1
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de Melo GF, Vasiliu M, Liu G, Ciborowski S, Zhu Z, Blankenhorn M, Harris R, Martinez-Martinez C, Dipalo M, Peterson KA, Bowen KH, Dixon DA. Theoretical and Experimental Study of the Spectroscopy and Thermochemistry of UC +/0/. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:9392-9407. [PMID: 36508745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A combination of high-level ab initio calculations and anion photoelectron detachment (PD) measurements is reported for the UC, UC-, and UC+ molecules. To better compare the theoretical values with the experimental photoelectron spectrum (PES), a value of 1.493 eV for the adiabatic electron affinity (AEA) of UC was calculated at the Feller-Peterson-Dixon (FPD) level. The lowest vertical detachment energy (VDE) is predicted to be 1.500 eV compared to the experimental value of 1.487 ± 0.035 eV. A shoulder to lower energy in the experimental PD spectrum with the 355 nm laser can be assigned to a combination of low-lying excited states of UC- and excited vibrational states. The VDEs calculated for the low-lying excited electronic states of UC at the SO-CASPT2 level are consistent with the observed additional electron binding energies at 1.990, 2.112, 2.316, and 3.760 eV. Potential energy curves for the Ω states and the associated spectroscopic properties are also reported. Compared to UN and UN+, the bond dissociation energy (BDE) of UC (411.3 kJ/mol) is predicted to be considerably lower. The natural bond orbitals (NBO) calculations show that the UC0/+/- molecules have a bond order of 2.5 with their ground-state configuration arising from changes in the oxidation state of the U atom in terms of the 7s orbital occupation: UC (5f27s1), UC- (5f27s2), and UC+ (5f27s0). The behavior of the UN and UC sequence of molecules and anions differs from the corresponding sequences for UO and UF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel F de Melo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
| | - Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
| | - Gaoxiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Sandra Ciborowski
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Moritz Blankenhorn
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Rachel Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | | | - Maria Dipalo
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kirk A Peterson
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
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2
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Han J, Le AT, Steimle TC, Heaven MC. Electronic Configuration Assignments for UO from Electric Dipole Moment Measurements. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10799-10804. [PMID: 36375039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Diatomic UO has more than 48 bound states within 10000 cm-1 of the ground state. This electronic state congestion has been attributed to interleaved states from the electronic configurations U2+(5f37s)O2- and U2+(5f27s2)O2-, respectively. Ligand field theory predicts that each electronic configuration will exhibit states with distinguishable, characteristic vibrational and rotational constants. However, vibronic state mixing modifies the observed vibration-rotation constants, leading to uncertainty in the configurational assignments. The permanent electric dipole moment (μe) of an electronic state should also manifest a value that is characteristic of the parent electronic configuration. μe and other electrostatic and magnetostatic properties should be less influenced by the vibronic state mixing, providing more robust indicators for configurational assignments. In the present study, we have measured the μe values for four electronic states of UO. The results clearly demonstrate that the ground state (X(1)4) and the first electronically excited state ((2)4) are derived from the U2+(5f37s)O2- and U2+(5f27s2)O2- configurations, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiande Han
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States
| | - Anh T Le
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30318, United States
| | - Timothy C Steimle
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona85287, United States
| | - Michael C Heaven
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States
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3
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Nguyen DT, Steimle T, Linton C, Cheng L. Optical Stark and Zeeman Spectroscopy of Thorium Fluoride (ThF) and Thorium Chloride (ThCl). J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:1423-1433. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b11853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duc-Trung Nguyen
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
| | - Timothy Steimle
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
| | - Colan Linton
- Physics Department, University of New Brunswick, 8 Bailey Drive, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B5A3, Canada
| | - Lan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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4
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Kaledin LA, Kaledin AL, Heaven MC. The electronic structure of thorium monoxide: Ligand field assignment of states in the range 0–5 eV. J Comput Chem 2018; 40:430-446. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonid A. Kaledin
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation Emory University Atlanta 30322 Georgia
| | - Alexey L. Kaledin
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation Emory University Atlanta 30322 Georgia
| | - Michael C. Heaven
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation Emory University Atlanta 30322 Georgia
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5
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de Jong WA, Dau PD, Wilson RE, Marçalo J, Van Stipdonk MJ, Corcovilos TA, Berden G, Martens J, Oomens J, Gibson JK. Revealing Disparate Chemistries of Protactinium and Uranium. Synthesis of the Molecular Uranium Tetroxide Anion, UO4–. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:3686-3694. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wibe A. de Jong
- Computational Research
Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Phuong D. Dau
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Richard E. Wilson
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Joaquim Marçalo
- Centro
de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela Loures, Portugal
| | - Michael J. Van Stipdonk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Theodore A. Corcovilos
- Department of
Physics, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Giel Berden
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and
Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Martens
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and
Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and
Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- van ‘t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science
Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John K. Gibson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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6
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Kovács A, Konings RJM, Gibson JK, Infante I, Gagliardi L. Quantum Chemical Calculations and Experimental Investigations of Molecular Actinide Oxides. Chem Rev 2015; 115:1725-59. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500426s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Attila Kovács
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, P.O. Box 2340, Karlsruhe 76125, Germany
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szt. Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rudy J. M. Konings
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, P.O. Box 2340, Karlsruhe 76125, Germany
| | - John K. Gibson
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ivan Infante
- Kimika
Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (EHU/UPV) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 20080 Donostia,
Euskadi, Spain
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department
of Chemistry, Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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7
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Czekner J, Lopez GV, Wang LS. High resolution photoelectron imaging of UO− and UO2− and the low-lying electronic states and vibrational frequencies of UO and UO2. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:244302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4904269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Czekner
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Gary V. Lopez
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
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8
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Heaven MC, Barker BJ, Antonov IO. Spectroscopy and structure of the simplest actinide bonds. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:10867-81. [PMID: 25243837 DOI: 10.1021/jp507283n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the influence of electrons in partially filled f- and d-orbitals on bonding and reactivity is a key issue for actinide chemistry. This question can be investigated by using a combination of well-defined experimental measurements and theoretical calculations. Gas phase spectroscopic data are particularly valuable for the evaluation of theoretical models. Consequently, the primary objectives of our research have been to obtain gas phase spectra for small actinide molecules. To complement the experimental effort, we are investigating the potential for using relativistic ab initio calculations and semiempirical models to predict and interpret the electronic energy level patterns for f-element compounds. Multiple resonance spectroscopy and jet cooling techniques have been used to unravel the complex electronic spectra of Th and U compounds. Recent results for fluorides, sulfides, and nitrides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Heaven
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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9
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Linton C, Adam AG, Steimle TC. Stark and Zeeman effect in the [18.6]3.5 – X(1)4.5 transition of uranium monofluoride, UF. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:214305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4880255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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Le A, Heaven MC, Steimle TC. The permanent electric dipole moment of thorium sulfide, ThS. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:024307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4861045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Matthew DJ, Morse MD. Resonant two-photon ionization spectroscopy of jet-cooled UN: Determination of the ground state. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:184303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4803472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Antonov IO, Heaven MC. Spectroscopic and Theoretical Investigations of UF and UF+. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:9684-94. [DOI: 10.1021/jp312362e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan O. Antonov
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University,
Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Michael C. Heaven
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University,
Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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13
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Barker BJ, Antonov IO, Heaven MC, Peterson KA. Spectroscopic investigations of ThF and ThF+. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:104305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3691301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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14
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Wang D, van Gunsteren WF, Chai Z. Recent advances in computational actinoid chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:5836-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs15354h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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15
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Pereira CCL, Marsden CJ, Marçalo J, Gibson JK. Actinide sulfides in the gas phase: experimental and theoretical studies of the thermochemistry of AnS (An = Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am and Cm). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:12940-58. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20996e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Infante I, Kovacs A, Macchia GL, Shahi ARM, Gibson JK, Gagliardi L. Ionization Energies for the Actinide Mono- and Dioxides Series, from Th to Cm: Theory versus Experiment. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:6007-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1016328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Infante
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi (Spain), Research Group for Materials Structure and Modeling of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
| | - Attila Kovacs
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi (Spain), Research Group for Materials Structure and Modeling of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
| | - Giovanni La Macchia
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi (Spain), Research Group for Materials Structure and Modeling of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
| | - Abdul Rehaman Moughal Shahi
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi (Spain), Research Group for Materials Structure and Modeling of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
| | - John K. Gibson
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi (Spain), Research Group for Materials Structure and Modeling of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi (Spain), Research Group for Materials Structure and Modeling of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
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17
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Wang H, Linton C, Ma T, Steimle TC. The Permanent Electric Dipole Moments and Magnetic ge-Factors of Praseodymium Monoxide (PrO). J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:13372-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp900677g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, Centre for Laser Atomic and Molecular Sciences and Physics Department, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5A3, Department of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Colan Linton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, Centre for Laser Atomic and Molecular Sciences and Physics Department, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5A3, Department of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tongmei Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, Centre for Laser Atomic and Molecular Sciences and Physics Department, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5A3, Department of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Timothy C. Steimle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, Centre for Laser Atomic and Molecular Sciences and Physics Department, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5A3, Department of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Linton C, Chen J, Steimle TC. Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of Cerium Monoxide. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:13379-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9010873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colan Linton
- Centre for Laser Atomic and Molecular Sciences and Physics Department, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287-1604
| | - Jinhai Chen
- Centre for Laser Atomic and Molecular Sciences and Physics Department, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287-1604
| | - Timothy C. Steimle
- Centre for Laser Atomic and Molecular Sciences and Physics Department, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287-1604
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19
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Linton C, Ma T, Wang H, Steimle TC. The permanent electric dipole moments and magnetic ge factors of neodymium monoxide. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:124310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2980048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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