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Fluorescence Anisotropy Sensor Comprising a Dual Hollow-Core Antiresonant Fiber Polarization Beam Splitter. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20113321. [PMID: 32545205 PMCID: PMC7308924 DOI: 10.3390/s20113321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence anisotropy imaging and sensing is a widely recognized method for studying molecular orientation and mobility. However, introducing this technique to in vivo systems is a challenging task, especially when one considers multiphoton excitation methods. Past two decades have brought a possible solution to this issue in the form of hollow-core antiresonant fibers (HC-ARFs). The continuous development of their fabrication technology has resulted in the appearance of more and more sophisticated structures. One of the most promising concepts concerns dual hollow-core antiresonant fibers (DHC-ARFs), which can be used to split and combine optical signals, effectively working as optical fiber couplers. In this paper, the design of a fluorescence anisotropy sensor based on a DHC-ARF structure is presented. The main purpose of the proposed DHC-ARF is multiphoton-excited fluorescence spectroscopy; however, other applications are also possible.
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Masters TA, Marsh RJ, Blacker TS, Armoogum DA, Larijani B, Bain AJ. Polarized two-photon photoselection in EGFP: Theory and experiment. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:134311. [PMID: 29626864 DOI: 10.1063/1.5011642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we present a complete theoretical description of the excited state order created by two-photon photoselection from an isotropic ground state; this encompasses both the conventionally measured quadrupolar (K = 2) and the "hidden" degree of hexadecapolar (K = 4) transition dipole alignment, their dependence on the two-photon transition tensor and emission transition dipole moment orientation. Linearly and circularly polarized two-photon absorption (TPA) and time-resolved single- and two-photon fluorescence anisotropy measurements are used to determine the structure of the transition tensor in the deprotonated form of enhanced green fluorescent protein. For excitation wavelengths between 800 nm and 900 nm, TPA is best described by a single element, almost completely diagonal, two-dimensional (planar) transition tensor whose principal axis is collinear to that of the single-photon S0 → S1 transition moment. These observations are in accordance with assignments of the near-infrared two-photon absorption band in fluorescent proteins to a vibronically enhanced S0 → S1 transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Masters
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R J Marsh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - T S Blacker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D A Armoogum
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - B Larijani
- Cell Biophysics Laboratory, Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science and Unidad de Biofisica (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - A J Bain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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Zhang H, Alifu N, Jiang T, Zhu Z, Wang Y, Hua J, Qian J. Biocompatible aggregation-induced emission nanoparticles with red emission for in vivo three-photon brain vascular imaging. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:2757-2762. [PMID: 32264162 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00156h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Three-photon luminescence (3PL) imaging with near-infrared (NIR) excitation is quite promising for its deep penetration, high resolution, and good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this report, a type of red emissive fluorophore TPEPT with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties was synthesized, and it was found to possess a large three-photon absorption (3PA) cross-section of 6.33 × 10-78 cm6 s2 under 1550 nm femtosecond laser excitation. TPEPT was then encapsulated with mPEG5000-DSPE to form AIE nanoparticles, and the chemical stability, optical properties and toxicity were studied afterwards. TPEPT nanoparticles were then applied for 3PL in vivo vascular imaging of mouse brain under 1550 nm fs laser excitation, and a fine three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction with a depth of 500 μm was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hequn Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentations, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Friese DH, Beerepoot MTP, Ruud K. Rotational averaging of multiphoton absorption cross sections. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:204103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4901563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H. Friese
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Tromsø — The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Maarten T. P. Beerepoot
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Tromsø — The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kenneth Ruud
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Tromsø — The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
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Meath WJ, Jagatap BN. On the effects of permanent molecular dipoles in the simultaneous absorption of two photons: full generalized rotating wave approximation versus analytical results. J Chem Phys 2014; 139:144104. [PMID: 24116600 DOI: 10.1063/1.4824382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of permanent dipoles, and the relative effects of the direct permanent dipole and the virtual state excitation mechanisms, are discussed for excitations involving the simultaneous absorption of two identical photons. Two molecular models for two-photon excitation, one dominated by the direct permanent dipole mechanism and the other having significant contributions from both excitation mechanisms, are used for this purpose. Resonance profiles, as a function of laser intensity, are evaluated for both models by employing the full Generalized Rotating Wave Approximation method and the recently developed Analytic Generalized Rotating Wave Approximation (AGRWA). The profiles are used to assess (1) the nature of the effects of permanent molecular dipoles, (2) the relative contributions of the two excitation mechanisms, and (3) the validity of the AGRWA for two-photon excitations. The AGRWA is a very useful interpretive∕predictive tool even for higher laser intensities where its validity becomes questionable. It can be used to suggest how to exploit the effects of molecular permanent dipoles to enhance two photon excitations using both excitation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Meath
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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Zhao F, Wang C, Zeng Y, Zhou Y, Qin M. Polarization-induced fluorescence modulation in a self-assembled coordination cage-shaped complex. APPLIED OPTICS 2013; 52:7132-7136. [PMID: 24217730 DOI: 10.1364/ao.52.007132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Polarization-induced fluorescence modulation behavior of a self-assembled coordination cage-shaped complex was investigated using femtosecond laser pulses. The variations of the total two-photon-induced fluorescence (TPF) intensity were found to be strongly modulated by different polarized incident lights and tightly dependent on the linearly polarized component of the excited light. The polarization-induced modulation efficiency of the TPF underwent intensity-dependent decrease, which could be attributed to the two-photon-induced excited-state absorption. The nonlinear absorption behavior of the complex was also studied by performing both femtosecond open aperture Z-scan and nonlinear transmission measurements, which help to better understand the intrinsic optical properties of the molecule and portend its practical applications.
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Liu J, Li G, Wang Y. Impact of electron acceptor on three-photon absorption cross-section of the fluorene derivatives. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:7445-51. [PMID: 22765045 DOI: 10.1021/jp301657g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Small three-photon absorption (3PA) cross-section values of present nonlinear organic molecules limit their practical applications. Although electron donors and electron acceptors have a great effect on 3PA cross-section, little is known about how the strength and situation of electron acceptors influence the 3PA cross-section value of a compound. The present work reports 3PA effects of two fluorene derivatives with symmetric D-π-π(A)-π-D archetype, which are named as 2,7-bis(4-methoxyphenylacetylene)-9-fluorenone (FATT) and 2,7-bis(4-methoxyphenylacetylene)-9-thoine-fluorene (TSATL). Large 3PA cross-section and ideal 3PA-induced optical limiting effects have been found in the two fluorene derivatives. The two molecules both have a different electron acceptor on the fluorene core, by which the 3PA cross-section value for FATT is enhanced by nearly 3-fold compared with that for TSATL. The mechanism of this significant enhancement in 3PA cross-section has been investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and configuration interaction singles (CIS) method with use of 6-311+G basis set in combination with conductor polarizable continuum model (CPCM). The theoretical results show that increase of electronegative character of the electron acceptor on the core is responsible for the increase of 3PA cross-section values of the two molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Liu
- Institute for Computational Materials Science, Department of Physics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Peoples Republic of China
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Liu J, Wang Y. Three-photon-absorption-induced optical stabilization effects in a bifluorenylidene derivative. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:14596-14603. [PMID: 22714521 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.014596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A bifluorenylidene derivative with extended π-conjugated system has been designed and successfully synthesized. The compound displays strong three-photon absorption effect. The obtained three-photon absorption cross section is as high as 81.3 × 10(-76) cm(6)s(2). Distinguished 3PA-induced optical limiting and optical stabilization performances have been achieved. The on-axis transmitted intensity approached a constant even though the incident laser pulse fluctuation was 300%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Liu
- Institute for Computational Materials Science, Department of Physics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Li L, Yuan N, Wang P, Wu Y, Song Y, Chen Z, He C. Three-photon absorption properties of a novel symmetrical Carbazole derivative having terminal 1,10-phenanthroline rings via carbon-nitrogen (C = N) double bond. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.2937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 390, Qinghe Road, Jiading District Shanghai 201800 P. R. China
| | - Ningning Yuan
- Key Lab of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University); Ministry of Education; Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Lab of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University); Ministry of Education; Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Yiqun Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 390, Qinghe Road, Jiading District Shanghai 201800 P. R. China
- Key Lab of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University); Ministry of Education; Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Yinglin Song
- Department of Applied Physics; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Key Lab of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University); Ministry of Education; Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Chunying He
- Key Lab of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University); Ministry of Education; Harbin 150080 P. R. China
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Leeder JM, Andrews DL. Erratum: “A molecular theory for two-photon and three-photon fluorescence polarization’’ [J. Chem. Phys. 134, 094503 (2011)]. J Chem Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3624765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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