1
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Hu G, Liu P, Jensen L. Calculating Molecular Polarizabilities Using Exact Frozen Density Embedding with External Orthogonality. J Chem Theory Comput 2024. [PMID: 39105755 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Frozen density embedding (FDE) with freeze-thaw cycles is a formally exact embedding scheme. In practice, this method is limited to systems with small density overlaps when approximate nonadditive kinetic energy functionals are used. It has been shown that the use of approximate nonadditive kinetic energy functionals can be avoided when external orthogonality (EO) is enforced, and FDE can then generate exact results even for strongly overlapping subsystems. In this work, we present an implementation of exact FDEc-EO (coupled FDE TDDFT with EO) for the calculation of polarizabilities in the Amsterdam density functional program package. EO is enforced using the level-shift projection operator method, which ensures that orbitals between fragments are orthogonal. For pure functionals, we show that only the symmetric EO contributions to the induced density matrix are needed. This leads to a simplified implementation for the calculation of polarizability that can exactly reproduce the supermolecular TDDFT results. We further discuss the limitation of exact FDEc-EO in interpreting subsystem polarizabilities due to the nonunique partitioning of the total density. We show that this limitation is due to the fact that subsystem polarizability partitioning is dependent on how the subsystems are initially polarized. As supermolecular virtual orbitals are exactly reproduced, this dependence is attributed to the description of the occupied orbitals. In contrast, for excitations of subsystems that are localized within one subsystem, we show that the excitation energies are stable with respect to the order of polarization. This observation shows that impacts from the nonunique nature of exact FDE on subsystem properties can be minimized by better fragmentation of the supermolecular systems if the property is localized. For global properties like polarizability, this is not the case, and nonuniqueness remains independent of the fragmentation used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaohe Hu
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Benkovic Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Pengchong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Benkovic Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Lasse Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Benkovic Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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2
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Wei Z, Martirez JMP, Carter EA. Introducing the embedded random phase approximation: H2 dissociative adsorption on Cu(111) as an exemplar. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:194108. [PMID: 37971031 DOI: 10.1063/5.0181229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The random phase approximation (RPA) as a means of treating electron correlation recently has been shown to outperform standard density functional theory (DFT) approximations in a variety of cases. However, the computational cost of the RPA is substantially more than DFT, especially when aiming to study extended surfaces. Properly accounting for sufficient surface ensemble size, Brillouin zone sampling, and vacuum separation of periodic images in standard periodic-planewave-based DFT code raises the cost to achieve converged results. Here, we show that sub-system embedding schemes enable use of the RPA for modeling heterogeneous reactions at reduced computational cost. We explore two different embedded RPA (emb-RPA) approaches, periodic emb-RPA and cluster emb-RPA. We use the (experimentally and theoretically) well-studied H2 dissociative adsorption on Cu(111) as our exemplar, and first perform full periodic RPA calculations as a benchmark. The full RPA results match well the semi-empirical barrier fit to experimental observables and others derived from high-level computations, e.g., from recent embedded n-electron valence second order perturbation theory [Zhao et al., J. Chem. Theory Comput. 16(11), 7078-7088 (2020)] and quantum Monte Carlo [Doblhoff-Dier et al., J. Chem. Theory Comput. 13(7), 3208-3219 (2017)] simulations. Among the two emb-RPA approaches tested, the cluster emb-RPA accurately reproduces the energy profile (maximum error of 50 meV along the reaction pathway) while reducing the computational cost by approximately two orders of magnitude. We therefore expect that the embedded cluster approach will enable wider RPA implementation in heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Wei
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263, USA
| | - John Mark P Martirez
- Applied Materials and Sustainability Sciences, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540-6655, USA
| | - Emily A Carter
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263, USA
- Applied Materials and Sustainability Sciences, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540-6655, USA
- Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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3
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Chakraborty R, Boguslawski K, Tecmer P. Static embedding with pair coupled cluster doubles based methods. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25377-25388. [PMID: 37705409 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02502k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantum embedding methods have recently been significantly developed to model large molecular structures. This work proposes a novel wave function theory in a density functional theory (WTF-in-DFT) embedding scheme based on pair-coupled cluster doubles (pCCD)-type methods. While pCCD can reliably describe strongly-correlated systems with mean-field-like computational cost, the large extent of the dynamic correlation can be accounted for by (linearized) coupled-cluster corrections on top of the pCCD wave function. Here we focus on the linearized coupled-cluster singles and doubles (LCCSD) ansatz for electronic ground states and its extension to excited states within the equation of motion (EOM) formalism. We test our EOM-pCCD-LCCSD-in-DFT approach for the vertical excitation energies of the hydrogen-bonded water-ammonia complex, micro-solvated thymine, and uranyl tetrahalides (UO2X42-, X = F, Cl, Br). Furthermore, we assess the quality of the embedding potential using an orbital entanglement and correlation analysis. The approximate embedding models successfully capture changes in the excitation energies going from bare fragments to supramolecular structures and represent a promising computational method for excited states in large molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Chakraborty
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Katharina Boguslawski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Paweł Tecmer
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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4
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Adsorption energies on transition metal surfaces: towards an accurate and balanced description. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6853. [PMID: 36369277 PMCID: PMC9652424 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34507-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Density functional theory predictions of binding energies and reaction barriers provide invaluable data for analyzing chemical transformations in heterogeneous catalysis. For high accuracy, effects of band structure and coverage, as well as the local bond strength in both covalent and non-covalent interactions, must be reliably described and much focus has been put on improving functionals to this end. Here, we show that a correction from higher-level calculations on small metal clusters can be applied to improve periodic band structure adsorption energies and barriers. We benchmark against 38 reliable experimental covalent and non-covalent adsorption energies and five activation barriers with mean absolute errors of 2.2 kcal mol-1, 2.7 kcal mol-1, and 1.1 kcal mol-1, respectively, which are lower than for functionals widely used and tested for surface science evaluations, such as BEEF-vdW and RPBE.
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5
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De Santis M, Sorbelli D, Vallet V, Gomes ASP, Storchi L, Belpassi L. Frozen-Density Embedding for Including Environmental Effects in the Dirac-Kohn-Sham Theory: An Implementation Based on Density Fitting and Prototyping Techniques. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:5992-6009. [PMID: 36172757 PMCID: PMC9558305 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Frozen density embedding (FDE) represents an embedding scheme in which environmental effects are included from first-principles calculations by considering the surrounding system explicitly by means of its electron density. In the present paper, we extend the full four-component relativistic Dirac-Kohn-Sham (DKS) method, as implemented in the BERTHA code, to include environmental and confinement effects with the FDE scheme (DKS-in-DFT FDE). The implementation, based on the auxiliary density fitting techniques, has been enormously facilitated by BERTHA's python API (PyBERTHA), which facilitates the interoperability with other FDE implementations available through the PyADF framework. The accuracy and numerical stability of this new implementation, also using different auxiliary fitting basis sets, has been demonstrated on the simple NH3-H2O system, in comparison with a reference nonrelativistic implementation. The computational performance has been evaluated on a series of gold clusters (Aun, with n = 2, 4, 8) embedded into an increasing number of water molecules (5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 water molecules). We found that the procedure scales approximately linearly both with the size of the frozen surrounding environment (consistent with the underpinnings of the FDE approach) and with the size of the active system (in line with the use of density fitting). Finally, we applied the code to a series of heavy (Rn) and super-heavy elements (Cn, Fl, Og) embedded in a C60 cage to explore the confinement effect induced by C60 on their electronic structure. We compare the results from our simulations, with respect to more-approximate models employed in the atomic physics literature. Our results indicate that the specific interactions described by FDE are able to improve upon the cruder approximations currently employed, and, thus, they provide a basis from which to generate more-realistic radial potentials for confined atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo De Santis
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523-PhLAM-Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Diego Sorbelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy.,Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Valérie Vallet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523-PhLAM-Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | - Loriano Storchi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy.,Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi 'G. D'Annunzio', Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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6
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Christlmaier EM, Kats D, Alavi A, Usvyat D. Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo treatment of fragments embedded in a periodic mean field. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:154107. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0084040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an embedded fragment approach for high-level quantum chemical calculations on local features in periodic systems. The fragment is defined as a set of localized orbitals (occupied and virtual) corresponding to a converged periodic Hartree-Fock solution. These orbitals serve as the basis for the in-fragment post-Hartree Fock treatment. The embedding field for the fragment, consisting of the Coulomb and exchange potential from the rest of the crystal, is included in the fragment's one-electron Hamiltonian. As an application of the embedded fragment approach we investigate the performanceof full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo (FCIQMC) with the adaptive shift. As the orbital choice we use the natural orbitals from the distinguishable cluster method with singles and doubles. FCIQMC is a stochastic approximation to the full CI method and can be routinely applied to much larger active spaces than the latter. This makes this method especially attractive in the context of open shell defects in crystals, where fragments of adequate size can be ratherlarge. As a test case we consider dissociation of a fluorine atom from a fluorographane surface. This process poses a challenge for high-level electronic structure models as both the static and dynamic correlations are essential here. Furthermore the active space for an adequate fragment (32 electrons in 173 orbitals) is already quite large even for FCIQMC. Despite this, FCIQMC delivers accurate dissociation and total energies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Kats
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Germany
| | - Ali Alavi
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Germany
| | - Denis Usvyat
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
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7
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Mullan T, Maschio L, Saalfrank P, Usvyat D. Reaction barriers on non-conducting surfaces beyond periodic local MP2: Diffusion of hydrogen on \ce{\alpha-Al2O3}(0001) as a test case. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:074109. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0082805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorenzo Maschio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Italy
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam Institut für Chemie, Germany
| | - Denis Usvyat
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
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8
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Hofmann OT, Zojer E, Hörmann L, Jeindl A, Maurer RJ. First-principles calculations of hybrid inorganic-organic interfaces: from state-of-the-art to best practice. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:8132-8180. [PMID: 33875987 PMCID: PMC8237233 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06605b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The computational characterization of inorganic-organic hybrid interfaces is arguably one of the technically most challenging applications of density functional theory. Due to the fundamentally different electronic properties of the inorganic and the organic components of a hybrid interface, the proper choice of the electronic structure method, of the algorithms to solve these methods, and of the parameters that enter these algorithms is highly non-trivial. In fact, computational choices that work well for one of the components often perform poorly for the other. As a consequence, default settings for one materials class are typically inadequate for the hybrid system, which makes calculations employing such settings inefficient and sometimes even prone to erroneous results. To address this issue, we discuss how to choose appropriate atomistic representations for the system under investigation, we highlight the role of the exchange-correlation functional and the van der Waals correction employed in the calculation and we provide tips and tricks how to efficiently converge the self-consistent field cycle and to obtain accurate geometries. We particularly focus on potentially unexpected pitfalls and the errors they incur. As a summary, we provide a list of best practice rules for interface simulations that should especially serve as a useful starting point for less experienced users and newcomers to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver T Hofmann
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 16/II, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Egbert Zojer
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 16/II, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Lukas Hörmann
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 16/II, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Andreas Jeindl
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 16/II, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Reinhard J Maurer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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9
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Ma H, Sheng N, Govoni M, Galli G. Quantum Embedding Theory for Strongly Correlated States in Materials. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:2116-2125. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Nan Sheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Marco Govoni
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Materials Science Division and Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Giulia Galli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Materials Science Division and Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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10
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Fink K, Höfener S. Combining wavefunction frozen-density embedding with one-dimensional periodicity. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:104114. [PMID: 33722017 DOI: 10.1063/5.0041501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the combination of wavefunction frozen-density embedding (FDE) with a periodic repetition in one dimension (1D) for molecular systems in the KOALA program. In this periodic orbital-uncoupled FDE ansatz, no wavefunction overlap is taken into account, and only the electron density of the active subsystem is computed explicitly. This density is relaxed in the presence of the environment potential, which is obtained by translating the updated active subsystem density, yielding a fully self-consistent solution at convergence. Treating only one subsystem explicitly, the method allows for the calculation of local properties in condensed molecular systems, while no orbital band structure is obtained preventing the application, e.g., to systems with metallic bonding. In order to illustrate possible applications of the new implementation, selected case studies are presented, ranging from ground-state dipole moments using configuration interaction methods via excitation energies using time-dependent density-functional theory to ionization potentials obtained from equation-of-motion correlation methods. Different levels of approximations are assessed, revealing that an active subsystem consisting of two or three molecules leads to results that are converged with respect to the environment contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Fink
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3630, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sebastian Höfener
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 6980, 76049 Karlsruhe, Germany
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11
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Schieschke N, Bodenstein T, Höfener S. A Fock-operator complete active space self-consistent field (CAS-SCF) method combined with frozen-density embedding. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:084120. [PMID: 33639751 DOI: 10.1063/5.0037088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the implementation of a Fock-operator complete-active space self-consistent field (CAS-SCF) method combined with frozen-density embedding (FDE) into the KOALA quantum-chemistry program. The implementation is based on configuration interaction from an unrestricted reference determinant and is able to treat electronic configurations such as singlet, triplet, or quintet states embedded in a molecular environment. In order to account for possible spin polarization effects, the FDE contribution is extended to the unrestricted case. We assess the convergence obtained with the implementation at the example of a stretched lithium dimer with significant multi-reference character. The efficiency of the implementation enables the orbital optimization for 25 states in a state-average SA[S0-S10,T1-T12,Q1-Q2]-CAS(10,10)-SCF calculation for the retinal molecule using a def2-TZVP basis. The FDE ansatz leads to orbitals localized by definition on the target system, thus facilitating the orbital selection required for CAS methods in complex environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Schieschke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tilmann Bodenstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Postboks 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Sebastian Höfener
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
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12
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Zhao Q, Zhang X, Martirez JMP, Carter EA. Benchmarking an Embedded Adaptive Sampling Configuration Interaction Method for Surface Reactions: H2 Desorption from and CH4 Dissociation on Cu(111). J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:7078-7088. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263, United States
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263, United States
| | - John Mark P. Martirez
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263, United States
| | - Emily A. Carter
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263, United States
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13
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Lin HH, Maschio L, Kats D, Usvyat D, Heine T. Fragment-Based Restricted Active Space Configuration Interaction with Second-Order Corrections Embedded in Periodic Hartree–Fock Wave Function. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:7100-7108. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Hsuan Lin
- Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Maschio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniel Kats
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Denis Usvyat
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Heine
- Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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14
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Jones LO, Mosquera MA, Schatz GC, Ratner MA. Embedding Methods for Quantum Chemistry: Applications from Materials to Life Sciences. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3281-3295. [PMID: 31986877 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Quantum mechanical embedding methods hold the promise to transform not just the way calculations are performed, but to significantly reduce computational costs and improve scaling for macro-molecular systems containing hundreds if not thousands of atoms. The field of embedding has grown increasingly broad with many approaches of different intersecting flavors. In this perspective, we lay out the methods into two streams: QM:MM and QM:QM, showcasing the advantages and disadvantages of both. We provide a review of the literature, the underpinning theories including our contributions, and we highlight current applications with select examples spanning both materials and life sciences. We conclude with prospects and future outlook on embedding, and our view on the use of universal test case scenarios for cross-comparisons of the many available (and future) embedding theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leighton O Jones
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Martín A Mosquera
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Mark A Ratner
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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15
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Ma H, Sheng N, Govoni M, Galli G. First-principles studies of strongly correlated states in defect spin qubits in diamond. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:25522-25527. [PMID: 33084673 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04585c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Using a recently developed quantum embedding theory, we present first-principles calculations of strongly correlated states of spin defects in diamond. Using this theory, effective Hamiltonians are constructed, which can be solved by classical and quantum computers; the latter promise a much more favorable scaling as a function of system size than the former. In particular, we report a study on the neutral group-IV vacancy complexes in diamond, and we discuss their strongly correlated spin-singlet and spin-triplet excited states. Our results provide valuable predictions for experiments aimed at optical manipulation of these defects for quantum information technology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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16
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Herrmann C. Electronic Communication as a Transferable Property of Molecular Bridges? J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:10205-10223. [PMID: 31380640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b05618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Electronic communication through molecular bridges is important for different types of experiments, such as single-molecule conductance, electron transfer, superexchange spin coupling, and intramolecular singlet fission. In many instances, the chemical structure of the bridge determines how the two parts it is connecting communicate, and does so in ways that are transferable between these different manifestations (for example, high conductance often correlates with strong antiferromagnetic spin coupling, and low conductance due to destructive quantum interference correlates with ferromagnetic coupling). Defining electronic communication as a transferable property of the bridge can help transfer knowledge between these different areas of research. Examples and limits of such transferability are discussed here, along with some possible directions for future research, such as employing spin-coupled and mixed-valence systems as structurally well-controlled proxies for understanding molecular conductance and for validating first-principles theoretical methodologies, building conceptual understanding for the growing experimental work on intramolecular singlet fission, and developing measures for the transferability of electronic communication as a bridge property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Herrmann
- Department of Chemistry , University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 , Hamburg 20146 , Germany
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17
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Claudino D, Mayhall NJ. Simple and Efficient Truncation of Virtual Spaces in Embedded Wave Functions via Concentric Localization. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:6085-6096. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Claudino
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Mayhall
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
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18
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Schieschke N, Bodenstein T, Höfener S. Frozen-density embedding employing configuration interaction as a subsystem method. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1665726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Schieschke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Höfener
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
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19
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Bensberg M, Neugebauer J. Automatic basis-set adaptation in projection-based embedding. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:184104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5084550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Bensberg
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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20
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Mosquera MA, Jones LO, Borca CH, Ratner MA, Schatz GC. Domain Separation in Density Functional Theory. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:4785-4795. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martín A. Mosquera
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Leighton O. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Carlos H. Borca
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Mark A. Ratner
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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21
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Vogiatzis KD, Polynski MV, Kirkland JK, Townsend J, Hashemi A, Liu C, Pidko EA. Computational Approach to Molecular Catalysis by 3d Transition Metals: Challenges and Opportunities. Chem Rev 2019; 119:2453-2523. [PMID: 30376310 PMCID: PMC6396130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Computational chemistry provides a versatile toolbox for studying mechanistic details of catalytic reactions and holds promise to deliver practical strategies to enable the rational in silico catalyst design. The versatile reactivity and nontrivial electronic structure effects, common for systems based on 3d transition metals, introduce additional complexity that may represent a particular challenge to the standard computational strategies. In this review, we discuss the challenges and capabilities of modern electronic structure methods for studying the reaction mechanisms promoted by 3d transition metal molecular catalysts. Particular focus will be placed on the ways of addressing the multiconfigurational problem in electronic structure calculations and the role of expert bias in the practical utilization of the available methods. The development of density functionals designed to address transition metals is also discussed. Special emphasis is placed on the methods that account for solvation effects and the multicomponent nature of practical catalytic systems. This is followed by an overview of recent computational studies addressing the mechanistic complexity of catalytic processes by molecular catalysts based on 3d metals. Cases that involve noninnocent ligands, multicomponent reaction systems, metal-ligand and metal-metal cooperativity, as well as modeling complex catalytic systems such as metal-organic frameworks are presented. Conventionally, computational studies on catalytic mechanisms are heavily dependent on the chemical intuition and expert input of the researcher. Recent developments in advanced automated methods for reaction path analysis hold promise for eliminating such human-bias from computational catalysis studies. A brief overview of these approaches is presented in the final section of the review. The paper is closed with general concluding remarks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Justin K. Kirkland
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Jacob Townsend
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Ali Hashemi
- Inorganic
Systems Engineering group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Chong Liu
- Inorganic
Systems Engineering group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny A. Pidko
- TheoMAT
group, ITMO University, Lomonosova 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
- Inorganic
Systems Engineering group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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22
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Zhang X, Carter EA. Subspace Density Matrix Functional Embedding Theory: Theory, Implementation, and Applications to Molecular Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2018; 15:949-960. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.8b00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263, United States
| | - Emily A. Carter
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263, United States
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23
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Mühlbach AH, Reiher M. Quantum system partitioning at the single-particle level. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:184104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5055942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian H. Mühlbach
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Reiher
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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24
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Chulhai DV, Goodpaster JD. Projection-Based Correlated Wave Function in Density Functional Theory Embedding for Periodic Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2018; 14:1928-1942. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhabih V. Chulhai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jason D. Goodpaster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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25
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de Lima Batista AP, de Oliveira-Filho AGS, Galembeck SE. Photophysical properties and the NO photorelease mechanism of a ruthenium nitrosyl model complex investigated using the CASSCF-in-DFT embedding approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:13860-13867. [PMID: 28513675 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01642e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A complete state-averaged active space self-consistent field (SA-CASSCF) calculation by means of the SA-CASSCF(18,14)-in-BP86 Miller-Manby embedding approach was performed to explore the ground and excited electronic states of the trans-[RuCl(NO)(NH3)4]2+ complex. Insights into the NO photodissociation mechanism and Ru-NO bonding properties are provided. In addition, spin-orbit (SO) interactions were taken into account to describe and characterize the spin-forbidden transitions observed at the low-energy regions of the trans-[RuCl(NO)(NH3)4]2+ UV-Vis spectrum. The SA-CASSCF(18,14)-in-BP86 electronic spectrum is in great agreement with the experimental data of Schreiner [Schreiner et al., Inorg. Chem., 1972, 11, 880].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P de Lima Batista
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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26
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Unsleber JP, Dresselhaus T, Klahr K, Schnieders D, Böckers M, Barton D, Neugebauer J. Serenity: A subsystem quantum chemistry program. J Comput Chem 2018; 39:788-798. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan P. Unsleber
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40; Münster 48149 Germany
| | - Thomas Dresselhaus
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40; Münster 48149 Germany
| | - Kevin Klahr
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40; Münster 48149 Germany
| | - David Schnieders
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40; Münster 48149 Germany
| | - Michael Böckers
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40; Münster 48149 Germany
| | - Dennis Barton
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40; Münster 48149 Germany
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40; Münster 48149 Germany
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27
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Ricardi N, Zech A, Gimbal-Zofka Y, Wesolowski TA. Explicit vs. implicit electronic polarisation of environment of an embedded chromophore in frozen-density embedding theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:26053-26062. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05634j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A comparison of strategies to account for environment polarisation in Frozen Density Embedding Theory (FDET).
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Ricardi
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Geneva
- CH-1211 Genève
- Switzerland
| | - Alexander Zech
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Geneva
- CH-1211 Genève
- Switzerland
| | - Yann Gimbal-Zofka
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Geneva
- CH-1211 Genève
- Switzerland
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28
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Heuser J, Höfener S. Analytical nuclear excited-state gradients for the Tamm-Dancoff approximation using uncoupled frozen-density embedding. J Comput Chem 2017; 38:2316-2325. [PMID: 28766728 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report the derivation and implementation of analytical nuclear gradients for excited states using time-dependent density functional theory using the Tamm-Dancoff approximation combined with uncoupled frozen-density embedding using density fitting. Explicit equations are presented and discussed. The implementation is able to treat singlet as well as triplet states and functionals using the local density approximation, the generalized gradient approximation, combinations with Hartree-Fock exchange (hybrids), and range-separated functionals such as CAM-B3LYP. The new method is benchmarked against supermolecule calculations in two case studies: The solvatochromic shift of the (vertical) fluorescence energy of 4-aminophthalimide on solvation, and the first local excitation of the benzonitrile dimer. Whereas for the 4-aminophthalimide-water complex deviations of about 0.2 eV are obtained to supermolecular calculations, for the benzonitrile dimer the maximum error for adiabatic excitation energies is below 0.01 eV due to a weak coupling of the subsystems. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Heuser
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Biowissenschaften, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), D-76131, Karlsruhe
| | - Sebastian Höfener
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Biowissenschaften, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), D-76131, Karlsruhe
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29
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Cheng J, Libisch F, Yu K, Chen M, Dieterich JM, Carter EA. Potential Functional Embedding Theory at the Correlated Wave Function Level. 1. Mixed Basis Set Embedding. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:1067-1080. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Florian Libisch
- Institute
for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria, EU
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30
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Demerdash O, Head-Gordon T. Convergence of the Many-Body Expansion for Energy and Forces for Classical Polarizable Models in the Condensed Phase. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:3884-93. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Demerdash
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Bioengineering, §Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular
Engineering, ∥Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Teresa Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Bioengineering, §Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular
Engineering, ∥Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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31
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Genova A, Ceresoli D, Pavanello M. Avoiding fractional electrons in subsystem DFT based ab-initio molecular dynamics yields accurate models for liquid water and solvated OH radical. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:234105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4953363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Genova
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Davide Ceresoli
- CNR-ISTM: Institute of Molecular Sciences and Technologies, Milano, Italy
| | - Michele Pavanello
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
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32
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Pernal K. Reduced density matrix embedding. General formalism and inter-domain correlation functional. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:21111-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00524a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An embedding method for a one-electron reduced density matrix (1-RDM) is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pernal
- Institute of Physics
- Lodz University of Technology
- 90-924 Lodz
- Poland
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33
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Daday C, Curutchet C, Sinicropi A, Mennucci B, Filippi C. Chromophore–Protein Coupling beyond Nonpolarizable Models: Understanding Absorption in Green Fluorescent Protein. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:4825-39. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Daday
- MESA+
Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Carles Curutchet
- Departament
de Fisicoquı́mica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adalgisa Sinicropi
- Department
of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe
Moruzzi 3, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Filippi
- MESA+
Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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34
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Wesolowski TA, Shedge S, Zhou X. Frozen-Density Embedding Strategy for Multilevel Simulations of Electronic Structure. Chem Rev 2015; 115:5891-928. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500502v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz A. Wesolowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Sapana Shedge
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Xiuwen Zhou
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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35
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Roncero O, Aguado A, Batista-Romero FA, Bernal-Uruchurtu MI, Hernández-Lamoneda R. Density-Difference-Driven Optimized Embedding Potential Method To Study the Spectroscopy of Br2 in Water Clusters. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:1155-64. [DOI: 10.1021/ct501140p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Roncero
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), C.S.I.C., Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Aguado
- Departamento
de Química Física Aplicada (UAM), Unidad Asociada a
IFF-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias Módulo 14, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fidel A. Batista-Romero
- Centro
de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México 62209
| | | | - Ramón Hernández-Lamoneda
- Centro
de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México 62209
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36
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Dresselhaus T, Neugebauer J, Knecht S, Keller S, Ma Y, Reiher M. Self-consistent embedding of density-matrix renormalization group wavefunctions in a density functional environment. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:044111. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4906152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dresselhaus
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Knecht
- ETH Zürich, Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Keller
- ETH Zürich, Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yingjin Ma
- ETH Zürich, Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Reiher
- ETH Zürich, Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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37
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Luber S. Local electric dipole moments for periodic systems via density functional theory embedding. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:234110. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4903828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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38
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Rusakov AA, Phillips JJ, Zgid D. Local Hamiltonians for quantitative Green's function embedding methods. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:194105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4901432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordan J. Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Dominika Zgid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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39
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Fabiano E, Laricchia S, Della Sala F. Frozen density embedding with non-integer subsystems' particle numbers. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:114101. [PMID: 24655166 DOI: 10.1063/1.4868033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We extend the frozen density embedding theory to non-integer subsystems' particles numbers. Different features of this formulation are discussed, with special concern for approximate embedding calculations. In particular, we highlight the relation between the non-integer particle-number partition scheme and the resulting embedding errors. Finally, we provide a discussion of the implications of the present theory for the derivative discontinuity issue and the calculation of chemical reactivity descriptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fabiano
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory (NNL), Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Via per Arnesano 16, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Savio Laricchia
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory (NNL), Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Via per Arnesano 16, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Fabio Della Sala
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory (NNL), Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Via per Arnesano 16, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
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40
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Genova A, Ceresoli D, Pavanello M. Periodic subsystem density-functional theory. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:174101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4897559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Daday C, König C, Neugebauer J, Filippi C. Wavefunction in Density Functional Theory Embedding for Excited States: Which Wavefunctions, which Densities? Chemphyschem 2014; 15:3205-17. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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42
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Libisch F, Huang C, Carter EA. Embedded correlated wavefunction schemes: theory and applications. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:2768-75. [PMID: 24873211 DOI: 10.1021/ar500086h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Conspectus Ab initio modeling of matter has become a pillar of chemical research: with ever-increasing computational power, simulations can be used to accurately predict, for example, chemical reaction rates, electronic and mechanical properties of materials, and dynamical properties of liquids. Many competing quantum mechanical methods have been developed over the years that vary in computational cost, accuracy, and scalability: density functional theory (DFT), the workhorse of solid-state electronic structure calculations, features a good compromise between accuracy and speed. However, approximate exchange-correlation functionals limit DFT's ability to treat certain phenomena or states of matter, such as charge-transfer processes or strongly correlated materials. Furthermore, conventional DFT is purely a ground-state theory: electronic excitations are beyond its scope. Excitations in molecules are routinely calculated using time-dependent DFT linear response; however applications to condensed matter are still limited. By contrast, many-electron wavefunction methods aim for a very accurate treatment of electronic exchange and correlation. Unfortunately, the associated computational cost renders treatment of more than a handful of heavy atoms challenging. On the other side of the accuracy spectrum, parametrized approaches like tight-binding can treat millions of atoms. In view of the different (dis-)advantages of each method, the simulation of complex systems seems to force a compromise: one is limited to the most accurate method that can still handle the problem size. For many interesting problems, however, compromise proves insufficient. A possible solution is to break up the system into manageable subsystems that may be treated by different computational methods. The interaction between subsystems may be handled by an embedding formalism. In this Account, we review embedded correlated wavefunction (CW) approaches and some applications. We first discuss our density functional embedding theory, which is formally exact. We show how to determine the embedding potential, which replaces the interaction between subsystems, at the DFT level. CW calculations are performed using a fixed embedding potential, that is, a non-self-consistent embedding scheme. We demonstrate this embedding theory for two challenging electron transfer phenomena: (1) initial oxidation of an aluminum surface and (2) hot-electron-mediated dissociation of hydrogen molecules on a gold surface. In both cases, the interaction between gas molecules and metal surfaces were treated by sophisticated CW techniques, with the remainder of the extended metal surface being treated by DFT. Our embedding approach overcomes the limitations of conventional Kohn-Sham DFT in describing charge transfer, multiconfigurational character, and excited states. From these embedding simulations, we gained important insights into fundamental processes that are crucial aspects of fuel cell catalysis (i.e., O2 reduction at metal surfaces) and plasmon-mediated photocatalysis by metal nanoparticles. Moreover, our findings agree very well with experimental observations, while offering new views into the chemistry. We finally discuss our recently formulated potential-functional embedding theory that provides a seamless, first-principles way to include back-action onto the environment from the embedded region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Libisch
- Institute
for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Chen Huang
- Theoretical
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Emily A. Carter
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Program in Applied and Computational
Mathematics, and Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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Sun Q, Chan GKL. Exact and Optimal Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics Boundaries. J Chem Theory Comput 2014; 10:3784-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ct500512f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Garnet Kin-Lic Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton New Jersey 08544, United States
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Jacob CR, Neugebauer J. Subsystem density-functional theory. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph R. Jacob
- Center for Functional Nanostructures and Institute of Physical Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Münster Germany
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Höfener S. Coupled-cluster frozen-density embedding using resolution of the identity methods. J Comput Chem 2014; 35:1716-24. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Höfener
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Karlsruher Institut für Technologie; Karlsruhe D-76131 Germany
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Huang C, Libisch F, Peng Q, Carter EA. Time-dependent potential-functional embedding theory. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:124113. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4869538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Varsano D, Barborini M, Guidoni L. Kohn-Sham orbitals and potentials from quantum Monte Carlo molecular densities. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:054102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4863213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Bartels N, Golibrzuch K, Bartels C, Chen L, Auerbach DJ, Wodtke AM, Schäfer T. Dynamical steering in an electron transfer surface reaction: Oriented NO(v = 3, 0.08 < Ei < 0.89 eV) relaxation in collisions with a Au(111) surface. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:054710. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4863862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Barnes TA, Goodpaster JD, Manby FR, Miller TF. Accurate basis set truncation for wavefunction embedding. J Chem Phys 2014; 139:024103. [PMID: 23862925 DOI: 10.1063/1.4811112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) provides a formally exact framework for performing embedded subsystem electronic structure calculations, including DFT-in-DFT and wavefunction theory-in-DFT descriptions. In the interest of efficiency, it is desirable to truncate the atomic orbital basis set in which the subsystem calculation is performed, thus avoiding high-order scaling with respect to the size of the MO virtual space. In this study, we extend a recently introduced projection-based embedding method [F. R. Manby, M. Stella, J. D. Goodpaster, and T. F. Miller III, J. Chem. Theory Comput. 8, 2564 (2012)] to allow for the systematic and accurate truncation of the embedded subsystem basis set. The approach is applied to both covalently and non-covalently bound test cases, including water clusters and polypeptide chains, and it is demonstrated that errors associated with basis set truncation are controllable to well within chemical accuracy. Furthermore, we show that this approach allows for switching between accurate projection-based embedding and DFT embedding with approximate kinetic energy (KE) functionals; in this sense, the approach provides a means of systematically improving upon the use of approximate KE functionals in DFT embedding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A Barnes
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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Bendavid LI, Carter EA. Status in Calculating Electronic Excited States in Transition Metal Oxides from First Principles. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 347:47-98. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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