N-level Li2 multiphoton rotational wave packets: alignment effects in resonant multiphoton coherent excitation

Optimal alignment control of a nonpolar molecule through nonresonant multiphoton transitions

Alignment control of an ensemble of nonpolar molecules is numerically studied by means of optimal control simulation. A nitrogen molecule that is modeled by a quantum rigid rotor is adopted. Controlled rotational wave packets are created through nonresonant optical transitions induced by polarizability coupling. Optimal pulses are designed to achieve the alignment control at a specified time in the absence/presence of external static fields in zero- and finite-temperature cases, as well as to maintain an aligned state. When maintaining an aligned state over a specified time interval is chosen as a target, the control mechanism is primarily attributed to a dynamical one. Multiple optimal solutions that lead to virtually the same control achievement are found, which are consistent with the topology of the quantum control landscape.