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Burrow TG, Alcock NM, Huzan MS, Dunstan MA, Seed JA, Detlefs B, Glatzel P, Hunault MOJY, Bendix J, Pedersen KS, Baker ML. Determination of Uranium Central-Field Covalency with 3 d4 f Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:22570-22582. [PMID: 39083620 PMCID: PMC11328134 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the nature of metal-ligand bonding is a major challenge in actinide chemistry. We present a new experimental strategy for addressing this challenge using actinide 3d4f resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS). Through a systematic study of uranium(IV) halide complexes, [UX6]2-, where X = F, Cl, or Br, we identify RIXS spectral satellites with relative energies and intensities that relate to the extent of uranium-ligand bond covalency. By analyzing the spectra in combination with ligand field density functional theory we find that the sensitivity of the satellites to the nature of metal-ligand bonding is due to the reduction of 5f interelectron repulsion and 4f-5f spin-exchange, caused by metal-ligand orbital mixing and the degree of 5f radial expansion, known as central-field covalency. Thus, this study furthers electronic structure quantification that can be obtained from 3d4f RIXS, demonstrating it as a technique for estimating actinide-ligand covalency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy G Burrow
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
- The University of Manchester at Harwell, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, OX11 0DE, U.K
- Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Nathan M Alcock
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
- The University of Manchester at Harwell, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, OX11 0DE, U.K
- Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Myron S Huzan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
- The University of Manchester at Harwell, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, OX11 0DE, U.K
- Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Maja A Dunstan
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - John A Seed
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
- Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Blanka Detlefs
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Pieter Glatzel
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Jesper Bendix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, 1172 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper S Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Michael L Baker
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
- The University of Manchester at Harwell, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, OX11 0DE, U.K
- Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
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2
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Faizova R, Fadaei‐Tirani F, Chauvin A, Mazzanti M. Synthesis and Characterization of Water Stable Uranyl(V) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Radmila Faizova
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei‐Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Anne‐Sophie Chauvin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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3
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Faizova R, Fadaei‐Tirani F, Chauvin A, Mazzanti M. Synthesis and Characterization of Water Stable Uranyl(V) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8227-8235. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Radmila Faizova
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei‐Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Anne‐Sophie Chauvin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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4
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Edelstein NM, Lukens WW. f-Orbital Mixing in the Octahedral f 2 Compounds UX 62- [X = F, Br, Cl, I] and PrCl 63. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:4253-4262. [PMID: 32354208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how interactions between the f orbitals and ligand orbitals in lanthanide and actinide systems affect their physical properties is the central issue in f-element chemistry. A wide variety of approaches including both theoretical and experimental tools have been used to study these relationships. Among the most widely used tools has been crystal field theory (CFT), which bridges theory and experiment in that it is a model based largely on atomic theory that is parametrized using experimental data. Crystal field theory is quite accurate for the lanthanides, due in part to the highly contracted nature of the 4f orbitals. For actinides, crystal field theory is less accurate, potentially due to the treatment of orbital mixing. In CFT, orbital mixing is handled implicitly by allowing the electron repulsion parameters (Slater Fk parameters) and the spin-orbit coupling constant to vary. As a result, orbital mixing in CFT is isotropic in that the Fk parameters and the spin-orbit coupling constant affect all f orbitals equally. This approximation works well for the lanthanides due to the limited degree of orbital mixing in these complexes. In actinide complexes, the 5f orbitals have greater overlap with the ligand orbitals, and this approximation is less accurate than in the lanthanides. Here, we report a modification of CFT that includes the effect of orbital mixing on electron repulsion and spin-orbit coupling for each f orbital. The model is applied to the tetravalent uranium hexahalide dianions and PrCl63- for which the energies of many low-lying excited states are known. The new model generally fits the data as well the traditional CFT although with fewer parameters. However, the new model does not fit the data better than the more complex CFT models of Faucher and co-workers. The results of the model show in detail how changes in overlap and orbital energies influence the energies of the bonding and antibonding orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman M Edelstein
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Wayne W Lukens
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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5
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Pedersen KS, Meihaus KR, Rogalev A, Wilhelm F, Aravena D, Amoza M, Ruiz E, Long JR, Bendix J, Clérac R. [UF
6
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2−
: A Molecular Hexafluorido Actinide(IV) Complex with Compensating Spin and Orbital Magnetic Moments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kasper S. Pedersen
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031 33600 Pessac France
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Katie R. Meihaus
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Andrei Rogalev
- ESRF–The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs 38000 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Fabrice Wilhelm
- ESRF–The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs 38000 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Daniel Aravena
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales Facultad de Química y Biología Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH) Casilla 40, Correo 33 Santiago Chile
| | - Martín Amoza
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional Universitat de Barcelona Diagonal 645 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Eliseo Ruiz
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional Universitat de Barcelona Diagonal 645 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jeffrey R. Long
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Jesper Bendix
- Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Rodolphe Clérac
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031 33600 Pessac France
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Pedersen KS, Meihaus KR, Rogalev A, Wilhelm F, Aravena D, Amoza M, Ruiz E, Long JR, Bendix J, Clérac R. [UF 6 ] 2- : A Molecular Hexafluorido Actinide(IV) Complex with Compensating Spin and Orbital Magnetic Moments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15650-15654. [PMID: 31290580 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The first structurally characterized hexafluorido complex of a tetravalent actinide ion, the [UF6 ]2- anion, is reported in the (NEt4 )2 [UF6 ]⋅2 H2 O salt (1). The weak magnetic response of 1 results from both UIV spin and orbital contributions, as established by combining X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectroscopy and bulk magnetization measurements. The spin and orbital moments are virtually identical in magnitude, but opposite in sign, resulting in an almost perfect cancellation, which is corroborated by ab initio calculations. This work constitutes the first experimental demonstration of a seemingly non-magnetic molecular actinide complex carrying sizable spin and orbital magnetic moments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper S Pedersen
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, 33600, Pessac, France.,Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Katie R Meihaus
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Andrei Rogalev
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Fabrice Wilhelm
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Daniel Aravena
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martín Amoza
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eliseo Ruiz
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jeffrey R Long
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jesper Bendix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rodolphe Clérac
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, 33600, Pessac, France
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7
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Yeon J, Smith MD, Tapp J, Möller A, zur Loye HC. Mild Hydrothermal Crystal Growth, Structure, and Magnetic Properties of Ternary U(IV) Containing Fluorides: LiUF5, KU2F9, K7U6F31, RbUF5, RbU2F9, and RbU3F13. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:6289-98. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5008507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeongho Yeon
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Mark D. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Joshua Tapp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Angela Möller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Hans-Conrad zur Loye
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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Danilo C, Vallet V, Flament JP, Wahlgren U. Effects of the first hydration sphere and the bulk solvent on the spectra of the f2isoelectronic actinide compounds: U4+, NpO2+, and PuO22+. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:1116-30. [DOI: 10.1039/b914222c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Danilo C, Vallet V, Flament JP, Wahlgren U. Spin-orbit configuration interaction study of the electronic structure of the 5f2 manifold of U4+ and the 5f manifold of U5+. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:154310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2888560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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Gomes ASP, Jacob CR, Visscher L. Calculation of local excitations in large systems by embedding wave-function theory in density-functional theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:5353-62. [DOI: 10.1039/b805739g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Ordejón B, Seijo L, Barandiarán Z. Geometry and electronic structure of impurity-trapped excitons in Cs2GeF6:U4+ crystals. The 5f17s1 manifold. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:194712. [PMID: 17523833 DOI: 10.1063/1.2736703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Excitons trapped at impurity centers in highly ionic crystals were first described by McClure and Pedrini [Phys. Rev. B 32, 8465 (1985)] as excited states consisting of a bound electron-hole pair with the hole localized on the impurity and the electron on nearby lattice sites, and a very short impurity-ligand bond length. In this work the authors present a detailed microscopic characterization of impurity-trapped excitons in U(4+)-doped Cs(2)GeF(6). Their electronic structure has been studied by means of relativistic ab initio model potential embedded cluster calculations on (UF(6))(2-) and (UF(6)Cs(8))(6+) clusters embedded in Cs(2)GeF(6), in combination with correlation methods based on multireference wave functions. The local geometry of the impurity-trapped excitons, their potential energy curves, and their multielectronic wave functions have been obtained as direct, nonempirical results of the methods. The calculated excited states appear to be significantly delocalized outside the UF(6) volume and their U-F bond length turns out to be very short, closer to that of a pentavalent uranium defect than to that of a tetravalent uranium defect. The wave functions of these excited states show a dominant U 5f(1)7s(1) configuration character. This result has never been anticipated by simpler models and reveals the unprecedented ability of diffuse orbitals of f-element impurities to act as electron traps in ionic crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Ordejón
- Departamento de Química, C-XIV, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Ordejón B, Karbowiak M, Seijo L, Barandiarán Z. The 5f2→5f16d1 absorption spectrum of Cs2GeF6:U4+ crystals: A quantum chemical and experimental study. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:074511. [PMID: 16942355 DOI: 10.1063/1.2336427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Single crystals of U(4+)-doped Cs2GeF6 with 1% U4+ concentration have been obtained by the modified Bridgman-Stockbarger method in spite of the large difference in ionic radii between Ge4+ and U4+ in octahedral coordination. Their UV absorption spectrum has been recorded at 7 K, between 190 and 350 nm; it consists of a first broad and intense band peaking at about 38,000 cm(-1) followed by a number of broad bands of lower intensity from 39,000 to 45,000 cm(-1). None of the bands observed shows appreciable fine vibronic structure, so that the energies of experimental electronic origins cannot be deduced and the assignment of the experimental spectrum using empirical methods based on crystal field theory cannot be attempted. Alternatively, the profile of the absorption spectrum has been obtained theoretically using the U-F bond lengths and totally symmetric vibrational frequencies of the ground 5f2 - 1A(1g) and 5f16d(t(2g))1 - iT(1u) excited states, their energy differences, and their corresponding electric dipole transition moments calculated using the relativistic ab initio model potential embedded cluster method. The calculations suggest that the observed bands are associated with the lowest five 5f2 - 1A(1g)-->5f16d(t(2g))1 - iT(1u) (i = 1-5) dipole allowed electronic origins and their vibrational progressions. In particular, the first broad and intense band peaking at about 38,000 cm(-1) can be safely assigned to the 0-0 and 0-1 members of the a(1g) progression of the 5f2 - 1A(1g)-->5f16d(t(2g))1 - 1T(1u) electronic origin. The electronic structure of all the states with main configurational character 5f16d(t(2g))1 has been calculated as well. The results show that the lowest crystal level of this manifold is 5f16d(t(2g))1 - 1E(u) and lies about 6200 cm(-1) above the 5f2 level closest in energy, which amounts to some 11 vibrational quanta. This large energy gap could result in low nonradiative decay and efficient UV emission, which suggest the interest of investigating further this new material as a potential UV solid state laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Ordejón
- Departamento de Química, C-XIV, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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