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Yuan T, Sarkisov L. How 2D Nanoflakes Improve Transport in Mixed Matrix Membranes: Insights from a Simple Lattice Model and Dynamic Mean Field Theory. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:8184-8195. [PMID: 38308600 PMCID: PMC10875652 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), incorporating graphene and graphene oxide structural fragments, have emerged as promising materials for challenging gas separation processes. What remains unclear is the actual molecular mechanism responsible for the enhanced permeability and perm-selectivity of these materials. With the fully atomistic models still unable to handle the required time and length scales, here, we employ a simple qualitative model based on the lattice representation of the physical system and dynamic mean field theory. We demonstrate that the performance enhancement results from the flux-regularization impact of the 2D nanoflakes and that this effect sensitively depends on the orientation of the nanoflakes and the properties of the interface between the nanoflakes and the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmu Yuan
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
Engineering Building A, The University of
Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Lev Sarkisov
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
Engineering Building A, The University of
Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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2
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Yuan T, Sarkisov L. Lattice Model of Fluid Transport in Mixed Matrix Membranes. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202200159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianmu Yuan
- Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Manchester Manchester M1 3AL UK
| | - Lev Sarkisov
- Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Manchester Manchester M1 3AL UK
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3
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Kikkinides ES, Gkogkos G, Monson PA, Valiullin R. Connecting dynamic pore filling mechanisms with equilibrium and out of equilibrium configurations of fluids in nanopores. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:134702. [PMID: 35395874 DOI: 10.1063/5.0087249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, using dynamic mean field theory complemented by grand canonical molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the extent to which the density distributions encountered during the dynamics of capillary condensation are related to those distributions at equilibrium or metastable equilibrium in a system at fixed average density (canonical ensemble). We find that the states encountered can be categorized as out of equilibrium or quasi-equilibrium based on the magnitude of the driving force for mass transfer. More specifically, in open-ended slit pores, pore filling via double bridging is an out of equilibrium process, induced by the dynamics of the system, while pore filling by single bridge formation is connected to a series of configurations that are equilibrium configurations in the canonical ensemble and that cannot be observed experimentally by a standard adsorption process, corresponding to the grand canonical ensemble. Likewise, in closed cap slits, the formation of a liquid bridge near the pore opening and its subsequent growth while the initially detached meniscus from the capped end remains immobilized are out of equilibrium processes that occur at large driving forces. On the other hand, at small driving forces, there is a continuous acceleration of the detached meniscus from the capped end, which is associated with complete reversibility in the limit of an infinitesimally small driving force.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Kikkinides
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - G Gkogkos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P A Monson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, USA
| | - R Valiullin
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Sciences, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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4
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Yuan T, Farmahini AH, Sarkisov L. Application of the dynamic mean field theory to fluid transport in slit pores. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:074702. [PMID: 34418941 DOI: 10.1063/5.0060776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We explore the applicability of the lattice model and dynamic mean field theory as a computationally efficient tool to study transport across heterogeneous porous media, such as mixed matrix membranes. As a starting point and to establish some basic definitions of properties analogous to those in the off-lattice systems, we consider transport across simple models of porous materials represented by a slit pore in a chemical potential gradient. Using this simple model, we investigate the distribution of density and flux under steady state conditions, define the permeability across the system, and explore how this property depends on the length of the pore and the solid-fluid interactions. Among other effects, we observe that the flux in the system goes through a maximum as the solid-fluid interaction is varied from weak to strong. This effect is dominated by the behavior of the fluid near the walls and is also confirmed by off-lattice molecular dynamics simulations. We further extend this study to explore transport across heterogeneous slit pore channels composed of two solids with different values of solid-fluid interaction strengths. We demonstrate that the lattice models and dynamic mean field theory provide a useful framework to pose questions on the accuracy and applicability of the classical theories of transport across heterogeneous porous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmu Yuan
- The Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Amir H Farmahini
- The Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Lev Sarkisov
- The Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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Rathi A, Kikkinides ES, Ford DM, Monson PA. Nonequilibrium Steady States in Fluid Transport through Mesopores: Dynamic Mean Field Theory and Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5702-5710. [PMID: 30920224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a dynamic mean field theory (DMFT) and nonequilibrium dual control volume grand canonical molecular dynamics (GCMD) simulation study of steady-state fluid transport in slit-shaped mesopores under an applied chemical potential gradient. The main focus is on states where the bulk conditions on one side of the pore would lead to a capillary condensed state in the pore at equilibrium while those on the other side would lead to a vapor state in the pore. This choice of conditions is motivated by certain separation applications in which condensable vapors permeate through mesoporous membranes. Under these circumstances, we have found partially filled states with a liquid-like state at the high chemical potential end of the pore and a vapor-like state at the low chemical potential end. This phenomenon is accompanied by hysteresis. The existence of partially filled states has been hypothesized in previous work but the present paper reveals them as an emergent feature of the systems. We find that predictions of DMFT are in good qualitative agreement with the overall GCMD results. However, the GCMD results demonstrate that the transport is faster through the partially filled pore than through the unfilled pore, a feature not captured by DMFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rathi
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003-9303 , United States
| | - E S Kikkinides
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , University Campus , 54124 Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - D M Ford
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Arkansas , Fayetteville , Arkansas 72701-1201 , United States
| | - P A Monson
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003-9303 , United States
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7
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Cao F, Meng L, Wang M, Tian W, Li L. Gradient Energy Band Driven High-Performance Self-Powered Perovskite/CdS Photodetector. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806725. [PMID: 30697825 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Self-powered photodetectors are highly desired to meet the great demand in applications of sensing, communication, and imaging. Manipulating the carrier separation and recombination is critical to achieve high performance. In this paper, a self-powered photodetector based on the integrated gradient O-doped CdS nanorod array and perovskite is presented. Through optimizing the degree of continuous built-in band bending in the gradient-O CdS, the photodetector demonstrates a remarkable detectivity of 2.1 × 1013 Jones. Under the self-powered voltage mode, the responsivity can be as high as 0.48 A W-1 , and the rise and decay time are 0.54/2.21 ms. The comprehensive performance is comparable and even better than reported perovskite and other types of self-powered photodetectors. The improved mechanism reveals that the gradient band bending promotes the photogenerated carrier transfer and hinders the recombination at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengren Cao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Linxing Meng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
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Rathi A, Kikkinides ES, Ford DM, Monson PA. A comparison of dynamic mean field theory and grand canonical molecular dynamics for the dynamics of pore filling and capillary condensation of fluids in mesopores. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:014703. [PMID: 29981543 DOI: 10.1063/1.5026414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We use results from grand canonical molecular dynamics (GCMD) to test the predictions from dynamic mean field theory (DMFT) for the pore filling and capillary condensation mechanisms of a fluid confined in slit shaped mesopores. The theory predicts that capillary condensation occurs by a nucleation process in which a liquid bridge forms between the two walls, and the pore is filled via the growth of this bridge. For longer pores, multiple bridging is seen. These mechanisms are confirmed by the molecular dynamics simulations. The primary difference between the theory and simulations lies in the role of fluctuations. DMFT predicts a single nucleation time and location, while in GCMD (and in nature) a distribution of nucleation times and locations is seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rathi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, USA
| | - E S Kikkinides
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - D M Ford
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, USA
| | - P A Monson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, USA
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9
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Weber PS, Bothe D. Applicability of the linearized theory of the Maxwell-Stefan equations. AIChE J 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul S. Weber
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Graduate School CE; Dolivostraße 15 64293 Darmstadt
| | - Dieter Bothe
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Dept. of Mathematics and Center of Smart Interfaces; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 10 64287 Darmstadt Germany
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10
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Enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of {001}TiO2/{001}SrTiO3 epitaxial heterostructures. J Solid State Electrochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-015-2995-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Yu T, Hu WL, Jia L, Tan X, Huang J, Huang X. Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance of Coaxial-Nanocoupled Strontium-Rich SrTiO3/TiO2 {001} Nanotube Arrays. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Wen-li Hu
- China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Company, Ltd., Xian 710043, China
| | | | - Xin Tan
- School
of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Juanru Huang
- Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- School
of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
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12
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Rathi A, Edison JR, Ford DM, Monson PA. Modeling permporometry of mesoporous membranes using dynamic mean field theory. AIChE J 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Rathi
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; University of Massachusetts; Amherst MA 01003-9303
| | - John R. Edison
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; University of Massachusetts; Amherst MA 01003-9303
| | - David M. Ford
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; University of Massachusetts; Amherst MA 01003-9303
| | - Peter A. Monson
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; University of Massachusetts; Amherst MA 01003-9303
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13
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Kikkinides ES, Monson PA. Dynamic density functional theory with hydrodynamic interactions: Theoretical development and application in the study of phase separation in gas-liquid systems. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:094706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4913636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. S. Kikkinides
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 50100 Kozani, Greece and Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute (CPERI), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), 57001 Thermi-Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P. A. Monson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 159 Goessmann Laboratory, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, USA
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14
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Casselman JA, Desouza A, Monson PA. Modelling the dynamics of condensation and evaporation of fluids in three-dimensional slit pores. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1009954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Schneider D, Valiullin R, Monson PA. Modeling the influence of side stream and ink bottle structures on adsorption/desorption dynamics of fluids in long pores. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:188-198. [PMID: 25486536 DOI: 10.1021/la503482j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We apply dynamic mean field theory to study relaxation dynamics for lattice models of fluids confined in linear pores with side streams and with ink bottle structures. Our results show several mechanisms for how the pore structure affects the dynamics, and these are amplified in longer pores. An important conclusion of this work is that features such as side streams and ink bottle segments can substantially slow the equilibration of fluids confined in long pore systems where the pore lengths can be more than 100 micrometers, such as in porous silicon. This may make it difficult to properly equilibrate these systems for states close to those where the pores should be completely filled with liquids. The presence of trapped bubbles in the system may change the desorption characteristics of the system and the shape of the hysteresis loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schneider
- Institute of Experimental Physics I, University of Leipzig , 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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16
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Edison JR, Monson PA. Dynamic mean field theory for lattice gas models of fluids confined in porous materials: Higher order theory based on the Bethe-Peierls and path probability method approximations. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:024706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4884456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John R. Edison
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, USA
| | - Peter A. Monson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, USA
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17
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Fabrication of heterostructured SrTiO3/TiO2 nanotube array films and their use in photocathodic protection of stainless steel. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.12.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Schneider D, Valiullin R, Monson PA. Filling dynamics of closed end nanocapillaries. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:1290-1294. [PMID: 24432852 DOI: 10.1021/la404456e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the filling dynamics of model capillaries using dynamic mean field theory for a confined lattice gas and Kawasaki dynamics simulations. We have found two different scenarios for filling of capped nanocapillaries from the vapor phase. As compared to channels with macroscopic width, in which the filling process occurs by the detachment of the meniscus from the cap, in mesoscopic channels there is an alternative mechanism associated with the spontaneous condensation of the liquid close to the pore opening and its subsequent growth toward the closed pore end. We show that these two scenarios have totally different filling dynamics, providing an additional mechanism for slow capillary condensation kinetics in nanoscopic objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schneider
- Institute of Experimental Physics I, University of Leipzig , 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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19
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Edison JR, Monson PA. Dynamic mean field theory for lattice gas models of fluid mixtures confined in mesoporous materials. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:13808-13820. [PMID: 24102541 DOI: 10.1021/la4030537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present the extension of dynamic mean field theory (DMFT) for fluids in porous materials (Monson, P. A. J. Chem. Phys. 2008, 128, 084701) to the case of mixtures. The theory can be used to describe the relaxation processes in the approach to equilibrium or metastable equilibrium states for fluids in pores after a change in the bulk pressure or composition. It is especially useful for studying systems where there are capillary condensation or evaporation transitions. Nucleation processes associated with these transitions are emergent features of the theory and can be visualized via the time dependence of the density distribution and composition distribution in the system. For mixtures an important component of the dynamics is relaxation of the composition distribution in the system, especially in the neighborhood of vapor-liquid interfaces. We consider two different types of mixtures, modeling hydrocarbon adsorption in carbon-like slit pores. We first present results on bulk phase equilibria of the mixtures and then the equilibrium (stable/metastable) behavior of these mixtures in a finite slit pore and an inkbottle pore. We then use DMFT to describe the evolution of the density and composition in the pore in the approach to equilibrium after changing the state of the bulk fluid via composition or pressure changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Edison
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts , 159 Goessmann Laboratory, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Edison JR, Monson PA. Dynamics of capillary condensation in lattice gas models of confined fluids: A comparison of dynamic mean field theory with dynamic Monte Carlo simulations. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:234709. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4811111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Chan TC, Tang WK. Diffusion of aromatic compounds in nonaqueous solvents: A study of solute, solvent, and temperature dependences. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:224503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4808216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Abstract
The origin of surface nanobubbles stability is a controversial topic since nanobubbles were first observed. Here, we propose a mechanism that the three-phase contact line pinning, which results from the intrinsic nanoscale physical roughness or chemical heterogeneities of substrates, leads to stable surface nanobubbles. Using the constrained lattice density functional theory (LDFT) and kinetic LDFT, we prove thermodynamically and dynamically that the state with nanobubbles is in fact a thermodynamical metastable state. The mechanism consistent with the classical nucleation theory can interpret most of experimental characteristics for nanobubbles qualitatively, and predict relationships among the gas-side nanobubble contact angle, nanobubble size, and chemical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Liu
- Division of Molecular and Materials Simulation, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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23
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Leoni F, Kierlik E, Rosinberg ML, Tarjus G. Spontaneous imbibition in disordered porous solids: a theoretical study of helium in silica aerogels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:8160-8170. [PMID: 21657217 DOI: 10.1021/la201146h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical study of spontaneous imbibition of liquid (4)He in silica aerogels focusing on the effect of porosity on the fluid dynamical behavior. We adopt a coarse-grained three-dimensional lattice-gas description like in previous studies of gas adsorption and capillary condensation and use a dynamical mean-field theory, assuming that capillary disorder predominates over permeability disorder as in recent phase-field models of spontaneous imbibition. Our results reveal a remarkable connection between imbibition and adsorption as also suggested by recent experiments. The imbibition front is always preceded by a precursor film, and the classical Lucas-Washburn √t scaling law is generally recovered, although some deviations may exist at large porosity. Moreover, the interface roughening is modified by wetting and confinement effects. Our results suggest that the interpretation of the recent experiments should be revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Leoni
- GIT-SPEC, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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24
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Kierlik E, Leoni F, Rosinberg M, Tarjus G. Spontaneous imbibition in a slit pore: a lattice–gas dynamic mean field study. Mol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2011.552443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Whitman JR, Aranovich GL, Donohue MD. Thermodynamic driving force for diffusion: Comparison between theory and simulation. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:094303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3558782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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26
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Modelling relaxation processes for fluids in porous materials using dynamic mean field theory: application to pore networks. ADSORPTION 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10450-011-9321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Monson P. Fluids Confined in Porous Materials: Towards a Unified Understanding of Thermodynamics and Dynamics. CHEM-ING-TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201000181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Edison JR, Monson PA. Dynamic mean field theory of condensation and evaporation processes for fluids in porous materials: Application to partial drying and drying. Faraday Discuss 2010; 146:167-84; discussion 195-215, 395-403. [DOI: 10.1039/b925672e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Monson PA. Mean field kinetic theory for a lattice gas model of fluids confined in porous materials. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:084701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2837287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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Aranovich GL, Donohue MD. Limitations and generalizations of the classical phenomenological model for diffusion in fluids. Mol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970701348758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Grajek H. Rediscovering the problem of interpretation of chromatographically determined enthalpy and entropy of adsorption of different adsorbates on carbon materials. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1145:1-50. [PMID: 17307187 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2006] [Revised: 11/30/2006] [Accepted: 12/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Adsorbate-adsorbent and adsorbate-adsorbate interactions having decisive influence on the distribution of adsorbate between gas-solid phases in inverse gas chromatography (IGC) have been thermodynamically explained. Specific retention volumes, second adsorption virial coefficients and Kováts retention indices, likewise their dependencies on column temperature, T, number of carbon atoms, n(C) (or methylene groups CH(2)) and mutual ones have been briefly presented. The results of the molar differential enthalpy and entropy of adsorption obtained for different carbon materials employing inverse gas chromatography have been collected and interpreted. An attempt has been made to elucidate abnormal behaviour of the specific and net retention volumes, the second adsorption virial coefficients and the Kováts retention indices, e.g., the magnitudes on which the values of the afore-mentioned thermodynamic values have been determined and compared. The detailed analysis of the errors associated with the experimental parameters necessary for calculating retention volumes, second adsorption virial coefficients and Kováts retention indices has been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henryk Grajek
- Military Technical Academy, Department of Advanced Technology and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Kaliski st. 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland.
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Pawar AB, Kretzschmar I, Aranovich G, Donohue MD. Self-Assembly of T-Structures in Molecular Fluids. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:2081-9. [PMID: 17284064 DOI: 10.1021/jp0646372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A lattice density functional approach is used to describe the equilibrium assembly of three types of anisotropic patchy particles into a T-structure. The T-structure is comprised of one three-patch, three two-patch, and three one-patch particles. All patches are positioned orthogonal to each other. Temperature, particle concentration, and interaction energy ranges are determined that lead to T-structure formation. T-structure formation is investigated for two types of two-patch particles: Case 1 uses two identical patches and Case 2 employs two differing patches. Sets of parameters leading to T-structure assembly are determined for both cases. We find that in Case 1 the symmetric two-patch particle enforces T-structure formation, while the asymmetric two-patch particle in Case 2 leads to formation of chains, dimers, and incorrect and extended T-structures in addition to the T-structure. Synthetic strategies for both cases are discussed and reveal that Case 2 presents the more straightforward synthetic route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar B Pawar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, City College of New York, 140th Street & Convent Avenue, New York City, New York 10031, USA
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Matuszak D, Aranovich GL, Donohue MD. Single-Component Permeation Maximum with Respect to Temperature: A Lattice Density Functional Theory Study. Ind Eng Chem Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ie051039l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Matuszak
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Gregory L. Aranovich
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Marc D. Donohue
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
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Matuszak D, Aranovich GL, Donohue MD. Modeling fluid diffusion using the lattice density functional theory approach: counterdiffusion in an external field. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:1663-74. [PMID: 16633650 DOI: 10.1039/b516036g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dependence of the diffusivity on temperature, pressure, and composition is not understood well; consequently, data is preferred significantly over correlations in most practical situations. Even in dilute gases, the contributions of attractions and repulsions to the diffusivity are difficult to understand on a molecular level without performing simulations. We have developed a Lattice Density Functional Theory (LDFT) approach for modeling diffusion to supplement existing methods that are very rigorous but computationally demanding. The LDFT approach is analogous to the van der Waals equation in how it accounts for molecular interactions in that it has first-order corrections to ideal behavior; it is an extension of the Equilibrium LDFT for adsorption and phase behavior. In this work, the LDFT approach is presented and demonstrated by modeling the problem of color counterdiffusion in an externally-applied potential field. This potential field, in combination with the intermolecular potential function, creates a diffusion regime in which repulsions cause oscillations in the density profile. Using the LDFT approach, the oscillations were described and attributed to nearest-neighbor and next nearest-neighbor interactions. The LDFT approach gives qualitative and quantitative agreement with dual control-volume Grand Canonical Molecular Dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Matuszak
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Abstract
A new approach to molecular diffusion is developed using density functionals for fluxes and the Metropolis algorithm in the mass balance equation. This procedure results in a new equation for diffusion of interacting particles which has multiple solutions and gives density distributions for coexisting and metastable phases. It is shown that the diffusion of interacting molecules is driven by two variables: the density gradient of molecules and the density of molecule-vacancy pairs ("pseudoparticles").
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Aranovich
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Matuszak D, Gaddy GD, Aranovich GL, Donohue MD. Cosorption effect in gas chromatography: flow fluctuations caused by adsorbing carrier gases. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1063:171-80. [PMID: 15700469 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adsorbing carrier gases have a number of advantages in analytical and preparative gas chromatography, such as clearer detector signals and higher column efficiencies. This work shows that adsorbing carrier gases also may be useful because they cause the mobile phase flow rate to become unsteady after injecting a small amount of sample. This work shows that a 100 microL sample of helium can liberate enough carbon dioxide carrier gas from a zeolite 5A packed column at 373 K, that the departure from the steady-state flow rate had an upper lobe area of 586 microL of carrier gas. This was confirmed by coupling a modified Langmuir kinetic model with the Ergun equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Matuszak
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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