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Shi R, Zhao Z, Huang X, Wang P, Su Y, Sai L, Liang X, Han H, Zhao J. Ground-State Structures of Hydrated Calcium Ion Clusters From Comprehensive Genetic Algorithm Search. Front Chem 2021; 9:637750. [PMID: 34277560 PMCID: PMC8277924 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.637750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We searched the lowest-energy structures of hydrated calcium ion clusters Ca2+(H2O)n (n = 10-18) in the whole potential energy surface by the comprehensive genetic algorithm (CGA). The lowest-energy structures of Ca2+(H2O)10-12 clusters show that Ca2+ is always surrounded by six H2O molecules in the first shell. The number of first-shell water molecules changes from six to eight at n = 12. In the range of n = 12-18, the number of first-shell water molecules fluctuates between seven and eight, meaning that the cluster could pack the water molecules in the outer shell even though the inner shell is not full. Meanwhile, the number of water molecules in the second shell and the total hydrogen bonds increase with an increase in the cluster size. The distance between Ca2+ and the adjacent water molecules increases, while the average adjacent O-O distance decreases as the cluster size increases, indicating that the interaction between Ca2+ and the adjacent water molecules becomes weaker and the interaction between water molecules becomes stronger. The interaction energy and natural bond orbital results show that the interaction between Ca2+ and the water molecules is mainly derived from the interaction between Ca2+ and the adjacent water molecules. The charge transfer from the lone pair electron orbital of adjacent oxygen atoms to the empty orbital of Ca2+ plays a leading role in the interaction between Ca2+ and water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruili Shi
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Zhi Zhao
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoming Huang
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin, China
| | - Pengju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Su
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Linwei Sai
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Hohai University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liang
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Haiyan Han
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
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2
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Ariyarathna IR, Miliordos E. Geometric and electronic structure analysis of calcium water complexes with one and two solvation shells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:22426-22435. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04309e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The stability of calcium water complexes is investigated quantum mechanically. Ground and excited electronic states are studied for hexa-, octa-, and octakaideca-coordinated complexes, where calcium valence electrons move to outer diffuse orbitals.
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3
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Ariyarathna IR, Almeida NMS, Miliordos E. Stability and Electronic Features of Calcium Hexa-, Hepta-, and Octa-Coordinated Ammonia Complexes: A First-Principles Study. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6744-6750. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isuru R. Ariyarathna
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Nuno M. S. Almeida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Evangelos Miliordos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
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4
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Almeida NMS, Miliordos E. Electronic and structural features of octa-coordinated yttrium–ammonia complexes: the first neutral solvated electron precursor with eight ligands and three outer electrons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7098-7104. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07663d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The neutral and charged yttrium metal–ammonia complexes, [Y(NH3)8]0,±, are investigated quantum mechanically. It is shown that all of them bear a [Y(NH3)8]3+ core with two, three or four peripheral electrons.
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5
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Bende A, Gaele MF, Di Palma TM. UV Photoionization of Sodium-Doped Formic Acid Clusters. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2724-2734. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Attila Bende
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department; National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies; Donat Street, No 67-103 RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Maria F. Gaele
- Istituto Motori-National Research Council of Italy; Via Marconi 4 80125 Napoli Italy
| | - Tonia M. Di Palma
- Istituto Motori-National Research Council of Italy; Via Marconi 4 80125 Napoli Italy
- Correspondence to: Istituto Motori-CNR; Via Marconi 8 80125 Napoli Italy
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6
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Ariyarathna IR, Khan SN, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV, Miliordos E. Aufbau Rules for Solvated Electron Precursors: Be(NH 3) 40,± Complexes and Beyond. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:84-88. [PMID: 29232138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b03000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tetra-amino beryllium complexes and ions, Be(NH3)40,±, have a tetrahedral Be(NH3)42+ core with one, two, or three outer electrons orbiting its periphery. Our calculations reveal a new class of molecular entities, solvated electron precursors, with Aufbau rules (1s, 1p, 1d, 2s, 1f, 2p, 2d) that differ from their familiar hydrogenic counterparts and resemble those of jellium or nuclear-shell models. The core's radial electrostatic potential suffices to reproduce the chief features of the ab initio results. Wave function and electron-propagator methods combined with diffuse basis sets are employed to calculate accurate geometries, ionization energies, electron affinities, and excitation energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isuru R Ariyarathna
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Shahriar N Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Joseph Vincent Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Evangelos Miliordos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
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7
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Ariyarathna IR, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV, Miliordos E. Molecules mimicking atoms: monomers and dimers of alkali metal solvated electron precursors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:24186-24191. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05497e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tetra-amino lithium and sodium complexes M(NH3)0,−4 (M = Li, Na) have one or two electrons that occupy diffuse hydrogenic type orbitals distributed chiefly outside the M(NH3)4+ core. Two such neutral species can bind to form a dimer which can be seen as the analogue of molecular hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Auburn University
- Auburn
- USA
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8
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Dierking CW, Zurheide F, Zeuch T, Med J, Parez S, Slavíček P. Revealing isomerism in sodium-water clusters: Photoionization spectra of Na(H2O)n (n = 2–90). J Chem Phys 2017; 146:244303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4986520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph W. Dierking
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Florian Zurheide
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Zeuch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jakub Med
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Parez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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9
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West AHC, Yoder BL, Luckhaus D, Signorell R. Solvated Electrons in Clusters: Magic Numbers for the Photoelectron Anisotropy. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:12376-82. [PMID: 26355269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b07629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam H. C. West
- ETH Zürich, Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bruce L. Yoder
- ETH Zürich, Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Luckhaus
- ETH Zürich, Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Signorell
- ETH Zürich, Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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10
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Carrera Á, Marceca E. Electric Deflection of Middle-Size Ammonia Clusters Containing (e–, Na+) Pairs. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4207-13. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Carrera
- INQUIMAE-DQIAQF, Facultad
de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ernesto Marceca
- INQUIMAE-DQIAQF, Facultad
de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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11
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West AHC, Yoder BL, Luckhaus D, Saak CM, Doppelbauer M, Signorell R. Angle-Resolved Photoemission of Solvated Electrons in Sodium-Doped Clusters. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:1487-1492. [PMID: 26263156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of the unpaired electron in sodium-doped water, methanol, ammonia, and dimethyl ether clusters is presented. The experimental observations and the complementary calculations are consistent with surface electrons for the cluster size range studied. Evidence against internally solvated electrons is provided by the photoelectron angular distribution. The trends in the ionization energies seem to be mainly determined by the degree of hydrogen bonding in the solvent and the solvation of the ion core. The onset ionization energies of water and methanol clusters do not level off at small cluster sizes but decrease slightly with increasing cluster size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam H C West
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bruce L Yoder
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Luckhaus
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Clara-Magdalena Saak
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian Doppelbauer
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Signorell
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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12
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Zeng Z, Liu CW, Hou GL, Feng G, Xu HG, Gao YQ, Zheng WJ. Photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations of Li(H₂O)n(-) and Cs(H₂O)n(-) (n = 1-6) clusters. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:2845-56. [PMID: 25723570 DOI: 10.1021/jp512177j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Li(H2O)n(-) and Cs(H2O)n(-) (n = 0-6) clusters were studied using anion photoelectron spectroscopy combined with ab initio calculations. It was found that Li tends to be surrounded by water molecules with no water-water H-bonds being formed in the first hydration shell; while Cs sticks on the surface of water-water H-bonds network. The Li atom in its anionic or neutral state is surrounded by four water molecules through Li-O interactions within the first hydration shell; while the case of Cs is different. For the anionic Cs(H2O)n(-) clusters, two types of structures, namely H-end and O-end structures, were identified, with nearly degenerate energies. For the neutral Cs(H2O)n clusters, only O-end structures exist and the first hydration shell of the Cs atom has four water molecules. The different hydration nature of Li and Cs atoms can be ascribed to the delicate balance between the alkali metal-water interactions and the water-water interactions as well as the effect of excess electron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Cheng-Wen Liu
- ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Gao-Lei Hou
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Gang Feng
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yi Qin Gao
- ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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13
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Wiens JP, Nathanson GM, Alexander WA, Minton TK, Lakshmi S, Schatz GC. Collisions of Sodium Atoms with Liquid Glycerol: Insights into Solvation and Ionization. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:3065-74. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4106144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin P. Wiens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Gilbert M. Nathanson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - William A. Alexander
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Timothy K. Minton
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Sankaran Lakshmi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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15
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Guttridge MJ, Don SH, Ellis AM. Photoionization of Yb(NH
3
)
n
Complexes. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:723-7. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Guttridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH (UK) address:
| | - Sadna H. Don
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH (UK) address:
| | - Andrew M. Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH (UK) address:
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16
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Shreve AT, Elkins MH, Neumark DM. Photoelectron spectroscopy of solvated electrons in alcohol and acetonitrile microjets. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc22063j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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17
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Buchner F, Ritze HH, Beutler M, Schultz T, Hertel IV, Lübcke A. Role of alkali cations for the excited state dynamics of liquid water near the surface. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:024503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4732582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Zhang H, Liu ZF. The solvation of two electrons in the gaseous clusters of Na−(NH3)nand Li−(NH3)n. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:124314. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3697968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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19
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Zhang H, Liu ZF. The identification of a solvated electron pair in the gaseous clusters of Na(-)(H2O)n and Li(-)(H2O)n. J Chem Phys 2012; 135:064309. [PMID: 21842935 DOI: 10.1063/1.3622562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
By first principles calculations, we explore the possibility that Na(-)(H(2)O)(n) and Li(-)(H(2)O)(n) clusters, which have been measured previously by photoelectron experiments, could serve as gas-phase molecular models for the solvation of two electrons. Such models would capture the electron-electron interaction in a solution environment, which is missed in the well-known anionic water clusters (H(2)O)(n) (-). Our results show that by n = 10, the two loosely bound s electrons in Li(-)(H(2)O)(n) are indeed detached from lithium, and they could exist in either the singlet (spin-paring) or the triplet (spin-coupling) state. In contrast, the two electrons would prefer to stay on the sodium atom in Na(-)(H(2)O)(n) and on the surface of the cluster. The formation of a solvated electron pair and the variation in solvation structures make these two cluster series interesting subjects for further experimental investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Modeling and Computation, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
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20
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Forck RM, Pradzynski CC, Wolff S, Ončák M, Slavíček P, Zeuch T. Size resolved infrared spectroscopy of Na(CH3OH)n (n = 4–7) clusters in the OH stretching region: unravelling the interaction of methanol clusters with a sodium atom and the emergence of the solvated electron. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:3004-16. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23301k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Abel B, Buck U, Sobolewski AL, Domcke W. On the nature and signatures of the solvated electron in water. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:22-34. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21803d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Forck RM, Dieterich JM, Pradzynski CC, Huchting AL, Mata RA, Zeuch T. Structural diversity in sodium doped water trimers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:9054-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41066d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Cabanillas-Vidosa I, Rossa M, Pino GA, Ferrero JC, Cobos CJ. Photoionization and ab initio study of Ba(H2O)n (n = 1–4) clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:4276-86. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23510b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Yamada Y, Ishikawa H, Fuke K. Solvation Structure and Stability of [(CH 3) 2NH] m(NH 3) n–H Hypervalent Clusters: Ionization Potentials and Switching of Hydrogen-Atom Localized Site. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:8380-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jp204331q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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25
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Forck RM, Dauster I, Buck U, Zeuch T. Sodium Microsolvation in Ethanol: Common Features of Na(HO-R)n (R = H, CH3, C2H5) Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:6068-76. [DOI: 10.1021/jp110584s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard M. Forck
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Tammannstr. 6, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ingo Dauster
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Tammannstr. 6, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Udo Buck
- Max-Planck-Institut für Dynamik und Selbstorganisation, Bunsenstrasse 10, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Zeuch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Tammannstr. 6, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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26
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Forysinski PW, Zielke P, Luckhaus D, Corbett J, Signorell R. Photoionization of small sodium-doped acetic acid clusters. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:094314. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3559464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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27
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Forck RM, Dauster I, Schieweck Y, Zeuch T, Buck U, Ončák M, Slavíček P. Communications: Observation of two classes of isomers of hydrated electrons in sodium-water clusters. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:221102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3439393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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28
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Donald WA, Demireva M, Leib RD, Aiken MJ, Williams ER. Electron Hydration and Ion−Electron Pairs in Water Clusters Containing Trivalent Metal Ions. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:4633-40. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9079385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William A. Donald
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Maria Demireva
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Ryan D. Leib
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - M. Jeannette Aiken
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Evan R. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
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29
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Almeida TS, Cabral BJC. Ab initio approach to the electronic properties of sodium-ammonia clusters: Comparison with ammonia clusters. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:094307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3329371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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30
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Liu HT, Müller JP, Zhavoronkov N, Schulz CP, Hertel IV. Ultrafast Dynamics in Na-Doped Water Clusters and the Solvated Electron. J Phys Chem A 2009; 114:1508-13. [DOI: 10.1021/jp907835z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. T. Liu
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. P. Müller
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - N. Zhavoronkov
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - C. P. Schulz
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - I. V. Hertel
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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31
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Carrera A, Mobbili M, Marceca E. Electric susceptibility of sodium-doped water clusters by beam deflection. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:2711-4. [PMID: 19296705 DOI: 10.1021/jp809411p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The electric susceptibility of neutral sodium-doped water clusters Na(H(2)O)(N), N = 6-33, was determined by beam electric deflection. The clusters behave as polarizable particles; their intensity profiles exhibit global shifts toward the high-field region without the occurrence of broadening. In the conditions of the experiment, sodium-water clusters have a "floppy" structure and hence the electric susceptibility presents both electronic and orientacional terms. Measured susceptibilities are somewhat higher than those of pure water clusters, and the contribution per water molecule is similar for both cluster types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Carrera
- INQUIMAE-DQIAQF, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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32
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Hashimoto K, Daigoku K. Ground and low-lying excited states of Na(NH3)n and Na(H2O)n clusters: Formation and localization of solvated electron. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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33
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Hashimoto K, Daigoku K. Formation and localization of a solvated electron in ground and low-lying excited states of Li(NH3)n and Li(H2O)n clusters: a comparison with Na(NH3)n and Na(H2O)n. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:9391-400. [DOI: 10.1039/b907766a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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34
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Lindner J, Unterreiner AN, Vöhringer P. Femtosecond spectroscopy of solvated electrons from sodium-ammonia-d3 solutions: Temperature jump versus local density jump. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:064514. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2965818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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35
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Cwiklik L, Buck U, Kulig W, Kubisiak P, Jungwirth P. A sodium atom in a large water cluster: electron delocalization and infrared spectra. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:154306. [PMID: 18433208 DOI: 10.1063/1.2902970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations modeling low-energy collisions of a sodium atom with a cluster with more than 30 water molecules are presented. We follow the dynamics of the atom-cluster interaction and the delocalization of the valence electron of sodium together with the changes in the electron binding energy. This electron tends to be shared by the nascent sodium cation and the water cluster. IR spectra of the sodium-water cluster are both computationally and experimentally obtained, with a good agreement between the two approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Cwiklik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Yamada Y, Nishino Y, Fujihara A, Ishikawa H, Fuke K. Solvation structure and stability of hypervalent NH4(CH3OH)m(NH3)n clusters. Chem Phys Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Dauster I, Suhm MA, Buck U, Zeuch T. Experimental and theoretical study of the microsolvation of sodium atoms in methanol clusters: differences and similarities to sodium–water and sodium–ammonia. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:83-95. [DOI: 10.1039/b711568g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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38
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Buck U, Dauster I, Gao B, Liu ZF. Infrared Spectroscopy of Small Sodium-Doped Water Clusters: Interaction with the Solvated Electron. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:12355-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jp075717o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Udo Buck
- Max-Planck-Institut für Dynamik und Selbstorganisation, Bunsenstrasse 10, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ingo Dauster
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bing Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Modeling and Computation, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi-feng Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Modeling and Computation, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
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39
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Chan KW, Wu Y, Liu ZF. Solvation and electronic structures of M+Ln, with M+ = Mg+ and Ca+, L = H2O, CH3OH, and NH3, and n = 1–6. CAN J CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1139/v07-103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The solvation clusters M+(L)n, with a singly charged alkaline earth cation Mg+ or Ca+ as the solute and with water, methanol, or ammonia as the solvent, are studied systematically in the size range n = 1–6, to compare the variations in the solvation interactions. For clusters with n ≤ 3, the energies and structural values are compared in details, with both the MP2 and B3LYP methods. For clusters with n ≥ 4, the solute–solvent and solvent–solvent interaction energies are calculated to explain the relative stability among various isomeric structures, and the contrast in both solvent and electron distribution among these cluster series. Thermal stabilities for these clusters are also examined by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations at finite temperature.Key words: solvation clusters, ab initio calculations, solute–solvent interactions, size-dependent effects.
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