1
|
Pickup BT, Fowler PW. A Correlated Source-Sink-Potential Model Consistent with the Meir–Wingreen Formula. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:6928-6944. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c01711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry T. Pickup
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK
| | - Patrick W. Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fowler PW, Borg M, Pickup BT, Sciriha I. Molecular graphs and molecular conduction: the d-omni-conductors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1349-1358. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05792g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Graph–theoretical distance gives a complete classification of conduction behaviour of alternant and non-alternant molecular devices within the source-sink-potential model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martha Borg
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tsuji Y, Estrada E, Movassagh R, Hoffmann R. Quantum Interference, Graphs, Walks, and Polynomials. Chem Rev 2018; 118:4887-4911. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Tsuji
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ernesto Estrada
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, 26 Richmond Street, Glasgow G11HX, United Kingdom
| | - Ramis Movassagh
- IBM Research, MIT-IBM A.I. Lab, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Roald Hoffmann
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fowler PW, Sciriha I, Borg M, Seville VE, Pickup BT. Near omni-conductors and insulators: Alternant hydrocarbons in the SSP model of ballistic conduction. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:164115. [PMID: 29096467 DOI: 10.1063/1.4995544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the source-and-sink-potential model, a complete characterisation is obtained for the conduction behaviour of alternant π-conjugated hydrocarbons (conjugated hydrocarbons without odd cycles). In this model, an omni-conductor has a molecular graph that conducts at the Fermi level irrespective of the choice of connection vertices. Likewise, an omni-insulator is a molecular graph that fails to conduct for any choice of connections. We give a comprehensive classification of possible combinations of omni-conducting and omni-insulating behaviour for molecular graphs, ranked by nullity (number of non-bonding orbitals). Alternant hydrocarbons are those that have bipartite molecular graphs; they cannot be full omni-conductors or full omni-insulators but may conduct or insulate within well-defined subsets of vertices (unsaturated carbon centres). This leads to the definition of "near omni-conductors" and "near omni-insulators." Of 81 conceivable classes of conduction behaviour for alternants, only 14 are realisable. Of these, nine are realised by more than one chemical graph. For example, conduction of all Kekulean benzenoids (nanographenes) is described by just two classes. In particular, the catafused benzenoids (benzenoids in which no carbon atom belongs to three hexagons) conduct when connected to leads via one starred and one unstarred atom, and otherwise insulate, corresponding to conduction type CII in the near-omni classification scheme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Sciriha
- Department of Mathematics, University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080, Malta
| | - Martha Borg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria E Seville
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Barry T Pickup
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pickup BT, Fowler PW, Sciriha I. A Hückel source-sink-potential theory of Pauli spin blockade in molecular electronic devices. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:204113. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4967957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
|
6
|
Pickup BT, Fowler PW, Borg M, Sciriha I. A new approach to the method of source-sink potentials for molecular conduction. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:194105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4935716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
|
7
|
Stuyver T, Fias S, De Proft F, Fowler PW, Geerlings P. Conduction of molecular electronic devices: Qualitative insights through atom-atom polarizabilities. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:094103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4913415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
8
|
Fowler PW, Pickup BT, Todorova TZ, Borg M, Sciriha I. Omni-conducting and omni-insulating molecules. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:054115. [PMID: 24511930 DOI: 10.1063/1.4863559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The source and sink potential model is used to predict the existence of omni-conductors (and omni-insulators): molecular conjugated π systems that respectively support ballistic conduction or show insulation at the Fermi level, irrespective of the centres chosen as connections. Distinct, ipso, and strong omni-conductors/omni-insulators show Fermi-level conduction/insulation for all distinct pairs of connections, for all connections via a single centre, and for both, respectively. The class of conduction behaviour depends critically on the number of non-bonding orbitals (NBO) of the molecular system (corresponding to the nullity of the graph). Distinct omni-conductors have at most one NBO; distinct omni-insulators have at least two NBO; strong omni-insulators do not exist for any number of NBO. Distinct omni-conductors with a single NBO are all also strong and correspond exactly to the class of graphs known as nut graphs. Families of conjugated hydrocarbons corresponding to chemical graphs with predicted omni-conducting/insulating behaviour are identified. For example, most fullerenes are predicted to be strong omni-conductors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P W Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - B T Pickup
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - T Z Todorova
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Martha Borg
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Sciriha
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080, Malta
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Rocheleau P, Ernzerhof M. Extension of the source-sink potential (SSP) approach to multichannel quantum transport. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:174112. [PMID: 23145722 DOI: 10.1063/1.4764291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an extension of the single channel source-sink potential approach [F. Goyer, M. Ernzerhof, and M. Zhuang, J. Chem. Phys. 126, 144104 (2007)] for molecular electronic devices (MEDs) to multiple channels. The proposed multichannel source-sink potential method relies on an eigenchannel description of conducting states of the MED which are obtained by a self-consistent algorithm. We use the newly developed model to examine the transport of the 1-phenyl-1,3-butadiene molecule connected to two coupled rows of atoms that act as contacts on the left and right sides. With an eigenchannel description of the wave function in the contacts, we determined that one of the eigenchannels is effectively closed by the interference effects of the side chain. Furthermore, we provide an example where we observe a complete inversion (from bonding to antibonding and vice versa) of the transverse character of the wave function upon passage through the molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Rocheleau
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succursale A, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Aradhya SV, Meisner JS, Krikorian M, Ahn S, Parameswaran R, Steigerwald ML, Nuckolls C, Venkataraman L. Dissecting contact mechanics from quantum interference in single-molecule junctions of stilbene derivatives. NANO LETTERS 2012; 12:1643-1647. [PMID: 22352939 DOI: 10.1021/nl2045815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Electronic factors in molecules such as quantum interference and cross-conjugation can lead to dramatic modulation and suppression of conductance in single-molecule junctions. Probing such effects at the single-molecule level requires simultaneous measurements of independent junction properties, as conductance alone cannot provide conclusive evidence of junction formation for molecules with low conductivity. Here, we compare the mechanics of the conducting para-terminated 4,4'-di(methylthio)stilbene and moderately conducting 1,2-bis(4-(methylthio)phenyl)ethane to that of insulating meta-terminated 3,3'-di(methylthio)stilbene single-molecule junctions. We simultaneously measure force and conductance across single-molecule junctions and use force signatures to obtain independent evidence of junction formation and rupture in the meta-linked cross-conjugated molecule even when no clear low-bias conductance is measured. By separately quantifying conductance and mechanics, we identify the formation of atypical 3,3'-di(methylthio)stilbene molecular junctions that are mechanically stable but electronically decoupled. While theoretical studies have envisaged many plausible systems where quantum interference might be observed, our experiments provide the first direct quantitative study of the interplay between contact mechanics and the distinctively quantum mechanical nature of electronic transport in single-molecule junctions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sriharsha V Aradhya
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhou Y, Ernzerhof M. Open-system Kohn-Sham density functional theory. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:094105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3687922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
13
|
|
14
|
Li Y, Yao J, Zou Z, Yang J, Le S. Theoretical study of the electron transport through aromatic molecular wires with different levels of conjugation. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|