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Bergmeister S, Ganner L, Locher J, Zappa F, Scheier P, Gruber E. Spectroscopy of helium-tagged molecular ions-Development of a novel experimental setup. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:055105. [PMID: 37191466 DOI: 10.1063/5.0144239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this contribution, we present an efficient and alternative method to the commonly used RF-multipole trap technique to produce He-tagged molecular ions at cryogenic temperatures, which are perfectly suitable for messenger spectroscopy. The seeding of dopant ions in multiply charged helium nanodroplets, in combination with a gentle extraction of the latter from the helium matrix, enables the efficient production of He-tagged ion species. With a quadrupole mass filter, a specific ion of interest is selected, merged with a laser beam, and the photoproducts are measured in a time-of-flight mass-spectrometer. The detection of the photofragment signal from a basically zero background is much more sensitive than the depletion of the same amount of signal from precursor ions, delivering high quality spectra at reduced data acquisition times. Proof-of-principle measurements of bare and He-tagged Ar-cluster ions, as well as of He-tagged C60 ions, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bergmeister
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lisa Ganner
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Locher
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fabio Zappa
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Gruber
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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2
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Wang G, Zhang Z, Wang D, Shi YE, Wang Z. Solid-State Luminescent Materials with Multiple Emission Colors and Near-Unity Quantum Yield. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202652. [PMID: 36302702 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Developing solid luminescent materials with a unity quantum yield and tunable emission color is promising, although it is still a difficult task. A straightforward heat-treatment method has been developed to load 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) into the matrix of boric acid (BA) to produce powders with a near-unity quantum yield and tunable emission color from yellow to green. Our results suggest that the emission of the powders originates from PTCDA, and the tunability of the emission color is caused by the hydrolysis of PTCDA in the alkaline environment. The near-unity quantum yield is attributed to the BA matrix, which confines PTCDA. In addition, the powder also shows excellent thermal stability that allows its application in light-emitting diodes. The above results are important for the development of solid-state luminescent materials for various applications, and also provide a clue for studying the emission properties of luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, P. R. China
| | - Yu-E Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, P. R. China
| | - Zhenguang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, P. R. China
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3
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Izadnia S, LaForge AC, Stienkemeier F, Cheeseman JR, Bloino J, Cheramy J, Jäger W, Xu Y. Unusual binary aggregates of perylene bisimide revealed by their electronic transitions in helium nanodroplets and DFT calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:13862-13872. [PMID: 34159991 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01923f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The S1 ← S0 electronic transition of perylene bisimide (PBI) and its binary aggregates were investigated using a combination of helium nanodroplet isolation spectroscopy and computational methods. First, well-resolved vibronic bands of the PBI monomer obtained under the superfluid helium nanodroplet environment were compared to simulated vibronic spectra with anharmonic corrections of the band positions. Second, about ten sets of weaker vibronic bands were observed, which show similar vibronic patterns as that of the PBI monomer and have their band origins red-shifted by about 8 to 218 cm-1. Experimental Poisson curve analyses, performed at the origins of these new sets of bands and the PBI monomer, indicate that the carriers of these weaker red-shifted vibronic bands are binary adducts of PBI. Three types of PBI dimer structures where the electronic transition dipole moments of the two subunits are perpendicular to each other were proposed as possible carriers of these red-shifted vibronic patterns. Extensive vibronic simulations were carried out in a multi-step procedure with TD-DFT, vertical Hessian, and finally adiabatic Hessian approaches. Small red-shifted band origins and very similar vibronic patterns to that of the monomer were predicted for unusual, T-shaped, type I dimer structures and are in close agreement with the experimental data. The combined experimental and theoretical results indicate that the helium nanodroplet environment enables the formation of these unusual T-shaped dimers and stabilizes them.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Izadnia
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - A C LaForge
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - F Stienkemeier
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - James R Cheeseman
- Gaussian Inc., 340 Quinnipiac St., Bldg. 40, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-4050, USA
| | - Julien Bloino
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - J Cheramy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
| | - Wolfgang Jäger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
| | - Yunjie Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
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4
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Bruder L, Bangert U, Binz M, Uhl D, Vexiau R, Bouloufa-Maafa N, Dulieu O, Stienkemeier F. Coherent multidimensional spectroscopy of dilute gas-phase nanosystems. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4823. [PMID: 30446649 PMCID: PMC6240067 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07292-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) is one of the most powerful spectroscopic techniques with unique sensitivity to couplings, coherence properties and real-time dynamics of a quantum system. While successfully applied to a variety of condensed phase samples, high precision experiments on isolated systems in the gas phase have been so far precluded by insufficient sensitivity. However, such experiments are essential for a precise understanding of fundamental mechanisms and to avoid misinterpretations. Here, we solve this issue by extending 2DES to isolated nanosystems in the gas phase prepared by helium nanodroplet isolation in a molecular beam-type experiment. This approach uniquely provides high flexibility in synthesizing tailored, quantum state-selected model systems of single and many-body character. In a model study of weakly-bound Rb2 and Rb3 molecules we demonstrate the method's unique capacity to elucidate interactions and dynamics in tailored quantum systems, thereby also bridging the gap to experiments in ultracold quantum science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Bruder
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Bangert
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Binz
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Uhl
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Romain Vexiau
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Nadia Bouloufa-Maafa
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Dulieu
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Frank Stienkemeier
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Institute of Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 19, 79194, Freiburg, Germany
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5
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Kerfoot J, Korolkov VV, Nizovtsev AS, Jones R, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Lesanovsky I, Olmos B, Besley NA, Besley E, Beton PH. Substrate-induced shifts and screening in the fluorescence spectra of supramolecular adsorbed organic monolayers. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:054701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5041418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James Kerfoot
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Vladimir V. Korolkov
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Anton S. Nizovtsev
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Lavrentiev Avenue 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Ryan Jones
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-Equilibrium Systems, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Igor Lesanovsky
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-Equilibrium Systems, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Beatriz Olmos
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-Equilibrium Systems, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas A. Besley
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Besley
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Peter H. Beton
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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6
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Paulheim A, Marquardt C, Sokolowski M, Hochheim M, Bredow T, Aldahhak H, Rauls E, Schmidt WG. Surface induced vibrational modes in the fluorescence spectra of PTCDA adsorbed on the KCl(100) and NaCl(100) surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:32891-32902. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05661j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a combined experiment-theory study on low energy vibrational modes in fluorescence spectra of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Paulheim
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn
- 53115 Bonn
- Germany
| | - C. Marquardt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn
- 53115 Bonn
- Germany
| | - M. Sokolowski
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn
- 53115 Bonn
- Germany
| | - M. Hochheim
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn
- 53115 Bonn
- Germany
| | - T. Bredow
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn
- 53115 Bonn
- Germany
| | - H. Aldahhak
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Physik
- Universität Paderborn
- 33098 Paderborn
- Germany
| | - E. Rauls
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Physik
- Universität Paderborn
- 33098 Paderborn
- Germany
| | - W. G. Schmidt
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Physik
- Universität Paderborn
- 33098 Paderborn
- Germany
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7
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Bruder L, Mudrich M, Stienkemeier F. Phase-modulated electronic wave packet interferometry reveals high resolution spectra of free Rb atoms and Rb*He molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:23877-85. [PMID: 26309123 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03868e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phase-modulated wave packet interferometry is combined with mass-resolved photoion detection to investigate rubidium atoms attached to helium nanodroplets in a molecular beam experiment. The spectra of atomic Rb electronic states show a vastly enhanced sensitivity and spectral resolution when compared to conventional pump-probe wave packet interferometry. Furthermore, the formation of Rb*He exciplex molecules is probed and for the first time a fully resolved vibrational spectrum for transitions between the lowest excited 5Π3/2 and the high-lying electronic states 2(2)Π, 4(2)Δ, 6(2)Σ is obtained and compared to theory. The feasibility of applying coherent multidimensional spectroscopy to dilute cold gas phase samples is demonstrated in these experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Bruder
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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8
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Hochheim M, Bredow T. Adsorption-induced changes of intramolecular optical transitions: PTCDA/NaCl and PTCDA/KCl. J Comput Chem 2015; 36:1805-11. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Hochheim
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Thomas Bredow
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Germany
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9
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Kar R, Borpuzari MP, Song JW, Hirao K. Molecules relevant for organic photovoltaics: a range-separated density functional study. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1059512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Dvorak M, Müller M, Bünermann O, Stienkemeier F. Size dependent transition to solid hydrogen and argon clusters probed via spectroscopy of PTCDA embedded in helium nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2015; 140:144301. [PMID: 24735293 DOI: 10.1063/1.4870395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Complexes made of either Ar(N) or (H2)N clusters (N = 1-170) and a single PTCDA molecule (3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride) are assembled inside helium droplets and spectroscopically studied via laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. The frequency shift and line-broadening are analyzed as a function of N and of the pick-up order of the PTCDA and cluster material in order to track liquid or solid properties of the clusters. For argon, the solid phase is observed for N > 10 above which the pick-up order dramatically influences the localization of the chromophore with respect to the Ar cluster. If the droplets are doped first with Ar, the chromophore remains on the surface of a solid cluster whereas for the reversed pick-up order the molecule is surrounded by an argon shell. At N < 10 wetting and the formation of the first solvation shell are observed. For para-hydrogen, a transition to the solid is observed at N ~ 20-25, confirming previous theoretical predictions on the existence of a liquid-like phase at such small sizes, even below the bulk hydrogen freezing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Dvorak
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Müller
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Bünermann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Tammannstr. 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Stienkemeier
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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12
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Müller M, Paulheim A, Eisfeld A, Sokolowski M. Finite size line broadening and superradiance of optical transitions in two dimensional long-range ordered molecular aggregates. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:044302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4813521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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13
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Müller M, Paulheim A, Marquardt C, Sokolowski M. Spectroscopy of isolated PTCDA molecules on the KCl(100) surface: Vibrational spectra and azimuthal orientation. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:064703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4789266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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14
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Paulheim A, Müller M, Marquardt C, Sokolowski M. Fluorescence spectroscopy of PTCDA molecules on the KCl(100) surface in the limit of low coverages: site selection and diffusion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:4906-13. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp44256j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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15
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Oltean M, Calborean A, Mile G, Vidrighin M, Iosin M, Leopold L, Maniu D, Leopold N, Chiş V. Absorption spectra of PTCDI: a combined UV-Vis and TD-DFT study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 97:703-710. [PMID: 22885930 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Absorption spectra of PTCDI (3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-diimide) have been investigated in chloroform, N,N'-dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). While no signature of assembled PTCDI molecules is observed in chloroform solution, distinct bands assigned to their aggregation have been identified in DMF and DMSO solutions. PTCDI monomers show very similar absorption patterns in chloroform and DMSO solutions. Experimental data, including the vibronic structure of the absorption spectra were explained based on the Franck-Condon approximation and quantum chemical results obtained at PBE0-DCP/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory. Geometry optimization of the first excited state leads to a nice agreement between the calculated adiabatic transition energies and experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea Oltean
- Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Physics, Kogălniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Dvorak M, Müller M, Knoblauch T, Bünermann O, Rydlo A, Minniberger S, Harbich W, Stienkemeier F. Spectroscopy of 3, 4, 9, 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) attached to rare gas samples: Clusters vs. bulk matrices. II. Fluorescence emission spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:164302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4759445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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17
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Dvorak M, Müller M, Knoblauch T, Bünermann O, Rydlo A, Minniberger S, Harbich W, Stienkemeier F. Spectroscopy of 3, 4, 9, 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) attached to rare gas samples: Clusters vs. bulk matrices. I. Absorption spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:164301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4759443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Ambrosek D, Köhn A, Schulze J, Kühn O. Quantum Chemical Parametrization and Spectroscopic Characterization of the Frenkel Exciton Hamiltonian for a J-Aggregate Forming Perylene Bisimide Dye. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:11451-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3069706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Ambrosek
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - A. Köhn
- Institut für Physikalische
Chemie, Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg
10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Schulze
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - O. Kühn
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
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Kronik L, Stein T, Refaely-Abramson S, Baer R. Excitation Gaps of Finite-Sized Systems from Optimally Tuned Range-Separated Hybrid Functionals. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:1515-31. [PMID: 26593646 DOI: 10.1021/ct2009363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 499] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Excitation gaps are of considerable significance in electronic structure theory. Two different gaps are of particular interest. The fundamental gap is defined by charged excitations, as the difference between the first ionization potential and the first electron affinity. The optical gap is defined by a neutral excitation, as the difference between the energies of the lowest dipole-allowed excited state and the ground state. Within many-body perturbation theory, the fundamental gap is the difference between the corresponding lowest quasi-hole and quasi-electron excitation energies, and the optical gap is addressed by including the interaction between a quasi-electron and a quasi-hole. A long-standing challenge has been the attainment of a similar description within density functional theory (DFT), with much debate on whether this is an achievable goal even in principle. Recently, we have constructed and applied a new approach to this problem. Anchored in the rigorous theoretical framework of the generalized Kohn-Sham equation, our method is based on a range-split hybrid functional that uses exact long-range exchange. Its main novel feature is that the range-splitting parameter is not a universal constant but rather is determined from first principles, per system, based on satisfaction of the ionization potential theorem. For finite-sized objects, this DFT approach mimics successfully, to the best of our knowledge for the first time, the quasi-particle picture of many-body theory. Specifically, it allows for the extraction of both the fundamental and the optical gap from one underlying functional, based on the HOMO-LUMO gap of a ground-state DFT calculation and the lowest excitation energy of a linear-response time-dependent DFT calculation, respectively. In particular, it produces the correct optical gap for the difficult case of charge-transfer and charge-transfer-like scenarios, where conventional functionals are known to fail. In this perspective, we overview the formal and practical challenges associated with gap calculations, explain our new approach and how it overcomes previous difficulties, and survey its application to a variety of systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leeor Kronik
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Tamar Stein
- Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University , Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Sivan Refaely-Abramson
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Roi Baer
- Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University , Jerusalem 91904 Israel
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20
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Forker R, Gruenewald M, Fritz T. Optical differential reflectance spectroscopy on thin molecular films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2pc90002e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Shaller AD, Wang W, Li A, Moyna G, Han JJ, Helms GL, Li ADQ. Sequence-Controlled Oligomers Fold into Nanosolenoids and Impart Unusual Optical Properties. Chemistry 2011; 17:8350-62. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Roden J, Eisfeld A, Dvořák M, Bünermann O, Stienkemeier F. Vibronic line shapes of PTCDA oligomers in helium nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:054907. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3526749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Roden J, Strunz WT, Eisfeld A. Non-Markovian quantum state diffusion for absorption spectra of molecular aggregates. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:034902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3512979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Scholz R, Gisslén L, Schuster BE, Casu MB, Chassé T, Heinemeyer U, Schreiber F. Resonant Raman spectra of diindenoperylene thin films. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:014504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3514709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Dienel T, Krause A, Alle R, Forker R, Meerholz K, Fritz T. Alkali metal doped organic molecules on insulators: charge impact on the optical properties. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:4064-70. [PMID: 20715065 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201000891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dienel
- Institut für Angewandte Photophysik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
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Smolarek S, Rijs AM, Buma WJ, Drabbels M. Absorption spectroscopy of adenine, 9-methyladenine, and 2-aminopurine in helium nanodroplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:15600-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00746c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Roden J, Schulz G, Eisfeld A, Briggs J. Electronic energy transfer on a vibronically coupled quantum aggregate. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:044909. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3176513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Forker R, Fritz T. Optical differential reflectance spectroscopy of ultrathin epitaxial organic films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:2142-55. [PMID: 19305886 DOI: 10.1039/b814628d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This Perspective does not have the ambition to entirely review the subject of optical spectroscopy on thin organic films. What we will try to achieve instead is to give an overview on optical reflectance spectroscopy of highly ordered organic thin films in the thickness range from submonolayers to several monolayers, as a tool to study the absorption behavior of such films. By doing so, we will emphasize the relations between the physical layer structure and the resulting optical properties. More specifically, we intend to show on the basis of particular examples what physical effects can be favorably examined by means of real-time optical spectroscopy, i.e., applied during the actual film growth, especially differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Epitaxial organic films on inorganic substrates (insulators and conductors) will be in focus, and also the perspectives of investigating organic-organic heteroepitaxial layers will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Forker
- Institut für Angewandte Photophysik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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Walczak PB, Eisfeld A, Briggs JS. Exchange narrowing of the J band of molecular dye aggregates. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:044505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2823730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Birer Ö, Moreschini P, Lehmann KK. Electronic spectroscopy of benzo[g,h,i]perylene and coronene inside helium nanodroplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:1648-57. [DOI: 10.1039/b717307e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Birer O, Moreschini P, Lehmann KK, Scoles G. Electronic Spectroscopy of Biphenylene Inside Helium Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:7624-30. [PMID: 17580829 DOI: 10.1021/jp070741n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have recorded the S1 <-- S0 electronic spectra of Biphenylene and its Ar and O2 van der Waals complexes inside helium nanodroplets using beam depletion detection. In general, the spectrum is similar to the previously reported high-resolution REMPI spectrum. The zero phonon lines, however, are split similar to the previously reported tetracene case. The calculated potential energy surface predicts that helium atoms can simultaneously occupy all equivalent global minima positions. Therefore, it appears that the splitting cannot be explained either by different isomers or by tunneling. Furthermore, surprisingly the splitting is retained for the Ar van der Waals complexes (and possibly for the O2 complex as well). This case suggests that the current models of the origin of zero phonon line splitting and the helium solvation are incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgür Birer
- Chemistry Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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Wewer M, Stienkemeier F. Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy of N,N′-dimethyl 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic diimide monomers and oligomers attached to helium nanodroplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2005; 7:1171-5. [DOI: 10.1039/b418896a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Makowski M, Pawlikowski MT. The Franck–Condon effect in 11B1u state of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic-dianhydride. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Schmied R, Carçabal P, Dokter AM, Lonij VPA, Lehmann KK, Scoles G. UV spectra of benzene isotopomers and dimers in helium nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:2701-10. [PMID: 15281871 DOI: 10.1063/1.1767515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report spectra of various benzene isotopomers and their dimers in helium nanodroplets in the region of the first Herzberg-Teller allowed vibronic transition 6(0)(1) (1)B(2u)<--(1)A(1g) (the A(0) (0) transition) at approximately 260 nm. Excitation spectra have been recorded using both beam depletion detection and laser-induced fluorescence. Unlike for many larger aromatic molecules, the monomer spectra consist of a single "zero-phonon" line, blueshifted by approximately 30 cm(-1) from the gas phase position. Rotational band simulations show that the moments of inertia of C(6)H(6) in the nanodroplets are at least six-times larger than in the gas phase. The dimer spectra present the same vibronic fine structure (though modestly compressed) as previously observed in the gas phase. The fluorescence lifetime and quantum yield of the dimer are found to be equal to those of the monomer, implying substantial inhibition of excimer formation in the dimer in helium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Schmied
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
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