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Lymphatic filarial serum proteome profiling for identification and characterization of diagnostic biomarkers. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270635. [PMID: 35793325 PMCID: PMC9258881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) affects more than 863 million people in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, causing high morbidity and long illnesses leading to social exclusion and loss of wages. A combination of drugs Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine citrate and Albendazole is recommended by WHO to accelerate the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF). To assess the outcome of GPELF, to re-evaluate and to formulate further strategies there is an imperative need for high quality diagnostic markers. This study was undertaken to identify Lymphatic Filarial biomarkers which can detect LF infections in asymptomatic cases and would also serve as indicators for differentiating among different clinical stages of the disease. A combination of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), MMP zymography, SDS-PAGE, classical 2DE along with MALDI-TOF/MS was done to identify LF biomarkers from serum samples of different stages of LF patients. FT-IR spectroscopy coupled with univariate and multivariate analysis of LF serum samples, revealed significant differences in peak intensity at 3300, 2950, 1645, 1540 and 1448 cm-1 (p<0.05). The proteomics analysis results showed that various proteins were differentially expressed (p<0.05), including C-reactive protein, α-1-antitrypsin, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D like, apolipoproteins A-I and A-IV in different LF clinical stages. Functional pathway analysis suggested the involvement of differentially expressed proteins in vital physiological pathways like acute phase response, hemostasis, complement and coagulation cascades. Furthermore, the differentiation between different stages of LF cases and biomarkers identified in this study clearly demonstrates the potential of the human serum profiling approach for LF detection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of comparative human serum profiling in different categories of LF patients.
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Ma Y, Tonelli M, Unsworth LD. Effect of carbamylation on protein structure and adsorption to self-assembled monolayer surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 203:111719. [PMID: 33831751 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein adsorption research has primarily focused upon the effects of surface chemistry, with almost no emphasis on how changes to proteins that occur in various disease states may influence their adsorption. One such situation occurs with chronic kidney disease where, despite hemodialysis treatment, the retention of urea within the blood compartment leads to protein carbamylation. Protein carbamylation has been shown to alter the function and structure of proteins. This work is focused on understanding how different degrees of carbamylation affect the physicochemical properties (structure, charge, water interactions) of single proteins (α-lactalbumin, albumin, and fibrinogen) and their adsorption to self-assembled monolayers. It was found that, unlike its secondary structure, the protein's tertiary structure was significantly altered upon carbamylation. Also, compared to native proteins, an increase in carbamylation lead to an increase in the negative surface charge of the protein and a weaker hydration state of the protein. In order to study the effects of different types of neutral surfaces, of different surface-water properties, on protein adsorption both bare and alkanethiol modified (-CH3 or -OH end-groups) Au surfaces with were used as model surfaces. A significant decrease in adsorbed amounts of carbamylated fibrinogen and carbamylated α-lactalbumin, but not for carbamylated albumin, relative to native proteins was observed for both surfaces; suggesting that the increase in negative surface charge is more influential on adsorption than the change in hydration that occurs throughout the protein upon carbamylation. This data suggests that protein alterations that occur due to disease states have a significant effect on the overall protein structure and these changes affect their adsorption to surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2V2, Canada
| | - Marcello Tonelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Larry D Unsworth
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2V2, Canada; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada.
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Wang AL, Paciolla M, Palmieri MJ, Hao GG. Comparison of glycoprotein separation reveals greater impact of carbohydrates and disulfides on electrophoretic mobility for CE-SDS versus SDS-PAGE. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 180:113006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.113006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kuťka Hlozáková T, Gregová E, Šliková S, Gálová Z, Chňapek M, Drábeková J. Determination of HMW - GS in wheat using SDS - PAGE and Lab-on-chip methods. POTRAVINARSTVO 2019. [DOI: 10.5219/995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SDS-PAGE is widely used to determine the amounts of the different gluten protein types. However, this method is time-consuming, especially at early stages of wheat breeding, when large number of samples needs to be analyzed. On the other hand, LoC (Lab-on-Chip) technique has the potential for a fast, reliable, and automatable analysis of proteins. Benefits and limitations of Lab-on-Chip method over SDS-PAGE method in gluten proteins evaluation were explored in order to determine in which way LoC method should be improved in order to make its results more compliant with the results of SDS-PAGE. Chip electrophoresis provides a very good reproducibility of HMW-GS patterns. Moreover this approach is much faster than the conventional SDS-PAGE methods requiring several hours for an analysis. Another advantage over traditional gel electrophoresis is lower sample and reagent volume requirements, as well as specialized protein standards for accurate reproducibility and quantification. In the present study, we identified novel complex allele located at the locus Glu-1B.
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Purification and Quantification of Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor in Soybean Using Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0902-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hasan F, Vidanapathirana P, Das S, Fernand VE, Siraj N, Losso JN, Warner IM. Ionic liquids as buffer additives in ionic liquid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis separation of mixtures of low and high molecular weight proteins. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11559k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three novel ionic liquids (ILs) [CnPBr] (n= 4, 6, 8) have been synthesized and were used as buffer additives in IL-PAGE separation of mixture of acidic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Hasan
- Department of Chemistry
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
| | | | - Susmita Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
| | - Vivian E. Fernand
- Department of Chemistry
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
- Department of Chemistry and Physics
| | - Noureen Siraj
- Department of Chemistry
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
| | - Jack N. Losso
- Department of Food Science
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
| | - Isiah M. Warner
- Department of Chemistry
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
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Proteolysis and biogenic amines formation during the ripening of Petrovská klobása, traditional dry-fermented sausage from Northern Serbia. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lu C, Liu D, Liu H, Motchnik P. Characterization of monoclonal antibody size variants containing extra light chains. MAbs 2012; 5:102-13. [PMID: 23255003 DOI: 10.4161/mabs.22965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is the most commonly used method to separate and quantify monoclonal antibody (mAb) size variants. MAb-A is an IgG1 subtype humanized monoclonal antibody recombinantly produced in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. SEC analysis of MAb-A resolved a peak, named Peak 1, which elutes between monomer and dimer peaks. MAb-A lots produced from different clones and production scales all have 0.2-0.3% of SEC Peak 1. Electron spray ionization--time of flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF MS), microfluidics capillary electrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE (SDS PAGE) results demonstrated that SEC Peak 1 contains two structural variants: MAb-A with one extra light chain (2H3L) and MAb-A with two extra light chains (2H4L). The C-terminal Cys of the extra light chain in Peak 1 variants is either a free thiol, capped by glutathione, cysteine, or another light chain. Both electrophoresis and LC/MS analyses of non-reduced and reduced samples suggested that the extra light chains are linked to the MAb-A light chain through disulfide bonds. Isolated SEC Peak 1 fraction had a potency of 50% relative to MAb-A reference material. The 50% potency loss may result from the reduced accessibility to the antigen-binding site caused by the extra light chain(s)' steric hindrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie Lu
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Zhu Z, Lu JJ, Liu S. Protein separation by capillary gel electrophoresis: a review. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 709:21-31. [PMID: 22122927 PMCID: PMC3227876 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 10/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) has been used for protein separation for more than two decades. Due to the technology advancement, current CGE methods are becoming more and more robust and reliable for protein analysis, and some of the methods have been routinely used for the analysis of protein-based pharmaceuticals and quality controls. In light of this progress, we survey 147 papers related to CGE separations of proteins and present an overview of this technology. We first introduce briefly the early development of CGE. We then review the methodology, in which we specifically describe the matrices, coatings, and detection strategies used in CGE. CGE using microfabricated channels and incorporation of CGE with two-dimensional protein separations are also discussed in this section. We finally present a few representative applications of CGE for separating proteins in real-world samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaifang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019
| | - Joann J. Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019
| | - Shaorong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019
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Torbica AM, Zivancev DR, Nikolić ZT, Dordević VB, Nikolovski BG. Advantages of the lab-on-a-chip method in the determination of the kunitz trypsin inhibitor in soybean varieties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:7980-5. [PMID: 20527986 DOI: 10.1021/jf100830m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Qualitative and quantitative determination of the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) in soybean experimental lines is very important in processes of selecting and breeding of new varieties. The total enzyme activity assay, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and Lab-on-a-Chip (LoaC) method were used for the determination of the presence and quantity of KTI in 15 soybean experimental lines and varieties. From the total trypsin inhibitor enzyme assay, inhibitor activities were registered in all samples, even in a Kunitz variety that was a negative control. The SDS-PAGE method did not detect the presence of the KTI protein band in seven soybean experimental lines and Kunitz variety, while the LoaC method showed the absence of KTI only in the Kunitz variety sample. Results confirmed the superiority of the LoaC method over other two methods in selectivity and sensitivity when KTI determination is concerned. Relationships between the KTI content obtained by the LoaC method and total trypsin inhibitor enzyme activity were established and statistically confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Torbica
- Institute for Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
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Lin MC, Nawarak J, Chen TY, Tsai HY, Hsieh JF, Sinchaikul S, Chen ST. Rapid detection of natriuretic peptides by a microfluidic LabChip analyzer with DNA aptamers: Application of natriuretic peptide detection. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2009; 3:34101. [PMID: 20216957 PMCID: PMC2835275 DOI: 10.1063/1.3194283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 07/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Rapid detection of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentration can be used for the diagnosis of acute heart failure and for the evaluation of the effectiveness of a clinical therapy. We used the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment method to develop DNA aptamers for BNP whose sequences were determined by cloning method and consensus sequence analysis. A total of eight conserved sequences was identified. By combining the fluorescent-labeled aptamers with fast protein lab-on-chip analysis, we could achieve quantification of BNP concentrations with high speed, sensitivity, and specificity.
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