1
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Bassani CL, van Anders G, Banin U, Baranov D, Chen Q, Dijkstra M, Dimitriyev MS, Efrati E, Faraudo J, Gang O, Gaston N, Golestanian R, Guerrero-Garcia GI, Gruenwald M, Haji-Akbari A, Ibáñez M, Karg M, Kraus T, Lee B, Van Lehn RC, Macfarlane RJ, Mognetti BM, Nikoubashman A, Osat S, Prezhdo OV, Rotskoff GM, Saiz L, Shi AC, Skrabalak S, Smalyukh II, Tagliazucchi M, Talapin DV, Tkachenko AV, Tretiak S, Vaknin D, Widmer-Cooper A, Wong GCL, Ye X, Zhou S, Rabani E, Engel M, Travesset A. Nanocrystal Assemblies: Current Advances and Open Problems. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14791-14840. [PMID: 38814908 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
We explore the potential of nanocrystals (a term used equivalently to nanoparticles) as building blocks for nanomaterials, and the current advances and open challenges for fundamental science developments and applications. Nanocrystal assemblies are inherently multiscale, and the generation of revolutionary material properties requires a precise understanding of the relationship between structure and function, the former being determined by classical effects and the latter often by quantum effects. With an emphasis on theory and computation, we discuss challenges that hamper current assembly strategies and to what extent nanocrystal assemblies represent thermodynamic equilibrium or kinetically trapped metastable states. We also examine dynamic effects and optimization of assembly protocols. Finally, we discuss promising material functions and examples of their realization with nanocrystal assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos L Bassani
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Greg van Anders
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Uri Banin
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Dmitry Baranov
- Division of Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Qian Chen
- University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Marjolein Dijkstra
- Soft Condensed Matter & Biophysics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael S Dimitriyev
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Efi Efrati
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Jordi Faraudo
- Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oleg Gang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Nicola Gaston
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ramin Golestanian
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPI-DS), 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
| | - G Ivan Guerrero-Garcia
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78295 San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Michael Gruenwald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Amir Haji-Akbari
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Maria Ibáñez
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Matthias Karg
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM - Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Saarland University, Colloid and Interface Chemistry, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Reid C Van Lehn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53717, USA
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Bortolo M Mognetti
- Center for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex Systems, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arash Nikoubashman
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Saeed Osat
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPI-DS), 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Grant M Rotskoff
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Leonor Saiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - An-Chang Shi
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Sara Skrabalak
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Ivan I Smalyukh
- Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City 739-0046, Japan
| | - Mario Tagliazucchi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
| | - Dmitri V Talapin
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Alexei V Tkachenko
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - David Vaknin
- Iowa State University and Ames Lab, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Asaph Widmer-Cooper
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Gerard C L Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xingchen Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Shan Zhou
- Department of Nanoscience and Biomedical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - Eran Rabani
- Department of Chemistry, University of California and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center of Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Michael Engel
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alex Travesset
- Iowa State University and Ames Lab, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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2
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Iida Y, Hiratsuka T, Miyahara MT, Watanabe S. Mechanism of Nucleation Pathway Selection in Binary Lennard-Jones Solution: A Combined Study of Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Free Energy Analysis. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:3524-3533. [PMID: 37027488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
The nucleation process, which is the initial step in particle synthesis, determines the properties of the resultant particles. Although recent studies have observed various nucleation pathways, the physical factors that determine these pathways have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we conducted molecular dynamics simulations in a binary Lennard-Jones system as a model solution and found that the nucleation pathway can be classified into four types depending on microscopic interactions. The key parameters are (1) the strength of the solute-solute interaction and (2) the difference between the strengths of the like-pair and unlike-pair interactions. The increment of the former alters the nucleation mechanism from a two-step to a one-step pathway, whereas that of the latter causes quick assembly of solutes. Moreover, we developed a thermodynamic model based on the formation of core-shell nuclei to calculate the free energy landscapes. Our model successfully described the pathway observed in the simulations and demonstrated that the two parameters, (1) and (2), define the degree of supercooling and supersaturation, respectively. Thus, our model interpreted the microscopic insights from a macroscopic point of view. Because the only inputs required for our model are the interaction parameters, our model can a priori predict the nucleation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Iida
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsumasa Hiratsuka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Minoru T Miyahara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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3
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Herranz M, Benito J, Foteinopoulou K, Karayiannis NC, Laso M. Polymorph Stability and Free Energy of Crystallization of Freely-Jointed Polymers of Hard Spheres. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061335. [PMID: 36987117 PMCID: PMC10058036 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The free energy of crystallization of monomeric hard spheres as well as their thermodynamically stable polymorph have been known for several decades. In this work, we present semianalytical calculations of the free energy of crystallization of freely-jointed polymers of hard spheres as well as of the free energy difference between the hexagonal closed packed (HCP) and face-centered cubic (FCC) polymorphs. The phase transition (crystallization) is driven by an increase in translational entropy that is larger than the loss of conformational entropy of chains in the crystal with respect to chains in the initial amorphous phase. The conformational entropic advantage of the HCP polymer crystal over the FCC one is found to be ΔschHCP-FCC≈0.331×10-5k per monomer (expressed in terms of Boltzmann's constant k). This slight conformational entropic advantage of the HCP crystal of chains is by far insufficient to compensate for the larger translational entropic advantage of the FCC crystal, which is predicted to be the stable one. The calculated overall thermodynamic advantage of the FCC over the HCP polymorph is supported by a recent Monte Carlo (MC) simulation on a very large system of 54 chains of 1000 hard sphere monomers. Semianalytical calculations using results from this MC simulation yield in addition a value of the total crystallization entropy for linear, fully flexible, athermal polymers of Δs≈0.93k per monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Herranz
- Institute for Optoelectronic Systems and Microtechnology (ISOM) and Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales (ETSII), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Benito
- Institute for Optoelectronic Systems and Microtechnology (ISOM) and Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales (ETSII), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Katerina Foteinopoulou
- Institute for Optoelectronic Systems and Microtechnology (ISOM) and Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales (ETSII), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nikos Ch Karayiannis
- Institute for Optoelectronic Systems and Microtechnology (ISOM) and Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales (ETSII), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Laso
- Institute for Optoelectronic Systems and Microtechnology (ISOM) and Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales (ETSII), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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4
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Herranz M, Foteinopoulou K, Karayiannis NC, Laso M. Polymorphism and Perfection in Crystallization of Hard Sphere Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204435. [PMID: 36298013 PMCID: PMC9612263 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We present results on polymorphism and perfection, as observed in the spontaneous crystallization of freely jointed polymers of hard spheres, obtained in an unprecedentedly long Monte Carlo (MC) simulation on a system of 54 chains of 1000 monomers. Starting from a purely amorphous configuration, after an initial dominance of the hexagonal closed packed (HCP) polymorph and a transitory random hexagonal close packed (rHCP) morphology, the system crystallizes in a final, stable, face centered cubic (FCC) crystal of very high perfection. An analysis of chain conformational characteristics, of the spatial distribution of monomers and of the volume accessible to them shows that the phase transition is caused by an increase in translational entropy that is larger than the loss of conformational entropy of the chains in the crystal, compared to the amorphous state. In spite of the significant local re-arrangements, as reflected in the bending and torsion angle distributions, the average chain size remains unaltered during crystallization. Polymers in the crystal adopt ideal random walk statistics as their great length renders local conformational details, imposed by the geometry of the FCC crystal, irrelevant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nikos Ch. Karayiannis
- Correspondence: (N.C.K.); (M.L.); Tel.: +34-910677318 (N.C.K.); +34-910677320 (M.L.)
| | - Manuel Laso
- Correspondence: (N.C.K.); (M.L.); Tel.: +34-910677318 (N.C.K.); +34-910677320 (M.L.)
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5
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Calculation of interfacial free energy for binary hard sphere mixtures. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s43538-022-00108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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6
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Smallenburg F. Efficient event-driven simulations of hard spheres. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2022; 45:22. [PMID: 35274181 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-022-00180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hard spheres are arguably one of the most fundamental model systems in soft matter physics, and hence a common topic of simulation studies. Event-driven simulation methods provide an efficient method for studying the phase behavior and dynamics of hard spheres under a wide range of different conditions. Here, we examine the impact of several optimization strategies for speeding up event-driven molecular dynamics of hard spheres and present a light-weight simulation code that outperforms existing simulation codes over a large range of system sizes and packing fractions. The presented differences in simulation speed, typically a factor of five to ten, save significantly on both CPU time and energy consumption and may be a crucial factor for studying slow processes such as crystal nucleation and glassy dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Smallenburg
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
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7
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Machine-Learned Free Energy Surfaces for Capillary Condensation and Evaporation in Mesopores. ENTROPY 2022; 24:e24010097. [PMID: 35052123 PMCID: PMC8774451 DOI: 10.3390/e24010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Using molecular simulations, we study the processes of capillary condensation and capillary evaporation in model mesopores. To determine the phase transition pathway, as well as the corresponding free energy profile, we carry out enhanced sampling molecular simulations using entropy as a reaction coordinate to map the onset of order during the condensation process and of disorder during the evaporation process. The structural analysis shows the role played by intermediate states, characterized by the onset of capillary liquid bridges and bubbles. We also analyze the dependence of the free energy barrier on the pore width. Furthermore, we propose a method to build a machine learning model for the prediction of the free energy surfaces underlying capillary phase transition processes in mesopores.
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8
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Sanchez-Burgos I, Sanz E, Vega C, Espinosa JR. Fcc vs. hcp competition in colloidal hard-sphere nucleation: on their relative stability, interfacial free energy and nucleation rate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:19611-19626. [PMID: 34524277 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01784e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hard-sphere crystallization has been widely investigated over the last six decades by means of colloidal suspensions and numerical methods. However, some aspects of its nucleation behaviour are still under debate. Here, we provide a detailed computational characterisation of the polymorphic nucleation competition between the face-centered cubic (fcc) and the hexagonal-close packed (hcp) hard-sphere crystal phases. By means of several state-of-the-art simulation techniques, we evaluate the melting pressure, chemical potential difference, interfacial free energy and nucleation rate of these two polymorphs, as well as of a random stacking mixture of both crystals. Our results highlight that, despite the fact that both polymorphs have very similar stability, the interfacial free energy of the hcp phase could be marginally higher than that of the fcc solid, which in consequence, mildly decreases its propensity to nucleate from the liquid compared to the fcc phase. Moreover, we analyse the abundance of each polymorph in grown crystals from different types of inserted nuclei: fcc, hcp and stacking disordered fcc/hcp seeds, as well as from those spontaneously emerged from brute force simulations. We find that post-critical crystals fundamentally grow maintaining the polymorphic structure of the critical nucleus, at least until moderately large sizes, since the only crystallographic orientation that allows stacking close-packed disorder is the fcc (111) plane, or equivalently the hcp (0001) one. Taken together, our results contribute with one more piece to the intricate puzzle of colloidal hard-sphere crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Sanchez-Burgos
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - Eduardo Sanz
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Vega
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge R Espinosa
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
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Blow KE, Quigley D, Sosso GC. The seven deadly sins: When computing crystal nucleation rates, the devil is in the details. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:040901. [PMID: 34340373 DOI: 10.1063/5.0055248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of crystals has proven to be one of the most challenging phase transformations to quantitatively model-let alone to actually understand-be it by means of the latest experimental technique or the full arsenal of enhanced sampling approaches at our disposal. One of the most crucial quantities involved with the crystallization process is the nucleation rate, a single elusive number that is supposed to quantify the average probability for a nucleus of critical size to occur within a certain volume and time span. A substantial amount of effort has been devoted to attempt a connection between the crystal nucleation rates computed by means of atomistic simulations and their experimentally measured counterparts. Sadly, this endeavor almost invariably fails to some extent, with the venerable classical nucleation theory typically blamed as the main culprit. Here, we review some of the recent advances in the field, focusing on a number of perhaps more subtle details that are sometimes overlooked when computing nucleation rates. We believe it is important for the community to be aware of the full impact of aspects, such as finite size effects and slow dynamics, that often introduce inconspicuous and yet non-negligible sources of uncertainty into our simulations. In fact, it is key to obtain robust and reproducible trends to be leveraged so as to shed new light on the kinetics of a process, that of crystal nucleation, which is involved into countless practical applications, from the formulation of pharmaceutical drugs to the manufacturing of nano-electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina E Blow
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - David Quigley
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele C Sosso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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10
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Coli GM, Dijkstra M. An Artificial Neural Network Reveals the Nucleation Mechanism of a Binary Colloidal AB 13 Crystal. ACS NANO 2021; 15:4335-4346. [PMID: 33619953 PMCID: PMC7992132 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal suspensions of two species have the ability to form binary crystals under certain conditions. The hunt for these functional materials and the countless investigations on their formation process are justified by the plethora of synergetic and collective properties these binary superlattices show. Among the many crystal structures observed over the past decades, the highly exotic colloidal icosahedral AB13 crystal was predicted to be stable in binary hard-sphere mixtures nearly 30 years ago, yet the kinetic pathway of how homogeneous nucleation occurs in this system is still unknown. Here we investigate binary nucleation of the AB13 crystal from a binary fluid phase of nearly hard spheres. We calculate the nucleation barrier and nucleation rate as a function of supersaturation and draw a comparison with nucleation of single-component and other binary crystals. To follow the nucleation process, we employ a neural network to identify the AB13 phase from the binary fluid phase and the competing fcc crystal with single-particle resolution and significant accuracy in the case of bulk phases. We show that AB13 crystal nucleation proceeds via a coassembly process where large spheres and icosahedral small-sphere clusters simultaneously attach to the nucleus. Our results lend strong support for a classical pathway that is well-described by classical nucleation theory, even though the binary fluid phase is highly structured and exhibits local regions of high bond orientational order.
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11
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Sanchez-Burgos I, Garaizar A, Vega C, Sanz E, Espinosa JR. Parasitic crystallization of colloidal electrolytes: growing a metastable crystal from the nucleus of a stable phase. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:489-505. [PMID: 33346291 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01680b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal particles have been extensively used to comprehend the main principles governing liquid-crystal nucleation. Multiple mechanisms and frameworks have been proposed, through either experiments or computational approaches, to rationalise the ubiquitous formation of colloidal crystals. In this work, we elucidate the nucleation scenario behind the crystallization of oppositely charged colloids. By performing molecular dynamics simulations of colloidal electrolytes in combination with the Seeding technique, we evaluate the fundamental factors, such as the nucleation rate, free energy barrier, surface tension and kinetic pre-factor, that determine the liquid-to-solid transition of several crystalline polymorphs. Our results show that at a high packing fraction, there is a cross-over between the nucleation of the CsCl structure and that of a substitutionally disordered fcc phase, despite the CuAu crystal being the most stable phase. We demonstrate that the crucial factor in determining which phase nucleates the fastest is the free energy cost of the cluster formation rather than their kinetic ability to grow from the liquid. While at a low packing fraction, the stable phase, CsCl, is the one that nucleates and subsequently grows, we show how at moderate and high packing fractions, a disordered fcc phase subsequently grows regardless of the nature of the nucleating phase, termed parasitic crystallization. Taken together, our results provide a panoramic perspective of the complex nucleation scenario of oppositely charged colloids at moderate temperature and rationalise the different thermodynamic and kinetic aspects behind it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Sanchez-Burgos
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - Adiran Garaizar
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - Carlos Vega
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Sanz
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge R Espinosa
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
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12
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Quintela Matos I, Escobedo F. Congruent phase behavior of a binary compound crystal of colloidal spheres and dimpled cubes. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:214503. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0030174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Quintela Matos
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Fernando Escobedo
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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13
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Schönhöfer PWA, Marechal M, Cleaver DJ, Schröder-Turk GE. Self-assembly and entropic effects in pear-shaped colloid systems. II. Depletion attraction of pear-shaped particles in a hard-sphere solvent. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:034904. [PMID: 32716194 DOI: 10.1063/5.0007287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We consider depletion effects of a pear-shaped colloidal particle in a hard-sphere solvent for two different model realizations of the pear-shaped colloidal particle. The two models are the pear hard Gaussian overlap (PHGO) particles and the hard pears of revolution (HPR). The motivation for this study is to provide a microscopic understanding for the substantially different mesoscopic self-assembly properties of these pear-shaped colloids, in dense suspensions, that have been reported in the previous studies. This is done by determining their differing depletion attractions via Monte Carlo simulations of PHGO and HPR particles in a pool of hard spheres and comparing them with excluded volume calculations of numerically obtained ideal configurations on the microscopic level. While the HPR model behaves as predicted by the analysis of excluded volumes, the PHGO model showcases a preference for splay between neighboring particles, which can be attributed to the special non-additive characteristics of the PHGO contact function. Lastly, we propose a potentially experimentally realizable pear-shaped particle model, the non-additive hard pear of revolution model, which is based on the HPR model but also features non-additive traits similar to those of PHGO particles to mimic their depletion behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp W A Schönhöfer
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia
| | - Matthieu Marechal
- Institut für Theoretische Physik I, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Douglas J Cleaver
- Materials and Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom
| | - Gerd E Schröder-Turk
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia
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14
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Liang Y, Díaz Leines G, Drautz R, Rogal J. Identification of a multi-dimensional reaction coordinate for crystal nucleation in Ni3Al. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:224504. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liang
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Grisell Díaz Leines
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ralf Drautz
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jutta Rogal
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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15
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Bommineni PK, Klement M, Engel M. Spontaneous Crystallization in Systems of Binary Hard Sphere Colloids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:218003. [PMID: 32530682 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.218003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Computer simulations of the fluid-to-solid phase transition in the hard sphere system were instrumental for our understanding of crystallization processes. But while colloid experiments and theory have been predicting the stability of several binary hard sphere crystals for many years, simulations were not successful to confirm this phenomenon. Here, we report the growth of binary hard sphere crystals isostructural to Laves phases, AlB_{2}, and NaZn_{13} in simulation directly from the fluid. We analyze particle kinetics during Laves phase growth using event-driven molecular dynamics simulations with and without swap moves that speed up diffusion. The crystallization process transitions from nucleation and growth to spinodal decomposition already deep within the fluid-solid coexistence regime. Finally, we present packing fraction-size ratio state diagrams in the vicinity of the stability regions of three binary crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen K Bommineni
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marco Klement
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Engel
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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16
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Parreño O, Ramos PM, Karayiannis NC, Laso M. Self-Avoiding Random Walks as a Model to Study Athermal Linear Polymers under Extreme Plate Confinement. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E799. [PMID: 32260075 PMCID: PMC7240602 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, built around chain-connectivity-altering moves and a wall-displacement algorithm, allow us to simulate freely-jointed chains of tangent hard spheres of uniform size under extreme confinement. The latter is realized through the presence of two impenetrable, flat, and parallel plates. Extreme conditions correspond to the case where the distance between the plates approaches the monomer size. An analysis of the local structure, based on the characteristic crystallographic element (CCE) norm, detects crystal nucleation and growth at packing densities well below the ones observed in bulk analogs. In a second step, we map the confined polymer chains into self-avoiding random walks (SAWs) on restricted lattices. We study all realizations of the cubic crystal system: simple, body centered, and face centered cubic crystals. For a given chain size (SAW length), lattice type, origin of SAW, and level of confinement, we enumerate all possible SAWs (equivalently all chain conformations) and calculate the size distribution. Results for intermediate SAW lengths are used to predict the behavior of long, fully entangled chains through growth formulas. The SAW analysis will allow us to determine the corresponding configurational entropy, as it is the driving force for the observed phase transition and the determining factor for the thermodynamic stability of the corresponding crystal morphologies.
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Key Words
- confinement, crystallization, entropy, hard sphere, polymer, random walk, Monte Carlo, phase transition, lattice model, cubic crystal system, direct enumeration
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nikos Ch. Karayiannis
- Institute for Optoelectronic Systems and Microtechnology (ISOM) and Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales (ETSII), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid (UPM), José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (O.P.); (P.M.R.); (M.L.)
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17
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Desgranges C, Delhommelle J. Nucleation of Capillary Bridges and Bubbles in Nanoconfined CO 2. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:15401-15409. [PMID: 31675236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Using molecular simulation, we examine the capillary condensation and the capillary evaporation of CO2 in cylindrical nanopores. More specifically, we employ the recently developed μV T-S method to determine the microscopic mechanism associated with these processes and the corresponding free energy profiles. We calculate the free energy barrier for capillary condensation and identify that the key step consists in the nucleation of a liquid bridge of a critical size. Similarly, the free energy maximum found for the capillary evaporation process is found to correspond to the nucleation of a vapor bubble of a critical size. In addition, we assess the impact of the strength of the wall-fluid on the height of the free energy barrier and on the critical size of liquid bridges (condensation process) and vapor bubbles (evaporation process). We observe that the height of the free energy barrier increases with the strength of the wall-fluid interactions. Finally, we build a theoretical model, based on capillary theory, to rationalize our findings. In particular, the simulation results reveal a linear scaling of the free energy barrier with the critical size, in excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Desgranges
- Department of Chemistry , New York University , New York , New York 10003 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Dakota , Grand Forks , North Dakota 58202 , United States
| | - Jerome Delhommelle
- Department of Chemistry , New York University , New York , New York 10003 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Dakota , Grand Forks , North Dakota 58202 , United States
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18
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Ma Y, Ma K, Wang H, Geng X, Gao J, Zhu Z, Wang Y. QSPR modeling of azeotropic temperatures and compositions for binary azeotropes containing lower alcohols using a genetic function approximation. Chin J Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Borówko M, Rżysko W, Słyk E. Self-assembly in two-dimensional mixtures of Janus disks and isotropic particles. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:044705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5063292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Borówko
- Department for the Modelling of Physico-Chemical Processes, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - W. Rżysko
- Department for the Modelling of Physico-Chemical Processes, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - E. Słyk
- Department for the Modelling of Physico-Chemical Processes, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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20
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Schaertl N, Botin D, Palberg T, Bartsch E. Formation of Laves phases in buoyancy matched hard sphere suspensions. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:5130-5139. [PMID: 29881859 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm02348k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal Laves phases (LPs) are promising precursors for photonic materials. Laves phases have not yet been observed to form in experiments on colloidal suspensions of hard spheres (HS), even though they have been reported in computer simulations. LP formation so far has been achieved only for binary mixtures of colloidal charged spheres or ligand-stabilized nano-particles after drying. Using static light scattering, we monitored LP formation and annealing in a binary mixture of buoyant hard sphere approximants (size ratio Γ = 0.77, number or molar fraction of small spheres xS = 0.76) for volume fractions in the fluid-crystal coexistence regions. All samples spontaneously formed MgZn2 type LPs on the time scale of weeks to months via bulk nucleation and growth. Irrespective of the initial suspension volume fractions, the LP volume fraction at coexistence is ΦCOEX = 0.59 which is significantly below the close packing limit ΦMAX = 0.615 and remarkably close to the expectation from simulation. At low volume fractions, crystals anneal to high quality during coarsening which is in line with recent theoretical expectations for the thermodynamic stability of different LP types. At large volume fractions, however, the diffractograms evolve towards a more MgCu2-like appearance which we attribute to the formation of randomly stacked LPs. Such structures are not known from atomic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Schaertl
- Institut für Makromolekulare Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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21
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Soria GD, Espinosa JR, Ramirez J, Valeriani C, Vega C, Sanz E. A simulation study of homogeneous ice nucleation in supercooled salty water. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:222811. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5008889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guiomar D. Soria
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica I, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge R. Espinosa
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica I, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Ramirez
- Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica Industrial y Medio Ambiente, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Chantal Valeriani
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica I, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisica Aplicada I, Facultad de Ciencias Fisicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Vega
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica I, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Sanz
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica I, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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22
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Liu C, Wood GPF, Santiso EE. Modelling nucleation from solution with the string method in the osmotic ensemble. Mol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1482016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengxiang Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Erik E. Santiso
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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23
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Bommineni PK, Punnathanam SN. Molecular simulation of homogeneous crystal nucleation of AB2 solid phase from a binary hard sphere mixture. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:064504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4997432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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24
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Packing, entropic patchiness, and self-assembly of non-convex colloidal particles: A simulation perspective. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Kozina A, Sagawe D, Díaz-Leyva P, Bartsch E, Palberg T. Correction: Polymer-enforced crystallization of a eutectic binary hard sphere mixture. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:2410. [PMID: 28267177 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm90034a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Correction for 'Polymer-enforced crystallization of a eutectic binary hard sphere mixture' by Anna Kozina et al., Soft Matter, 2012, 8, 627-630.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kozina
- Institut für Makromolekulare Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Sagawe
- Institut für Makromolekulare Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pedro Díaz-Leyva
- Institut für Makromolekulare Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany and Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bartsch
- Institut für Makromolekulare Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany and Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Palberg
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
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26
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Escobedo FA. Effect of inter-species selective interactions on the thermodynamics and nucleation free-energy barriers of a tessellating polyhedral compound. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:211903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4953862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando A. Escobedo
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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27
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Nandi UK, Banerjee A, Chakrabarty S, Bhattacharyya SM. Composition dependence of the glass forming ability in binary mixtures: The role of demixing entropy. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:034503. [PMID: 27448892 DOI: 10.1063/1.4958630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a comparative study of the glass forming ability of binary systems with varying composition, where the systems have similar global crystalline structure (CsCl+fcc). Biased Monte Carlo simulations using umbrella sampling technique show that the free energy cost to create a CsCl nucleus increases as the composition of the smaller particles is decreased. We find that systems with comparatively lower free energy cost to form CsCl nucleus exhibit more pronounced pre-crystalline demixing near the liquid/crystal interface. The structural frustration between the CsCl and fcc crystal demands this demixing. We show that closer to the equimolar mixture, the entropic penalty for demixing is lower and a glass forming system may crystallize when seeded with a nucleus. This entropic penalty as a function of composition shows a non-monotonic behaviour with a maximum at a composition similar to the well known Kob-Anderson (KA) model. Although the KA model shows the maximum entropic penalty and thus maximum frustration against CsCl formation, it also shows a strong tendency towards crystallization into fcc lattice of the larger "A" particles which can be explained from the study of the energetics. Thus for systems closer to the equimolar mixture although it is the requirement of demixing which provides their stability against crystallization, for KA model it is not demixing but slow dynamics and the presence of the "B" particles make it a good glass former. The locally favoured structure around "B" particles is quite similar to the CsCl structure and the incompatibility of CsCl and fcc hinders the fcc structure growth in the KA model. Although the glass forming binary systems studied here are quite similar, differing only in composition, we find that their glass forming ability cannot be attributed to a single phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjwal Kumar Nandi
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Atreyee Banerjee
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Suman Chakrabarty
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
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28
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Sosso G, Chen J, Cox SJ, Fitzner M, Pedevilla P, Zen A, Michaelides A. Crystal Nucleation in Liquids: Open Questions and Future Challenges in Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Chem Rev 2016; 116:7078-116. [PMID: 27228560 PMCID: PMC4919765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The nucleation of crystals in liquids is one of nature's most ubiquitous phenomena, playing an important role in areas such as climate change and the production of drugs. As the early stages of nucleation involve exceedingly small time and length scales, atomistic computer simulations can provide unique insights into the microscopic aspects of crystallization. In this review, we take stock of the numerous molecular dynamics simulations that, in the past few decades, have unraveled crucial aspects of crystal nucleation in liquids. We put into context the theoretical framework of classical nucleation theory and the state-of-the-art computational methods by reviewing simulations of such processes as ice nucleation and the crystallization of molecules in solutions. We shall see that molecular dynamics simulations have provided key insights into diverse nucleation scenarios, ranging from colloidal particles to natural gas hydrates, and that, as a result, the general applicability of classical nucleation theory has been repeatedly called into question. We have attempted to identify the most pressing open questions in the field. We believe that, by improving (i) existing interatomic potentials and (ii) currently available enhanced sampling methods, the community can move toward accurate investigations of realistic systems of practical interest, thus bringing simulations a step closer to experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele
C. Sosso
- Thomas Young Centre, London
Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street WC1E
6BT London, U.K.
| | - Ji Chen
- Thomas Young Centre, London
Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street WC1E
6BT London, U.K.
| | | | - Martin Fitzner
- Thomas Young Centre, London
Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street WC1E
6BT London, U.K.
| | - Philipp Pedevilla
- Thomas Young Centre, London
Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street WC1E
6BT London, U.K.
| | - Andrea Zen
- Thomas Young Centre, London
Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street WC1E
6BT London, U.K.
| | - Angelos Michaelides
- Thomas Young Centre, London
Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street WC1E
6BT London, U.K.
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29
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Bommineni PK, Punnathanam SN. Enhancement of nucleation of protein crystals on nano-wrinkled surfaces. Faraday Discuss 2016; 186:187-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00119f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of high quality protein crystals is essential for determining their structure. Hence the development of strategies to facilitate the nucleation of protein crystals is of prime importance. Recently, Ghatak and Ghatak [Langmuir 2013, 29, 4373] reported heterogeneous nucleation of protein crystals on nano-wrinkled surfaces. Through a series of experiments on different proteins, they were able to obtain high quality protein crystals even at low protein concentrations and sometimes without the addition of a precipitant. In this study, the mechanism of protein crystal nucleation on nano-wrinkled surfaces is studied through Monte Carlo simulations. The wrinkled surface is modeled by a sinusoidal surface. Free-energy barriers for heterogeneous crystal nucleation on flat and wrinkled surfaces are computed and compared. The study reveals that the enhancement of nucleation is closely related to the two step nucleation process seen during protein crystallization. There is an enhancement of protein concentration near the trough of the sinusoidal surface which aids in nucleation. However, the high curvature at the trough acts as a deterrent to crystal nucleus formation. Hence, significant lowering of the free-energy barrier is seen only if the increase in the protein concentration at the trough is very high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen K. Bommineni
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore – 560012
- India
| | - Sudeep N. Punnathanam
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore – 560012
- India
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30
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Poon GG, Peters B. Accelerated Nucleation Due to Trace Additives: A Fluctuating Coverage Model. J Phys Chem B 2015; 120:1679-84. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b08510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey G. Poon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Baron Peters
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
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31
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Zhang K, Fan M, Liu Y, Schroers J, Shattuck MD, O’Hern CS. Beyond packing of hard spheres: The effects of core softness, non-additivity, intermediate-range repulsion, and many-body interactions on the glass-forming ability of bulk metallic glasses. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:184502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4935002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Meng Fan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Jan Schroers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Mark D. Shattuck
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Department of Physics and Benjamin Levich Institute, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
| | - Corey S. O’Hern
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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32
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Crowther P, Turci F, Royall CP. The nature of geometric frustration in the Kob-Andersen mixture. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:044503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4927302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Crowther
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Turci
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - C. Patrick Royall
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Centre for Nanoscience and Quantum Information, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, United Kingdom
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33
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Paricaud P. Extension of the BMCSL equation of state for hard spheres to the metastable disordered region: Application to the SAFT approach. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:044507. [PMID: 26233145 DOI: 10.1063/1.4927148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple modification of the Boublík-Mansoori-Carnahan-Starling-Leland equation of state is proposed for an application to the metastable disordered region. The new model has a positive pole at the jamming limit and can accurately describe the molecular simulation data of pure hard in the stable fluid region and along the metastable branch. The new model has also been applied to binary mixtures hard spheres, and an excellent description of the fluid and metastable branches can be obtained by adjusting the jamming packing fraction. The new model for hard sphere mixtures can be used as the repulsive term of equations of state for real fluids. In this case, the modified equations of state give very similar predictions of thermodynamic properties as the original models, and one can remove the multiple liquid density roots observed for some versions of the Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (SAFT) at low temperature without any modification of the dispersion term.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Paricaud
- Unité de Chimie et Procédés, ENSTA-ParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 828 Boulevard des Maréchaux, 91762 Palaiseau cedex, France
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34
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Karayiannis NC, Foteinopoulou K, Laso M. The role of bond tangency and bond gap in hard sphere crystallization of chains. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:1688-1700. [PMID: 25594158 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02707h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report results from Monte Carlo simulations on dense packings of linear, freely-jointed chains of hard spheres of uniform size. In contrast to our past studies where bonded spheres along the chain backbone were tangent, in the present work a finite tolerance in the bond is allowed. Bond lengths are allowed to fluctuate in the interval [σ, σ + dl], where σ is the sphere diameter. We find that bond tolerance affects the phase behaviour of hard-sphere chains, especially in the close vicinity of the melting transition. First, a critical dl(crit) exists marking the threshold for crystallization, whose value decreases with increasing volume fraction. Second, bond gaps enhance the onset of phase transition by accelerating crystal nucleation and growth. Finally, bond tolerance has an effect on crystal morphologies: in the tangent limit the majority of structures correspond to stack-faulted random hexagonal close packing (rhcp). However, as bond tolerance increases a wealth of diverse structures can be observed: from single fcc (or hcp) crystallites to random hcp/fcc stackings with multiple directions. By extending the simulations over trillions of MC steps (10(12)) we are able to observe crystal-crystal transitions and perfection even for entangled polymer chains in accordance to the Ostwald's rule of stages in crystal polymorphism. Through simple geometric arguments we explain how the presence of rigid or flexible constraints affects crystallization in general atomic and particulate systems. Based on the present results, it can be concluded that proper tuning of bond gaps and of the connectivity network can be a controlling factor for the phase behaviour of model, polymer-based colloidal and granular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Ch Karayiannis
- Institute of Optoelectronics and Microsystems (ISOM) and ETSII, Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, 28028, Spain.
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Poon GG, Seritan S, Peters B. A design equation for low dosage additives that accelerate nucleation. Faraday Discuss 2015; 179:329-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fd00226a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Additives are used to control nucleation in many natural and industrial environments. However, the mechanisms by which additives inhibit or accelerate solute precipitate nucleation are not well understood. We propose an equation that predicts changes in nucleation barriers based on the adsorption properties and concentrations of trace additives. The equation shows that nucleant efficacy depends on the product of an adsorption equilibrium constant and the reduction in interfacial tension. Moreover, the two factors that determine the potency of additives are related to each other, suggesting that assays of just one property might facilitate additive design. We test the design equation for a Potts lattice gas model with surfactant-like additives in addition to solutes and solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey G. Poon
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | - Stefan Seritan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | - Baron Peters
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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Kozina A, Díaz-Leyva P, Palberg T, Bartsch E. Crystallization kinetics of colloidal binary mixtures with depletion attraction. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:9523-9533. [PMID: 25354340 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02193b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work the crystallization kinetics of colloidal binary mixtures with attractive interaction potential (Asakura-Oosawa) has been addressed. Parameters such as fraction of crystals, linear crystal dimension and crystal packing have been quantified in order to understand how the crystal formation is driven in terms of the depth of the attractive potential and the composition of the binary mixture (described by the number ratio). It was found that inside the eutectic triangle, crystallization is mainly governed by nucleation and the crystal packing is close to the close-packing of hard spheres. Moving out from the eutectic triangle towards small component results in the crystallization of small spheres. Enrichment of the eutectic mixture with large component results in the crystallization of both large and small spheres, however, the kinetics are completely different from those of the eutectic composition. Crosslinked polystyrene microgels with nearly hard sphere interactions were used as model systems. Attraction was introduced by addition of linear polystyrene. The time evolution of crystallization has been followed by static light scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kozina
- Institut für Makromolekulare Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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Barnes BC, Knott BC, Beckham GT, Wu DT, Sum AK. Reaction coordinate of incipient methane clathrate hydrate nucleation. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:13236-43. [PMID: 25347748 DOI: 10.1021/jp507959q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nucleation from solution is a ubiquitous phenomenon with relevance to myriad scientific disciplines, including pharmaceuticals, biomineralization, and disease. One prominent example is the nucleation of clathrate hydrates, multicomponent crystalline inclusion compounds relevant to the energy industry where they block pipelines and also constitute a potential vast energy resource. Despite their importance, the molecular mechanism of incipient hydrate formation remains unknown. Herein, we employ advanced molecular simulation tools (pB histogram, equilibrium path sampling) to provide a statistical-mechanical basis for extracting physical insight into the molecular steps by which clathrates form. Through testing the Mutually Coordinated Guest (MCG) order parameter, we demonstrate that both guest (methane) and host (water) structuring are crucial to accurately describe the nucleation of hydrates and determine a critical nucleus size of MCG-1 = 16 at 255 K and 500 bar. Equipped with a validated (and novel) reaction coordinate, subsequent equilibrium path sampling simulations yield the free energy barrier and nucleation rate. The resulting quantitative nucleation process is described by the MCG clustering mechanism. This constitutes a significant advance in the field of hydrates research, as the fitness of a molecular descriptor has never been statistically verified. More broadly, this work has significance to a wide range of multicomponent nucleation contexts wherein the formation mechanism depends on contributions from both solute and solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Barnes
- Center for Hydrate Research, Chemical & Biological Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines , Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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Palberg T. Crystallization kinetics of colloidal model suspensions: recent achievements and new perspectives. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:333101. [PMID: 25035303 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/33/333101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal model systems allow studying crystallization kinetics under fairly ideal conditions, with rather well-characterized pair interactions and minimized external influences. In complementary approaches experiment, analytic theory and simulation have been employed to study colloidal solidification in great detail. These studies were based on advanced optical methods, careful system characterization and sophisticated numerical methods. Over the last decade, both the effects of the type, strength and range of the pair-interaction between the colloidal particles and those of the colloid-specific polydispersity have been addressed in a quantitative way. Key parameters of crystallization have been derived and compared to those of metal systems. These systematic investigations significantly contributed to an enhanced understanding of the crystallization processes in general. Further, new fundamental questions have arisen and (partially) been solved over the last decade: including, for example, a two-step nucleation mechanism in homogeneous nucleation, choice of the crystallization pathway, or the subtle interplay of boundary conditions in heterogeneous nucleation. On the other hand, via the application of both gradients and external fields the competition between different nucleation and growth modes can be controlled and the resulting microstructure be influenced. The present review attempts to cover the interesting developments that have occurred since the turn of the millennium and to identify important novel trends, with particular focus on experimental aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Palberg
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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Li Y, Ren W. Numerical study of vapor condensation on patterned hydrophobic surfaces using the string method. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:9567-9576. [PMID: 25046586 DOI: 10.1021/la5020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Vapor condensation on solid surfaces plays a crucial role across a wide range of industrial applications. Recent advances of nanotechnology have made possible the manipulation of the condensation process through the control of surface structures. In this work, we study vapor condensation on hydrophobic surfaces patterned with microscale pillars. The critical nuclei, the activation barriers, and the minimum energy paths are computed using the climbing string method. The effects of pillar height, interpillar spacing, the level of supersaturation, and the intrinsic wettability of the solid surface on the nucleation process are investigated. Two nucleation scenarios are obtained from the computation. In the case of high pillar, narrow interpillar spacing, low supersaturation, and/or low surface wettability, the critical nucleus prefers the suspended Cassie state; otherwise, it prefers the impaled Wenzel state. A comparison of the nucleation barrier with that on a flat surface of the same material reveals that vapor condensation is inhibited by the microstructures in the former case, while enhanced in the latter case. The critical values of the pillar height, the interpillar spacing, and the supersaturation at which the critical nucleus changes from the Cassie state to the Wenzel state are identified from the phase diagram of the critical nucleus. It is found that the dependence of the critical interpillar spacing on the supersaturation follows closely the curve of the critical radii in a homogeneous nucleation. The relaxation dynamics of the condensate after the critical nucleus is formed is computed by solving the steepest descent equation. It is observed that when the pillar is low and/or the interpillar spacing is wide, a condensate initially in the Cassie state may evolve into the Wenzel state during the relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Li
- Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore , Singapore 119076
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Agarwal V, Peters B. Solute Precipitate Nucleation: A Review of Theory and Simulation Advances. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118755815.ch03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Escobedo FA. Mapping coexistence lines via free-energy extrapolation: Application to order-disorder phase transitions of hard-core mixtures. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:094102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4866764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Agarwal V, Peters B. Nucleation near the eutectic point in a Potts-lattice gas model. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:084111. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4865338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Desgranges C, Delhommelle J. Unraveling the Coupling between Demixing and Crystallization in Mixtures. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:8145-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja500621m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Desgranges
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58201, United States
| | - Jerome Delhommelle
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58201, United States
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Guo Q, Liu Y, Jiang G, Zhang X. Condensation of droplets on nanopillared hydrophobic substrates. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:1182-1188. [PMID: 24652083 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm52260a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Using the constrained lattice density functional theory, we investigated the mechanism of droplet condensation, including droplet nucleation and growth, on nanopillared substrates. We find that similar to a macroscopic droplet on such a substrate, the critical nucleus also exhibits either the Wenzel or Cassie wetting state, depending on both the pillar height and the interpillar spacing. Our calculations show that there exists a critical value of the interpillar spacing, above which the critical nucleus is always in the Wenzel state and the pillared substrate always promotes the nucleation as compared to the smooth substrate, regardless of the pillar height. Below the critical interpillar spacing, however, the pillars always inhibit the nucleation, and the wetting state of the critical nucleus depends on the pillar height. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that the wetting state of the critical nuclei is not necessarily the wetting state of the formed microdroplets: droplets originated from the critical nuclei in the Wenzel state may change into the Cassie state spontaneously during the droplet growth process if the pillar height is greater than a critical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumin Guo
- School of Science, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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Kern JL, Laird BB. Calculation of the interfacial free energy of a binary hard-sphere fluid at a planar hard wall. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:024703. [PMID: 24437898 DOI: 10.1063/1.4858433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using molecular-dynamics simulation and Gibbs-Cahn Integration, we calculate the interfacial free energy γ of a binary hard-sphere fluid mixture at a structureless, planar hard wall. The calculation is performed as a function of packing fraction (density) for several values of the diameter ratio α = σ2∕σ1, where σ1 and σ2 are the diameters of the two particle types in the mixture. Our results are compared to those obtained from the bulk version of the White Bear Mark II (WBII) classical density-functional theory, which is a modification of the Fundamental-Measure Theory of Rosenfeld. The WBII bulk theory is shown to be in very good agreement with the simulation results, with significant deviation only at the very highest packing fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse L Kern
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - Brian B Laird
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
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Zare-Shahabadi V, Lotfizadeh M, Gandomani ARA, Papari MM. Determination of boiling points of azeotropic mixtures using quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) strategy. J Mol Liq 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2013.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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47
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Banerjee A, Chakrabarty S, Bhattacharyya SM. Interplay between crystallization and glass transition in binary Lennard-Jones mixtures. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:104501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4820402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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48
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Guo Q, Liu Y, Jiang G, Zhang X. Cooperative effect in nucleation: Nanosized seed particles jointly nucleate vapor-liquid transitions. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:214701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4807726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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49
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Ganagalla SR, Punnathanam SN. Free energy barriers for homogeneous crystal nucleation in a eutectic system of binary hard spheres. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:174503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4802777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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50
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Liu Y, Men Y, Zhang X. Nucleation mechanism for vapor-to-liquid transition from substrates with nanoscale pores opened at one end. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:104701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4749319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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