1
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Drigo E, Baroni S, Pegolo P. Seebeck Coefficient of Ionic Conductors from Bayesian Regression Analysis. J Chem Theory Comput 2024. [PMID: 38856670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
We propose a novel approach to evaluating the ionic Seebeck coefficient in electrolytes from relatively short equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, based on the Green-Kubo theory of linear response and Bayesian regression analysis. By exploiting the probability distribution of the off-diagonal elements of a Wishart matrix, we develop a consistent and unbiased estimator for the Seebeck coefficient, whose statistical uncertainty can be arbitrarily reduced in the long-time limit. We assess the efficacy of our method by benchmarking it against extensive equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations conducted on molten CsF using empirical force fields. We then employ this procedure to calculate the Seebeck coefficient of molten NaCl, KCl, and LiCl using neural network force fields trained on ab initio data over a range of pressure-temperature conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Drigo
- SISSA─Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Baroni
- SISSA─Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- CNR-IOM─Istituto Officina Materiali, DEMOCRITOS SISSA Unit, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Pegolo
- SISSA─Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, 34136 Trieste, Italy
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2
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Meng X, Wang S, Yu Y, Gong P. Microstructure and mechanical properties of BT/PVTC composite ferroelectric thin films. J Mol Model 2023; 29:181. [PMID: 37198340 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ferroelectric ceramic polymer composites have become the preferred electrocaloric materials due to their light weight and high polarization strength. But the mechanical properties were desired to be improved. In this study, the polyvinylidene fluoride trifluoro ethylene chloride (PVTC) and barium titanate (BT) composites were prepared, and the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated by molecular dynamics simulations and experiments. It was found that with the increase of BT ceramic content in the composites, the yield stress is significantly reduced, which can be reduced by 16.07%. By comparing with the experimental data, the agglomeration and stress mechanism of the composites were proposed. METHOD The microstructure of the composite was analyzed using radial distribution function, self-diffusion coefficient, and glass transition temperature. The agglomeration mechanism of the composite was revealed from the microscopic point of view, and the rationality of the agglomeration behavior was verified by experiments. The calculations were performed by Material Studio 2019 software and the COMPASS force field was adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrui Meng
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Shougang Wang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yinsheng Yu
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Pengzhen Gong
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
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3
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Lasisi KH, Abass OK, Zhang K, Ajibade TF, Ajibade FO, Ojediran JO, Okonofua ES, Adewumi JR, Ibikunle PD. Recent advances on graphyne and its family members as membrane materials for water purification and desalination. Front Chem 2023; 11:1125625. [PMID: 36742031 PMCID: PMC9895114 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1125625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphyne and its family members (GFMs) are allotropes of carbon (a class of 2D materials) having unique properties in form of structures, pores and atom hybridizations. Owing to their unique properties, GFMs have been widely utilized in various practical and theoretical applications. In the past decade, GFMs have received considerable attention in the area of water purification and desalination, especially in theoretical and computational aspects. More recently, GFMs have shown greater prospects in achieving optimal separation performance than the experimentally derived commercial polyamide membranes. In this review, recent theoretical and computational advances made in the GFMs research as it relates to water purification and desalination are summarized. Brief details on the properties of GFMs and the commonly used computational methods were described. More specifically, we systematically reviewed the various computational approaches employed with emphasis on the predicted permeability and selectivity of the GFM membranes. Finally, the current challenges limiting their large-scale practical applications coupled with the possible research directions for overcoming the challenges are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayode Hassan Lasisi
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Olusegun K. Abass
- Department of Civil Engineering, and ReNEWACT Laboratory, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria,*Correspondence: Olusegun K. Abass, ,
| | - Kaisong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Temitope Fausat Ajibade
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | | | - John O. Ojediran
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | | | - James Rotimi Adewumi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Peter D. Ibikunle
- Department of Civil Engineering, and ReNEWACT Laboratory, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
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4
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Applying the Born-Mayer model to describe the physicochemical properties of FLiNaK ternary melt. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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5
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Liang F, Pan G, Wang W, Lu J, Wei X, Ding J, Liu S. Enhanced thermal transport at metal/molten salt interface in nanoconfinement: A molecular dynamics study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Porter T, Vaka MM, Steenblik P, Della Corte D. Computational methods to simulate molten salt thermophysical properties. Commun Chem 2022; 5:69. [PMID: 36697757 PMCID: PMC9814384 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00684-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Molten salts are important thermal conductors used in molten salt reactors and solar applications. To use molten salts safely, accurate knowledge of their thermophysical properties is necessary. However, it is experimentally challenging to measure these properties and a comprehensive evaluation of the full chemical space is unfeasible. Computational methods provide an alternative route to access these properties. Here, we summarize the developments in methods over the last 70 years and cluster them into three relevant eras. We review the main advances and limitations of each era and conclude with an optimistic perspective for the next decade, which will likely be dominated by emerging machine learning techniques. This article is aimed to help researchers in peripheral scientific domains understand the current challenges of molten salt simulation and identify opportunities to contribute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talmage Porter
- grid.253294.b0000 0004 1936 9115Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT USA
| | - Michael M. Vaka
- grid.253294.b0000 0004 1936 9115Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT USA
| | - Parker Steenblik
- grid.253294.b0000 0004 1936 9115Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT USA
| | - Dennis Della Corte
- grid.253294.b0000 0004 1936 9115Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT USA
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7
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Grasselli F. Investigating finite-size effects in molecular dynamics simulations of ion diffusion, heat transport, and thermal motion in superionic materials. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:134705. [PMID: 35395883 DOI: 10.1063/5.0087382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of the finite size of the simulation box in equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations are investigated for prototypical superionic conductors of different types, namely, the fluorite-structure materials PbF2, CaF2, and UO2 (type II), and the α phase of AgI (type I). Largely validated empirical force-fields are employed to run ns-long simulations and extract general trends for several properties, at increasing size and in a wide temperature range. This work shows that, for the considered type-II superionic conductors, the diffusivity dramatically depends on the system size and that the superionic regime is shifted to larger temperatures in smaller cells. Furthermore, only simulations of several hundred atoms are able to capture the experimentally observed, characteristic change in the activation energy of the diffusion process, occurring at the order-disorder transition to the superionic regime. Finite-size effects on ion diffusion are instead much weaker in α-AgI. The thermal conductivity is found generally smaller for smaller cells, where the temperature-independent (Allen-Feldman) regime is also reached at significantly lower temperatures. The finite-size effects on the thermal motion of the non-mobile ions composing the solid matrix follow the simple law that holds for solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Grasselli
- COSMO-Laboratory of Computational Science and Modelling, IMX, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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8
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Enhanced Thermal Transport Properties of Graphene/SiC Heterostructures on Nuclear Reactor Cladding Material: A Molecular Dynamics Insight. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12060894. [PMID: 35335707 PMCID: PMC8951570 DOI: 10.3390/nano12060894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the excellent thermal properties of graphene, silicon carbide (SiC) combined with graphene is expected to obtain more outstanding thermal performance and structural stability at high temperatures. Herein, the thermal conductivity of graphene/SiC heterostructures (GS-Hs) with different structures and atomic orientations was calculated through non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations. The temperature dependence and size effect on the thermal transport properties of GS-Hs were systematically investigated and discussed. The continuous addition of graphene layers did not always have a positive effect. The thermal transport performance of GS-Hs approached the intrinsic thermal conductivity of SiC when the interaction gradually decreased with the distance between SiC and graphene. Studies on temperature and size dependence show opposite trends. The enhancement effect of graphene was limited at small distances. The thermal conductivity of GS-Hs had a negative correlation with temperature and increased with the system size. Meanwhile, the thermal conductivity of GS-Hs was predicted to be 156.25 (W·m−1·K−1) at the macroscopic scale via extrapolation. The model established in this paper is also applicable to other material simulation processes, as long as the corresponding parameters and potential functions are available. This study will provide inspiration for the optimized design and preparation of highly efficient cladding materials in nuclear reactors.
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9
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Rodriguez A, Lam S, Hu M. Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of LiF and FLiBe Molten Salts with Deep Learning Potentials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:55367-55379. [PMID: 34767334 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Molten salts have attracted interest as potential heat carriers and/or fuel solvents in the development of new Gen IV nuclear reactor designs, high-temperature batteries, and thermal energy storage. In nuclear engineering, salts containing lithium fluoride-based compounds are of particular interest due to their ability to lower the melting points of mixtures and their compatibility with alloys. A machine learning potential (MLP) combined with a molecular dynamics study is performed on two popular molten salts, namely, LiF (50% Li) and FLiBe (66% LiF and 33% BeF2), to predict the thermodynamic and transport properties, such as density, diffusion coefficients, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and shear viscosity. Due to the large possibilities of atomic environments, we employ training using Deep Potential Smooth Edition (DPSE) neural networks to learn from large datasets of 141,278 structures with 70 atoms for LiF and 238,610 structures with 91 atoms for FLiBe molten salts. These networks are then deployed in fast molecular dynamics to predict the thermodynamic and transport properties that are only accessible at longer time scales and are otherwise difficult to calculate with classical potentials, ab initio molecular dynamics, or experiments. The prospect of this work is to provide guidance for future works to develop general MLPs for high-throughput thermophysical database generation for a wide spectrum of molten salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Rodriguez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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10
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Zhang J, Fuller J, An Q. Coordination and Thermophysical Properties of Transition Metal Chlorocomplexes in LiCl-KCl Eutectic. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:8876-8887. [PMID: 34328331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Eutectic LiCl-KCl molten salt is often used in molten salt reactors as the primary coolant due to its high thermal capacity and high solubility of fission products. Thermophysical properties, such as density, heat capacity, and viscosity, are important parameters for engineering applications of molten salts but may be significantly influenced by metal solutes from corrosion of metallic structural materials. The behavior of the LiCl-KCl eutectic composition is well researched, yet the effects on these properties due to chlorocomplex formation from metals dissolved in the salt are less well known. These properties are often difficult to accurately measure from experimental methods due to the issues arising from the dissolved species, such as volatility. Here, we applied a combination of quantum mechanics molecular dynamics (QM-MD) and deep machine learning force field (DP-FF) molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the structural and thermophysical properties of LiCl-KCl eutectic as well as the influence of dissolved transition metal chlorocomplexes NiCl2 and CrCl3 at low concentrations. We find that the dissolution of Ni and Cr in the LiCl-KCl system forms the local tetrahedral (NiCl4)2- and octahedral (CrCl6)3- chlorocomplexes, respectively, which do not have a significant impact on the overall liquid salt structures. In addition, the thermodynamic properties including diffusion constant and specific heat capacity are not significantly affected by these chlorocomplexes. However, the viscosity significantly increases in the temperature range of 673-773 K. This study thus provides essential information for evaluating the effects of dissolved metals on the thermophysical and transport properties of molten salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Jon Fuller
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Qi An
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
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11
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Grasselli F, Baroni S. Invariance principles in the theory and computation of transport coefficients. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. B 2021; 94:160. [PMID: 34776779 PMCID: PMC8550620 DOI: 10.1140/epjb/s10051-021-00152-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In this work, we elaborate on two recently discovered invariance principles, according to which transport coefficients are, to a large extent, independent of the microscopic definition of the densities and currents of the conserved quantities being transported (energy, momentum, mass, charge). The first such principle, gauge invariance, allows one to define a quantum adiabatic energy current from density-functional theory, from which the heat conductivity can be uniquely defined and computed using equilibrium ab initio molecular dynamics. When combined with a novel topological definition of atomic oxidation states, gauge invariance also sheds new light onto the mechanisms of charge transport in ionic conductors. The second principle, convective invariance, allows one to extend the analysis to multi-component systems. These invariance principles can be combined with new spectral analysis methods for the current time series to be fed into the Green-Kubo formula to obtain accurate estimates of transport coefficients from relatively short molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Grasselli
- COSMO–Laboratory of Computational Science and Modelling, IMX, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Baroni
- SISSA–Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, 34136 EU Trieste, Italy
- CNR-IOM DEMOCRITOS Simulation Center, SISSA, 34136 Trieste, EU Italy
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12
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Wang H, DeFever RS, Zhang Y, Wu F, Roy S, Bryantsev VS, Margulis CJ, Maginn EJ. Comparison of fixed charge and polarizable models for predicting the structural, thermodynamic, and transport properties of molten alkali chlorides. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:214502. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0023225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haimeng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Ryan S. DeFever
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52245, USA
| | - Santanu Roy
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | | | | | - Edward J. Maginn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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13
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Heat and charge transport in H 2O at ice-giant conditions from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3605. [PMID: 32681002 PMCID: PMC7367872 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of the inner structure and thermal history of planets on their observable features, such as luminosity or magnetic field, crucially depends on the poorly known heat and charge transport properties of their internal layers. The thermal and electric conductivities of different phases of water (liquid, solid, and super-ionic) occurring in the interior of ice giant planets, such as Uranus or Neptune, are evaluated from equilibrium ab initio molecular dynamics, leveraging recent progresses in the theory and data analysis of transport in extended systems. The implications of our findings on the evolution models of the ice giants are briefly discussed.
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14
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Maxwell CI, Saoudi M, Pencer J. Development of a Polarizable Interatomic Potential for Molten Lithium, Sodium, and Potassium Nitrate. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:4751-4761. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher I. Maxwell
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - Mouna Saoudi
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - Jeremy Pencer
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
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15
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Bertossa R, Grasselli F, Ercole L, Baroni S. Theory and Numerical Simulation of Heat Transport in Multicomponent Systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:255901. [PMID: 31347859 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.255901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The thermal conductivity of classical multicomponent fluids is seemingly affected by the intrinsic arbitrariness in the definition of the atomic energies, and it is ill conditioned numerically, when evaluated from the Green-Kubo theory of linear response. To cope with these two problems, we introduce two new concepts: a convective invariance principle for transport coefficients, in the first case, and multivariate cepstral analysis, in the second. A combination of these two concepts allows one to substantially reduce the noise affecting the estimate of the thermal conductivity from equilibrium molecular dynamics, even for one-component systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Bertossa
- SISSA-Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Federico Grasselli
- SISSA-Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Loris Ercole
- SISSA-Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Baroni
- SISSA-Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- CNR-Istituto Officina dei Materiali, SISSA, 34136 Trieste, Italy
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16
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The influence of NaCl concentration on the (LiCl-KCl) eutectic system and temperature dependence of the ternary system. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Bonella S, Ferrario M, Ciccotti G. Thermal Diffusion in Binary Mixtures: Transient Behavior and Transport Coefficients from Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:11281-11290. [PMID: 28915729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Equilibrium and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations are combined to compute the full set of coefficients that appear in the phenomenological equations describing thermal transport in a binary mixture subject to a constant thermal gradient. The Dynamical Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics approach (D-NEMD) is employed to obtain the microscopic time evolution of the density and temperature fields, together with that of the mass and energy fluxes. D-NEMD enables one to study not only the steady state, but also the evolution of the fields during the transient that follows the onset of the thermal gradient, up to the establishment of the steady state. This makes it possible to ensure that the system has indeed reached a stationary condition, and to analyze the transient mechanisms and time scales of the mass and energy transport. A local time averaging procedure is applied to each trajectory contributing to the calculation to improve the signal-to-noise ratio in the estimation of the fluxes and to obtain a clear signal with the, relatively limited, statistics available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bonella
- CECAM Centre Européen de Calcul Atomique et Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Batochime, Avenue Forel 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Ferrario
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Informatiche e Matematiche, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ciccotti
- Institute for Applied Mathematics "Mauro Picone" (IAC), CNR , Via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Rome, Italy
- University of Rome "La Sapienza" , P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- University College Dublin (UCD) , Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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18
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Tian Y, Du J, Han W, Zu X, Yuan X, Zheng W. Thermal conductivity of vitreous silica from molecular dynamics simulations: The effects of force field, heat flux and system size. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:054504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4975162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
| | - Jincheng Du
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
| | - Wei Han
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Xiaotao Zu
- Institute for Fundamental and Frontier Science, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xiaodong Yuan
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Wanguo Zheng
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
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Chaban VV, Prezhdo OV. Ionic Vapor Composition in Pyridinium-Based Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:4661-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly V. Chaban
- Instituto
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 12231-280, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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20
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Ishii Y, Kasai S, Salanne M, Ohtori N. Transport coefficients and the Stokes–Einstein relation in molten alkali halides with polarisable ion model. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1046527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Ishii
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University , Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kasai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University , Niigata, Japan
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Sorbonne Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8234, PHENIX, Paris, France
- Maison de la Simulation, CEA – CNRS – INRIA – Université Paris-Sud – Université de Versailles , Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Norikazu Ohtori
- Department of Chemistry, Niigata University , Niigata, Japan
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21
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Jones RE, Ward DK, Templeton JA. Spatial resolution of the electrical conductance of ionic fluids using a Green-Kubo method. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:184110. [PMID: 25399135 DOI: 10.1063/1.4901035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a Green-Kubo method to spatially resolve transport coefficients in compositionally heterogeneous mixtures. We develop the underlying theory based on well-known results from mixture theory, Irving-Kirkwood field estimation, and linear response theory. Then, using standard molecular dynamics techniques, we apply the methodology to representative systems. With a homogeneous salt water system, where the expectation of the distribution of conductivity is clear, we demonstrate the sensitivities of the method to system size, and other physical and algorithmic parameters. Then we present a simple model of an electrochemical double layer where we explore the resolution limit of the method. In this system, we observe significant anisotropy in the wall-normal vs. transverse ionic conductances, as well as near wall effects. Finally, we discuss extensions and applications to more realistic systems such as batteries where detailed understanding of the transport properties in the vicinity of the electrodes is of technological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Jones
- Mechanics of Materials Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D K Ward
- Materials Chemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J A Templeton
- Thermal/Fluid Science and Engineering Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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Sedighi M, Mohebbi A. Investigation of nanoparticle aggregation effect on thermal properties of nanofluid by a combined equilibrium and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation. J Mol Liq 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Miller NAT, Daivis PJ, Snook IK, Todd BD. Computation of thermodynamic and transport properties to predict thermophoretic effects in an argon-krypton mixture. J Chem Phys 2014; 139:144504. [PMID: 24116632 DOI: 10.1063/1.4824140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermophoresis is the movement of molecules caused by a temperature gradient. Here we report the results of a study of thermophoresis using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of a confined argon-krypton fluid subject to two different temperatures at thermostated walls. The resulting temperature profile between the walls is used along with the Soret coefficient to predict the concentration profile that develops across the channel. We obtain the Soret coefficient by calculating the mutual diffusion and thermal diffusion coefficients. We report an appropriate method for calculating the transport coefficients for binary systems, using the Green-Kubo integrals and radial distribution functions obtained from equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of the bulk fluid. Our method has the unique advantage of separating the mutual diffusion and thermal diffusion coefficients, and calculating the sign and magnitude of their individual contributions to thermophoresis in binary mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A T Miller
- School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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Ishii Y, Sato K, Salanne M, Madden PA, Ohtori N. Thermal Conductivity of Molten Alkali Metal Fluorides (LiF, NaF, KF) and Their Mixtures. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:3385-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jp411781n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Ishii
- Graduate
School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi
2-no cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sato
- Graduate
School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi
2-no cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8234, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 8234, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Paul A. Madden
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford 0X1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Norikazu Ohtori
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi
2-no cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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Römer F, Lervik A, Bresme F. Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of the thermal conductivity of water: A systematic investigation of the SPC/E and TIP4P/2005 models. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:074503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4739855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Jones RE, Mandadapu KK. Adaptive Green-Kubo estimates of transport coefficients from molecular dynamics based on robust error analysis. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:154102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3700344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Reif MM, Hünenberger PH. Computation of methodology-independent single-ion solvation properties from molecular simulations. IV. Optimized Lennard-Jones interaction parameter sets for the alkali and halide ions in water. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:144104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3567022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Salanne M, Marrocchelli D, Merlet C, Ohtori N, Madden PA. Thermal conductivity of ionic systems from equilibrium molecular dynamics. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:102101. [PMID: 21335634 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/10/102101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Thermal conductivities of ionic compounds (NaCl, MgO, Mg(2)SiO(4)) are calculated from equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations using the Green-Kubo method. Transferable interaction potentials including many-body polarization effects are employed. Various physical conditions (solid and liquid states, high temperatures, high pressures) relevant to the study of the heat transport in the Earth's mantle are investigated, for which experimental measures are very challenging. By introducing a frequency-dependent thermal conductivity, we show that important coupled thermoelectric effects occur in the energy conduction mechanism in the case of liquid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Salanne
- UPMC Univ-Paris06 and CNRS, UMR 7195, PECSA, F-75005, Paris, France.
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Ohtori N, Salanne M, Madden PA. Calculations of the thermal conductivities of ionic materials by simulation with polarizable interaction potentials. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:104507. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3086856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Ohtori N, Oono T, Takase K. Thermal conductivity of molten alkali halides: Temperature and density dependence. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:044505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3064588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Salanne M, Simon C, Turq P, Madden PA. Heat-transport properties of molten fluorides: Determination from first-principles. J Fluor Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2008.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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