1
|
Welling TA, Schoemaker SE, de Jong KP, de Jongh PE. Carbon Nanofiber Growth Rates on NiCu Catalysts: Quantitative Coupling of Macroscopic and Nanoscale In Situ Studies. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:15766-15774. [PMID: 37609377 PMCID: PMC10440819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c02657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Since recently, gas-cell transmission electron microscopy allows for direct, nanoscale imaging of catalysts during reaction. However, often systems are too perturbed by the imaging conditions to be relevant for real-life catalyzed conversions. We followed carbon nanofiber growth from NiCu-catalyzed methane decomposition under working conditions (550 °C, 1 bar of 5% H2, 45% CH4, and 50% Ar), directly comparing the time-resolved overall carbon growth rates in a reactor (measured gravimetrically) and nanometer-scale carbon growth observations (by electron microscopy). Good quantitative agreement in time-dependent growth rates allowed for validation of the electron microscopy measurements and detailed insight into the contribution of individual catalyst nanoparticles in these inherently heterogeneous catalysts to the overall carbon growth. The smallest particles did not contribute significantly to carbon growth, while larger particles (8-16 nm) exhibited high carbon growth rates but deactivated quickly. Even larger particles grew carbon slowly without significant deactivation. This methodology paves the way to understanding macroscopic rates of catalyzed reactions based on nanoscale in situ observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Krijn P. de Jong
- Materials Chemistry &
Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Petra E. de Jongh
- Materials Chemistry &
Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang X, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Li M, Yu H, Li X. Advanced In Situ TEM Microchip with Excellent Temperature Uniformity and High Spatial Resolution. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23094470. [PMID: 37177673 PMCID: PMC10181734 DOI: 10.3390/s23094470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a highly effective method for scientific research, providing comprehensive analysis and characterization. However, traditional TEM is limited to observing static material structures at room temperature within a high-vacuum environment. To address this limitation, a microchip was developed for in situ TEM characterization, enabling the real-time study of material structure evolution and chemical process mechanisms. This microchip, based on microelectromechanical System (MEMS) technology, is capable of introducing multi-physics stimulation and can be used in conjunction with TEM to investigate the dynamic changes of matter in gas and high-temperature environments. The microchip design ensures a high-temperature uniformity in the sample observation area, and a system of tests was established to verify its performance. Results show that the temperature uniformity of 10 real-time observation windows with a total area of up to 1130 μm2 exceeded 95%, and the spatial resolution reached the lattice level, even in a flowing atmosphere of 1 bar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yufan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hashimoto A, Han Y, Akimoto H, Hozumi R, Takeguchi M. Development of a gas environmental heating specimen holder system using differential pumping. Microscopy (Oxf) 2021; 70:545-549. [PMID: 34046671 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfab019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a gas environmental heating specimen holder system by applying differential pumping effect to a specimen holder for the insitu transmission electron microscopy observation and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analysis of catalytic materials. In the insitu experiments, using two small orifices and O-rings, the maximum formed gas pressure was ∼20 Pa. Also, using a heater membrane, the maximum obtained heating temperature was ∼1000°C. We could actually observe/analyze the Pt and Ni nanoparticles with an atomic scale using a double-aberration-corrected microscope and an EELS instrument in the reaction gases at high temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Hashimoto
- In-situ Characterization Technique Development Group, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan.,Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan.,Electron Microscopy Analysis Station, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan.,PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Yutain Han
- In-situ Characterization Technique Development Group, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan.,Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Hajime Akimoto
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan.,Electron Microscopy Analysis Station, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Ryo Hozumi
- In-situ Characterization Technique Development Group, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan.,Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Masaki Takeguchi
- In-situ Characterization Technique Development Group, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan.,Electron Microscopy Analysis Station, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan.,Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim J, Choi H, Kim D, Park JY. Operando Surface Studies on Metal-Oxide Interfaces of Bimetal and Mixed Catalysts. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeongjin Kim
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseul Choi
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeho Kim
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Young Park
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Choi JIJ, Kim TS, Kim D, Lee SW, Park JY. Operando Surface Characterization on Catalytic and Energy Materials from Single Crystals to Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2020; 14:16392-16413. [PMID: 33210917 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Modern surface science faces two major challenges, a materials gap and a pressure gap. While studies on single crystal surface in ultrahigh vacuum have uncovered the atomic and electronic structures of the surface, the materials and environmental conditions of commercial catalysis are much more complicated, both in the structure of the materials and in the accessible pressure range of analysis instruments. Model systems and operando surface techniques have been developed to bridge these gaps. In this Review, we highlight the current trends in the development of the surface characterization techniques and methodologies in more realistic environments, with emphasis on recent research efforts at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology. We show principles and applications of the microscopic and spectroscopic surface techniques at ambient pressure that were used for the characterization of atomic structure, electronic structure, charge transport, and the mechanical properties of catalytic and energy materials. Ambient pressure scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy allow us to observe the surface restructuring that occurs during oxidation, reduction, and catalytic processes. In addition, we introduce the ambient pressure atomic force microscopy that revealed the morphological, mechanical, and charge transport properties that occur during the catalytic and energy conversion processes. Hot electron detection enables the monitoring of catalytic reactions and electronic excitations on the surface. Overall, the information on the nature of catalytic reactions obtained with operando spectroscopic and microscopic techniques may bring breakthroughs in some of the global energy and environmental problems the world is facing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joong Il Jake Choi
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Taek-Seung Kim
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Daeho Kim
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Si Woo Lee
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jeong Young Park
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tang M, Yuan W, Ou Y, Li G, You R, Li S, Yang H, Zhang Z, Wang Y. Recent Progresses on Structural Reconstruction of Nanosized Metal Catalysts via Controlled-Atmosphere Transmission Electron Microscopy: A Review. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Tang
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wentao Yuan
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yang Ou
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guanxing Li
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ruiyang You
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Songda Li
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hangsheng Yang
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Boniface M, Plodinec M, Schlögl R, Lunkenbein T. Quo Vadis Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems for the Study of Heterogeneous Catalysts Inside the Electron Microscope? Top Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-020-01398-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDuring the last decade, modern micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology has been used to create cells that can act as catalytic nanoreactors and fit into the sample holders of transmission electron microscopes. These nanoreactors can maintain atmospheric or higher pressures inside the cells as they seal gases or liquids from the vacuum of the TEM column and can reach temperatures exceeding 1000 °C. This has led to a paradigm shift in electron microscopy, which facilitates the local characterization of structural and morphological changes of solid catalysts under working conditions. In this review, we outline the development of state-of-the-art nanoreactor setups that are commercially available and are currently applied to study catalytic reactions in situ or operando in gaseous or liquid environments. We also discuss challenges that are associated with the use of environmental cells. In catalysis studies, one of the major challenge is the interpretation of the results while considering the discrepancies in kinetics between MEMS based gas cells and fixed bed reactors, the interactions of the electron beam with the sample, as well as support effects. Finally, we critically analyze the general role of MEMS based nanoreactors in electron microscopy and catalysis communities and present possible future directions.
Collapse
|
8
|
Meijerink MJ, de Jong KP, Zečević J. Growth of Supported Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous Phase Studied by in Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2020; 124:2202-2212. [PMID: 32010421 PMCID: PMC6986453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle growth has long been a significant challenge in nanotechnology and catalysis, but the lack of knowledge on the fundamental nanoscale aspects of this process has made its understanding and prediction difficult, especially in a liquid phase. In this work, we successfully used liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (LP-TEM) to image this process in real time at the nanometer scale, using an Au/TiO2 catalyst in the presence of NaCl(aq) as a case study. In situ LP-TEM clearly showed that the growth of Au nanoparticles occurred through a form of Ostwald ripening, whereby particles grew or disappeared, probably via monomer transfer, without clear correlation to particle size in contrast to predictions of classical Ostwald ripening models. In addition, the existence of a significant fraction of inert particles that neither grew nor shrank was observed. Furthermore, in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that particle shrinkage was sudden and seemed a stochastic process, while particle growth by monomer attachment was slow and likely the rate-determining step for sintering in this system. Identification and understanding of these individual nanoparticle events are critical for extending the accuracy and predictive power of Ostwald ripening models for nanomaterials.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zachman MJ, Hachtel JA, Idrobo JC, Chi M. Emerging Electron Microscopy Techniques for Probing Functional Interfaces in Energy Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201902993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Zachman
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| | - Jordan A. Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| | - Miaofang Chi
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zachman MJ, Hachtel JA, Idrobo JC, Chi M. Emerging Electron Microscopy Techniques for Probing Functional Interfaces in Energy Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:1384-1396. [PMID: 31081976 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Interfaces play a fundamental role in many areas of chemistry. However, their localized nature requires characterization techniques with high spatial resolution in order to fully understand their structure and properties. State-of-the-art atomic resolution or in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy are indispensable tools for characterizing the local structure and chemistry of materials with single-atom resolution, but they are not able to measure many properties that dictate function, such as vibrational modes or charge transfer, and are limited to room-temperature samples containing no liquids. Here, we outline emerging electron microscopy techniques that are allowing these limitations to be overcome and highlight several recent studies that were enabled by these techniques. We then provide a vision for how these techniques can be paired with each other and with in situ methods to deliver new insights into the static and dynamic behavior of functional interfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Zachman
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Miaofang Chi
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gradov OV, Gradova MA. Methods of electron microscopy of biological and abiogenic structures in artificial gas atmospheres. SURFACE ENGINEERING AND APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.3103/s1068375516010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
12
|
Villa A, Dimitratos N, Chan-Thaw CE, Hammond C, Veith GM, Wang D, Manzoli M, Prati L, Hutchings GJ. Characterisation of gold catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:4953-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00350d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Au-based catalysts have established a new important field of catalysis, revealing specific properties in terms of both high activity and selectivity for many reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Villa
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli studi di Milano
- Milano
- Italy
| | | | | | | | - Gabriel M. Veith
- Materials Science and Technology Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Maela Manzoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Torino
- Torino
- Italy
| | - Laura Prati
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli studi di Milano
- Milano
- Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Colby R, Alsem D, Liyu A, Kabius B. A method for measuring the local gas pressure within a gas-flow stage in situ in the transmission electron microscope. Ultramicroscopy 2015; 153:55-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
14
|
Takeda S, Kuwauchi Y, Yoshida H. Environmental transmission electron microscopy for catalyst materials using a spherical aberration corrector. Ultramicroscopy 2015; 151:178-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
Hansen TW, Wagner JB. Catalysts under Controlled Atmospheres in the Transmission Electron Microscope. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs401148d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W. Hansen
- Center for Electron Nanoscopy, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jakob B. Wagner
- Center for Electron Nanoscopy, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yoshida K, Tominaga T, Hanatani T, Tagami A, Sasaki Y, Yamasaki J, Saitoh K, Tanaka N. Key factors for the dynamic ETEM observation of single atoms. Microscopy (Oxf) 2013; 62:571-82. [DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dft033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
17
|
Ju B, Fan T. Experimental Study on Nanoparticles Transport and Its Effects on Two-Phase Flow Behavior in Porous Networks. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2012.669028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
18
|
Takeda S, Yoshida H. Atomic-resolution environmental TEM for quantitativein-situmicroscopy in materials science. Microscopy (Oxf) 2013; 62:193-203. [DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfs096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
19
|
Influence of total beam current on HRTEM image resolution in differentially pumped ETEM with nitrogen gas. Ultramicroscopy 2013; 124:46-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
20
|
Direct observation of biological molecules in liquid by environmental phase-plate transmission electron microscopy. Micron 2012; 43:1091-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2012.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
21
|
In-situ TEM on (de)hydrogenation of Pd at 0.5–4.5bar hydrogen pressure and 20–400°C. Ultramicroscopy 2012; 112:47-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2011.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
22
|
Suga M, Nishiyama H, Konyuba Y, Iwamatsu S, Watanabe Y, Yoshiura C, Ueda T, Sato C. The Atmospheric Scanning Electron Microscope with open sample space observes dynamic phenomena in liquid or gas. Ultramicroscopy 2011; 111:1650-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
23
|
Abstract
Imaging samples in liquids with electron microscopy can provide unique insights into biological systems, such as cells containing labelled proteins, and into processes of importance in materials science, such as nanoparticle synthesis and electrochemical deposition. Here we review recent progress in the use of electron microscopy in liquids and its applications. We examine the experimental challenges involved and the resolution that can be achieved with different forms of the technique. We conclude by assessing the potential role that electron microscopy of liquid samples can play in areas such as energy storage and bioimaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niels de Jonge
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2215 Garland Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
|