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McGinnis KR, McGee CJ, Sommerfeld T, Jarrold CC. Anion Photoelectron Imaging Spectroscopy of C 6F 5X - (X = F, Cl, Br, I). J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 38980699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c03434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The photoelectron (PE) spectra of C6F5X- (X = Cl, Br, I) and computational results on the anions and neutrals are presented and compared to previously reported results on C6F6- [McGee, C. J. J. Phys. Chem. A 2023, 127, 8556-8565.]. The spectra all exhibit broad, vibrationally unresolved detachment transitions, indicating that the equilibrium structures of the anions are significantly different from the neutrals. The PE spectrum of C6F5Cl- exhibits a parallel photoelectron angular distribution (PAD), similar to that of the previously reported C6F6- spectrum, while the PE spectra of C6F5Br- and C6F5I- have isotropic PADs, and also exhibit a prominent X- PE feature due to photodissociation of C6F5X- resulting in X- formation. Identification of the C6F5X- detachment transition origins, which is equivalent to the neutral electron affinity (EA), in all three cases is difficult, since the broadness of the detachment feature is accompanied by vanishingly small detachment cross section near the origin. Upper limits on the EAs were determined to be 1.70 eV for C6F5Cl, 2.10 eV for C6F5Br, and 2.00 eV for C6F5I, all significantly higher than the 0.76 eV upper limit determined for C6F6 with the same experiment. The broad detachment transitions are consistent with computational results, which predict very large differences between the neutral and anionic C-X (X = Cl, Br, I) bond lengths. Based on differences between the MBIS atom charges in the anions and neutrals, the excess charge in the anion is on the unique C atom and X, in contrast to the nonplanar C2v structured C6F6- anion, for which the charge is delocalized over the molecule. In C6F5Cl-, the C-Cl bond is predicted to be bent out of the plane, while both C6F5Br- and C6F5I- are predicted to be planar on average. The impact of the interruption of the symmetry in the hexafluorobenzene neutral and anion on the molecular and electronic structure of C6F5X/C6F5X- is considered, as well as the possible dissociative state leading to X- (X = Br, I) formation, and the nature of the C-X bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Rose McGinnis
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Conor J McGee
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Thomas Sommerfeld
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southeast Louisiana University, SLU 10878, Hammond, Louisiana 70402, United States
| | - Caroline Chick Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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McGee CJ, McGinnis KR, Jarrold CC. Anion Photoelectron Imaging Spectroscopy of C 6HF 5-, C 6F 6-, and the Absence of C 6H 2F 4. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:8556-8565. [PMID: 37816145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Substituents have a profound effect on the electronic structure of the benzene molecule. In this paper, we present new photoelectron spectra of the C5HF5- molecular anion, to test predictions [ Int. J. Quant. Chem. 2017, 188, e25504] that pentafluorobenzene has a positive electron affinity, as hexafluorobenzene was already known to have. The PE spectrum of C6HF5- exhibits a broad and vibrationally unresolved band due to significant differences between the structure of the anion and the neutral. The vertical detachment energy (VDE) of C5HF5- is determined to be 1.33 ± 0.05 eV, and the lowest binding energy at which the signal is observed is 0.53 ± 0.05 eV, which, if taken as the electron affinity, is in good agreement with the computed value. In addition, we attempted to generate intact C6H2F4- molecular ions using the 1,2,3,4-tetrafluorobenzene, 1,2,3,5-tetrafluorobenzene, and 1,2,4,5-tetrafluorobenzene precursors, as tetrafluorobenzene was predicted to have a near-zero but marginally positive electron affinity. Using a photoemission anion source, we were not able to produce the intact tetrafluorobenzene anion. Density functional theory calculations support a more detailed discussion of the impact of fluorine substitution on the electronic structure of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor J McGee
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Kristen Rose McGinnis
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Caroline Chick Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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3
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McGee CJ, McGinnis KR, Jarrold CC. Trend in the Electron Affinities of Fluorophenyl Radicals ·C 6H 5-xF x (1 ≤ x ≤ 4). J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:7264-7273. [PMID: 37603043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The electron affinities (EAs) of a series of ·C6H5-xFx (1 ≤ x ≤ 4) fluorophenyl radicals are determined from the photoelectron spectra of their associated fluorophenide anions generated from C6H6-xFx (1 ≤ x ≤ 4) fluorobenzene precursors. The spectra show a near-linear incremental increase in EA of 0.4 eV/x. The spectra exhibit vibrationally unresolved and broad detachment transitions consistent with significant differences in the molecular structures of the anion and neutral radical species. The experimental EAs and broad spectra are consistent with density functional theory calculations on these species. While the anion detachment transitions all involve an electron in a non-bonding orbital, the differences in structure between the neutral and anion are in part due to repulsion between the lone pair on the C-center on which the excess charge is localized and neighboring F atoms. The C6H5-xFx- (2 ≤ x ≤ 4) spectra show features at lower binding energy that appear to be due to constitutional isomers formed in the ion source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor J McGee
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Kristen Rose McGinnis
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Caroline Chick Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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Mejia-Rodriguez D, Kunitsa A, Aprà E, Govind N. Basis Set Selection for Molecular Core-Level GW Calculations. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:4919-4926. [PMID: 35816679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The GW approximation has been recently gaining popularity among the methods for simulating molecular core-level X-ray photoemission spectra. Traditionally, Gaussian-type orbital GW core-level binding energies have been computed using either the cc-pVnZ or def2-nZVP basis set families, extrapolating the obtained results to the complete basis set limit, followed by an element-specific relativistic correction. Despite achieving rather good accuracy, it has been previously stated that these binding energies are chronically underestimated. In the present work, we show that those previous studies obtained results that were not well-converged with respect to the basis set size and that, once basis set convergence is achieved, there seems to be no such underestimation. Standard techniques known to offer a good cost-accuracy ratio in other theories demonstrate that the cc-pVnZ and def2-nZVP families exhibit contraction errors and might lead to unreliable complete basis set extrapolations for absolute binding energies, often deviating about 200-500 meV from the putative basis set limit found in this work. On the other hand, uncontracted versions of these basis sets offer vastly improved convergence. Even faster convergence can be obtained using core-rich property-optimized basis set families like pcSseg-n, pcJ-n, and ccX-nZ. Finally, we also show that the improvement observed for core properties using these specialized basis sets does not degrade their description of valence excitations: vertical ionization potentials and electron affinities computed with these basis sets converge as fast as the ones obtained with the aug-cc-pVnZ family, thus offering a balanced description of both core and valence regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mejia-Rodriguez
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Alexander Kunitsa
- Zapata Computing, Inc., 100 Federal Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, United States
| | - Edoardo Aprà
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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Chou SL, Lin SY, Lin MY, Wu YJ. IR absorption spectra of hexafluorobenzene anions and pentafluorophenyl radicals in solid argon. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 252:119524. [PMID: 33582441 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hexafluorobenzene anions (HFB-) and pentafluorophenyl radicals (PFP) were generated by the electron bombardment of a HFB/Ar sample during matrix deposition. Further irradiation of the matrix sample at 365 nm detached the electron from HFB- and produced its neutral counterpart HFB in solid Ar. Secondary photolysis of the matrix sample at 160 nm destroyed HFB and generated HFB- and PFP. In a separate experiment, the photolysis of the HFB/Ar matrix at 160 nm produced PFP, Dewar-C6F6, and various neutral fluorocarbon species, but without the production of HFB-. The infrared (IR) lines of HFB- and PFP were assigned on the basis of the observed photochemical behaviors, as well as by comparing the predictions of the vibrational wavenumbers with the corresponding IR intensities and the relative stabilities of the related species predicted via the B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Lung Chou
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yeh Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jong Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001, Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
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Dobulis MA, Thompson MC, Sommerfeld T, Jarrold CC. Temporary anion states of fluorine substituted benzenes probed by charge transfer in O 2 -·C 6H 6-xF x (x = 0-5) ion-molecule complexes. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:204309. [PMID: 32486698 DOI: 10.1063/5.0011321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The broadband photoelectron source realized by detaching O2 -·X (X = neutral unsaturated molecule) complexes offers a unique opportunity to probe temporary anion states of the unsaturated species. Detachment of the ion molecule complex typically accesses a dissociative portion of the neutral potential, creating a continuum electron source that can undergo scattering with X. We present the application of this new approach to electron-neutral scattering toward a study of the series of fluorinated benzenes via photoelectron spectroscopy of O2 -·C6H6-xFx (x = 0-6) measured with several photon energies. We compare these spectra to the reference O2 -·hexane spectrum and observe evidence of temporary anion states of C6H6-xFx for species with x = 0-5 in the form of enhanced signal intensity at electron kinetic energies coinciding with the energies of the temporary anions. Furthermore, we observe autodetachment features in the x = 3, 5 spectra. Results of calculations on the isolated symmetric isomer of C6H3F3 suggest that the molecule cannot support a weakly-bound non-valence state that could be associated with the observed autodetachment. However, C6HF5 - is predicted to support a valence bound state, which, if produced by charge transfer from O2 - with sufficient vibrational energy, may undergo autodetachment. Finally, the [O2·C6F6]- spectrum is unique insofar as the spectrum is substantially higher in binding energy and qualitatively different from the x = 0-5 spectra. This result suggests much stronger interactions and charge delocalization between O2 - and C6F6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa A Dobulis
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Michael C Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Thomas Sommerfeld
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southeast Louisiana University, SLU 10878, Hammond, Louisiana 70402, USA
| | - Caroline Chick Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
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7
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Rogers JP, Anstöter CS, Bull JN, Curchod BFE, Verlet JRR. Photoelectron Spectroscopy of the Hexafluorobenzene Cluster Anions: (C 6F 6) n- ( n = 1-5) and I -(C 6F 6). J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:1602-1612. [PMID: 30694676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b11627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Frequency-resolved (2D) photoelectron (PE) spectra of the anionic clusters (C6F6) n-, for n = 1-5, and time-resolved PE spectra of I-C6F6 are presented using a newly built instrument and supported by electronic structure calculations. From the 2D PE spectra, the vertical detachment energy (VDE) of C6F6- was measured to be 1.60 ± 0.01 eV, and the adiabatic detachment energy (ADE) was ≤0.70 eV. The PE spectra also contain fingerprints of resonance dynamics over certain photon energy ranges, in agreement with the calculations. An action spectrum over the lowest resonance is also presented. The 2D spectra of (C6F6) n- show that the cluster can be described as C6F6-(C6F6) n-1. The VDE increases linearly (200 ± 20 meV n-1) due to the stabilizing influence on the anion of the solvating C6F6 molecules. For I-C6F6, action spectra of the absorption just below both detachment channels are presented. Time-resolved PE spectra of I-C6F6 excited at 3.10 eV and probed at 1.55 eV reveal a short-lived nonvalence state of C6F6- that coherently evolves into the valence ground state of the anion and induces vibrational motion along a specific buckling coordinate. Electronic structure calculations along the displacement of this mode show that at the extreme buckling angle the probe can access an excited state of the anion that is bound at that geometry but adiabatically unbound. Hence, slow electrons are emitted and show dynamics that predominantly probe the outer-turning point of the motion. A PE spectrum taken at t = 0 contains a vibrational structure assigned to a specific Raman- or IR-active mode of C6F6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Rogers
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - Cate S Anstöter
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - James N Bull
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - Basile F E Curchod
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - Jan R R Verlet
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
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8
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Williams BA, Siedle AR, Jarrold CC. Evidence of CF 2 Loss from Fluorine-Rich Cluster Anions Generated from Laser Ablation of Graphite Fluoride. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:9894-9900. [PMID: 30500186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b09983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A mass spectrometric analysis of the anionic and cationic species generated by laser ablation of graphite fluoride (GF) and graphite targets performed under identical sets of conditions is presented. Under conditions that produce typical C n- cluster mass distributions from ablation of graphite, the mass spectra of anionic species generated by ablation of GF are congested with overlapping stoichiometric patterns such as C nF2 n and C nF(2 n-2). Some of the molecular formulas for these clusters, such as C6F6, C6F12, and C7F8, are evocative of stable neutral fluorocarbons. Additionally, the GF-ablation generated mass peaks broaden at higher masses more than the graphite-based counterparts, which may indicate cluster fragmentation. Furthermore, a pattern of fragmentation via loss of CF2 is observed and is reminiscent of previous studies which determined CF2 loss during thermal decomposition. No species were seen in the mass spectra of the cationic species generated from laser ablation of GF, while, under the same conditions, typical C n+ cluster distributions were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Williams
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Allen R Siedle
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Caroline Chick Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
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9
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Rogers JP, Anstöter CS, Verlet JRR. Evidence of Electron Capture of an Outgoing Photoelectron Wave by a Nonvalence State in (C 6F 6) n. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:2504-2509. [PMID: 29694047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Frequency-resolved photoelectron spectra are presented for (C6F6) n- with n = 1-5 that show that C6F6- is solvated by neutral C6F6 molecules. Direct photodetachment channels of C6F6- are observed for all n, leaving the neutral in the S0 ground state or triplet states, T1 and T2. For n ≥ 2, an additional indirect electron loss channel is observed when the triplet-state channels open. This indirect emission appears to arise from the electron capture of the outgoing photoelectron s-wave by a neutral solvent molecule through an anion nonvalence state. The same process is not observed for the S0 detachment channel because the outgoing electron wave is predominantly a p-wave. Our results show that anion nonvalence states can act as electron-accepting states in cluster environments and can be viewed as precursor states for diffuse states of liquid C6F6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Rogers
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - Cate S Anstöter
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - Jan R R Verlet
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
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10
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Govoni M, Galli G. GW100: Comparison of Methods and Accuracy of Results Obtained with the WEST Code. J Chem Theory Comput 2018; 14:1895-1909. [PMID: 29397712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reproducibility of calculations carried out within many-body perturbation theory at the G0 W0 level is assessed for 100 closed shell molecules and compared to that of density functional theory. We consider vertical ionization potentials (VIP) and electron affinities (VEA) obtained with five different codes: BerkeleyGW, FHI-aims, TURBOMOLE, VASP, and WEST. We review the approximations and parameters that control the accuracy of G0 W0 results in each code, and we discuss in detail the effect of extrapolation techniques for the parameters entering the WEST code. Differences between the VIP and VEA computed with the various codes are within ∼60 and ∼120 meV, respectively, which is up to four times larger than in the case of the best results obtained with DFT codes. Vertical ionization potentials are validated against experiment and CCSD(T) quantum chemistry results showing a mean absolute relative error of ∼4% for data obtained with WEST. Our analysis of the differences between localized orbitals and plane-wave implementations points out molecules containing Cu, I, Ga, and Xe as major sources of discrepancies, which call for a re-evaluation of the pseudopotentials used for these systems in G0 W0 calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Govoni
- Institute for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Giulia Galli
- Institute for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
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11
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Ultrafast dynamics of low-energy electron attachment via a non-valence correlation-bound state. Nat Chem 2018; 10:341-346. [PMID: 29461530 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The primary electron-attachment process in electron-driven chemistry represents one of the most fundamental chemical transformations with wide-ranging importance in science and technology. However, the mechanistic detail of the seemingly simple reaction of an electron and a neutral molecule to form an anion remains poorly understood, particularly at very low electron energies. Here, time-resolved photoelectron imaging was used to probe the electron-attachment process to a non-polar molecule using time-resolved methods. An initially populated diffuse non-valence state of the anion that is bound by correlation forces evolves coherently in ∼30 fs into a valence state of the anion. The extreme efficiency with which the correlation-bound state serves as a doorway state for low-energy electron attachment explains a number of electron-driven processes, such as anion formation in the interstellar medium and electron attachment to fullerenes.
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12
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Maggio E, Liu P, van Setten MJ, Kresse G. GW100: A Plane Wave Perspective for Small Molecules. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:635-648. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Maggio
- Faculty
of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peitao Liu
- Faculty
of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute
of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Michiel J. van Setten
- Nanoscopic
Physics, Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Georg Kresse
- Faculty
of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Zhao H, Zhou J, Jena P. Substituent‐Stabilized Organic Dianions in the Gas Phase and Their Potential Use as Electrolytes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:2992-2997. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Zhao
- Department of Physics School of Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China
- Department of Physics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia 23284 USA
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Physics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia 23284 USA
| | - Puru Jena
- Department of Physics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia 23284 USA
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Voora VK, Jordan KD. Nonvalence Correlation-Bound Anion State of C6F6: Doorway to Low-Energy Electron Capture. J Phys Chem A 2013; 118:7201-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jp408386f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vamsee K. Voora
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Kenneth D. Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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15
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Hydrodefluorination of polyfluoro-2-naphthylamines by Zn in aqueous NH3: A correlation of the product distribution and the computationally predicted regioselectivity of the substrate radical anion fragmentation. J Fluor Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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