Linkov P, Artemyev M, Efimov AE, Nabiev I. Comparative advantages and limitations of the basic metrology methods applied to the characterization of nanomaterials.
NANOSCALE 2013;
5:8781-8798. [PMID:
23934544 DOI:
10.1039/c3nr02372a]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of modern nanomaterials and nanostructures with specific functional properties is both scientifically promising and commercially profitable. The preparation and use of nanomaterials require adequate methods for the control and characterization of their size, shape, chemical composition, crystalline structure, energy levels, pathways and dynamics of physical and chemical processes during their fabrication and further use. In this review, we discuss different instrumental methods for the analysis and metrology of materials and evaluate their advantages and limitations at the nanolevel.
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