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Lv X, Song J, Fu X, Guo S, Gu J, Meng L, Lu CZ. Enhancing Reverse Intersystem Crossing in Triptycene-TADF Emitters: Theoretical Insights into Reorganization Energy and Heavy Atom Effects. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:1611-1619. [PMID: 38382059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c08107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters based on the triptycene skeleton demonstrate exceptional performance, superior stability, and low efficiency roll-off. Understanding the interplay between the luminescent properties of triptycene-TADF molecules and their assembly environments, along with their excited-state characteristics, necessitates a comprehensive theoretical exploration. Herein, we predict the photophysical properties of triptycene-TADF molecules in a thin film environment using the quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics method and quantify their substantial dependency on the heavy atom effects and reorganization energies using the Marcus-Levich theory. Our calculated photophysical properties for two recently reported molecules closely align with experimental values. We design three novel triptycene-TADF molecules by incorporating chalcogen elements (O, S, and Se) to modify the acceptor units. These newly designed molecules exhibit reduced reorganization energies and enhanced reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) rates. The heavy atom effect amplifies spin-orbit coupling, thereby facilitating the RISC process, particularly at a remarkably high rate of ∼109 s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Jinhui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Xifeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Sai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Junjing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Lingyi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Can-Zhong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
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Wei Z, Lin S, Zuo T, Li Q, Jiang S, Qi F, Yang M, Gu J, Meng L, Lu CZ. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials with aggregation-induced emission properties: a QM/MM study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:25789-25796. [PMID: 34766607 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04190h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organic molecules with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and aggregation induced emission (AIE) properties have attracted increasing research interest due to their great potential applications in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), especially for those with multicolor mechanochromic luminescence (MCL) features. Theoretical research on the luminescence characteristics of organic TADF emitters based on the aggregation states is highly desired to quantify the relationship between the TADF properties and aggregation states. In this work, we study the 4,4'-(6-(9,9-dimethylacridine-10(9H)-yl)quinoline-2,3-dibenzonitrile (DMAC-CNQ) emitter with TADF and AIE properties, and calculate the photophysical properties in gas, solid and amorphous states by using the quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics (QM/MM) method. Our simulations demonstrate that the aggregation states enhance obviously the reverse intersystem crossing rates and transition dipole moments of the DMAC-CNQ emitter, and suppress the non-radiative rates from the lowest excited singlet state (S1) to ground state (S0). Specifically, the molecular stacking of DMAC-CNQ in solid phases can mainly restrict the geometric torsion of the DMAC moiety for decreasing non-radiative decay rates, and the torsion of the CNQ moiety for increasing the reverse intersystem crossing rates. As a result, the calculated fluorescence efficiencies of the DMAC-CNQ emitter in the crystal and amorphous states are 67% and 26% respectively, and in good agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China. .,College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Shiyun Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zuo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China. .,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Qikai Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China. .,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China. .,College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Mingxue Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China. .,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Junjing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Lingyi Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China. .,College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Can-Zhong Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China. .,College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Peng Q, Niu Y, Shi Q, Gao X, Shuai Z. Correlation Function Formalism for Triplet Excited State Decay: Combined Spin–Orbit and Nonadiabatic Couplings. J Chem Theory Comput 2013; 9:1132-43. [DOI: 10.1021/ct300798t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yingli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular
Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Shuai
- Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular
Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, P. R. China
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