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Ishikawa M, Borges R, Mourão A, Ferreira LM, Lobo AO, Martinho H. Confined Water Dynamics in the Scaffolds of Polylactic Acid. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:19796-19804. [PMID: 38737045 PMCID: PMC11079869 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Resorbable polylactic acid (PLA) ultrathin fibers have been applied as scaffolds for tissue engineering applications due to their micro- and nanoporous structure that favor cell adhesion, besides inducing cell proliferation and upregulating gene expression related to tissue regeneration. Incorporation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes into PLA fibers has been reported to increase the mechanical properties of the scaffold, making them even more suitable for tissue engineering applications. Ideally, scaffolds should be degraded simultaneously with tissue growth. Hydration and swelling are factors related to scaffold degradation. Hydration would negatively impact the mechanical properties since PLA shows hydrolytic degradation. Water absorption critically affects the catalysis and allowance of the hydrolysis reactions. Moreover, either mass transport and chemical reactions are influenced by confined water, which is an unexplored subject for PLA micro- and nanoporous fibers. Here, we probe and investigate confined water onto highly porous PLA microfibers containing few amounts of incorporated carbon nanotubes by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. A hydrostatic pressure was applied to the fibers to enhance the intermolecular interactions between water molecules and C=O groups from polyester bonds, which were evaluated over the wavenumber between 1600 and 2000 cm-1. The analysis of temperature dependence of FTIR spectra indicated the presence of confined water which is characterized by a non-Arrhenius to Arrhenius crossover at T0 = 190 K for 1716 and 1817 cm-1 carbonyl bands of PLA. These bands are sensitive to a hydrogen bond network of confined water. The relevance of our finding relies on the challenge detecting confined water in hydrophobic cavities as in the PLA one. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first report referring the presence of confined water in a hydrophobic scaffold as PLA for tissue engineering. Our findings can provide new opportunities to understand the role of confined water in tissue engineering applications. For instance, we argue that PLA degradation may be affected the most by confined water. PLA degradation involves hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation reactions, which can both be sensitive to changes in water properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Ishikawa
- Federal
University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09280-560, Brazil
| | - Roger Borges
- Federal
University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09280-560, Brazil
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculdade Israelita de Ciências
da Saúde Albert Einstein, Hospital
Israelita Albert Einstein, São
Paulo, São Paulo 09280-560, Brazil
| | - André Mourão
- Federal
University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09280-560, Brazil
| | | | - Anderson O. Lobo
- Interdisciplinary
Laboratory for Advanced Materials, BioMatLab, Department of Materials
Engineering, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí 64049-550, Brazil
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2
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Laucirica G, Toum-Terrones Y, Cayón VM, Toimil-Molares ME, Azzaroni O, Marmisollé WA. Advances in nanofluidic field-effect transistors: external voltage-controlled solid-state nanochannels for stimulus-responsive ion transport and beyond. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:10471-10493. [PMID: 38506166 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06142f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Ion channels, intricate protein structures facilitating precise ion passage across cell membranes, are pivotal for vital cellular functions. Inspired by the remarkable capabilities of biological ion channels, the scientific community has ventured into replicating these principles in fully abiotic solid-state nanochannels (SSNs). Since the gating mechanisms of SSNs rely on variations in the physicochemical properties of the channel surface, the modification of their internal architecture and chemistry constitutes a powerful strategy to control the transport properties and, consequently, render specific functionalities. In this framework, both the design of the nanofluidic platform and the subsequent selection and attachment of different building blocks gain special attention. Similar to biological ion channels, functional SSNs offer the potential to finely modulate ion transport in response to various stimuli, leading to innovations in a variety of fields. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate world of ion transport across stimuli-responsive SSNs, focusing on the development of external voltage-controlled nanofluidic devices. This kind of field-effect nanofluidic technology has attracted special interest due to the possibility of real-time reconfiguration of the ion transport with a non-invasive strategy. These properties have found interesting applications in drug delivery, biosensing, and nanoelectronics. This document will address the fundamental principles of ion transport through SSNs and the construction, modification, and applications of external voltage-controlled SSNs. It will also address future challenges and prospects, offering a comprehensive perspective on this evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Laucirica
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Y Toum-Terrones
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - V M Cayón
- Department of Materials- and Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M E Toimil-Molares
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Materials- and Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - O Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - W A Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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3
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Bushuev YG, Grosu Y, Chorążewski M. Spontaneous Dipole Reorientation in Confined Water and Its Effect on Wetting/Dewetting of Hydrophobic Nanopores. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:7604-7616. [PMID: 38300737 PMCID: PMC10875646 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The properties of nanoconfined fluids are important for a broad range of natural and engineering systems. In particular, wetting/dewetting of hydrophobic nanoporous materials is crucial due to their broad applicability for molecular separation and liquid purification; energy storage, conversion, recuperation, and dissipation; for catalysis, chromatography, and so on. In this work, a rapid, orchestrated, and spontaneous dipole reorientation was observed in hydrophobic nanotubes of various pore sizes d (7.9-16.5 Å) via simulations. This phenomenon leads to the fragmentation of water clusters in the narrow nanopores (d = 7.9, 10 Å) and strongly affects dewetting through cluster repulsion. The cavitation in these pores has an electrostatic origin. The dependence of hydrogen-bonded network properties on the tube aperture is obtained and is used to explain wetting (intrusion)-dewetting (extrusion) hysteresis. Computer simulations and experimental data demonstrate that d equals ca. 12.5 Å is a threshold between a nonhysteretic (spring) behavior, where intrusion-extrusion is reversible, and a hysteretic one (shock absorber), where hysteresis is prominent. This work suggests that water clustering and the electrostatic nature of cavitation are important factors that can be effectively exploited for controlling the wetting/dewetting of nanoporous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy G. Bushuev
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Szkolna 9 Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Yaroslav Grosu
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Szkolna 9 Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC EnergiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, Vitoria, Gasteiz 01510, Spain
| | - Mirosław Chorążewski
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Szkolna 9 Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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4
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Sahu P, Ali SM. Uniqueness of Nanoscale Confinement for Fast Water Transport: Effect of Nanotube Diameter and Hydrophobicity. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:222-243. [PMID: 38149848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the enhanced water permeability of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the transport behavior through nanotubes made of boron nitride (BNNT), silicon carbide (SiC), and silicon nitride (SiN) alongside carbon nanotubes (which have different hydrophobic attributes) considering their implication for reverse osmosis (RO) membranes under different practical environments. According to our findings, not only do CNTs but also other kinds of nanotubes exhibit transition anomalies with increasing diameter. Utilizing the robust two-phase thermodynamic (2PT) methods, the current examinations shed light on thermodynamic origin of favorable water filling of these nanotubes. The results show that regardless of the nanotube material, the filling of water inside small nanopores (d < 10 Å) as well as within pores of diameter larger than 15 Å will always be favored by the entropy of filling. However, the entropic preference for filling nanotubes with a diameter of 10-15 Å depends on the constituent material. In particular, the enhancement in total entropy of confined water was mainly due to the increased rotational freedom of confined water molecules. The thermodynamic origin of water transport was correlated with the structural and fluidic behavior of water inside these nanotubes. The observed data for density, flow, structure correlation functions, water-water coordination, tetrahedral order parameter, hydrogen bonds, and density of states functions quantitatively support the observed entropy behavior. Of critical importance is that the present study demonstrates the effectiveness of RO filtration using nanotubes of boron nitride rather than carbon. Furthermore, it was found that one should avoid the use of silicon nanotubes unless filtration needs to be performed under harsh environments where nanotube of other materials cannot survive. Specifically, the results show that both the structural and dynamic properties of water confined in BNNTs are similar to those of CNT's, and for SiNT it is similar as SiC. Our results show that besides the nanotube material, the chirality index of the nanotube also plays a significant role in determining the structure, dynamics and thermodynamics of confined water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sahu
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Sk Musharaf Ali
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
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5
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Chen J, Qiu Z, Huang J. Structure and Dynamics of Confined Water Inside Diphenylalanine Peptide Nanotubes. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:42936-42950. [PMID: 38024738 PMCID: PMC10652825 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Diphenylalanine (FF) peptides exhibit a unique ability to self-assemble into nanotubes with confined water molecules playing pivotal roles in their structure and function. This study investigates the structure and dynamics of diphenylalanine peptide nanotubes (FFPNTs) using all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) and grand canonical Monte Carlo combined with MD (GCMC/MD) simulations with both the CHARMM additive and Drude polarizable force fields. The occupancy and dynamics of confined water molecules were also examined. It was found that less than 2 confined water molecules per FF help stabilize the FFPNTs on the x-y plane. Analyses of the kinetics of confined water molecules revealed distinctive transport behaviors for bound and free water, and their respective diffusion coefficients were compared. Our results validate the importance of polarizable force field models in studying peptide nanotubes and provide insights into our understanding of nanoconfined water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Chen
- College
of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
- Key
Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life
Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Westlake
AI Therapeutics Lab, Westlake Laboratory
of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Zongyang Qiu
- Key
Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life
Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Westlake
AI Therapeutics Lab, Westlake Laboratory
of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Key
Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life
Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Westlake
AI Therapeutics Lab, Westlake Laboratory
of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
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6
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Sokoloff JB, Lau AWC. Theory of the force of friction acting on water chains flowing through carbon nanotubes. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:055101. [PMID: 37329021 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.055101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A simple model for the friction experienced by the one-dimensional water chains that flow through subnanometer diameter carbon nanotubes is studied. The model is based on a lowest order perturbation theory treatment of the friction experienced by the water chains due to the excitation of phonon and electron excitations in both the nanotube and the water chain, as a result of the motion of the chain. On the basis of this model, we are able to demonstrate how the observed flow velocities of water chains through carbon nanotubes of the order of several centimeters per second can be accounted for. If the hydrogen bonds between the water molecules are broken (as would occur if there were an electric field oscillating with a frequency equal to the resonant frequency of the hydrogen bonds present), it is shown that the friction experienced by the water flowing in the tube can be much smaller.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Sokoloff
- Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, USA
| | - A W C Lau
- Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, USA
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7
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Li Z, Misra RP, Li Y, Yao YC, Zhao S, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Blankschtein D, Noy A. Breakdown of the Nernst-Einstein relation in carbon nanotube porins. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:177-183. [PMID: 36585518 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01276-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
For over 100 years, the Nernst-Einstein relation has linked a charged particle's electrophoretic mobility and diffusion coefficient. Here we report experimental measurements of diffusion and electromigration of K+ ions in narrow 0.8-nm-diameter single-walled carbon nanotube porins (CNTPs) and demonstrate that the Nernst-Einstein relation in these channels breaks down by more than three orders of magnitude. Molecular dynamics simulations using polarizable force fields show that K+ ion diffusion in CNTPs in the presence of a single-file water chain is three orders of magnitude slower than bulk diffusion. Intriguingly, the simulations also reveal a disintegration of the water chain upon application of electric fields, resulting in the formation of distinct K+-water clusters, which then traverse the CNTP at high velocity. Finally, we show that although individual ion-water clusters still obey the Nernst-Einstein relation, the overall relation breaks down because of two distinct mechanisms for ion diffusion and electromigration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwu Li
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Rahul Prasanna Misra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yuhao Li
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Yun-Chiao Yao
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Sidi Zhao
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
- School of Engineering, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Yuliang Zhang
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Yunfei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Daniel Blankschtein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Aleksandr Noy
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA.
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA.
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8
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Crystalline hydrogen bonding of water molecules confined in a metal-organic framework. Commun Chem 2022; 5:51. [PMID: 36697686 PMCID: PMC9814150 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00666-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) of water molecules confined in nanopores is of particular interest because it is expected to exhibit chemical features different from bulk water molecules due to their interaction with the wall lining the pores. Herein, we show a crystalline behavior of H-bonded water molecules residing in the nanocages of a paddlewheel metal-organic framework, providing in situ and ex situ synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy studies. The crystalline H-bond is demonstrated by proving the vibrational chain connectivity arising between hydrogen bond and paddlewheel Cu-Cu bond in sequentially connected Cu-Cu·····coordinating H2O·····H-bonded H2O and by proving the spatial ordering of H-bonded water molecules at room temperature, where they are anticipated to be disordered. Additionally, we show a substantial distortion of the paddlewheel Cu2+-centers that arises with water coordination simultaneously. Also, we suggest the dynamic coordination bond character of the H-bond of the confined water, by which an H-bond transitions to a coordination-bond at the Cu2+-center instantaneously after dissociating a previously coordinated H2O.
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9
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Chatzichristos A, Hassan J. Current Understanding of Water Properties inside Carbon Nanotubes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:174. [PMID: 35010123 PMCID: PMC8746445 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Confined water inside carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has attracted a lot of attention in recent years, amassing as a result a very large number of dedicated studies, both theoretical and experimental. This exceptional scientific interest can be understood in terms of the exotic properties of nanoconfined water, as well as the vast array of possible applications of CNTs in a wide range of fields stretching from geology to medicine and biology. This review presents an overreaching narrative of the properties of water in CNTs, based mostly on results from systematic nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and molecular dynamics (MD) studies, which together allow the untangling and explanation of many seemingly contradictory results present in the literature. Further, we identify still-debatable issues and open problems, as well as avenues for future studies, both theoretical and experimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aris Chatzichristos
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jamal Hassan
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
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10
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Meng X, Kang X. Reducing water transfer rate through a carbon nanotube efficiently: The role of a small nanogap. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.139281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Dos Santos Cavaleiro RM, da Silva Arouche T, Martins Tanoue PS, Sá Pereira TS, de Carvalho Junior RN, Paranhos Costa FL, de Andrade Filho TS, Dos Santos Borges R, de Jesus Chaves Neto AM. Hormones Nanofiltration in Carbon Nanotubes and Boron Nitride Nanotubes Using Uniform External Electric Field Through Molecular Dynamics. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 21:5499-5509. [PMID: 33980360 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hormones are a dangerous group of molecules that can cause harm to humans. This study based on classical molecular dynamics proposes the nanofiltration of wastewater contaminated by hormones from a computer simulation study, in which the water and the hormone were filtered in two single-walled nanotube compositions. The calculations were carried out by changing the intensities of the electric field that acted as a force exerting pressure on the filtration along the nanotube, in the simulation time of 100 ps. The hormones studied were estrone, estradiol, estriol, progesterone, ethinylestradiol, diethylbestrol, and levonorgestrel in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and boron nitride (BNNTs). The most efficient nanofiltrations were for fields with low intensities in the order of 10-8 au and 10-7 au. The studied nanotubes can be used in membranes for nanofiltration in water treatment plants due to the evanescent field potential caused by the action of the electric field inside. Our data showed that the action of EF in conjunction with the van der Walls forces of the nanotubes is sufficient to generate the attractive potential. Evaluating the transport of water molecules in CNTs and BNNTs, under the influence of the electric field, a sequence of simulations with the same boundary conditions was carried out, seeking to know the percentage of water molecules filtered in the nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiago da Silva Arouche
- Laboratory for Preparation and Computing of Nanomaterials (LPCN), Federal University of Pará, 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Phelipe Seiichi Martins Tanoue
- Laboratory for Preparation and Computing of Nanomaterials (LPCN), Federal University of Pará, 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Tais Souza Sá Pereira
- Laboratory for Preparation and Computing of Nanomaterials (LPCN), Federal University of Pará, 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Fabio Luiz Paranhos Costa
- Federal University of Goiás, Campus Jataí. Rodovia BR-364, Setor Francisco Antônio, 75801615 - Jataí, GO - Brazil
| | - Tarciso Silva de Andrade Filho
- Federal University of the South and Southeast of Pará, Campus de Marabá. FL 17, QD 04, LT Especial Nova Marabá 68505080 - Maraba, PA - Brazil
| | - Rosivaldo Dos Santos Borges
- Federal University of Pará, Department of Pharmacy. Rua Augusto Correa, SN Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory Guarna 66075-110 - Belem, PA - Brazil
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12
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Mejri A, Herlem G, Picaud F. From Behavior of Water on Hydrophobic Graphene Surfaces to Ultra-Confinement of Water in Carbon Nanotubes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:306. [PMID: 33504024 PMCID: PMC7911377 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years and with the achievement of nanotechnologies, the development of experiments based on carbon nanotubes has allowed to increase the ionic permeability and/or selectivity in nanodevices. However, this new technology opens the way to many questionable observations, to which theoretical work can answer using several approximations. One of them concerns the appearance of a negative charge on the carbon surface, when the latter is apparently neutral. Using first-principles density functional theory combined with molecular dynamics, we develop here several simulations on different systems in order to understand the reactivity of the carbon surface in low or ultra-high confinement. According to our calculations, there is high affinity of the carbon atom to the hydrogen ion in every situation, and to a lesser extent for the hydroxyl ion. The latter can only occur when the first hydrogen attack has been achieved. As a consequence, the functionalization of the carbon surface in the presence of an aqueous medium is activated by its protonation, then allowing the reactivity of the anion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabien Picaud
- Laboratoire de Nanomédecine, Imagerie et Thérapeutiques, EA4662, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030 Besançon, France; (A.M.); (G.H.)
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13
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Lynch C, Rao S, Sansom MSP. Water in Nanopores and Biological Channels: A Molecular Simulation Perspective. Chem Rev 2020; 120:10298-10335. [PMID: 32841020 PMCID: PMC7517714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This Review explores the dynamic behavior of water within nanopores and biological channels in lipid bilayer membranes. We focus on molecular simulation studies, alongside selected structural and other experimental investigations. Structures of biological nanopores and channels are reviewed, emphasizing those high-resolution crystal structures, which reveal water molecules within the transmembrane pores, which can be used to aid the interpretation of simulation studies. Different levels of molecular simulations of water within nanopores are described, with a focus on molecular dynamics (MD). In particular, models of water for MD simulations are discussed in detail to provide an evaluation of their use in simulations of water in nanopores. Simulation studies of the behavior of water in idealized models of nanopores have revealed aspects of the organization and dynamics of nanoconfined water, including wetting/dewetting in narrow hydrophobic nanopores. A survey of simulation studies in a range of nonbiological nanopores is presented, including carbon nanotubes, synthetic nanopores, model peptide nanopores, track-etched nanopores in polymer membranes, and hydroxylated and functionalized nanoporous silica. These reveal a complex relationship between pore size/geometry, the nature of the pore lining, and rates of water transport. Wider nanopores with hydrophobic linings favor water flow whereas narrower hydrophobic pores may show dewetting. Simulation studies over the past decade of the behavior of water in a range of biological nanopores are described, including porins and β-barrel protein nanopores, aquaporins and related polar solute pores, and a number of different classes of ion channels. Water is shown to play a key role in proton transport in biological channels and in hydrophobic gating of ion channels. An overall picture emerges, whereby the behavior of water in a nanopore may be predicted as a function of its hydrophobicity and radius. This informs our understanding of the functions of diverse channel structures and will aid the design of novel nanopores. Thus, our current level of understanding allows for the design of a nanopore which promotes wetting over dewetting or vice versa. However, to design a novel nanopore, which enables fast, selective, and gated flow of water de novo would remain challenging, suggesting a need for further detailed simulations alongside experimental evaluation of more complex nanopore systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte
I. Lynch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, U.K.
| | - Shanlin Rao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, U.K.
| | - Mark S. P. Sansom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, U.K.
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14
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Ahmed FE, Lalia BS, Hashaikeh R, Hilal N. Enhanced performance of direct contact membrane distillation via selected electrothermal heating of membrane surface. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Water diffusion in carbon nanotubes under directional electric frields: Coupling between mobility and hydrogen bonding. Chem Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2020.110849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Klesse G, Tucker SJ, Sansom MSP. Electric Field Induced Wetting of a Hydrophobic Gate in a Model Nanopore Based on the 5-HT 3 Receptor Channel. ACS NANO 2020; 14:10480-10491. [PMID: 32673478 PMCID: PMC7450702 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study we examined the influence of a transmembrane voltage on the hydrophobic gating of nanopores using molecular dynamics simulations. We observed electric field induced wetting of a hydrophobic gate in a biologically inspired model nanopore based on the 5-HT3 receptor in its closed state, with a field of at least ∼100 mV nm-1 (corresponding to a supra-physiological potential difference of ∼0.85 V across the membrane) required to hydrate the pore. We also found an unequal distribution of charged residues can generate an electric field intrinsic to the nanopore which, depending on its orientation, can alter the effect of the external field, thus making the wetting response asymmetric. This wetting response could be described by a simple model based on water surface tension, the volumetric energy contribution of the electric field, and the influence of charged amino acids lining the pore. Finally, the electric field response was used to determine time constants characterizing the phase transitions of water confined within the nanopore, revealing liquid-vapor oscillations on a time scale of ∼5 ns. This time scale was largely independent of the water model employed and was similar for different sized pores representative of the open and closed states of the pore. Furthermore, our finding that the threshold voltage required for hydrating a hydrophobic gate depends on the orientation of the electric field provides an attractive perspective for the design of rectifying artificial nanopores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Klesse
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J. Tucker
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- OXION
Initiative in Ion Channels and Disease, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom
| | - Mark S. P. Sansom
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
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17
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Rieth AJ, Hunter KM, Dincă M, Paesani F. Hydrogen bonding structure of confined water templated by a metal-organic framework with open metal sites. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4771. [PMID: 31628319 PMCID: PMC6802106 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12751-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Water in confinement exhibits properties significantly different from bulk water due to frustration in the hydrogen-bond network induced by interactions with the substrate. Here, we combine infrared spectroscopy and many-body molecular dynamics simulations to probe the structure and dynamics of confined water as a function of relative humidity within a metal-organic framework containing cylindrical pores lined with ordered cobalt open coordination sites. Building upon the agreement between experimental and theoretical spectra, we demonstrate that water at low relative humidity binds initially to open metal sites and subsequently forms disconnected one-dimensional chains of hydrogen-bonded water molecules bridging between cobalt atoms. With increasing relative humidity, these water chains nucleate pore filling, and water molecules occupy the entire pore interior before the relative humidity reaches 30%. Systematic analysis of rotational and translational dynamics indicates heterogeneity in this pore-confined water, with water molecules displaying variable mobility as a function of distance from the interface. The properties of water under confinement are significantly altered with respect to the bulk phase. Here the authors use infrared spectroscopy and many-body molecular dynamics simulations to show the structure and dynamics of confined water as a function of relative humidity within a metal-organic framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Rieth
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Mass. Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Kelly M Hunter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Mircea Dincă
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Mass. Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Francesco Paesani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Materials Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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18
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Shafiei M, Ojaghlou N, Zamfir SG, Bratko D, Luzar A. Modulation of structure and dynamics of water under alternating electric field and the role of hydrogen bonding. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1651919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Shafiei
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - N. Ojaghlou
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - S. G. Zamfir
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - D. Bratko
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A. Luzar
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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19
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20
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Stuyver T, Danovich D, Joy J, Shaik S. External electric field effects on chemical structure and reactivity. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thijs Stuyver
- Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel
- Algemene Chemie Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium
| | - David Danovich
- Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel
| | - Jyothish Joy
- Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel
| | - Sason Shaik
- Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel
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21
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Proton leakage across lipid bilayers: Oxygen atoms of phospholipid ester linkers align water molecules into transmembrane water wires. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1860:439-451. [PMID: 30904457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Up to half of the cellular energy gets lost owing to membrane proton leakage. The permeability of lipid bilayers to protons is by several orders of magnitude higher than to other cations, which implies efficient proton-specific passages. The nature of these passages remains obscure. By combining experimental measurements of proton flow across phosphatidylcholine vesicles, steered molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of phosphatidylcholine bilayers and kinetic modelling, we have analyzed whether protons could pass between opposite phospholipid molecules when they sporadically converge. The MD simulations showed that each time, when the phosphorus atoms of the two phosphatidylcholine molecules got closer than 1.6 nm, the eight oxygen atoms of their ester linkages could form a transmembrane 'oxygen passage' along which several water molecules aligned into a water wire. Proton permeability along such water wires would be limited by rearrangement of oxygen atoms, which could explain the experimentally shown independence of the proton permeability of pH, H2O/D2O substitution, and membrane dipole potential. We suggest that protons can cross lipid bilayers by moving along short, self-sustaining water wires supported by oxygen atoms of lipid ester linkages.
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22
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Molecular dynamics simulation of electric field driven water and heavy metals transport through fluorinated carbon nanotubes. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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23
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24
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Horng TL, Eisenberg RS, Liu C, Bezanilla F. Continuum Gating Current Models Computed with Consistent Interactions. Biophys J 2018; 116:270-282. [PMID: 30612713 PMCID: PMC6350011 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.3140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The action potential of nerve and muscle is produced by voltage-sensitive channels that include a specialized device to sense voltage. The voltage sensor depends on the movement of charges in the changing electric field as suggested by Hodgkin and Huxley. Gating currents of the voltage sensor are now known to depend on the movements of positively charged arginines through the hydrophobic plug of a voltage sensor domain. Transient movements of these permanently charged arginines, caused by the change of transmembrane potential V, further drag the S4 segment and induce opening/closing of the ion conduction pore by moving the S4-S5 linker. This moving permanent charge induces capacitive current flow everywhere. Everything interacts with everything else in the voltage sensor and protein, and so it must also happen in its mathematical model. A Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP)-steric model of arginines and a mechanical model for the S4 segment are combined using energy variational methods in which all densities and movements of charge satisfy conservation laws, which are expressed as partial differential equations in space and time. The model computes gating current flowing in the baths produced by arginines moving in the voltage sensor. The model also captures the capacitive pile up of ions in the vestibules that link the bulk solution to the hydrophobic plug. Our model reproduces the signature properties of gating current: 1) equality of ON and OFF charge Q in integrals of gating current, 2) saturating voltage dependence in the Q(charge)-voltage curve, and 3) many (but not all) details of the shape of gating current as a function of voltage. Our results agree qualitatively with experiments and can be improved by adding more details of the structure and its correlated movements. The proposed continuum model is a promising tool to explore the dynamics and mechanism of the voltage sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzyy-Leng Horng
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Robert S Eisenberg
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Francisco Bezanilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
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25
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Electrically controlled water permeation through graphene oxide membranes. Nature 2018; 559:236-240. [PMID: 29995867 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0292-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Controlled transport of water molecules through membranes and capillaries is important in areas as diverse as water purification and healthcare technologies1-7. Previous attempts to control water permeation through membranes (mainly polymeric ones) have concentrated on modulating the structure of the membrane and the physicochemical properties of its surface by varying the pH, temperature or ionic strength3,8. Electrical control over water transport is an attractive alternative; however, theory and simulations9-14 have often yielded conflicting results, from freezing of water molecules to melting of ice14-16 under an applied electric field. Here we report electrically controlled water permeation through micrometre-thick graphene oxide membranes17-21. Such membranes have previously been shown to exhibit ultrafast permeation of water17,22 and molecular sieving properties18,21, with the potential for industrial-scale production. To achieve electrical control over water permeation, we create conductive filaments in the graphene oxide membranes via controllable electrical breakdown. The electric field that concentrates around these current-carrying filaments ionizes water molecules inside graphene capillaries within the graphene oxide membranes, which impedes water transport. We thus demonstrate precise control of water permeation, from ultrafast permeation to complete blocking. Our work opens up an avenue for developing smart membrane technologies for artificial biological systems, tissue engineering and filtration.
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26
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Winarto, Takaiwa D, Yamamoto E, Yasuoka K. Separation of water-ethanol solutions with carbon nanotubes and electric fields. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:33310-33319. [PMID: 27897278 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06731j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bioethanol has been used as an alternative energy source for transportation vehicles to reduce the use of fossil fuels. The separation of water-ethanol solutions from fermentation processes is still an important issue in the production of anhydrous ethanol. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the effect of axial electric fields on the separation of water-ethanol solutions with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). In the absence of an electric field, CNT-ethanol van der Waals interactions allow ethanol to fill the CNTs in preference to water, i.e., a separation effect for ethanol. However, as the CNT diameter increases, this ethanol separation effect significantly decreases owing to a decrease in the strength of the van der Waals interactions. In contrast, under an electric field, the energy of the electrostatic interactions within the water molecule structure induces water molecules to fill the CNTs in preference to ethanol, i.e., a separation effect for water. More importantly, the electrostatic interactions are dependent on the water molecule structure in the CNT instead of the CNT diameter. As a result, the separation effect observed under an electric field does not diminish over a wide CNT diameter range. Moreover, CNTs and electric fields can be used to separate methanol-ethanol solutions too. Under an electric field, methanol preferentially fills CNTs over ethanol in a wide CNT diameter range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winarto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan. and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Brawijaya University, Jl. MT Haryono 167, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Daisuke Takaiwa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Eiji Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kenji Yasuoka
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
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27
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Kayal A, Chandra A. Orientational order and dynamics of interfacial water near a hexagonal boron-nitride sheet: An ab initio molecular dynamics study. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:164704. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4991594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Kayal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Amalendu Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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28
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Zhou M, Hu Y, Liu JC, Cheng K, Jia GZ. Hydrogen bonding and transportation properties of water confined in the single-walled carbon nanotube in the pulse-field. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Chakraborty S, Kumar H, Dasgupta C, Maiti PK. Confined Water: Structure, Dynamics, and Thermodynamics. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:2139-2146. [PMID: 28809537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the properties of strongly confined water is important for a variety of applications such as fast flow and desalination devices, voltage generation, flow sensing, and nanofluidics. Confined water also plays an important role in many biological processes such as flow through ion channels. Water in the bulk exhibits many unusual properties that arise primarily from the presence of a network of hydrogen bonds. Strong confinement in structures such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) substantially modifies the structural, thermodynamic, and dynamic (both translational and orientational) properties of water by changing the structure of the hydrogen bond network. In this Account, we provide an overview of the behavior of water molecules confined inside CNTs and slit pores between graphene and graphene oxide (GO) sheets. Water molecules confined in narrow CNTs are arranged in a single file and exhibit solidlike ordering at room temperature due to strong hydrogen bonding between nearest-neighbor molecules. Although molecules constrained to move along a line are expected to exhibit single-file diffusion in contrast to normal Fickian diffusion, we show, from a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and analytic calculations, that water molecules confined in short and narrow CNTs with open ends exhibit Fickian diffusion because of their collective motion as a single unit due to strong hydrogen bonding. Confinement leads to strong anisotropy in the orientational relaxation of water molecules. The time scale of relaxation of the dipolar correlations of water molecules arranged in a single file becomes ultraslow, of the order of several nanoseconds, compared with the value of 2.5 ps for bulk water. In contrast, the relaxation of the vector that joins the two hydrogens in a water molecule is much faster, with a time scale of about 150 fs, which is about 10 times shorter than the corresponding time scale for bulk water. This is a rare example of confinement leading to a speedup of orientational dynamics. The orientational relaxation of confined water molecules proceeds by angular jumps between two locally stable states, making the relaxation qualitatively different from that expected in the diffusive limit. The spontaneous entry of water inside the hydrophobic cavity of CNTs is primarily driven by an increase in the rotational entropy of water molecules inside the cavity, arising from a reduction in the average number of hydrogen bonds attached to a water molecule. From simulations using a variety of water models, we demonstrate that the relatively simple SPC/E water model yields results in close agreement with those obtained from polarizable water models. Finally, we provide an account of the structure and thermodynamics of water confined in the slit pore between two GO sheets with both oxidized and reduced parts. We show that the potential of mean force for the oxidized part of GO sheets in the presence of water exhibits two local minima, one corresponding to a dry cavity and the other corresponding to a fully hydrated cavity. The coexistence of these two regimes provides permeation pathways for water in GO membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Chakraborty
- Centre
for Computational Sciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151001, India
| | - Hemant Kumar
- Centre
for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Chandan Dasgupta
- Centre
for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Prabal K. Maiti
- Centre
for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
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30
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Sabzyan H, Kowsar M. Molecular dynamics simulation of the cyclotron motion of ions in a carbon nanotorus induced by gigahertz rotating electric field. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2017.1366656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sabzyan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Maryam Kowsar
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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31
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Water Molecules in a Carbon Nanotube under an Applied Electric Field at Various Temperatures and Pressures. WATER 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/w9070473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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32
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Trick JL, Song C, Wallace EJ, Sansom MSP. Voltage Gating of a Biomimetic Nanopore: Electrowetting of a Hydrophobic Barrier. ACS NANO 2017; 11:1840-1847. [PMID: 28141923 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
It is desirable that nanopores that are components of biosensors are gated, i.e., capable of controllable switching between closed (impermeable) and open (permeable) states. A central hydrophobic barrier within a nanopore may act as a voltage-dependent gate via electrowetting, i.e., changes in nanopore surface wettability by application of an electric field. We use "computational electrophysiology" simulations to demonstrate and characterize electrowetting of a biomimetic nanopore containing a hydrophobic gate. We show that a hydrophobic gate in a model β-barrel nanopore can be functionally opened by electrowetting at voltages that do not electroporate lipid bilayers. During the process of electrowetting, voltage-induced alignment of water dipoles occurs within the hydrophobic gate region of the nanopore, with water entry preceding permeation of ions through the opened nanopore. When the ionic imbalance that generates a transbilayer potential is dissipated, water is expelled from the hydrophobic gate and the nanopore recloses. The open nanopore formed by electrowetting of a "featureless" β-barrel is anionic selective due to the transmembrane dipole potential resulting from binding of Na+ ions to the headgroup regions of the surrounding lipid bilayer. Thus, hydrophobic barriers can provide voltage-dependent gates in designed biomimetic nanopores. This extends our understanding of hydrophobic gating in synthetic and biological nanopores, providing a framework for the design of functional nanopores with tailored gating functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemma L Trick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K
| | - Chen Song
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K
| | - E Jayne Wallace
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd., Edmund Cartwright House , 4 Robert Robinson Avenue, Oxford Science Park, Oxford OX4 4GA, U.K
| | - Mark S P Sansom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K
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33
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Wang H, Shi J, Liu G, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Li S. Investigation of Transport Properties of Water-Methanol Solution through a CNT with Oscillating Electric Field. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:1041-1053. [PMID: 28068091 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b06509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the transport properties of water-methanol solution getting through a carbon nanotube (CNT) with an oscillating electric field. Eight alternating electric fields with different oscillation periods were used in this work. Under the oscillating electric field, water molecules have the advantage of occupying a CNT over methanol molecules. Meanwhile, the space occupancy of water-methanol solution in the CNT increases as the oscillating period increases. More importantly, we found that the oscillating period of electric field affects the van der Waals interaction of the solution inside the CNT and the shell of the CNT, which results in the change in the number of hydrogen bonds in the water-methanol solution confined in the CNT. And the change in the hydrogen-bond network leads to the change in transport properties of water-methanol solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Wang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University , Dalian 116622, China
| | - Jin Shi
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guokui Liu
- Key laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yongqin Zhang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University , Dalian 116622, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University , Dalian 116622, China
| | - Shenmin Li
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University , Dalian 116622, China
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34
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Mazzuca JW, Schultz CP. Quantum Mechanical Enhancement of Rate Constants and Kinetic Isotope Effects for Water-Mediated Proton Transfer in a Model Biological System. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:819-826. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b10337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James W. Mazzuca
- Chemistry Department, Alma College, Alma, Michigan 48801, United States
| | - Chase P. Schultz
- Chemistry Department, Alma College, Alma, Michigan 48801, United States
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35
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Sabzyan H, Kowsar M. Molecular dynamics simulations of electric field induced water flow inside a carbon nanotorus: a molecular cyclotron. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:12384-12393. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01270e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A nano-flow is induced by applying gigahertz rotating electric fields (EFs) of different strengths and frequencies on a carbon nanotorus filled with water molecules, using molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sabzyan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Isfahan
- Isfahan
- Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Maryam Kowsar
- Department of Chemistry
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran 19839-63113
- Islamic Republic of Iran
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36
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Lupi L, Peters B, Molinero V. Pre-ordering of interfacial water in the pathway of heterogeneous ice nucleation does not lead to a two-step crystallization mechanism. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:211910. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4961652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lupi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, USA
| | - Baron Peters
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Valeria Molinero
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, USA
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37
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Trick JL, Chelvaniththilan S, Klesse G, Aryal P, Wallace EJ, Tucker SJ, Sansom MSP. Functional Annotation of Ion Channel Structures by Molecular Simulation. Structure 2016; 24:2207-2216. [PMID: 27866853 PMCID: PMC5145807 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels play key roles in cell membranes, and recent advances are yielding an increasing number of structures. However, their functional relevance is often unclear and better tools are required for their functional annotation. In sub-nanometer pores such as ion channels, hydrophobic gating has been shown to promote dewetting to produce a functionally closed (i.e., non-conductive) state. Using the serotonin receptor (5-HT3R) structure as an example, we demonstrate the use of molecular dynamics to aid the functional annotation of channel structures via simulation of the behavior of water within the pore. Three increasingly complex simulation analyses are described: water equilibrium densities; single-ion free-energy profiles; and computational electrophysiology. All three approaches correctly predict the 5-HT3R crystal structure to represent a functionally closed (i.e., non-conductive) state. We also illustrate the application of water equilibrium density simulations to annotate different conformational states of a glycine receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemma L Trick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Sivapalan Chelvaniththilan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Gianni Klesse
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Prafulla Aryal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK; OXION Initiative in Ion Channels and Disease, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Stephen J Tucker
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK; OXION Initiative in Ion Channels and Disease, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark S P Sansom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; OXION Initiative in Ion Channels and Disease, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Xiao K, Zhou Y, Kong XY, Xie G, Li P, Zhang Z, Wen L, Jiang L. Electrostatic-Charge- and Electric-Field-Induced Smart Gating for Water Transportation. ACS NANO 2016; 10:9703-9709. [PMID: 27648730 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Regulating and controlling the transport of water across nanochannels is of great importance in both fundamental research and practical applications because it is difficult to externally control water flow through nanochannels as in biological channels. To date, only a few hydrophobic nanochannels controlling the transport of water have been reported, all of which use exotic hydrophobic molecules. However, the effect of electrostatic charges, which plays an indispensable role in membrane proteins and dominates the energetics of water permeation across aquaporins, has not gained enough attention to control water transport through a solid-state nanochannel/nanopore. Here, we report electrostatic-charge-induced water gating of a single ion track-etched sub-10 nm channel. This system can directly realize the gating transition between an open, conductive state and a closed, nonconductive state by regulating the surface charge density through a process that involves alternating capillary evaporation and capillary condensation. Compared to the introduction of exotic hydrophobic molecules, water gating controlled by electrostatic charges is simple, convenient, and effective. Such a system anticipates potential applications including desalination, controllable valves, and drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, and ‡Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahong Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, and ‡Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Yu Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, and ‡Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Ganhua Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, and ‡Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, and ‡Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, and ‡Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Wen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, and ‡Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, and ‡Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
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Gavara R, Compañ V. Oxygen, water, and sodium chloride transport in soft contact lenses materials. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 105:2218-2231. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Gavara
- Packaging Group, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), Avda, Agustín Escardino; 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Vicente Compañ
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Departamento de Termodinámica Aplicada; Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de vera s/n; 46020 Valencia Spain
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Garate JA, Perez-Acle T. From dimers to collective dipoles: Structure and dynamics of methanol/ethanol partition by narrow carbon nanotubes. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:064105. [PMID: 26874480 DOI: 10.1063/1.4941331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol partitioning by narrow single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) holds the promise for the development of novel nanodevices for diverse applications. Consequently, in this work, the partition of small alcohols by narrow tubes was kinetically and structurally quantified via molecular dynamics simulations. Alcohol partitioning is a fast process in the order of 10 ns for diluted solutions but the axial-diffusivity within SWCNT is greatly diminished being two to three orders of magnitude lower with respect to bulk conditions. Structurally, alcohols form a single-file conformation under confinement and more interestingly, they exhibit a pore-width dependent transition from dipole dimers to a single collective dipole, for both methanol and ethanol. Energetic analyses demonstrate that this transition is the result of a detailed balance between dispersion and electrostatics interactions, with the latter being more pronounced for collective dipoles. This transition fully modifies the reorientational dynamics of the loaded particles, generating stable collective dipoles that could find usage in signal-amplification devices. Overall, the results herein have shown distinct physico-chemical features of confined alcohols and are a further step towards the understanding and development of novel nanofluidics within SWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Garate
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Fundación Ciencia and Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tomas Perez-Acle
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Fundación Ciencia and Vida, Santiago, Chile
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Picaud F, Paris G, Gharbi T, Balme S, Lepoitevin M, Tangaraj V, Bechelany M, Janot JM, Balanzat E, Henn F. Biomimetic solution against dewetting in a highly hydrophobic nanopore. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:4903-4911. [PMID: 27157717 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00315j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A water molecule is the foundation of life and is the primary compound in every living system. While many of its properties are understood in a bulk solvent, its behavior in a small hydrophobic nanopore still raises fundamental questions. For instance, a wetting/dewetting transition in a hydrophobic solid-state or a polymer nanopore occurs stochastically and can only be prevented by external physical stimuli. Controlling these transitions would be a primary requirement to improve many applications. Some biological channels, such as gramicidin A (gA) proteins, show a high rate of water and ion diffusion in their central subnanochannel while their external surface is highly hydrophobic. The diameter of this channel is significantly smaller than the inner size of the lowest artificial nanopore in which water drying occurs (i.e. 1.4 nm). In this paper, we propose an innovative idea to generate nanopore wetting as a result of which the application of an external field is no longer required. In a nanopore, the drying or wetting of the inner walls occurs randomly (in experiments and in simulations). However, we have shown how the confinement of gA, in a dried hydrophobic nanopore, rapidly generates a stable wetting of the latter. We believe that this simple idea, based on biomimetism, could represent a real breakthrough that could help to improve and develop new nanoscale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Picaud
- Laboratoire de Nanomédecine, Imagerie et Thérapeutique, EA 4662, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 16 route de Gray, 25030 Besançon cedex, France.
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Lei S, Paulus B, Li S, Schmidt B. Curvature-dependent adsorption of water inside and outside armchair carbon nanotubes. J Comput Chem 2016; 37:1313-20. [PMID: 26988176 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The curvature dependence of the physisorption properties of a water molecule inside and outside an armchair carbon nanotube (CNT) is investigated by an incremental density-fitting local coupled cluster treatment with single and double excitations and perturbative triples (DF-LCCSD(T)) study. Our results show that a water molecule outside and inside (n, n) CNTs (n = 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10) is stabilized by electron correlation. The adsorption energy of water inside CNTs decreases quickly with the decrease of curvature (increase of radius) and the configuration with the oxygen pointing toward the CNT wall is the most stable one. However, when the water molecule is adsorbed outside the CNT, the adsorption energy varies only slightly with the curvature and the configuration with hydrogens pointing toward the CNT wall is the most stable one. We also use the DF-LCCSD(T) results to parameterize Lennard-Jones (LJ) force fields for the interaction of water both with the inner and outer sides of CNTs and with graphene representing the zero curvature limit. It is not possible to reproduce all DF-LCCSD(T) results for water inside and outside CNTs of different curvature by a single set of LJ parameters, but two sets have to be used instead. Each of the two resulting sets can reproduce three out of four minima of the effective potential curves reasonably well. These LJ models are then used to calculate the water adsorption energies of larger CNTs, approaching the graphene limit, thus bridging the gap between CNTs of increasing radius and flat graphene sheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulai Lei
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, D-14195, Germany
| | - Beate Paulus
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, D-14195, Germany
| | - Shujuan Li
- Institut Für Mathematik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 6, Berlin, D-14195, Germany
| | - Burkhard Schmidt
- Institut Für Mathematik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 6, Berlin, D-14195, Germany
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Ritos K, Borg MK, Mottram NJ, Reese JM. Electric fields can control the transport of water in carbon nanotubes. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2016; 374:rsta.2015.0025. [PMID: 26712640 PMCID: PMC4696074 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The properties of water confined inside nanotubes are of considerable scientific and technological interest. We use molecular dynamics to investigate the structure and average orientation of water flowing within a carbon nanotube. We find that water exhibits biaxial paranematic liquid crystal ordering both within the nanotube and close to its ends. This preferred molecular ordering is enhanced when an axial electric field is applied, affecting the water flow rate through the nanotube. A spatially patterned electric field can minimize nanotube entrance effects and significantly increase the flow rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Ritos
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK
| | - Matthew K Borg
- School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK
| | - Nigel J Mottram
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XH, UK
| | - Jason M Reese
- School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK
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English NJ, Waldron CJ. Perspectives on external electric fields in molecular simulation: progress, prospects and challenges. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 17:12407-40. [PMID: 25903011 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00629e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this review, the application of a wide variety of external electric fields in molecular simulation shall be discussed, including time-varying and electromagnetic, as well as the utility and potential impact and prospects for exploitation of such simulations for real-world and industrial end use. In particular, non-equilibrium molecular dynamics will be discussed, as well as challenges in addressing adequate thermostatting and scaling field amplitudes to more experimentally relevant levels. Attention shall be devoted to recent progress and advances in external fields in ab initio molecular simulation and dynamics, as well as elusive challenges thereof (and, to some extent, for molecular dynamics from empirical potentials), such as timescales required to observe low-frequency and intensity field effects. The challenge of deterministic molecular dynamics in external fields in sampling phase space shall be discussed, along with prospects for application of fields in enhanced-sampling simulations. Finally, the application of external electric fields to a wide variety of aqueous, nanoscale and biological systems will be discussed, often motivated by the possibility of exploitation in real-world applications, which serve to underpin our molecular-level understanding of field effects in terms of microscopic mechanisms, and possibly with a view to control thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall J English
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Kayal A, Chandra A. Wetting and dewetting of narrow hydrophobic channels by orthogonal electric fields: Structure, free energy, and dynamics for different water models. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:224708. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4936939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Kayal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Amalendu Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
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Takaiwa D, Yamamoto E, Yasuoka K. Water–methanol separation with carbon nanotubes and electric fields. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:12659-12665. [PMID: 26397004 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02182k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Methanol is used in various applications, such as fuel for transportation vehicles, fuel cells, and in chemical industrial processes. Conventionally, separation of methanol from aqueous solution is by distillation. However, this method consumes a large amount of energy; hence development of a new method is needed. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the effect of an electric field on water–methanol separation by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with diameters of 0.81 to 4.07 nm. Without an electric field, methanol molecules fill the CNTs in preference to water molecules. The preference of methanol to occupy the CNTs over water results in a separation effect. This separation effect is strong for small CNT diameters and significantly decreases with increasing diameter. In contrast, under an electric field, water molecules strongly prefer to occupy the CNTs over methanol molecules, resulting in a separation effect for water. More interestingly, the separation effect for water does not decrease with increasing CNT diameter. Formation of water structures in CNTs induced by an electric field has an important role in the separation of water from methanol.
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Winarto, Takaiwa D, Yamamoto E, Yasuoka K. Structures of water molecules in carbon nanotubes under electric fields. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:124701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4914462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Winarto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takaiwa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Eiji Yamamoto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kenji Yasuoka
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Sahu P, Ali SM, Shenoy KT. Thermodynamics of fluid conduction through hydrophobic channel of carbon nanotubes: The exciting force for filling of nanotubes with polar and nonpolar fluids. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:074501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4908051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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