraviolet photolysis of low concentrations of CH2I2 in water was experimentally observed to lead to almost complete conversion into CH2(OH)2 and 2HI products. Picosecond time-resolved resonance Raman spectroscopy experiments in mixed water/acetonitrile solvents (25%-75% water) showed that appreciable amounts of isodiiodomethane (CH2I-I) were formed within several picoseconds and the decay of the CH2I-I species became substantially shorter with increasing water concentration, suggesting that CH2I-I may be reacting with water. Ab initio calculations demonstrate the CH2I-I species is able to react readily with water via a water-catalyzed O--H-insertion and HI-elimination reaction followed by its CH2I(OH) product undergoing a further water-catalyzed HI-elimination reaction to make a H2C=O product. These HI-elimination reactions produce the two HI leaving groups observed experimentally and the H2C=O product further reacts with water to produce the other final CH2(OH)2 product observed in the photochemistry experiments. These results suggest that CH2I-I is the species that reacts with water to produce the CH2(OH)2 and 2HI products seen in the photochemistry experiments. The present study demonstrates that ultraviolet photolysis of CH2I2 at low concentration leads to efficient dehalogenation and release of multiple strong acid (HI) leaving groups. Some possible ramifications for the decomposition of polyhalomethanes and halomethanols in aqueous environments as well as the photochemistry of polyhalomethanes in the natural environment are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Ming Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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Kwok WM, Zhao C, Li YL, Guan X, Phillips DL. Direct observation of an isopolyhalomethane O–H insertion reaction with water: Picosecond time-resolved resonance Raman (ps-TR3) study of the isobromoform reaction with water to produce a CHBr2OH product. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:3323-32. [PMID: 15268486 DOI: 10.1063/1.1640997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Picosecond time-resolved resonance Raman (ps-TR3) spectroscopy was used to obtain the first definitive spectroscopic observation of an isopolyhalomethane O-H insertion reaction with water. The ps-TR3 spectra show that isobromoform is produced within several picoseconds after photolysis of CHBr3 and then reacts on the hundreds of picosecond time scale with water to produce a CHBr2OH reaction product. Photolysis of low concentrations of bromoform in aqueous solution resulted in noticeable formation of HBr strong acid. Ab initio calculations show that isobromoform can react with water to produce a CHBr2(OH) O-H insertion reaction product and a HBr leaving group. This is consistent with both the ps-TR3 experiments that observe the reaction of isobromoform with water to form a CHBr2(OH) product and photolysis experiments that show HBr acid formation. We briefly discuss the implications of these results for the phase dependent behavior of polyhalomethane photochemistry in the gas phase versus water solvated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Ming Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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Guan X, Du Y, Li YL, Kwok WM, Phillips DL. Comparison of the dehalogenation of polyhalomethanes and production of strong acids in aqueous and salt (NaCl) water environments: Ultraviolet photolysis of CH[sub 2]I[sub 2]. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:8399-409. [PMID: 15511161 DOI: 10.1063/1.1803508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultraviolet photolysis of CH(2)I(2) was studied in water and salt water solutions using photochemistry and picosecond time-resolved resonance Raman spectroscopy. Photolysis in both types of environments produces mainly CH(2)(OH)(2) and HI products. However, photolysis of CH(2)I(2) in salt water leads to the formation of different products/intermediates (CH(2)ICl and Cl(2) (-)) not observed in the absence of salt in aqueous solutions. The amount of CH(2)(OH)(2) and HI products appears to decrease after photolysis of CH(2)I(2) in salt water compared to pure water. We briefly discuss possible implications of these results for photolysis of CH(2)I(2) and other polyhalomethanes in sea water and other salt aqueous environments compared to nonsalt water solvated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguo Guan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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