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Zhang Q, Bahadur D, Dufresne EM, Grybos P, Kmon P, Leheny RL, Maj P, Narayanan S, Szczygiel R, Ramakrishnan S, Sandy A. Dynamic Scaling of Colloidal Gel Formation at Intermediate Concentrations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:178006. [PMID: 29219444 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.178006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the formation and dissolution of gels composed of intermediate volume-fraction nanoparticles with temperature-dependent short-range attractions using small-angle x-ray scattering, x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy, and rheology to obtain nanoscale and macroscale sensitivity to structure and dynamics. Gel formation after temperature quenches to the vicinity of the rheologically determined gel temperature, T_{gel}, was characterized via the slowdown of dynamics and changes in microstructure observed in the intensity autocorrelation functions and structure factor, respectively, as a function of quench depth (ΔT=T_{quench}-T_{gel}), wave vector, and formation time t_{f}. We find the wave-vector-dependent dynamics, microstructure, and rheology at a particular ΔT and t_{f} map to those at other ΔTs and t_{f}s via an effective scaling temperature, T_{s}. A single T_{s} applies to a broad range of ΔT and t_{f} but does depend on the particle size. The rate of formation implied by the scaling is a far stronger function of ΔT than expected from the attraction strength between colloids. We interpret this strong temperature dependence in terms of cooperative bonding required to form stable gels via energetically favored, local structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingteng Zhang
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Divya Bahadur
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Eric M Dufresne
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Pawel Grybos
- AGH University of Science and Technology, av. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Piotr Kmon
- AGH University of Science and Technology, av. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Robert L Leheny
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Piotr Maj
- AGH University of Science and Technology, av. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Suresh Narayanan
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Robert Szczygiel
- AGH University of Science and Technology, av. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Subramanian Ramakrishnan
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Alec Sandy
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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Jiang Z, Li X, Strzalka J, Sprung M, Sun T, Sandy AR, Narayanan S, Lee DR, Wang J. The dedicated high-resolution grazing-incidence X-ray scattering beamline 8-ID-E at the Advanced Photon Source. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2012; 19:627-636. [PMID: 22713900 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049512022017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
As an increasingly important structural-characterization technique, grazing-incidence X-ray scattering (GIXS) has found wide applications for in situ and real-time studies of nanostructures and nanocomposites at surfaces and interfaces. A dedicated beamline has been designed, constructed and optimized at beamline 8-ID-E at the Advanced Photon Source for high-resolution and coherent GIXS experiments. The effectiveness and applicability of the beamline and the scattering techniques have been demonstrated by a host of experiments including reflectivity, grazing-incidence static and kinetic scattering, and coherent surface X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. The applicable systems that can be studied at 8-ID-E include liquid surfaces and nanostructured thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Jiang
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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Sandy AR, Narayanan S, Sprung M, Su JD, Evans-Lutterodt K, Isakovic AF, Stein A. Kinoform optics applied to X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2010; 17:314-320. [PMID: 20400828 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049510004322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Moderate-demagnification higher-order silicon kinoform focusing lenses have been fabricated to facilitate small-angle X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) experiments. The geometric properties of such lenses, their focusing performance and their applicability for XPCS measurements are described. It is concluded that one-dimensional vertical X-ray focusing via silicon kinoform lenses significantly increases the usable coherent flux from third-generation storage-ring light sources for small-angle XPCS experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Sandy
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
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