1
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Iv M, Rahav S, Peskin U. Emergence of Boltzmann Subspaces in Open Quantum Systems Far from Equilibrium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:110401. [PMID: 38563930 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.110401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Single molecule junctions are important examples of complex out-of-equilibrium many-body quantum systems. We identify a nontrivial clustering of steady state populations into distinctive subspaces with Boltzmann-like statistics, which persist far from equilibrium. Such Boltzmann subspaces significantly reduce the information needed to describe the steady state, enabling modeling of high-dimensional systems that are otherwise beyond the reach of current computations. The emergence of Boltzmann subspaces is demonstrated analytically and numerically for fermionic transport systems of increasing complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Iv
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Saar Rahav
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Uri Peskin
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- The Helen Diller Quantum Center, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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2
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Gelin MF, Chen L, Domcke W. Equation-of-Motion Methods for the Calculation of Femtosecond Time-Resolved 4-Wave-Mixing and N-Wave-Mixing Signals. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17339-17396. [PMID: 36278801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond nonlinear spectroscopy is the main tool for the time-resolved detection of photophysical and photochemical processes. Since most systems of chemical interest are rather complex, theoretical support is indispensable for the extraction of the intrinsic system dynamics from the detected spectroscopic responses. There exist two alternative theoretical formalisms for the calculation of spectroscopic signals, the nonlinear response-function (NRF) approach and the spectroscopic equation-of-motion (EOM) approach. In the NRF formalism, the system-field interaction is assumed to be sufficiently weak and is treated in lowest-order perturbation theory for each laser pulse interacting with the sample. The conceptual alternative to the NRF method is the extraction of the spectroscopic signals from the solutions of quantum mechanical, semiclassical, or quasiclassical EOMs which govern the time evolution of the material system interacting with the radiation field of the laser pulses. The NRF formalism and its applications to a broad range of material systems and spectroscopic signals have been comprehensively reviewed in the literature. This article provides a detailed review of the suite of EOM methods, including applications to 4-wave-mixing and N-wave-mixing signals detected with weak or strong fields. Under certain circumstances, the spectroscopic EOM methods may be more efficient than the NRF method for the computation of various nonlinear spectroscopic signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim F Gelin
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching,Germany
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3
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Planella G, Cenni MFB, Acín A, Mehboudi M. Bath-Induced Correlations Enhance Thermometry Precision at Low Temperatures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:040502. [PMID: 35148153 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.040502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We study the role of bath-induced correlations in temperature estimation of cold bosonic baths. Our protocol includes multiple probes, that are not interacting, nor are they initially correlated to each other. They interact with a bosonic sample and reach a nonthermal steady state, which is measured to estimate the temperature of the sample. It is well known that in the steady state such noninteracting probes may get correlated to each other and even entangled. Nonetheless, the impact of these correlations in metrology has not been deeply investigated yet. Here, we examine their role for thermometry of cold bosonic gases and show that, although being classical, bath-induced correlations can lead to significant enhancement of precision for thermometry. The improvement is especially important at low temperatures, where attaining high precision thermometry is particularly demanding. The proposed thermometry scheme does not require any precise dynamical control of the probes and tuning the parameters and is robust to noise in initial preparation, as it is built upon the steady state generated by the natural dissipative dynamics of the system. Therefore, our results put forward new possibilities in thermometry at low temperatures, of relevance, for instance, in cold gases and Bose-Einstein condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guim Planella
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marina F B Cenni
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Antonio Acín
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohammad Mehboudi
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Département de Physique Appliquée, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
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4
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Brian D, Sun X. Generalized quantum master equation: A tutorial review and recent advances. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2109157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominikus Brian
- Division of Arts and Sciences, NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200122, China
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York 10003, USA
| | - Xiang Sun
- Division of Arts and Sciences, NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200122, China
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York 10003, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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5
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Díaz FR, Duan HG, Miller RJD, Thorwart M. Ultrafast Charge Transfer and Relaxation at a Donor-Acceptor Interface. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:8869-8875. [PMID: 34319718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The efficiency of charge separation in organic photovoltaic materials is crucially determined by the underlying dynamics of the charge transfer (CT) excitons and their dissociation into free electrons and holes. To unravel the main principles of the underlying mechanism on a molecular level, we construct a toy model of electronically coupled donors interacting with a manifold of CT exciton states. In particular, we set up a ladder of CT site energies to model the exciton dissociation. To mimic the complexity of the exciton dynamics at the donor-acceptor interface, the electronic CT manifold is designed to include two vibrational modes that are vibronically coupled to the excitons. We examine the impact of the electronic and vibrational coherences and the structure of the vibronic manifold on the transfer efficiency and charge recombination. Optimal configurations of the vibronic CT manifold are revealed. In particular, the rate of charge recombination can be minimized when the transient dynamics are carefully explored. Such a toy model can be used as a guide for the design of organic materials for efficient photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rodríguez Díaz
- Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Nanosystems Institute, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Av.ËIJ 25 de Mayo 1021, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hong-Guang Duan
- I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, Notkestraße 9, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R J Dwayne Miller
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3H6
| | - Michael Thorwart
- I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, Notkestraße 9, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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6
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Yan Y, Xu M, Li T, Shi Q. Efficient propagation of the hierarchical equations of motion using the Tucker and hierarchical Tucker tensors. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:194104. [PMID: 34240893 DOI: 10.1063/5.0050720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We develop new methods to efficiently propagate the hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) by using the Tucker and hierarchical Tucker (HT) tensors to represent the reduced density operator and auxiliary density operators. We first show that by employing the split operator method, the specific structure of the HEOM allows a simple propagation scheme using the Tucker tensor. When the number of effective modes in the HEOM increases and the Tucker representation becomes intractable, the split operator method is extended to the binary tree structure of the HT representation. It is found that to update the binary tree nodes related to a specific effective mode, we only need to propagate a short matrix product state constructed from these nodes. Numerical results show that by further employing the mode combination technique commonly used in the multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree approaches, the binary tree representation can be applied to study excitation energy transfer dynamics in a fairly large system including over 104 effective modes. The new methods may thus provide a promising tool in simulating quantum dynamics in condensed phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaming Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; and Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing 101407, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; and Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing 101407, China
| | - Tianchu Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; and Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing 101407, China
| | - Qiang Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; and Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing 101407, China
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7
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Wu W, Zhang ZZ. Controllable dynamics of a dissipative two-level system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7188. [PMID: 33785788 PMCID: PMC8010078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86553-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a strategy to modulate the decoherence dynamics of a two-level system, which interacts with a dissipative bosonic environment, by introducing an ancillary degree of freedom. It is revealed that the decay rate of the two-level system can be significantly suppressed under suitable steers of the assisted degree of freedom. Our result provides an alternative way to fight against decoherence and realize a controllable quantum dissipative dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Ze-Zhou Zhang
- Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
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8
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9
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Duan HG, Thorwart M, Miller RJD. Does electronic coherence enhance anticorrelated pigment vibrations under realistic conditions? J Chem Phys 2019; 151:114115. [PMID: 31542003 DOI: 10.1063/1.5119248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The light-harvesting efficiency of a photoactive molecular complex is largely determined by the properties of its electronic quantum states. Those, in turn, are influenced by molecular vibrational states of the nuclear degrees of freedom. Here, we reexamine two recently formulated concepts that a coherent vibronic coupling between molecular states would either extend the electronic coherence lifetime or enhance the amplitude of the anticorrelated vibrational mode at longer times. For this, we study a vibronically coupled dimer and calculate the nonlinear two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectra that directly reveal electronic coherence. The time scale of electronic coherence is initially extracted by measuring the antidiagonal bandwidth of the central peak in the 2D spectrum at zero waiting time. Based on the residual analysis, we identify small-amplitude long-lived oscillations in the cross-peaks, which, however, are solely due to groundstate vibrational coherence, regardless of having resonant or off-resonant conditions. Our studies neither show an enhancement of the electronic quantum coherence nor an enhancement of the anticorrelated vibrational mode by the vibronic coupling under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Guang Duan
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Thorwart
- I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, Jungiusstraße 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R J Dwayne Miller
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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10
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Green Synthesis for 3-(2-Benzoylhydrazono)-N-(pyridin-2-yl)butanamide Complexes: Spectral, Analytical, Modelling, MOE Docking and Biological Studies. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-019-01326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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11
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Jang SJ. Fourth order expressions for the electronic absorption lineshape of molecular excitons. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:044110. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5100986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seogjoo J. Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Boulevard, Queens, New York 11367, USA and Ph.D. Programs in Chemistry and Physics, and Initiative for Theoretical Sciences, Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA
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12
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Cui L, Zhang HD, Zheng X, Xu RX, Yan Y. Highly efficient and accurate sum-over-poles expansion of Fermi and Bose functions at near zero temperatures: Fano spectrum decomposition scheme. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:024110. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5096945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cui
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hou-Dao Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Rui-Xue Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - YiJing Yan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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13
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Rahman H, Kleinekathöfer U. Chebyshev hierarchical equations of motion for systems with arbitrary spectral densities and temperatures. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:244104. [PMID: 31255062 DOI: 10.1063/1.5100102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The time evolution in open quantum systems, such as a molecular aggregate in contact with a thermal bath, still poses a complex and challenging problem. The influence of the thermal noise can be treated using a plethora of schemes, several of which decompose the corresponding correlation functions in terms of weighted sums of exponential functions. One such scheme is based on the hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM), which is built using only certain forms of bath correlation functions. In the case where the environment is described by a complex spectral density or is at a very low temperature, approaches utilizing the exponential decomposition become very inefficient. Here, we utilize an alternative decomposition scheme for the bath correlation function based on Chebyshev polynomials and Bessel functions to derive a HEOM approach up to an arbitrary order in the environmental coupling. These hierarchical equations are similar in structure to the popular exponential HEOM scheme, but are formulated using the derivatives of the Bessel functions. The proposed scheme is tested up to the fourth order in perturbation theory for a two-level system and compared to benchmark calculations for the case of zero-temperature quantum Ohmic and super-Ohmic noise. Furthermore, the benefits and shortcomings of the present Chebyshev-based hierarchical equations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Rahman
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kleinekathöfer
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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14
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Hartmann R, Werther M, Grossmann F, Strunz WT. Exact open quantum system dynamics: Optimal frequency vs time representation of bath correlations. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:234105. [PMID: 31228905 DOI: 10.1063/1.5097158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Hartmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Str. 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Werther
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Str. 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Grossmann
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Walter T. Strunz
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
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15
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Duan HG, Nalbach P, Miller RJD, Thorwart M. Ultrafast Energy Transfer in Excitonically Coupled Molecules Induced by a Nonlocal Peierls Phonon. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1206-1211. [PMID: 30802058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Molecular vibration can influence exciton transfer via either a local (intramolecular) Holstein or a nonlocal (intermolecular) Peierls mode. We show that a strong vibronic coupling to a nonlocal mode dramatically speeds up the transfer by opening an additional transfer channel. This Peierls channel is rooted in the formation of a conical intersection of the excitonic potential energy surfaces. For increasing Peierls coupling, the electronically coherent transfer for weak coupling turns into an incoherent transfer of a localized exciton through the intersection for strong coupling. The interpretation in terms of a conical intersection intuitively explains recent experiments of ultrafast energy transfer in photosynthetic and photovoltaic molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Guang Duan
- I. Institut für Theoretische Physik , Universität Hamburg , Jungiusstraße 9 , 20355 Hamburg , Germany
- Max Planck-Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Peter Nalbach
- Westfälische Hochschule , Münsterstr. 265 , 46397 Bocholt , Germany
| | - R J Dwayne Miller
- Max Planck-Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
- The Departments of Chemistry and Physics , University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street , Toronto , Canada M5S 3H6
| | - Michael Thorwart
- I. Institut für Theoretische Physik , Universität Hamburg , Jungiusstraße 9 , 20355 Hamburg , Germany
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16
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Oh SA, Coker DF, Hutchinson DAW. Optimization of energy transport in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex via site-varying pigment-protein interactions. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:085102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5048058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Oh
- Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - D. F. Coker
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - D. A. W. Hutchinson
- Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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17
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Rahman H, Kleinekathöfer U. Non-equilibrium Green’s function transport theory for molecular junctions with general molecule-lead coupling and temperatures. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:234108. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5054312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Rahman
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kleinekathöfer
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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18
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Duan HG, Qi DL, Sun ZR, Miller RD, Thorwart M. Signature of the geometric phase in the wave packet dynamics on hypersurfaces. Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Jha A, Duan HG, Tiwari V, Thorwart M, Miller RJD. Origin of poor doping efficiency in solution processed organic semiconductors. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4468-4476. [PMID: 29896388 PMCID: PMC5956981 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00758f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Doping is an extremely important process where intentional insertion of impurities in semiconductors controls their electronic properties. In organic semiconductors, one of the convenient, but inefficient, ways of doping is the spin casting of a precursor mixture of components in solution, followed by solvent evaporation. Active control over this process holds the key to significant improvements over current poor doping efficiencies. Yet, an optimized control can only come from a detailed understanding of electronic interactions responsible for the low doping efficiencies. Here, we use two-dimensional nonlinear optical spectroscopy to examine these interactions in the course of the doping process by probing the solution mixture of doped organic semiconductors. A dopant accepts an electron from the semiconductor and the two ions form a duplex of interacting charges known as ion-pair complexes. Well-resolved off-diagonal peaks in the two-dimensional spectra clearly demonstrate the electronic connectivity among the ions in solution. This electronic interaction represents a well resolved electrostatically bound state, as opposed to a random distribution of ions. We developed a theoretical model to recover the experimental data, which reveals an unexpectedly strong electronic coupling of ∼250 cm-1 with an intermolecular distance of ∼4.5 Å between ions in solution, which is approximately the expected distance in processed films. The fact that this relationship persists from solution to the processed film gives direct evidence that Coulomb interactions are retained from the precursor solution to the processed films. This memory effect renders the charge carriers equally bound also in the film and, hence, results in poor doping efficiencies. This new insight will help pave the way towards rational tailoring of the electronic interactions to improve doping efficiencies in processed organic semiconductor thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Jha
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 , Hamburg , Germany .
| | - Hong-Guang Duan
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 , Hamburg , Germany . .,I. Institut für Theoretische Physik , Universität Hamburg , Jungiusstraße 9 , 20355 Hamburg , Germany.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Vandana Tiwari
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 , Hamburg , Germany . .,Department of Chemistry , University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King Platz 6 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Michael Thorwart
- I. Institut für Theoretische Physik , Universität Hamburg , Jungiusstraße 9 , 20355 Hamburg , Germany.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - R J Dwayne Miller
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 , Hamburg , Germany . .,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany.,The Departments of Chemistry and Physics , University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street , Toronto , Canada M5S 3H6
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20
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Shi Q, Xu Y, Yan Y, Xu M. Efficient propagation of the hierarchical equations of motion using the matrix product state method. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:174102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5026753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaming Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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21
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Introduction to Quantum Thermodynamics: History and Prospects. FUNDAMENTAL THEORIES OF PHYSICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99046-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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22
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Primary Charge Separation in the Photosystem II Reaction Center Revealed by a Global Analysis of the Two-dimensional Electronic Spectra. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12347. [PMID: 28955056 PMCID: PMC5617839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12564-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The transfer of electronic charge in the reaction center of Photosystem II is one of the key building blocks of the conversion of sunlight energy into chemical energy within the cascade of the photosynthetic reactions. Since the charge transfer dynamics is mixed with the energy transfer dynamics, an effective tool for the direct resolution of charge separation in the reaction center is still missing. Here, we use experimental two-dimensional optical photon echo spectroscopy in combination with the theoretical calculation to resolve its signature. A global fitting analysis allows us to clearly and directly identify a decay pathway associated to the primary charge separation. In particular, it can be distinguished from regular energy transfer and occurs on a time scale of 1.5 ps under ambient conditions. This technique provides a general tool to identify charge separation signatures from the energy transport in two-dimensional optical spectroscopy.
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23
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Mangaud E, Meier C, Desouter-Lecomte M. Analysis of the non-Markovianity for electron transfer reactions in an oligothiophene-fullerene heterojunction. Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Qi DL, Duan HG, Sun ZR, Miller RJD, Thorwart M. Tracking an electronic wave packet in the vicinity of a conical intersection. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:074101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4989462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Long Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Material Science, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, 200062 Shanghai, China
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hong-Guang Duan
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, Jungiusstraße 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zhen-Rong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Material Science, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, 200062 Shanghai, China
| | - R. J. Dwayne Miller
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- The Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Michael Thorwart
- I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, Jungiusstraße 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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25
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Markovich T, Blau SM, Parkhill J, Kreisbeck C, Sanders JN, Andrade X, Aspuru-Guzik A. Accelerating the computation of bath spectral densities with super-resolution. Theor Chem Acc 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-016-1954-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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26
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Popescu B, Rahman H, Kleinekathöfer U. Chebyshev Expansion Applied to Dissipative Quantum Systems. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:3270-7. [PMID: 26845380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To determine the dynamics of a molecular aggregate under the influence of a strongly time-dependent perturbation within a dissipative environment is still, in general, a challenge. The time-dependent perturbation might be, for example, due to external fields or explicitly treated fluctuations within the environment. Methods to calculate the dynamics in these cases do exist though some of these approaches assume that the corresponding correlation functions can be written as a weighted sum of exponentials. One such theory is the hierarchical equations of motion approach. If the environment, however, is described by a complex spectral density or if its temperature is low, these approaches become very inefficient. Therefore, we propose a scheme based on a Chebyshev decomposition of the bath correlation functions and detail the respective quantum master equations within second-order perturbation theory in the environmental coupling. Similar approaches have recently been proposed for systems coupled to Fermionic reservoirs. The proposed scheme is tested for a simple two-level system and compared to existing results. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of the present Chebyshev approach are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Popescu
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen , Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Hasan Rahman
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen , Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kleinekathöfer
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen , Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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27
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Firmino T, Mangaud E, Cailliez F, Devolder A, Mendive-Tapia D, Gatti F, Meier C, Desouter-Lecomte M, de la Lande A. Quantum effects in ultrafast electron transfers within cryptochromes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:21442-57. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02809h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cryptochromes and photolyases are flavoproteins that may undergo ultrafast charge separation upon electronic excitation of their flavin cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Firmino
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- CNRS
- Université Paris-Sud
- Université Paris Saclay
- Orsay F-91405
| | - Etienne Mangaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- CNRS
- Université Paris-Sud
- Université Paris Saclay
- Orsay F-91405
| | - Fabien Cailliez
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- CNRS
- Université Paris-Sud
- Université Paris Saclay
- Orsay F-91405
| | - Adrien Devolder
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- CNRS
- Université Paris-Sud
- Université Paris Saclay
- Orsay F-91405
| | | | - Fabien Gatti
- CTMM
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR 5253
- CNRS/Université de Montpellier
- France
| | - Christoph Meier
- Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité
- UMR 5589
- IRSAMC
- Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier
- Toulouse
| | | | - Aurélien de la Lande
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- CNRS
- Université Paris-Sud
- Université Paris Saclay
- Orsay F-91405
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28
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Li G, Govind N, Ratner MA, Cramer CJ, Gagliardi L. Influence of Coherent Tunneling and Incoherent Hopping on the Charge Transfer Mechanism in Linear Donor-Bridge-Acceptor Systems. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:4889-4897. [PMID: 26554424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of charge transfer has been observed to change from tunneling to hopping with increasing numbers of DNA base pairs in polynucleotides and with the length of molecular wires. The aim of this paper is to investigate this transition by examining the population dynamics using a tight-binding Hamiltonian with model parameters to describe a linear donor-bridge-acceptor (D-B-A) system. The model includes a primary vibration and an electron-vibration coupling at each site. A further coupling of the primary vibration with a secondary phonon bath allows the system to dissipate energy to the environment and reach a steady state. We apply the quantum master equation (QME) approach, based on second-order perturbation theory in a quantum dissipative system, to examine the dynamical processes involved in charge-transfer and follow the population transfer rate at the acceptor, ka, to shed light on the transition from tunneling to hopping. With a small tunneling parameter, V, the on-site population tends to localize and form polarons, and the hopping mechanism dominates the transfer process. With increasing V, the population tends to be delocalized and the tunneling mechanism dominates. The competition between incoherent hopping and coherent tunneling governs the mechanism of charge transfer. By varying V and the total number of sites, we also examine the onset of the transition from tunneling to hopping with increasing length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Mark A Ratner
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christopher J Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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29
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Mangaud E, de la Lande A, Meier C, Desouter-Lecomte M. Electron transfer within a reaction path model calibrated by constrained DFT calculations: application to mixed-valence organic compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:30889-903. [PMID: 26041466 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01194a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The quantum dynamics of electron transfer in mixed-valence organic compounds is investigated using a reaction path model calibrated by constrained density functional theory (cDFT). Constrained DFT is used to define diabatic states relevant for describing the electron transfer, to obtain equilibrium structures for each of these states and to estimate the electronic coupling between them. The harmonic analysis at the diabatic minima yields normal modes forming the dissipative bath coupled to the electronic states. In order to decrease the system-bath coupling, an effective one dimensional vibronic Hamiltonian is constructed by partitioning the modes into a linear reaction path which connects both equilibrium positions and a set of secondary vibrational modes, coupled to this reaction coordinate. Using this vibronic model Hamiltonian, dissipative quantum dynamics is carried out using Redfield theory, based on a spectral density which is determined from the cDFT results. In a first benchmark case, the model is applied to a series of mixed-valence organic compounds formed by two 1,4-dimethoxy-3-methylphenylene fragments linked by an increasing number of phenylene bridges. This allows us to examine the coherent electron transfer in extreme situations leading to a ground adiabatic state with or without a barrier and therefore to the trapping of the charge or to an easy delocalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mangaud
- Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, UMR 5589, IRSAMC, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Bât. 3R1b4, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France. and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 349, 15 avenue Jean Perrin, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A de la Lande
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 349, 15 avenue Jean Perrin, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - C Meier
- Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, UMR 5589, IRSAMC, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Bât. 3R1b4, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France.
| | - M Desouter-Lecomte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 349, 15 avenue Jean Perrin, F-91405 Orsay, France and Département de Chimie, Université de Liège, Sart Tilman, B6, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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30
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Duan HG, Stevens AL, Nalbach P, Thorwart M, Prokhorenko VI, Miller RJD. Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy of Light-Harvesting Complex II at Ambient Temperature: A Joint Experimental and Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:12017-27. [PMID: 26301382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b05592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have performed broad-band two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectroscopy of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) at ambient temperature. We found that electronic dephasing occurs within ∼60 fs and inhomogeneous broadening is approximately 120 cm(-1). A three-dimensional global fit analysis allows us to identify several time scales in the dynamics of the 2D spectra ranging from 100 fs to ∼10 ps and to uncover the energy-transfer pathways in LHCII. In particular, the energy transfer between the chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a pools occurs within ∼1.1 ps. Retrieved 2D decay-associated spectra also uncover the spectral positions of corresponding diagonal peaks in the 2D spectra. Residuals in the decay traces exhibit periodic modulations with different oscillation periods. However, only one of them can be associated with the excitonic cross-peaks in the 2D spectrum, while the remaining ones are presumably of vibrational origin. For the interpretation of the spectroscopic data, we have applied a refined exciton model for LHCII. It reproduces the linear absorption, circular dichroism, and 2D spectra at different waiting times. Several components of the energy transport are revealed from theoretical simulations that agree well with the experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Guang Duan
- I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg , Jungiusstraße 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Amy L Stevens
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Nalbach
- I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg , Jungiusstraße 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Thorwart
- I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg , Jungiusstraße 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Valentyn I Prokhorenko
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R J Dwayne Miller
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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31
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Chen HB, Lambert N, Cheng YC, Chen YN, Nori F. Using non-Markovian measures to evaluate quantum master equations for photosynthesis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12753. [PMID: 26238479 PMCID: PMC4523852 DOI: 10.1038/srep12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
When dealing with system-reservoir interactions in an open quantum system, such as a photosynthetic light-harvesting complex, approximations are usually made to obtain the dynamics of the system. One question immediately arises: how good are these approximations, and in what ways can we evaluate them? Here, we propose to use entanglement and a measure of non-Markovianity as benchmarks for the deviation of approximate methods from exact results. We apply two frequently-used perturbative but non-Markovian approximations to a photosynthetic dimer model and compare their results with that of the numerically-exact hierarchy equation of motion (HEOM). This enables us to explore both entanglement and non-Markovianity measures as means to reveal how the approximations either overestimate or underestimate memory effects and quantum coherence. In addition, we show that both the approximate and exact results suggest that non-Markonivity can, counter-intuitively, increase with temperature, and with the coupling to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bin Chen
- Department of Physics and National Center for Theoretical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | | | - Yuan-Chung Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Nan Chen
- Department of Physics and National Center for Theoretical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Franco Nori
- 1] CEMS, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan [2] Physics Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
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32
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Wilkins DM, Dattani NS. Why Quantum Coherence Is Not Important in the Fenna–Matthews–Olsen Complex. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:3411-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ct501066k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Wilkins
- Physical and Theoretical
Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nikesh S. Dattani
- Quantum
Chemistry Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, Kyoto University, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Block N4.1, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
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33
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Li G, Fainberg BD, Seideman T. Optically induced transport through semiconductor-based molecular electronics. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:154111. [PMID: 25903870 DOI: 10.1063/1.4917029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A tight binding model is used to investigate photoinduced tunneling current through a molecular bridge coupled to two semiconductor electrodes. A quantum master equation is developed within a non-Markovian theory based on second-order perturbation theory with respect to the molecule-semiconductor electrode coupling. The spectral functions are generated using a one dimensional alternating bond model, and the coupling between the molecule and the electrodes is expressed through a corresponding correlation function. Since the molecular bridge orbitals are inside the bandgap between the conduction and valence bands, charge carrier tunneling is inhibited in the dark. Subject to the dipole interaction with the laser field, virtual molecular states are generated via the absorption and emission of photons, and new tunneling channels open. Interesting phenomena arising from memory are noted. Such a phenomenon could serve as a switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Boris D Fainberg
- Faculty of Science, Holon Institute of Technology, 58102 Holon, Israel
| | - Tamar Seideman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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34
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Popescu B, Rahman H, Kleinekathöfer U. Using the Chebychev expansion in quantum transport calculations. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:154103. [PMID: 25903862 DOI: 10.1063/1.4917198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Irradiation by laser pulses and a fluctuating surrounding liquid environment can, for example, lead to time-dependent effects in the transport through molecular junctions. From the theoretical point of view, time-dependent theories of quantum transport are still challenging. In one of these existing transport theories, the energy-dependent coupling between molecule and leads is decomposed into Lorentzian functions. This trick has successfully been combined with quantum master approaches, hierarchical formalisms, and non-equilibrium Green's functions. The drawback of this approach is, however, its serious limitation to certain forms of the molecule-lead coupling and to higher temperatures. Tian and Chen [J. Chem. Phys. 137, 204114 (2012)] recently employed a Chebychev expansion to circumvent some of these latter problems. Here, we report on a similar approach also based on the Chebychev expansion but leading to a different set of coupled differential equations using the fact that a derivative of a zeroth-order Bessel function can again be given in terms of Bessel functions. Test calculations show the excellent numerical accuracy and stability of the presented formalism. The time span for which this Chebychev expansion scheme is valid without any restrictions on the form of the spectral density or temperature can be determined a priori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Popescu
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Hasan Rahman
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kleinekathöfer
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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35
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Liu H, Zhu L, Bai S, Shi Q. Reduced quantum dynamics with arbitrary bath spectral densities: hierarchical equations of motion based on several different bath decomposition schemes. J Chem Phys 2015; 140:134106. [PMID: 24712779 DOI: 10.1063/1.4870035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated applications of the hierarchical equation of motion (HEOM) method to perform high order perturbation calculations of reduced quantum dynamics for a harmonic bath with arbitrary spectral densities. Three different schemes are used to decompose the bath spectral density into analytical forms that are suitable to the HEOM treatment: (1) The multiple Lorentzian mode model that can be obtained by numerically fitting the model spectral density. (2) The combined Debye and oscillatory Debye modes model that can be constructed by fitting the corresponding classical bath correlation function. (3) A new method that uses undamped harmonic oscillator modes explicitly in the HEOM formalism. Methods to extract system-bath correlations were investigated for the above bath decomposition schemes. We also show that HEOM in the undamped harmonic oscillator modes can give detailed information on the partial Wigner transform of the total density operator. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations of the spin-Boson dynamics and the absorption line shape of molecular dimers show that the HEOM formalism for high order perturbations can serve as an important tool in studying the quantum dissipative dynamics in the intermediate coupling regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shuming Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qiang Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
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36
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Cao H, Zhang M, Tao T, Song M, Zhang C. Electric response of a metal-molecule-metal junction to laser pulse by solving hierarchical equations of motion. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:084705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4913466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingdao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxia Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaozhi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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37
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Ritschel G, Eisfeld A. Analytic representations of bath correlation functions for ohmic and superohmic spectral densities using simple poles. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:094101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4893931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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38
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Uranga-Piña L, Tremblay JC. Relaxation dynamics in quantum dissipative systems: the microscopic effect of intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:074703. [PMID: 25149802 DOI: 10.1063/1.4892376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the effect of inter-mode coupling on the vibrational relaxation dynamics of molecules in weak dissipative environments. The simulations are performed within the reduced density matrix formalism in the Markovian regime, assuming a Lindblad form for the system-bath interaction. The prototypical two-dimensional model system representing two CO molecules approaching a Cu(100) surface is adapted from an ab initio potential, while the diatom-diatom vibrational coupling strength is systematically varied. In the weak system-bath coupling limit and at low temperatures, only first order non-adiabatic uni-modal coupling terms contribute to surface-mediated vibrational relaxation. Since dissipative dynamics is non-unitary, the choice of representation will affect the evolution of the reduced density matrix. Two alternative representations for computing the relaxation rates and the associated operators are thus compared: the fully coupled spectral basis, and a factorizable ansatz. The former is well-established and serves as a benchmark for the solution of Liouville-von Neumann equation. In the latter, a contracted grid basis of potential-optimized discrete variable representation is tailored to incorporate most of the inter-mode coupling, while the Lindblad operators are represented as tensor products of one-dimensional operators, for consistency. This procedure results in a marked reduction of the grid size and in a much more advantageous scaling of the computational cost with respect to the increase of the dimensionality of the system. The factorizable method is found to provide an accurate description of the dissipative quantum dynamics of the model system, specifically of the time evolution of the state populations and of the probability density distribution of the molecular wave packet. The influence of intra-molecular vibrational energy redistribution appears to be properly taken into account by the new model on the whole range of coupling strengths. It demontrates that most of the mode mixing during relaxation is due to the potential part of the Hamiltonian and not to the coupling among relaxation operators.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Uranga-Piña
- Facultad de Física, Universidad de la Habana, San Lázaro y L, Vedado, 10400 Havana, Cuba
| | - J C Tremblay
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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39
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Chenel A, Mangaud E, Burghardt I, Meier C, Desouter-Lecomte M. Exciton dissociation at donor-acceptor heterojunctions: Dynamics using the collective effective mode representation of the spin-boson model. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:044104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4861853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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40
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Kelly A, Markland TE. Efficient and accurate surface hopping for long time nonadiabatic quantum dynamics. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:014104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4812355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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41
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Jing Y, Chen L, Bai S, Shi Q. Equilibrium excited state and emission spectra of molecular aggregates from the hierarchical equations of motion approach. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:045101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4775843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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42
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Roden J, Strunz WT, Whaley KB, Eisfeld A. Accounting for intra-molecular vibrational modes in open quantum system description of molecular systems. J Chem Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4765329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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43
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Burghardt I, Martinazzo R, Hughes KH. Non-Markovian reduced dynamics based upon a hierarchical effective-mode representation. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:144107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4752078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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44
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Chenel A, Dive G, Meier C, Desouter-Lecomte M. Control in a Dissipative Environment: The Example of a Cope Rearrangement. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:11273-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jp305274y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Chenel
- Laboratoire de Chimie
Physique, Université Paris-Sud and CNRS, UMR 8000, F-91405
Orsay, France
| | - G. Dive
- Centre d’Ingénierie
des Protéines, Université de Liège, Sart Tilman, B6, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - C. Meier
- LCAR-IRSAMC, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - M. Desouter-Lecomte
- Laboratoire de Chimie
Physique, Université Paris-Sud and CNRS, UMR 8000, F-91405
Orsay, France
- Département de Chimie, Université de Liège, Sart Tilman, B6,
B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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45
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Strümpfer J, Schulten K. Open Quantum Dynamics Calculations with the Hierarchy Equations of Motion on Parallel Computers. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:2808-2816. [PMID: 23105920 PMCID: PMC3480185 DOI: 10.1021/ct3003833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Calculating the evolution of an open quantum system, i.e., a system in contact with a thermal environment, has presented a theoretical and computational challenge for many years. With the advent of supercomputers containing large amounts of memory and many processors, the computational challenge posed by the previously intractable theoretical models can now be addressed. The hierarchy equations of motion present one such model and offer a powerful method that remained under-utilized so far due to its considerable computational expense. By exploiting concurrent processing on parallel computers the hierarchy equations of motion can be applied to biological-scale systems. Herein we introduce the quantum dynamics software PHI, that solves the hierarchical equations of motion. We describe the integrator employed by PHI and demonstrate PHI's scaling and efficiency running on large parallel computers by applying the software to the calculation of inter-complex excitation transfer between the light harvesting complexes 1 and 2 of purple photosynthetic bacteria, a 50 pigment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Strümpfer
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Klaus Schulten
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Department of Physics and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
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46
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Laser control in open quantum systems: preliminary analysis toward the Cope rearrangement control in methyl-cyclopentadienylcarboxylate dimer. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1236-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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47
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Parkhill JA, Tempel DG, Aspuru-Guzik A. Exciton coherence lifetimes from electronic structure. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:104510. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3689858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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48
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Strümpfer J, Şener M, Schulten K. How Quantum Coherence Assists Photosynthetic Light Harvesting. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:536-542. [PMID: 22844553 PMCID: PMC3404497 DOI: 10.1021/jz201459c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This perspective examines how hundreds of pigment molecules in purple bacteria cooperate through quantum coherence to achieve remarkable light harvesting efficiency. Quantum coherent sharing of excitation, which modifies excited state energy levels and combines transition dipole moments, enables rapid transfer of excitation over large distances. Purple bacteria exploit the resulting excitation transfer to engage many antenna proteins in light harvesting, thereby increasing the rate of photon absorption and energy conversion. We highlight here how quantum coherence comes about and plays a key role in the photosynthetic apparatus of purple bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Strümpfer
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - M Şener
- Department of Physics and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - K Schulten
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Department of Physics and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- To whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Goan HS, Chen PW, Jian CC. Non-Markovian finite-temperature two-time correlation functions of system operators: beyond the quantum regression theorem. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:124112. [PMID: 21456650 DOI: 10.1063/1.3570581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An extremely useful evolution equation that allows systematically calculating the two-time correlation functions (CF's) of system operators for non-Markovian open (dissipative) quantum systems is derived. The derivation is based on perturbative quantum master equation approach, so non-Markovian open quantum system models that are not exactly solvable can use our derived evolution equation to easily obtain their two-time CF's of system operators, valid to second order in the system-environment interaction. Since the form and nature of the Hamiltonian are not specified in our derived evolution equation, our evolution equation is applicable for bosonic and/or fermionic environments and can be applied to a wide range of system-environment models with any factorized (separable) system-environment initial states (pure or mixed). When applied to a general model of a system coupled to a finite-temperature bosonic environment with a system coupling operator L in the system-environment interaction Hamiltonian, the resultant evolution equation is valid for both L = L(†) and L ≠ L(†) cases, in contrast to those evolution equations valid only for L = L(†) case in the literature. The derived equation that generalizes the quantum regression theorem (QRT) to the non-Markovian case will have broad applications in many different branches of physics. We then give conditions on which the QRT holds in the weak system-environment coupling case and apply the derived evolution equation to a problem of a two-level system (atom) coupled to the finite-temperature bosonic environment (electromagnetic fields) with L ≠ L(†).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Sheng Goan
- Department of Physics and Center for Theoretical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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50
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Kreisbeck C, Kramer T, Rodríguez M, Hein B. High-Performance Solution of Hierarchical Equations of Motion for Studying Energy Transfer in Light-Harvesting Complexes. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:2166-74. [PMID: 26606486 DOI: 10.1021/ct200126d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Excitonic models of light-harvesting complexes, where the vibrational degrees of freedom are treated as a bath, are commonly used to describe the motion of the electronic excitation through a molecule. Recent experiments point toward the possibility of memory effects in this process and require one to consider time nonlocal propagation techniques. The hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) were proposed by Ishizaki and Fleming to describe the site-dependent reorganization dynamics of protein environments ( J. Chem. Phys. 2009 , 130 , 234111 ), which plays a significant role in photosynthetic electronic energy transfer. HEOM are often used as a reference for other approximate methods but have been implemented only for small systems due to their adverse computational scaling with the system size. Here, we show that HEOM are also solvable for larger systems, since the underlying algorithm is ideally suited for the usage of graphics processing units (GPU). The tremendous reduction in computational time due to the GPU allows us to perform a systematic study of the energy-transfer efficiency in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) light-harvesting complex at physiological temperature under full consideration of memory effects. We find that approximative methods differ qualitatively and quantitatively from the HEOM results and discuss the importance of finite temperature to achieving high energy-transfer efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Kreisbeck
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg , 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Kramer
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg , 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mirta Rodríguez
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia CSIC , C/Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Birgit Hein
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg , 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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