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Srivastav S, Bapat B. Post collision analyzer to study charge-exchange processes in ion-molecule collisions. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:113306. [PMID: 36461437 DOI: 10.1063/5.0121351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We have designed an electrostatic charge state analyzer for ion beams having energies in the range of 5-20 keV/q. It is primarily built to investigate the different ionization processes involved in the slow (v < 1 a.u.) impact of highly charged ions on molecules. The analyzer is a cylindrical deflector analyzer (CDA) based on a pair of concentric cylindrical sectors of radii 110.2 and 95 mm, subtending an angle of 127° at its center. Additionally, an Einzel lens and a quadrupole deflector are deployed to focus and steer the ion beam. The compact design of the analyzer permits easy integration with an ion momentum spectrometer used for studying the fragmentation of the target molecules. The characterization of the CDA including its calibration and its transmission function is carried out using an ion beam delivered from an electron beam ion source. To check the performance of the setup, we have carried out experiments comprising the impact of Ar16+ projectiles on CO2 target molecules at an energy of 18 keV/q. With the help of the CDA, different charge exchange ionization processes, such as single capture, double capture, and triple capture of electrons by the projectile ion have been separated efficiently. The possibility of a modification in the geometry of CDA is discussed to further improve its performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Srivastav
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Bhas Bapat
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
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Schotsch F, Zebergs I, Augustin S, Lindenblatt H, Hoibl L, Djendjur D, Schroeter CD, Pfeifer T, Moshammer R. TrapREMI: A reaction microscope inside an electrostatic ion beam trap. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:123201. [PMID: 34972421 DOI: 10.1063/5.0065454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A new experimental setup has been developed to investigate the reactions of molecular ions and charged clusters with a variety of projectile beams. An Electrostatic Ion Beam Trap (EIBT) stores fast ions at keV energies in an oscillatory motion. By crossing it with a projectile beam, e.g., an IR laser, molecular reactions can be induced. We implemented a Reaction Microscope (REMI) in the field-free region of the EIBT to perform coincidence spectroscopy on the resulting reaction products. In contrast to prior experiments, this unique combination of techniques allows us to measure the 3D momentum-vectors of ions, electrons, and neutrals as reaction products in coincidence. At the same time, the EIBT allows for advanced target preparation techniques, e.g., relaxation of hot molecules during storage times of up to seconds, autoresonance cooling, and recycling of target species, which are difficult to prepare. Otherwise, the TrapREMI setup can be connected to a variety of projectile sources, e.g., atomic gas jets, large-scale radiation facilities, and ultrashort laser pulses, which enable even time-resolved studies. Here, we describe the setup and a first photodissociation experiment on H2 +, which demonstrates the ion-neutral coincidence detection in the TrapREMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Schotsch
- Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - I Zebergs
- Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - S Augustin
- Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - H Lindenblatt
- Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - L Hoibl
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ruprecht-Karls University, 69120 Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - D Djendjur
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ruprecht-Karls University, 69120 Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - C D Schroeter
- Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - T Pfeifer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - R Moshammer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
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Nedzelskiy I, Sharma R, Malaquias A, Henriques R. Properties of the 90° cylindrical energy analyzer with internal deceleration of the beam in real conditions of operation. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bejjani R, Roucou A, Urbain X, Moshkunov K, Vanlancker G, Lauzin C. STARGATE: A new instrument for high-resolution photodissociation spectroscopy of cold ionic species. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:033307. [PMID: 33820109 DOI: 10.1063/5.0039627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopy of transient anions and radicals by gated and accelerated time-of-flight experiment is a new spectrometer developed in UCLouvain. This instrument measures high-resolution photodissociation spectra of mass-selected ions by the combination of a time-of-flight spectrometer including a specific gating, bunching, and re-referencing unit with a nanosecond pulsed dye laser, a pulsed deflection, and an energy selector. The ionic species are generated in a supersonic jet expansion by means of an electric discharge or by the impact of electrons coming from an electron gun. The versatility of the molecular systems that can be addressed by this instrument is illustrated by the presentation of mass spectra of cations, anions, and ionic clusters formed from different gas mixtures and backing pressures. The high-resolution spectrum of the A~2Σ+(002)←X~2Π3/2(000) and A~2Σ+(002)←X~2Π1/2(000) rovibronic bands of N2O+ has been measured and analyzed to provide refined molecular parameters in the A~2Σ+(002) upper state. The A~2Σ+(002)←X~2Π3/2(000) band has been used to evaluate the quality of the experimental setup in terms of rotational temperature, time of measurement for certain signal to noise ratio, and the accuracy of the determination of the wavenumber scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghed Bejjani
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Anthony Roucou
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Xavier Urbain
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Konstantin Moshkunov
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Guilhem Vanlancker
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Clément Lauzin
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
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Micke P, Leopold T, King SA, Benkler E, Spieß LJ, Schmöger L, Schwarz M, Crespo López-Urrutia JR, Schmidt PO. Coherent laser spectroscopy of highly charged ions using quantum logic. Nature 2020; 578:60-65. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-1959-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Nedzelskiy I, Malaquias A, Sharma R, Henriques R. 90° cylindrical analyzer for the plasma potential fluctuations measurements by heavy ion beam diagnostic on the tokamak ISTTOK. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.03.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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O'Connor AP, Grussie F, Bruhns H, de Ruette N, Koenning TP, Miller KA, Savin DW, Stützel J, Urbain X, Kreckel H. Generation of neutral atomic beams utilizing photodetachment by high power diode laser stacks. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:113306. [PMID: 26628128 DOI: 10.1063/1.4934873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the use of high power diode laser stacks to photodetach fast hydrogen and carbon anions and produce ground term neutral atomic beams. We achieve photodetachment efficiencies of ∼7.4% for H(-) at a beam energy of 10 keV and ∼3.7% for C(-) at 28 keV. The diode laser systems used here operate at 975 nm and 808 nm, respectively, and provide high continuous power levels of up to 2 kW, without the need of additional enhancements like optical cavities. The alignment of the beams is straightforward and operation at constant power levels is very stable, while maintenance is minimal. We present a dedicated photodetachment setup that is suitable to efficiently neutralize the majority of stable negative ions in the periodic table.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P O'Connor
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Grussie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Bruhns
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - N de Ruette
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - T P Koenning
- Dilas Diode Laser, Inc., Tucson, Arizona 85715, USA
| | - K A Miller
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - D W Savin
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - J Stützel
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - X Urbain
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - H Kreckel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Schlösser M, Rudnev V, González Ureña Á. Radio-frequency ion deflector for mass separation. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:103302. [PMID: 26520948 DOI: 10.1063/1.4934201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic cylindrical deflectors act as energy analyzer for ion beams. In this article, we present that by imposing of a radio-frequency modulation on the deflecting electric field, the ion transmission becomes mass dependent. By the choice of the appropriate frequency, amplitude, and phase, the deflector can be used as mass filter. The basic concept of the new instrument as well as simple mathematic relations are described. These calculations and further numerical simulations show that a mass sensitivity is achievable. Furthermore, we demonstrate the proof-of-principle in experimental measurements, compare the results to those of from a 1 m linear time-of-flight spectrometer, and comment on the mass resolution of the method. Finally, some potential applications are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Schlösser
- Unidad de Láseres y Haces Moleculares, Instituto Plurisdisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Vitaly Rudnev
- Unidad de Láseres y Haces Moleculares, Instituto Plurisdisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Ángel González Ureña
- Unidad de Láseres y Haces Moleculares, Instituto Plurisdisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Jordan E, Cerchiari G, Fritzsche S, Kellerbauer A. High-resolution spectroscopy on the laser-cooling candidate La^{-}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:113001. [PMID: 26406825 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.113001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The bound-bound transition from the 5d^{2}6s^{2} ^{3}F_{2}^{e} ground state to the 5d6s^{2}6p ^{3}D_{1}^{o} excited state in negative lanthanum has been proposed as a candidate for laser cooling, which has not yet been achieved for negative ions. Anion laser cooling holds the potential to allow the production of ultracold ensembles of any negatively charged species. We have studied the aforementioned transition in a beam of negative La ions by high-resolution laser spectroscopy. The center-of-gravity frequency was measured to be 96.592 80(10) THz. Seven of the nine expected hyperfine structure transitions were resolved. The observed peaks were unambiguously assigned to the predicted hyperfine transitions by a fit, confirmed by multiconfigurational self-consistent field calculations. From the determined hyperfine structure we conclude that La^{-} is a promising laser cooling candidate. Using this transition, only three laser beams would be required to repump all hyperfine levels of the ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jordan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Cerchiari
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Fritzsche
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A Kellerbauer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Mills AA, Siller BM, Porambo MW, Perera M, Kreckel H, McCall BJ. Ultra-sensitive high-precision spectroscopy of a fast molecular ion beam. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:224201. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3665925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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