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Ghosh R, Sarkar S, Jana Y, Piwowarska D, Gnutek P, Rudowicz C. Eu 3+ ions as a crystal-field probe for low-symmetry sites in doped phosphors - a case study: Eu 3+ at triclinic sites in Li 6RE(BO 3) 3 (RE = Y, Gd), YBO 3 and ZnO and at trigonal sites in YAl 3(BO 3) 4. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25537-25551. [PMID: 37712933 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03090c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
We present crystal-field (CF) calculations of energy levels (Ei) of Eu3+ ions doped in various hosts aimed at exploring the low-symmetry properties of CF parameters (CFPs) and reliability of CFP modelling with decreasing site symmetry. The hosts studied are: Li6Y(BO3)3, Li6Gd(BO3)3, YBO3, and ZnO with Eu3+ at triclinic sites; YAl3(BO3)4 with Eu3+ ions at trigonal D3 symmetry. Two independent CFP modelling approaches utilizing the hosts' structural data are employed: the exchange charge model (ECM) and the superposition model (SPM). We adopt the Eu3+ actual site symmetry and not the approximated one. The Ei values calculated using CFPs modelled by the ECM and SPM mutually agree with the observed ones. For triclinic symmetry, the ECM/CFPs and SPM/CFPs were numerically distinct, yet turned out to be physically equivalent yielding identical rotational invariants, Sk (k = 2, 4, 6) and Ei. For trigonal symmetry, both CFP sets agree numerically, thus Sk and Ei are identical. This disparity poses a dilemma, since the modified crystallographic axis system was used in both approaches. The standardization of the triclinic CFPs using the 3DD package was performed to solve this dilemma. It has enabled discussing standardization aspects in experimental and computed CFP sets and elucidating intricate low-symmetry aspects inherent in CFP sets. Understanding of low-symmetry aspects in CF studies may bring about a better interpretation of the spectroscopic and magnetic properties of rare-earth ion doped host crystals. Thus, our study could provide more deep insights into the importance of clear definitions of axis systems and adequate treatment of actual site symmetry in the modelling of CFPs for low-symmetry cases which is essential for technological applications and engineering of rare-earth activated phosphor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riti Ghosh
- Department of Physics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India.
| | - Shankhanil Sarkar
- Department of Physics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India.
| | - Yatramohan Jana
- Department of Physics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India.
| | - Danuta Piwowarska
- Department of Technical Physics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Gnutek
- Laboratory for Research on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Materials POLITEST, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Czesław Rudowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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Singhaal R, Tashi L, Nisa ZU, Ashashi NA, Sen C, Devi S, Sheikh HN. PEI functionalized NaCeF 4:Tb 3+/Eu 3+ for photoluminescence sensing of heavy metal ions and explosive aromatic nitro compounds. RSC Adv 2021; 11:19333-19350. [PMID: 35479215 PMCID: PMC9033614 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02910j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reports an eco-friendly hydrothermal approach for the synthesis of hexagonal NaCeF4:Tb3+/Eu3+ nanophosphors. The phase, morphology and optical properties were characterized by Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy respectively. Herein, the as-synthesized nanophosphor was functionalized with amine rich polyethylenimine (PEI) resulting in development of a luminescent nanoprobe bearing dual sensing functions for hazardous nitroaromatics and heavy metal ions. The strong photoluminescence emission of Eu3+ ions was selectively quenched upon addition of toxic analytes at concentrations from 10 to 100 ppm due to complex formation between the analytes and PEI functionalized nanostructure. The synthesized nanomaterial shows sharp emission peaks at 493, 594, 624, 657 and 700 nm. Significantly, the peak at 594 nm shows a noticeable quenching effect on addition of toxic analytes to the aqueous solution of the nanocrystals. The nanophosphors are sensitive and efficient for the PA and Fe3+ ion detection with an LOD of 1.32 ppm and 1.39 ppm. The Stern-Volmer (SV) quenching constant (K SV) is found to be 2.25 × 105 M-1 for PA and 3.8 × 104 M-1 for Fe3+ ions. The high K SV value and low LOD suggest high selectivity and sensitivity of the nanosensor towards PA and Fe3+ ions over other analytes. Additionally, a reduced graphene oxide and nanophosphor based nanocomposite was also synthesized to investigate the role of energy transfer involving delocalized energy levels of reduced graphene oxide in regulating the luminescence properties of the nanophosphor. It was observed that PEI plays central role in inhibiting the quenching effect of reduced graphene oxide on the nanophosphor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Singhaal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu Baba Sahib Ambedkar Road Jammu-180006 India
| | - Lobzang Tashi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu Baba Sahib Ambedkar Road Jammu-180006 India
| | - Zaib Ul Nisa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu Baba Sahib Ambedkar Road Jammu-180006 India
| | - Nargis Akhter Ashashi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu Baba Sahib Ambedkar Road Jammu-180006 India
| | - Charanjeet Sen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu Baba Sahib Ambedkar Road Jammu-180006 India
| | - Swaita Devi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu Baba Sahib Ambedkar Road Jammu-180006 India
| | - Haq Nawaz Sheikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu Baba Sahib Ambedkar Road Jammu-180006 India
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Synthesis, optical properties and toxic potentiality of photoluminescent lanthanum oxide nanospheres. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Puntus L, Zhuravlev K, Lyssenko K, Antipin M, Pekareva I. Luminescence and structural properties of lanthanide complexes of Schiff bases derived from pyridoxal and amino acids. Dalton Trans 2007:4079-88. [PMID: 17828370 DOI: 10.1039/b706020c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanide complexes of Schiff bases (SBs) with 1:1 and 1:2 (M:Lig) stoichiometric ratios were prepared by condensation of pyridoxal (PL) and aspartic acid (Asp) or l-histidine (His), respectively, in the presence of the appropriate metal chloride as a templating agent. These complexes were studied by optical spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Crystallographic studies of 1:1 ([Eu(PL-Asp)(H(2)O)(4)](H(2)O)) and 1:2 ([Eu(PL-His)(2)(H(2)O)(2)]Cl(H(2)O)(4)) complexes show that Eu(III) is eight-coordinate in both structures, in a distorted square antiprism environment formed by the phenolic oxygen of PL, the nitrogen atom of carbon-nitrogen double bond, oxygen atoms of the carboxylate groups of His or Asp, and oxygen atoms of the water molecules. The main species formed in aqueous solutions containing these SBs have been determined by analysis of the luminescence spectra, lifetimes of Eu(III) excited states and vibronic interaction as well as structural features of the Eu(III) coordination sphere. Possible tetradentate coordination function of SBs in aqueous solutions with relatively high concentrations as well as the potential application of the lanthanide SB complexes as new luminescence materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lada Puntus
- Laboratory of Molecular Nanoelectronics, Institute of Radio Engineering & Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 11-7 Mokhovaya, Moscow, 125009, Russia.
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Chapter 155 Rationalization of crystal-field parametrization. HANDBOOK ON THE PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF RARE EARTHS 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1273(96)23006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Shen YR, Holzapfel WB. Nephelauxetic effects on Sm2+ and Eu3+ in ternary MYX compounds. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:12618-12626. [PMID: 9980421 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Shen YR, Holzapfel WB. Effects of electron correlation in crystal-field splittings of Sm2+ in MFCl-type hosts. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:6127-6130. [PMID: 9979537 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.6127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Carlos LD, Videira ALL. A mean radius for the first coordination shell in lanthanides. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chateau C, Hölsä J, Porcher P. Luminescence of the Europium(III) Doped High Temperature and Pressure Modification of Rare Earth Disilicates. Z PHYS CHEM 1990. [DOI: 10.1524/zpch.1990.166.part_2.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chateau C, Hölsä J, Porcher P. Parametric analysis of crystal-field effects in rare-earth-metal disilicates doped with trivalent europium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9900001575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Morrison CA, Leavitt RP. Chapter 46 Spectroscopic properties of triply ionized. HANDBOOK ON THE PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF RARE EARTHS VOLUME 5 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1273(82)05009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Dexpert-Ghys J, Faucher M, Caro P. Optical and structural investigation of the lanthanum β-alumina phase doped with europium. J SOLID STATE CHEM 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-4596(76)90168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jewett JW, Wigen PE. EPR of Tb3+, Pr3+, Gd3+, and Eu3+ ions in single crystal La2O2S. J Chem Phys 1974. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1682452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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The inner mechanism of rare earths elucidated by photo-electron spectra. STRUCTURE AND BONDING 1973. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-06125-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ratinen H. X-ray-excited optical fluorescence of ten rare earth ions in Y2O2S, La2O2S, and Gd2O2S. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1972. [DOI: 10.1002/pssa.2210120211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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