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Qin Y, Zhang S, Zhang S, Tucker MG, Keen DA, Cai G, Phillips AE, Dove MT. Orientational order and phase transitions in deuterated methane: a neutron total scattering and reverse Monte Carlo study. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 34:015401. [PMID: 34619662 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac2db8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report a study of the orientational order and phase transitions in crystalline deuterated methane, carried out using neutron total scattering and the reverse Monte Carlo method. The resultant atomic configurations are consistent with the average structures obtained from Rietveld refinement of the powder diffraction data, but additionally enable us to determine the C-D bond orientational distribution functions (ODF) for the disordered molecules in the high-temperature phase, and for both ordered and disordered molecules in the intermediate-temperature phase. We show that this approach gives more accurate information than can been obtained from fitting a bond ODF to diffraction data. Given the resurgence of interest in orientationally-disordered crystals, we argue that the approach of total scattering with the RMC method provides a unique quantification of orientational order and disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinze Qin
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Shidong Zhang
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijie Zhang
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Matthew G Tucker
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Neutron Scattering Division, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States of America
| | - David A Keen
- ISIS Facility, Harwell Campus, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Guanqun Cai
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony E Phillips
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Martin T Dove
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Hongshan district, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
- School of Mechanical Engineering Dongguan University of Technology, 1st Daxue Road, Songhan Lake, Dongguan, Guangdong 523000, People's Republic of China
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2
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Salzmann CG, Rosu-Finsen A. The crystallography of Pluto. IUCRJ 2020; 7:782-783. [PMID: 32939269 PMCID: PMC7467172 DOI: 10.1107/s205225252001163x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Maynard-Casely and co-workers [IUCrJ (2020). 7, 844-851.] investigate two of Pluto's most abundant minerals with neutron diffraction. The new results will be key to understanding the geology of our distant neighbour and represent a significant advance in the emerging field of small-molecule geology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph G. Salzmann
- University College London, Department of Chemistry, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Rosu-Finsen
- University College London, Department of Chemistry, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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3
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Maynard-Casely HE, Hester JR, Brand HEA. Re-examining the crystal structure behaviour of nitrogen and methane. IUCRJ 2020; 7:844-851. [PMID: 32939276 PMCID: PMC7467175 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252520007460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the light of NASA's New Horizons mission, the solid-phase behaviour of methane and nitrogen has been re-examined and the thermal expansion coefficients of both materials have been determined over their whole solid temperature range for the first time. Neutron diffraction results indicate that the symmetric Pa 3 space group is the best description for the α-nitrogen structure, rather than the long-accepted P213. Furthermore, it is also observed that β-nitrogen and methane phase I show changes in texture on warming, indicating grain growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E. Maynard-Casely
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC 2232 Australia
| | - James R. Hester
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC 2232 Australia
| | - Helen E. A. Brand
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton 3168, Australia
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Abstract
Methane and other hydrocarbons are major components of the mantle regions of icy planets. Several recent computational studies have investigated the high-pressure behaviour of specific hydrocarbons. To develop a global picture of hydrocarbon stability, to identify relevant decomposition reactions, and probe eventual formation of diamond, a complete study of all hydrocarbons is needed. Using density functional theory calculations we survey here all known C-H crystal structures augmented by targeted crystal structure searches to build hydrocarbon phase diagrams in the ground state and at elevated temperatures. We find that an updated pressure-temperature phase diagram for methane is dominated at intermediate pressures by CH 4 :H 2 van der Waals inclusion compounds. We discuss the P-T phase diagram for CH and CH 2 (i.e., polystyrene and polyethylene) to illustrate that diamond formation conditions are strongly composition dependent. Finally, crystal structure searches uncover a new CH 4 (H 2 ) 2 van der Waals compound, the most hydrogen-rich hydrocarbon, stable between 170 and 220 GPa.
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5
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Huang Y, Li K, Jiang X, Su Y, Cao X, Zhao J. Phase Diagram of Methane Hydrates and Discovery of MH-VI Hydrate. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:6007-6013. [PMID: 29965764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b02590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Methane hydrate is not only the predominant natural deposits of permafrost and continental margins of Earth but also the dominant methane-containing phase in the nebula and major moons of gas giants. Depending on the surrounding environment (mainly pressure), seven methane hydrate phases have been discovered by experiment or predicted by computer simulation, such as clathrate methane hydrates I, II, H, and K, and filled-ice methane hydrates III, IV, and V. Using extensive Monte Carlo packing algorithm and density functional theory optimization, here we predict a partial clathrate methane hydrate VI built by basic units of 4262 water bowl encapsulating a methane molecule, which is dynamically stable from the computed phonon dispersion. Its density and structural characteristics are comparable to that of filled-ice methane hydrate III. By calculating the formation enthalpies of a variety of candidate phases at different pressures, a phase diagram of methane hydrates is constructed. As pressure rises, phase transitions occur among the methane hydrates along with decreasing water/methane molecular ratios. The newly predicted methane hydrate VI emerges as the most stable phase in the region between clathrate phase II and filled-ice phase III, suggesting that methane hydrate VI might be synthesized in a laboratory under accessible conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser , Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology) , Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024 , China.,Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588 , United States
| | - Keyao Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser , Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology) , Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser , Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology) , Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Yan Su
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser , Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology) , Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cao
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering , Jiangsu Second Normal University , Nanjing 210013 , China
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser , Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology) , Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024 , China
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6
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Suzuki H, Inaba A. Isotopic localization of the partially deuterated methyl group in solid methanol and methyl iodide. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:174501. [PMID: 28477599 DOI: 10.1063/1.4982210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat capacity measurements were made down to 0.35 K for the isotopic modifications of methanol, CH3-nDnOH, and methyl iodide, CH3-nDnI, (n = 0, 1, 2, 3) to determine the orientation of the partially deuterated methyl group in the solid phase. The mono-deuterated modifications favor the symmetric conformation, whereas the di-deuterated ones favor the asymmetric conformation. Infrared spectroscopy demonstrates that some vibrational modes change in intensity depending on temperature, which supports the energy scheme obtained by calorimetry. Zero-point kinetic energies were obtained by single molecule density functional theory calculations. Although the favorable conformations of CH2DOH and CHD2OH were confirmed, the energy difference between symmetric and asymmetric conformations was twice as large as that determined experimentally, which indicates that intermolecular forces significantly decrease the energy difference. For CHD2OH, the conversion between the two asymmetric conformations becomes very slow at low temperature and results in a residual entropy of R ln 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hal Suzuki
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Akira Inaba
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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Thon R, Chin W, Chamma D, Galaup JP, Ouvrard A, Bourguignon B, Crépin C. Vibrational spectroscopy and dynamics of W(CO)6 in solid methane as a probe of lattice properties. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:214306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4968561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Thon
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO) UMR 8214, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Wutharath Chin
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO) UMR 8214, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Didier Chamma
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO) UMR 8214, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Galaup
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton UMR 9188, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Aimeric Ouvrard
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO) UMR 8214, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Bernard Bourguignon
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO) UMR 8214, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Claudine Crépin
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO) UMR 8214, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
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Abstract
The structure, bonding, and other properties of phases in the carbon-hydrogen system over a range of conditions are of considerable importance to a broad range of scientific problems. However, the phase diagram of the C-H system at high pressures and temperatures is still not known. To search for new low-energy hydrocarbon structures, we carried out systematic structure prediction calculations for the C-H system from 100 to 300 GPa. We confirmed several previously predicted structures but found additional compositions that adopt more stable structures. In particular, a C2H4 structure is found that has an indirect band gap, and phonon calculations confirm that it is dynamically stable over a broad pressure range. We also identify more carbon-rich structures that are energetically favorable. The results are important for understanding carbon-hydrogen interactions in high-pressure experiments, dense astrophysical environments and the deep carbon cycle in planetary interiors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Liu
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington , Washington, D.C. 20015, United States
| | - Ivan I Naumov
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington , Washington, D.C. 20015, United States
| | - Russell J Hemley
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington, D.C. 20052 United States
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore, California 94550 United States
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9
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Maynard-Casely HE. ‘Peaks in space’ – crystallography in planetary science: past impacts and future opportunities. CRYSTALLOGR REV 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/0889311x.2016.1242127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Savage M, da Silva I, Johnson M, Carter JH, Newby R, Suyetin M, Besley E, Manuel P, Rudić S, Fitch AN, Murray C, David WIF, Yang S, Schröder M. Observation of Binding and Rotation of Methane and Hydrogen within a Functional Metal-Organic Framework. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:9119-27. [PMID: 27410670 PMCID: PMC4965839 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The key requirement for a portable store of natural gas is to maximize the amount of gas within the smallest possible space. The packing of methane (CH4) in a given storage medium at the highest possible density is, therefore, a highly desirable but challenging target. We report a microporous hydroxyl-decorated material, MFM-300(In) (MFM = Manchester Framework Material, replacing the NOTT designation), which displays a high volumetric uptake of 202 v/v at 298 K and 35 bar for CH4 and 488 v/v at 77 K and 20 bar for H2. Direct observation and quantification of the location, binding, and rotational modes of adsorbed CH4 and H2 molecules within this host have been achieved, using neutron diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering experiments, coupled with density functional theory (DFT) modeling. These complementary techniques reveal a very efficient packing of H2 and CH4 molecules within MFM-300(In), reminiscent of the condensed gas in pure component crystalline solids. We also report here, for the first time, the experimental observation of a direct binding interaction between adsorbed CH4 molecules and the hydroxyl groups within the pore of a material. This is different from the arrangement found in CH4/water clathrates, the CH4 store of nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Savage
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Ivan da Silva
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joseph H Carter
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Newby
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Mikhail Suyetin
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Besley
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Pascal Manuel
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Svemir Rudić
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew N Fitch
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility , Grenoble 38043, France
| | - Claire Murray
- Diamond Light Source , Harwell Science Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - William I F David
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Sihai Yang
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Schröder
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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11
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Slipchenko MN, Hoshina H, Stolyarov D, Sartakov BG, Vilesov AF. Internal Rotation of Methane Molecules in Large Clusters. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:47-50. [PMID: 26653992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Methane is one of the very few substances that show rotation of individual molecules in the crystalline phase. Here we explore the evolution of the rotation spectrum of methane from single molecules to clusters containing up to about 4 × 10(3) molecules. The clusters were assembled in He droplets at T = 0.38 K and studied via infrared laser spectroscopy in the ν3 region of the methane molecules. Well-resolved rotational structure in the spectra was observed in clusters containing up to about 50 molecules. We have concluded that in distinction to the crystals molecular rotation in methane clusters is confined to the surface and is enabled by low coordination of the molecules. On the contrary the molecules in the cluster's interior are in amorphous state wherein the rotation is quenched. These results demonstrate that even at very low temperature the surface of the methane clusters remains fluxional due to quantum effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail N Slipchenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Hiromichi Hoshina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Daniil Stolyarov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Boris G Sartakov
- General Physics Institute, RAS , Vavilov str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey F Vilesov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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12
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Chen YP, Liu Y, Liu D, Bosch M, Zhou HC. Direct Measurement of Adsorbed Gas Redistribution in Metal–Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:2919-30. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5103579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dahuan Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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13
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Maynard-Casely HE, Lundegaard LF, Loa I, McMahon MI, Gregoryanz E, Nelmes RJ, Loveday JS. The crystal structure of methane B at 8 GPa--an α-Mn arrangement of molecules. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:234313. [PMID: 25527941 DOI: 10.1063/1.4903813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
From a combination of powder and single-crystal synchrotron x-ray diffraction data we have determined the carbon substructure of phase B of methane at a pressure of ∼8 GPa. We find this substructure to be cubic with space group I4¯3m and 58 molecules in the unit cell. The unit cell has a lattice parameter a = 11.911(1) Å at 8.3(2) GPa, which is a factor of √2 larger than had previously been proposed by Umemoto et al. [J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14, 10675 (2002)]. The substructure as now solved is not related to any close-packed arrangement, contrary to previous proposals. Surprisingly, the arrangement of the carbon atoms is isostructural with that of α-manganese at ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Maynard-Casely
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - L F Lundegaard
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - I Loa
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - M I McMahon
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - E Gregoryanz
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - R J Nelmes
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - J S Loveday
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
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14
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Khairy Y, Alvarez F, Arbe A, Colmenero J. Collective Features in Polyisobutylene. A Study of the Static and Dynamic Structure Factor by Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma401669y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Khairy
- Centro
de Física de Materiales (CSIC−UPV/EHU), Materials Physics Center (MPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - F. Alvarez
- Centro
de Física de Materiales (CSIC−UPV/EHU), Materials Physics Center (MPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - A. Arbe
- Centro
de Física de Materiales (CSIC−UPV/EHU), Materials Physics Center (MPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - J. Colmenero
- Centro
de Física de Materiales (CSIC−UPV/EHU), Materials Physics Center (MPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
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15
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Schmidt MU, Glinnemann J. Explanation for the stacking disorder in tris(bicyclo[2.1.1]hexeno)benzene using lattice-energy minimisations. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2012. [DOI: 10.1524/zkri.2012.1523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The stacking disorder in the hexagonal polymorph of tris(bicyclo[2.1.1]hexeno)benzene, C18H18, is explained by lattice-energy minimisations. The compound crystallises in layers with P(-6)2m layer-group symmetry. Each layer can be placed in one of three possible positions. Possible stacking sequences were derived from order-disorder (OD) theory and by a combinatorial approach. The resulting periodic model structures were optimised by lattice-energy minimisations. The calculations show that eclipsed arrangements of layers (sequence e.g. ABA) are energetically less favourable than non-eclipsed ones (sequence e.g. ABC). The reason was found in the deviation from P(-6)2m symmetry. Molecules in eclipsed layers are almost parallel to the layer plane, whereas molecules in non-eclipsed layers are inclined to it by about 3° leading to a more efficient packing. The influence of the next-nearest layers was found to be not a direct one, but mediated by the distortion of the layers between them. Using Boltzmann statistics, the stacking probabilities for all four-layer sequences were calculated. The results match well with the probabilities derived from the diffuse scattering by Bürgi et al. (2005) (Z. Kristallogr. 220, 1066–1075). The lattice-energy minimisations allowed to determine the actual local structures in all individual layers including packing effects like rotation of molecules, lateral shifts, and to calculate the stacking layer thickness, depending on the actual layer sequences.
The diffraction pattern, calculated from a lattice-energy optimised structure with 54 layers, is similar to the experimental one, and even approximates the diffuse scattering.
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Press W, Krasnow I, Zamponi M, Prager M. Rotational tunneling in CH4 II: disorder effects. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:224509. [PMID: 22168705 DOI: 10.1063/1.3664726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transitions within the tunneling multiplet of CH(4) in phase II have been measured in an experiment at the backscattering instrument BASIS of the Neutron Source SNS. They all involve transitions from or to T-states. A statistical model is put forward which accounts for local departures from tetrahedral symmetry at the sites of ordered molecules. Different from previous work, in which discrete sets of overlap matrix elements have been studied, now large numbers of elements as well as the ensemble of T-states are considered. The observed neutron spectra can be explained rather well, all based on the pocket state formalism of A. Hüller [Phys. Rev. B 16, 1844 (1977)]. A completely new result is the observation and simulation of transitions between T-states, which give rise to a double peaked feature close to the elastic position and which reflect the disorder in the system. CH(2)D(2) molecules in the CH(4) matrix are largely responsible for the disorder and an interesting topic for their own sake. The simple model presented may lend itself to a broader application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Press
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany.
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17
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Gao G, Oganov AR, Ma Y, Wang H, Li P, Li Y, Iitaka T, Zou G. Dissociation of methane under high pressure. J Chem Phys 2011; 133:144508. [PMID: 20950018 DOI: 10.1063/1.3488102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Methane is an extremely important energy source with a great abundance in nature and plays a significant role in planetary physics, being one of the major constituents of giant planets Uranus and Neptune. The stable crystal forms of methane under extreme conditions are of great fundamental interest. Using the ab initio evolutionary algorithm for crystal structure prediction, we found three novel insulating molecular structures with P2(1)2(1)2(1), Pnma, and Cmcm space groups. Remarkably, under high pressure, methane becomes unstable and dissociates into ethane (C(2)H(6)) at 95 GPa, butane (C(4)H(10)) at 158 GPa, and further, carbon (diamond) and hydrogen above 287 GPa at zero temperature. We have computed the pressure-temperature phase diagram, which sheds light into the seemingly conflicting observations of the unusually low formation pressure of diamond at high temperature and the failure of experimental observation of dissociation at room temperature. Our results support the idea of diamond formation in the interiors of giant planets such as Neptune.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoying Gao
- State Key Lab of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Maynard-Casely HE, Bull CL, Guthrie M, Loa I, McMahon MI, Gregoryanz E, Nelmes RJ, Loveday JS. The distorted close-packed crystal structure of methane A. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:064504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3455889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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19
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Li Y, Lu D, Nguyen HV, Galli G. van der Waals Interactions in Molecular Assemblies from First-Principles Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2009; 114:1944-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9095425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Deyu Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Huy-Viet Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Giulia Galli
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616
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20
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Hirai H, Konagai K, Kawamura T, Yamamoto Y, Yagi T. Solid methane behaviours under high pressure at room temperature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/121/10/102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Hüller A, Prager M, Press W, Seydel T. Phase III of solid methane: The orientational potential and rotational tunneling. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:034503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2822293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Dove M, Pawley G, Dolling G, Powell B. Collective excitations in an orientationally frustrated solid; neutron scattering and computer simulation studies of SF6. Mol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00268978600100621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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23
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24
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Signorell R, Jetzki M. Phase behavior of methane haze. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:013401. [PMID: 17358473 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.013401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Methane aerosols play a fundamental role in the atmospheres of Neptune, Uranus, and Saturn's moon Titan as borne out by the recent Cassini-Huygens mission. Here we present the first study of the phase behavior of free methane aerosol particles combining collisional cooling with rapid-scan infrared spectroscopy in situ. We find fast (within minutes) phase transitions to crystalline states directly after particle formation and characteristic surface effects for nanometer-sized particles. From our results, we conclude that in atmospheric clouds solid methane particles are crystalline.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Signorell
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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25
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Schröder-Heber A, Asmussen B, Press W, Blank H, Gies H. Dynamical behaviour of methane in a clathrasil (dodecasil 3C) studied by quasi-elastic neutron scattering. Mol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979400100624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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26
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Genix AC, Arbe A, Alvarez F, Colmenero J, Schweika W, Richter D. Local Structure of Syndiotactic Poly(methyl methacrylate). A Combined Study by Neutron Diffraction with Polarization Analysis and Atomistic Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma060370t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.-C. Genix
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; Unidad Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain; Departamento de Física de Materiales (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain; and Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. Arbe
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; Unidad Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain; Departamento de Física de Materiales (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain; and Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - F. Alvarez
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; Unidad Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain; Departamento de Física de Materiales (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain; and Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J. Colmenero
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; Unidad Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain; Departamento de Física de Materiales (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain; and Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - W. Schweika
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; Unidad Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain; Departamento de Física de Materiales (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain; and Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - D. Richter
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; Unidad Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain; Departamento de Física de Materiales (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain; and Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
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27
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El-Sheikh SM, Barakat K, Salem NM. Phase transitions of methane using molecular dynamics simulations. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:124517. [PMID: 16599707 DOI: 10.1063/1.2179422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a short ranged Lennard-Jones interaction and a long ranged electrostatic potential, CH4 under high pressure was modeled. Molecular dynamics simulations on small clusters (108 and 256 molecules) were used to explore the phase diagram. Regarding phase transitions at different temperatures, our numerical findings are consistent with experimental results to a great degree. In addition, the hysteresis effect is displayed in our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M El-Sheikh
- Department of Physics, American University in Cairo, Egypt 11511.
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28
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29
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Zinenko VI, Zamkova NG. Microscopic calculations of displacive (Elpasolite family) and order-disorder (Potassium selenate family) structural phase transitions. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2004. [DOI: 10.1134/1.1643961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Prager M, Grimm H, Desmedt A, Lechner R. Methyl rotational potentials of trimethyl metal compounds studied by inelastic and quasielastic neutron scattering. Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(03)00207-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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31
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Neumann MA, Press W, Nöldeke C, Asmussen B, Prager M, Ibberson RM. The crystal structure of methane phase III. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1580809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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32
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Prager M, Press W, Asmussen B, Combet J. Phase III of methane: Crystal structure and rotational tunneling. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1503336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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33
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34
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Laforge C, Passerone D, Harris AB, Lambin P, Tosatti E. Two-stage rotational disordering of a molecular crystal surface: C60. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:085503. [PMID: 11497956 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.085503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We propose a two-stage mechanism for the rotational surface disordering phase transition of a molecular crystal, as realized in C60 fullerite. Our study, based on Monte Carlo simulations, uncovers the existence of a new intermediate regime, between a low-temperature ordered (2x2) state, and a high-temperature (1x1) disordered phase. In the intermediate regime there is partial disorder, strongest for a subset of particularly frustrated surface molecules. These concepts and calculations provide a coherent understanding of experimental observations, with possible extension to other molecular crystal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Laforge
- Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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35
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Gutt C, Press W, Hüller A, Tse JS, Casalta H. The isotope effect and orientational potentials of methane molecules in gas hydrates. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1344922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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36
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Stirling WG, Press W, Stiller HH. Phonons and librational excitations in solid CD4I and CD4II. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/10/20/005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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37
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Coulon G, Descamps M. Neutron diffuse scattering in the disordered phase of CBr4. II. Theoretical evidence of steric hindrance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/13/15/009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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38
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39
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Grieger S, Friedrich H, Guckelsberger K, Scherm R, Press W. The total neutron scattering cross section of solid methane in phase II. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.476907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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40
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Castro MA, Clarke SM, Inaba A, Thomas RK. Solid Monolayers Adsorbed at the Solid−Liquid Interface Studied by Incoherent Elastic Neutron Scattering. J Phys Chem B 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9713221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Castro
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Avda. Americo Vespucio, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Akira Inaba
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan
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41
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Crépin C, Tramer A. Vibrational structure in atomic emission spectra: Hg atoms in molecular matrices. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.474600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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42
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Davis KA, Ewing GE. Orientation and tunneling in monolayer methane: CHD[sub 3] physisorbed onto NaCl(100). J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.475070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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43
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Isotope effects in the photochemical formation of HHgCH3 and DHgCD3 in nitrogen and methane matrices. Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(96)00190-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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44
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Lachet V, Boutin A, Pellenq RJM, Nicholson D, Fuchs AH. Molecular Simulation Study of the Structural Rearrangement of Methane Adsorbed in Aluminophosphate AlPO4-5. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp953393a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Lachet
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique des Matériaux Amorphes (URA 1104 CNRS), Bâtiment 490, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Anne Boutin
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique des Matériaux Amorphes (URA 1104 CNRS), Bâtiment 490, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Roland J.-M. Pellenq
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique des Matériaux Amorphes (URA 1104 CNRS), Bâtiment 490, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - David Nicholson
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique des Matériaux Amorphes (URA 1104 CNRS), Bâtiment 490, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Alain H. Fuchs
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique des Matériaux Amorphes (URA 1104 CNRS), Bâtiment 490, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
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45
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El-Sheikh S. A phase transition for solid methane. Chem Phys Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(95)01204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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46
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Asmussen B, Balszunat D, Prager M, Press W, Carlile CJ, Büttner H. Rotational excitations of a symmetric top in cubic orientational potentials: CH3D matrix‐isolated in argon and krypton. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.470719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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47
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Bini R, Ulivi L, Jodl HJ, Salvi PR. High pressure crystal phases of solid CH4 probed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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48
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Muñoz A, Criado A. A molecular dynamics interpretation of the inelastic neutron spectra in the plastic phase of hexachloroethane. Mol Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979500100841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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49
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Böhmer R, Giebenhain U, Loidl A. Dielectric study of partially isotope-substituted solid and liquid hydrogen and methane. Mol Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979400100394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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50
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