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Brais CJ, Ibañez JO, Schwartz AJ, Ray SJ. RECENT ADVANCES IN INSTRUMENTAL APPROACHES TO TIME-OF-FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETRY. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:647-669. [PMID: 32779281 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) is one of the simplest and most powerful approaches for mass spectrometry. Realization of the advantages inherent in TOFMS requires innovation in the theory and practice of the technique. Instrumental developments, in turn, create new capabilities that enable applications in chemical measurement. This review focuses on the recent advances in TOFMS instrumentation. New strategies for ion acceleration, multiplexed detection, miniaturized TOFMS instruments, approaches to extend the length of ion flight, and novel ion detection technologies are reviewed. Techniques that change the basic paradigm of TOFMS by measuring m/z based on ion flight distance are considered, as are applications at the frontiers of instrumental performance. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Brais
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
| | | | | | - Steven J Ray
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
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Hayakawa S. Study of Ion Dynamics by Electron Transfer Dissociation: Alkali Metals as Targets. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2017; 6:A0062. [PMID: 28966899 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.a0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High energy collision processes for singly charged positive ions using an alkali metal target are confirmed, as a charge inversion mass spectrometry, to occur by electron transfers in successive collisions and the dissociation processes involve the formation of energy-selected neutral species from near-resonant neutralization with alkali metal targets. A doubly charged thermometer molecule was made to collide with alkali metal targets to give singly and doubly charged positive ions. The internal energy resulting from the electron transfer with the alkali metal target was very narrow and centered at a particular energy. This narrow internal energy distribution can be attributed to electron transfer by Landau-Zener potential crossing between the precursor ion and an alkali metal atom, and the coulombic repulsion between singly charged ions in the exit channel. A large cross section of more than 10-14 cm2 was estimated for high-energy electron transfer dissociation (HE-ETD). Doubly protonated phosphorylated peptides obtained by electrospray ionization were collided with Xe and Cs targets to give singly and doubly charged positive ions. Whereas doubly charged fragment ions resulting from CAD were dominant in the case of the Xe target, singly charged fragment ions resulting from ETD were dominant with the Cs target. HE-ETD using the Cs target provided all of the z-type ions by N-Cα bond cleavage without the loss of the phosphate groups. The results demonstrate that HE-ETD with an alkali metal target allowed the position of phosphorylation and the amino acid sequence of peptides with post translational modifications (PTM) to be determined.
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Canon F, Milosavljević AR, Nahon L, Giuliani A. Action spectroscopy of a protonated peptide in the ultraviolet range. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:25725-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04762a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Action spectroscopy of substance P, a model undecapeptide, has been probed from 5.2 eV to 20 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Canon
- Synchrotron Soleil
- l'Orme des Merisiers
- 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex
- France
- UMR1324 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation
| | | | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron Soleil
- l'Orme des Merisiers
- 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex
- France
| | - Alexandre Giuliani
- Synchrotron Soleil
- l'Orme des Merisiers
- 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex
- France
- Uar1008
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Comprehensive determination of the cyclic FEE peptide chemical stability in solution. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 89:50-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gnaser H, Fujii M, Nakagawa S, Seki T, Aoki T, Matsuo J. Peptide dissociation patterns in secondary ion mass spectrometry under large argon cluster ion bombardment. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2013; 27:1490-1496. [PMID: 23722683 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The analysis of organic and biological substances by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has greatly benefited from the use of cluster ions as primary bombarding species. Thereby, depth profiling and three-dimensional (3D) imaging of such systems became feasible. Large Ar(n)(+) cluster ions may constitute a further improvement in this direction. METHODS To explore this option, large Ar(n)(+) cluster ions (with n ~1500 Ar atoms per cluster) were used to investigate the emission of positive secondary ions from two peptide specimens (angiotensin I and bradykinin) by orthogonal time-of-flight SIMS using bombarding energies 6, 10 and 14 keV. RESULTS For both peptides, the protonated molecular ion is observed in the mass spectra. In addition, distinct fragmentation patterns were observed; these indicate that fragment ions under Ar cluster irradiation form primarily via cleavage of bonds along the peptide backbone whereas the rapture of side chains occurs much less frequently. These features appear to be similar to low-energy collision-induced dissociation pathways. CONCLUSIONS Tentatively, these findings can then be ascribed to the concerted action of the large number of Ar atoms in the impact zone of cluster at the surface: these low-energy Ar species (with an average energy of few eV) may effect the cleavage of the peptide bonds and lead, eventually, to the emission of the fragment ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Gnaser
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xian
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University,
95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-4390, United States
| | - Christopher L. Hendrickson
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University,
95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-4390, United States
- Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800
East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-4005, United States
| | - Alan G. Marshall
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University,
95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-4390, United States
- Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800
East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-4005, United States
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Shimma S, Miki S, Toyoda M. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) analysis using a miniaturized high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer “MULTUM-S II”. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 14:1664-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c2em30112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Degawa T, Shimma S, Toyoda M. Rapid sequencing of a peptide containing a single disulfide bond using high-energy collision-induced dissociation. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2012; 18:345-348. [PMID: 22971694 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A peptide containing a single disulfide bond was sequenced using high-energy collision-induced dissociation (HE-CID) in conjunction with a high mass resolution time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometer equipped with a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization source. This mass spectrometer, which has spiral ion trajectory, allowed both high mass resolution and high precursor ion selectivity. It is difficult to obtain sufficient product ions from peptides containing disulfide bonds using HE-CID due to the single collision in the gas phase. To compensate for insufficient dissociation, the disulfide bond was cleaved via an in-source reduction process using 1,5-diaminonaphthalene, a reducing matrix. After applying the reduction in the ionization, subsequent sequencing using HE-CID provided the detailed structural information of the peptide containing the single disulfide bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Degawa
- School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
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Shimma S, Nagao H, Aoki J, Takahashi K, Miki S, Toyoda M. Miniaturized High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer MULTUM-S II with an Infinite Flight Path. Anal Chem 2010; 82:8456-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ac1010348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Shimma
- Center for Advanced Science and Innovation, Venture Business Laboratory, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, Renovation Center of Instruments for Science Education and Technology, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and MSI TOKYO Inc., Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0036, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nagao
- Center for Advanced Science and Innovation, Venture Business Laboratory, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, Renovation Center of Instruments for Science Education and Technology, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and MSI TOKYO Inc., Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0036, Japan
| | - Jun Aoki
- Center for Advanced Science and Innovation, Venture Business Laboratory, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, Renovation Center of Instruments for Science Education and Technology, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and MSI TOKYO Inc., Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0036, Japan
| | - Keiji Takahashi
- Center for Advanced Science and Innovation, Venture Business Laboratory, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, Renovation Center of Instruments for Science Education and Technology, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and MSI TOKYO Inc., Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0036, Japan
| | - Shinichi Miki
- Center for Advanced Science and Innovation, Venture Business Laboratory, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, Renovation Center of Instruments for Science Education and Technology, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and MSI TOKYO Inc., Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0036, Japan
| | - Michisato Toyoda
- Center for Advanced Science and Innovation, Venture Business Laboratory, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, Renovation Center of Instruments for Science Education and Technology, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and MSI TOKYO Inc., Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0036, Japan
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Nagao H, Shimma S, Hayakawa S, Awazu K, Toyoda M. Development of a tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization ion source. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2010; 45:937-943. [PMID: 20641007 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A new tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization ion source 'ESI-TOF/quadTOF' was designed and constructed to achieve the desired aim of structural elucidation via high-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID), and the simultaneous detection of all fragment ions. The instrument consists of an orthogonal acceleration-type ESI ion source, a linear TOF mass spectrometer, a collision cell, a quadratic-field ion mirror and a microchannel plate detector. High-energy CID spectra of doubly protonated angiotensin II and bradykinin were obtained. Several fragment ions such as a-, d-, v- and w-type ions, characteristic of high-energy CID, were clearly observed in these spectra. These high-energy CID fragment ions enabled confirmation of the complete sequence, including leucine-isoleucine determinations. It was demonstrated that high-energy CID of multiply protonated peptides could be achieved in the ESI-TOF/quadTOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Nagao
- Renovation Center of Instruments for Science Education and Technology, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
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Kurnosenko S, Moskovets E. On the high-resolution mass analysis of the product ions in tandem time-of-flight (TOF/TOF) mass spectrometers using a time-dependent re-acceleration technique. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:63-74. [PMID: 19960493 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The time-dependent reacceleration of product ions produced as a result of dissociation of a single precursor ion in a tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometer is considered for the first time. Analytical expressions for the shapes of electric pulses bringing all the kinetic energies of the product ions to the same value are derived for two cases: forward acceleration mode and deceleration, followed by re-acceleration in the reversed direction (reversed mode). Secondary time-of-flight focusing resulting from the re-acceleration in the reversed mode is shown to be mass-dependent and, when averaged over a wide mass range, the focusing is tight enough to provide mass resolution exceeding 10,000. After time-dependent re-acceleration, additional compression of the ion packet width leading to better mass resolution can be obtained by decelerating the ions in a constant field.
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Toyoda M. Development of multi-turn time-of-flight mass spectrometers and their applications. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2010; 16:397-406. [PMID: 20530824 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The mass resolution of a time-of-flight (ToF) mass spectrometer is directly proportional to its total flight path length. We have developed multi-turn ToF mass spectrometers, where ions are stored in a fixed orbit within electrostatic sectors and allowed to propagate the said orbit numerous times. With each successive orbit, the flight path is correspondingly increasing. The first multi-turn ToF mass spectrometer, the MULTUM Linear plus, was developed for cometary exploration. The spectrometer consists of four cylindrical electrostatic sectors and 28 electrostatic quadrupole lenses. The size of the analyzer is 40 cm square. Mass resolution is demonstrated to increase according to the number of ion cycles. A mass resolution of greater than 350,000 was achieved after 501.5 cycles. Another multi-turn ToF mass spectrometer, the MULTUM II, which consists of only four toroidal electrostatic sectors, was also developed in an effort to reduce the number of quadrupole lenses. We are developing various types of mass spectrometer based on the MULTUM II technology, a ToF/ToF mass spectrometer "MULTUM- TOF/TOF", a stigmatic imaging mass spectrometer "MULTUM-IMG" and miniature mass spectrometers of high mass resolving power, the "MULTUM-S" series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michisato Toyoda
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
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Iwamoto K, Nagao H, Toyoda M. Development of an ion trap/multi-turn time-of-flight mass spectrometer with potential- lift. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2009; 15:249-260. [PMID: 19423910 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An ion trap/multi-turn time-of-flight (ToF) mass spectrometer with potential-lift has been developed. This system consists of an external ion source, a lens system, an ion trap, a potential-lift, a multi-turn ToF mass spectrometer and a detector. The ion trap consists of hyperbolic electrode cross-sections (Paul trap) and is used as an ion storage device. The potential-lift, which is part of the flight tube, was attached between the ion trap and the multi-turn ToF mass spectrometer. The potential-lift is known to be useful for increasing the kinetic energy of the ions. In order to check the ability of the potential-lift, mass distributions of [(CsI)(n) Cs]+ clusters (n = 1-9) were measured. The relative intensity ratios of the [(CsI)(n)Cs]+ clusters were consistent with the results obtained using other apparatus. To check the properties of the new apparatus, Xe+ isotopes were analyzed using either a linear or multi-turn ToF mass spectrometer. In the linear mode, the mass resolution was 500. In the multi-turn mode, the resolution depended on the number of cycles of the multi-turn ToF mass spectrometer; the mass resolution was 4400 (FWHM) after nine cycles. This new apparatus with a high resolution will be useful for measurements of ion-molecule reactions and photodissociations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuencho Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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Shimma S, Nagao H, Giannakopulos AE, Hayakawa S, Awazu K, Toyoda M. High-energy collision-induced dissociation of phosphopeptides using a multi-turn tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometer 'MULTUM-TOF/TOF'. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2008; 43:535-537. [PMID: 18069747 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Hayakawa S, Hashimoto M, Nagao H, Awazu K, Toyoda M, Ichihara T, Shigeri Y. Study of the dissociation of a charge-reduced phosphopeptide formed by electron transfer from an alkali metal target. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2008; 22:567-572. [PMID: 18229886 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Doubly protonated phosphopeptide (YGGMHRQET(p)VDC) ions obtained by electrospray ionization were collided with Xe and Cs targets to give singly and doubly charged positive ions via collision-induced dissociation (CID). The resulting ions were analyzed and detected by using an electrostatic analyzer (ESA). Whereas doubly charged fragment ions resulting from collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) were dominant in the CID spectrum with the Xe target, singly charged fragment ions resulting from electron transfer dissociation (ETD) were dominant in the CID spectrum with the Cs target. The most intense peak resulting from ETD was estimated to be associated with the charge-reduced ion with H2 lost from the precursor. Five c-type fragment ions with amino acid residues detached consecutively from the C-terminal were clearly observed without a loss of the phosphate group. These ions must be formed by N--Calpha bond cleavage, in a manner similar to the cases of electron capture dissociation (ECD) and ETD from negative ions. Although the accuracy in m/z of the CID spectra was about +/-1 Th because of the mass analysis using the ESA, it is supposed from the m/z values of the c-type ions that these ions were accompanied by the loss of a hydrogen atom. Four z-type (or y--NH3, or y--H2O) ions analogously detached consecutively from the N-terminal were also observed. The fragmentation processes took place within the time scale of 4.5 micros in the high-energy collision. The present results demonstrated that high-energy ETD with the alkali metal target allowed determination of the position of phosphorylation and the amino acid sequence of post-translational peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Hayakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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SHIMMA S, NAGAO H, TOYODA M. Charge-Remote Fragmentation of Phospholipids in a Multi-Turn Tandem Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer"MULTUM-TOF/TOF". ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.5702/massspec.55.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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ICHIHARA T, UCHIDA S, ISHIHARA M, KATAKUSE I, TOYODA M. Construction of a Palmtop Size Multi-Turn Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer "MULTUM-S". ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.5702/massspec.55.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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