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Heald LF, Gosman RS, Rotteger CH, Jarman CK, Sayres SG. Nonadiabatic Photodissociation and Dehydrogenation Dynamics of n-Butyl Bromide Following p-Rydberg Excitation. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:6278-6285. [PMID: 37399455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond time-resolved mass spectrometry, correlation mapping, and density functional theory calculations are employed to reveal the mechanism of C═C and C≡C formation (and related H2 production) following excitation to the p-Rydberg states of n-butyl bromide. Ultrafast pump-probe mass spectrometry shows that nonadiabatic relaxation operates as a multistep process reaching an intermediate state within ∼500 fs followed by relaxation to a final state within 10 ps of photoexcitation. Absorption of three ultraviolet photons accesses the dense p-Rydberg state manifold, which is further excited by the probe beam for C─C bond dissociation and dehydrogenation reactions. Rapid internal conversion deactivates the dehydrogenation pathways, while activating carbon backbone dissociation pathways. Thus, unsaturated carbon fragments decay with the lifetime of p-Rydberg (∼500 fs), matching the growth recorded in saturated hydrocarbon fragments. The saturated hydrocarbon signals subsequently decay on the picosecond time scale as the molecule relaxes below the Rydberg states and into halogen release channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren F Heald
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Robert S Gosman
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Chase H Rotteger
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Carter K Jarman
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Scott G Sayres
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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Paul D, Yang Z, Goettl SJ, Thomas AM, He C, Suits AG, Parker DH, Kaiser RI. Photodissociation Dynamics of Astrophysically Relevant Propyl Derivatives (C 3H 7X; X = CN, OH, HCO) at 157 nm Exploiting an Ultracompact Velocity Map Imaging Spectrometer: The (Iso)Propyl Channel. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:5768-5775. [PMID: 35993843 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The photodissociation dynamics of astrophysically relevant propyl derivatives (C3H7X; X = CN, OH, HCO) at 157 nm exploiting an ultracompact velocity map imaging (UVMIS) setup has been reported. The successful operation of UVMIS allowed the exploration of the 157 nm photodissociation of six (iso)propyl systems─n/i-propyl cyanide (C3H7CN), n/i-propyl alcohol (C3H7OH), and (iso)butanal (C3H7CHO)─to explore the C3H7 loss channel. The distinct center-of-mass translational energy distributions for the i-C3H7X (X= CN, OH, HCO) could be explained through preferential excitation of the low frequency C-H bending modes of the formyl moiety compared to the higher frequency stretching of the cyano and hydroxy moieties. Although the ionization energy of the n-C3H7 radical exceeds the energy of a 157 nm photon, C3H7+ was observed in the n-C3H7X (X = CN, OH, HCO) systems as a result of photoionization of vibrationally "hot" n-C3H7 fragments, photoionization of i-C3H7 after a hydrogen shift in vibrationally "hot" n-C3H7 radicals, and/or two-photon ionization. Our experiments reveal that at least the isopropyl radical (i-C3H7) and possibly the normal propyl radical (n-C3H7) should be present in the interstellar medium and hence searched for by radio telescopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dababrata Paul
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Zhenghai Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Shane J Goettl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Aaron M Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Chao He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Arthur G Suits
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - David H Parker
- Department of Laser Physics, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6500, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf I Kaiser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
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3
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Lucas M, Sun G, Liu Y, Shao K, Zhang J. Ultraviolet Photodissociation Dynamics of the Cyclohexyl Radical: The H-Atom Product Channel. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5534-5543. [PMID: 34133143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ultraviolet (UV) photodissociation dynamics of the jet-cooled cyclohexyl (c-C6H11) radical is studied using the high-n Rydberg atom time-of-flight (HRTOF) technique. The cyclohexyl radical is produced by the 193 nm photodissociation of chlorocyclohexane and bromocyclohexane and is examined in the photolysis wavelength region of 232-262 nm. The H-atom photofragment yield (PFY) spectrum contains a broad peak centered at 250 nm, which is in good agreement with the UV absorption spectrum of the cyclohexyl radical and assigned to the 3p Rydberg states. The translational energy distributions of the H-atom loss product channel, P(ET)'s, are bimodal, with a slow (low ET) component peaking at ∼6 to 7 kcal/mol and a fast (high ET) component peaking at ∼44-48 kcal/mol. The fraction of the average translational energy in the total excess energy, ⟨fT⟩, is in the range of 0.16-0.25 in the photolysis wavelength region of 232-262 nm. The H-atom product angular distribution of the slow component is isotropic, while that of the fast component is anisotropic with an anisotropy parameter of β ≈ 0.5-0.7. The bimodal product translational energy and angular distributions indicate two dissociation pathways to the H + C6H10 products in cyclohexyl. The high-ET anisotropic component is from a repulsive, prompt dissociation on a repulsive potential energy surface coupling with the Rydberg excited states to produce H + cyclohexene. The low-ET isotropic component is consistent with the unimolecular dissociation of hot radical on the ground electronic state after internal conversion from the Rydberg states. The similarity of the photodissociation dynamics of the cyclohexyl radical to the previously studied small linear and branched alkyls expands on the understanding of the dissociation dynamics of alkyl radicals to include larger cyclic alkyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lucas
- Department of Chemistry University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521 United States
| | - Ge Sun
- Department of Chemistry University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521 United States
| | - Yanlin Liu
- Department of Chemistry University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521 United States
| | - Kuanliang Shao
- Department of Chemistry University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521 United States
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521 United States
- Air Pollution Research Center, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 United States
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Chicharro DV, Zanchet A, Bouallagui A, Rubio-Lago L, García-Vela A, Bañares L, Marggi Poullain S. Site-specific hydrogen-atom elimination in photoexcited alkyl radicals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:2458-2468. [PMID: 33463638 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05410k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A prompt site-specific hydrogen-atom elimination from the α-carbon atom (Cα) has been recently reported to occur in the photodissociation of ethyl radicals following excitation at 201 nm [Chicharro et al., Chem. Sci., 2019, 10, 6494]. Such pathway was accessed by means of an initial ro-vibrational energy characterizing the radicals produced by in situ photolysis of a precursor. Here, we present experimental evidence of a similar dynamics in a series of alkyl radicals (C2H5, n-C3H7, n-C4H9, and i-C3H7) containing the same reaction coordinate, but different extended structures. The main requirements for the site-specific mechanism in the studied radicals, namely a rather high content of internal energy prior to dissociation and the participation of vibrational promoting modes, is discussed in terms of the chemical structure of the radicals. The methyl deformation mode in all alkyl radicals along with the CH bending motion in i-C3H7 appear to promote this fast H-atom elimination channel. The photodissociation dynamics of the simplest unsaturated alkyl radical, the vinyl radical (C2H3), is also discussed, showing no signal of site-specific fast H-atom elimination. The results are complemented with high-level ab initio electronic structure calculations of potential energy curves of the vinyl radical, which are compared with those previously reported for the ethyl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- David V Chicharro
- Departamento de Química Física (Unidad Asociada I + D + i al CSIC), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Sun G, Zheng X, Song Y, Lucas M, Zhang J. Ultraviolet photodissociation dynamics of the n-butyl, s-butyl, and t-butyl radicals. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:244303. [PMID: 32610986 DOI: 10.1063/5.0012180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodissociation dynamics of the jet-cooled n-butyl radical via the 3s Rydberg state and the s-butyl radical via the 3p Rydberg states in the ultraviolet region of 233 nm-258 nm, as well as the t-butyl radical via the 3d Rydberg states at 226 nm-244 nm, are studied using the high-n Rydberg atom time-of-flight technique. The H-atom photofragment yield spectra of the n-butyl, s-butyl, and t-butyl radicals show a broad feature centered around 247 nm, 244 nm, and 234 nm, respectively. The translational energy distributions of the H + C4H8 products, P(ET)'s, of the three radicals are bimodal, with a slow (low ET) component peaking at ∼6 kcal/mol and a fast (high ET) component peaking at ∼52 kcal/mol-57 kcal/mol, ∼43 kcal/mol, and ∼37 kcal/mol for n-butyl, s-butyl, and t-butyl, respectively. The fraction of the products' translational energy in the available energy, ⟨ fT⟩, is 0.31, 0.30, and 0.27 for n-butyl, s-butyl, and t-butyl, respectively. The H-atom product angular distributions of the slow component are isotropic for all three radicals, while those of the fast component are anisotropic for n-butyl and s-butyl with an anisotropy parameter β ∼ 0.7 and ∼ 0.3 and that of the fast component of t-butyl is nearly isotropic. The bimodal product translational energy and angular distributions indicate two dissociation pathways to the H + C4H8 products in these three radicals, a direct, prompt dissociation on the repulsive potential energy surface coupling with the Rydberg excited states, and a unimolecular dissociation of the hot radical on the ground electronic state after internal conversion from the Rydberg states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Xianfeng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Michael Lucas
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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Fritsche L, Bach A, Chen P. Ab initio studies on the photodissociation dynamics of the 1,1-difluoroethyl radical. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:084306. [PMID: 29495758 DOI: 10.1063/1.5007152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics trajectory calculations at the HCTH147/6-31G** level of theory simulate the dissociation dynamics of photolytically excited 1,1-difluoroethyl radicals. EOMCCSD/AUG-cc-pVDZ calculations show that an excitation energy of 94.82 kcal/mol is necessary to initiate photodissociation reactions. In contrast to photodissociation dynamics of ethyl radicals where a large discrepancy between actual dissociation rates and rates that are predicted by statistical rate theories, we find reaction rates of 5.1 × 1011 s-1 for the dissociation of an H atom, which is in perfect accord with what is predicted by Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) calculations and there is no indication of any nonstatistical effects. However, our trajectory calculations show a much larger fraction of C-C bond breakage reaction of 56% occurring than that expected by RRKM (only 16%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Fritsche
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Bach
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Chen
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Schuurman MS, Giegerich J, Pachner K, Lang D, Kiendl B, MacDonell RJ, Krueger A, Fischer I. Photodissociation dynamics of cyclopropenylidene, c-C3 H2. Chemistry 2015; 21:14486-95. [PMID: 26385048 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this joint experimental and theoretical study we characterize the complete dynamical "life cycle" associated with the photoexcitation of the singlet carbene cyclopropenylidene to the lowest lying optically bright excited electronic state: from the initial creation of an excited-state wavepacket to the ultimate fragmentation of the molecule on the vibrationally hot ground electronic state. Cyclopropenylidene is prepared in this work using an improved synthetic pathway for the preparation of the precursor quadricyclane, thereby greatly simplifying the assignment of the molecular origin of the measured photofragments. The excitation process and subsequent non-adiabatic dynamics have been previously investigated employing time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and are now complemented with high-level ab initio trajectory simulations that elucidate the specific vibronic relaxation pathways. Lastly, the fragmentation channels accessed by the molecule following internal conversion are probed using velocity map imaging (VMI) so that the identity of the fragmentation products and their corresponding energy distributions can be definitively assigned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Schuurman
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6 (Canada). .,Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, D'Iorio Hall, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5 (Canada).
| | - Jens Giegerich
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Kai Pachner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Daniel Lang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Benjamin Kiendl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Ryan J MacDonell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, D'Iorio Hall, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5 (Canada)
| | - Anke Krueger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany).
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany).
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Song Y, Zheng X, Zhou W, Lucas M, Zhang J. Ultraviolet photodissociation dynamics of the n-propyl and i-propyl radicals. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:224306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4922311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Xianfeng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Weidong Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Michael Lucas
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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9
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Giegerich J, Fischer I. The photodissociation dynamics of alkyl radicals. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:044304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4906605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Giegerich
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Giegerich J, Fischer I. Photodissociation dynamics of fulvenallene, C7H6. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:13162-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52274a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Steinbauer M, Giegerich J, Fischer KH, Fischer I. The photodissociation dynamics of the ethyl radical, C2H5, investigated by velocity map imaging. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:014303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4731285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Alıç TY, Şükür Kılıç H, Durmuş H, Doğan M, Ledingham KWD. A mass spectrometric investigation of isomers of butane. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:893-905. [PMID: 22396025 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Butane is an important industrial chemical in which photo-processes are very important for the initiation of reactions. Recent advances in nanosecond pulsed laser technology have led to high laser intensities being available to researchers to enable these photo-processes to be studied in compounds such as butane. METHODS The photo-decomposition, dissociation and combustion mechanisms in the neutral butane molecule have been studied in detail, by investigating the multiphoton (MP) dissociative ionisation of its n- and i-isomers, using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer connected to a high power nanosecond laser system. The laser used was a Nd:Yag with a 5 ns pulse width operated at the fundamental wavelength (1064 nm) and the doubled and tripled wavelengths (532 nm and 355 nm). The fragmentation patterns for the isomers were determined for the three wavelengths as a function of laser intensity. Similar laser intensities of between 10(10) and 10(13) W/cm(2) were used at the three wavelengths: 1064, 532 and 355 nm. RESULTS The mass spectra of each isomer of the butane molecule display a very weak molecular ion and are dominated by fragment ion peaks. The degree of fragmentation increases as the laser intensity increases. CONCLUSIONS Depending on the wavelength some significant differences in the mass spectra of the two isomers were detected and it has been concluded that the isomerisation of i-butane to n-butane is a process which is faster than the duration of the laser pulse used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğbahan Yılmaz Alıç
- University of Selcuk, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Konya 42031, Turkey
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Hemberger P, Lang M, Noller B, Fischer I, Alcaraz C, Cunha de Miranda BK, Garcia GA, Soldi-Lose H. Photoionization of Propargyl and Bromopropargyl Radicals: A Threshold Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:2225-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jp112110j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Hemberger
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Lang
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bastian Noller
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Alcaraz
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS & Université Paris-Sud 11, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Bárbara K. Cunha de Miranda
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS & Université Paris-Sud 11, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Laser, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210- 340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gustavo A. Garcia
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin - BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Héloïse Soldi-Lose
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin - BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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Kang KW, Park MJ, Choi JH. A gas-phase crossed-beam study of OH produced in the radical–radical reaction of O(3P) with iso-propyl radical (CH3)2CH. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:8122-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02392b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Gasser M, Frey JA, Hostettler JM, Bach A. Probing for non-statistical effects in dissociation of the 1-methylallyl radical. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:301-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc01899f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Steinbauer M, Hemberger P, Fischer I, Johnson M, Bodi A. Photoionization of two substituted methyl radicals: Cyanomethyl and bromomethyl. Chem Phys Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Hemberger P, Noller B, Steinbauer M, Fischer I, Alcaraz C, Cunha de Miranda BK, Garcia GA, Soldi-Lose H. Threshold Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Cyclopropenylidene, Chlorocyclopropenylidene, and Their Deuterated Isotopomeres. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:11269-76. [DOI: 10.1021/jp104019d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Hemberger
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS & Université Paris-Sud 11, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Laser, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210- 340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil, and Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin - BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - Bastian Noller
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS & Université Paris-Sud 11, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Laser, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210- 340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil, and Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin - BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - Michael Steinbauer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS & Université Paris-Sud 11, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Laser, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210- 340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil, and Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin - BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS & Université Paris-Sud 11, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Laser, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210- 340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil, and Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin - BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - Christian Alcaraz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS & Université Paris-Sud 11, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Laser, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210- 340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil, and Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin - BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - Bárbara K. Cunha de Miranda
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS & Université Paris-Sud 11, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Laser, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210- 340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil, and Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin - BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - Gustavo A. Garcia
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS & Université Paris-Sud 11, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Laser, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210- 340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil, and Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin - BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - Héloïse Soldi-Lose
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS & Université Paris-Sud 11, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Laser, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210- 340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil, and Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin - BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France
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Silva R, Gichuhi WK, Doyle MB, Winney AH, Suits AG. Photodissociation of heptane isomers and relative ionization efficiencies of butyl and propyl radicals at 157 nm. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:4777-81. [PMID: 19492132 DOI: 10.1039/b823505h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report an ion imaging and time-of-flight mass spectroscopy study of the photodissociation of a variety of heptane isomers using 157 nm dissociation and ionization. Time-of-flight mass spectra show that C(3)H(7) + C(4)H(9) is the dominant detected product channel following one-color 157 nm dissociation/ionization of heptanes. The results further allow determination of the relative ionization efficiencies of 1- and 2-butyl and propyl radicals at 157 nm. Momentum matching for the two radical products indicates that, for the C3-C4 products, neutral dissociation followed by ionization is the main source of the detected signals. The images show isotropic angular distributions and the translational energy distributions peak at very low energy, with only approximately 0.3 eV or 8% of the available energy appearing in translation. This is consistent with dissociation from the ground state or low-lying triplet states following non-radiative electronic relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Reisler H, Krylov AI. Interacting Rydberg and valence states in radicals and molecules: experimental and theoretical studies. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350902989170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hostettler JM, Bach A, Chen P. Adiabatic and nonadiabatic dissociation of ethyl radical. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:034303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3058588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Groß C, Noller B, Fischer I. On the photodissociation of propadienylidene, l-C3H2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:5196-201. [DOI: 10.1039/b807049k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Gasser M, Bach A, Chen P. Photodissociation dynamics of the 2-methylallyl radical. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:1133-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b715252c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Schneider M, Schon C, Fischer I, Rubio-Lago L, Kitsopoulos T. Photodissociation of uracil. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:6021-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b706712g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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