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Broge NLN, Bertelsen AD, Nielsen IG, Kløve M, Roelsgaard M, Dippel AC, Jørgensen MRV, Iversen BB. Exploration of anion effects in solvothermal synthesis using in situ X-ray diffraction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:12121-12132. [PMID: 38587495 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00541d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Solvothermal synthesis presents a facile and highly flexible approach to chemical processing and it is widely used for preparation of micro- and nanosized inorganic materials. The large number of synthesis parameters in combination with the richness of inorganic chemistry means that it is difficult to predict or design synthesis outcomes, and it is demanding to uncover the effect of different parameters due to the sealed and complex nature of solvothermal reactors along with the time demands related to reactor cleaning, sample purification, and characterization. This study explores the effect on formation of crystalline products of six common anions in solvothermal treatment of aqueous and ethanolic precursors. Three different cations are included in the study (Mn2+, Co2+, Cu2+) representing chemical affinities towards different regions of the periodic table with respect to the hard soft acid base (HSAB) classification and the Goldschmidt classification. They additionally belong to the commonly used 3d transition metals and display a suitable variety in solvothermal chemistry to highlight anion effects. The results of the solvothermal in situ experiments demonstrate a clear effect of the precursor anions, with respect to whether crystallization occurs or not and the characteristics of the formed phases. Additionally, some of the anions are shown to be redox active and to influence the formation temperature of certain phases which in turn relates to the observed average crystallite sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Lau Nyborg Broge
- Center for Integrated Materials Research, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Andreas Dueholm Bertelsen
- Center for Integrated Materials Research, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | | | - Magnus Kløve
- Center for Integrated Materials Research, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Martin Roelsgaard
- Center for Integrated Materials Research, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Ann-Christin Dippel
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mads Ry Vogel Jørgensen
- Center for Integrated Materials Research, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, 224 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Bo Brummerstedt Iversen
- Center for Integrated Materials Research, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Lan R, Liu H, Zhu L, Lu F, Wu Q, Wu W. One-pot HTST synthesis of responsive fluorescent ZnO@apo-enzyme composite microgels for intracellular glucometry. RSC Adv 2020; 10:26566-26578. [PMID: 35519737 PMCID: PMC9055424 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04339g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
One-pot high-temperature short-time heating synthesis allows harnessing of dynamic profile of apo-GOx on ZnO@apo-enzyme composite microgels for intracellular glucometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyue Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Huijiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Fan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Qingshi Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Quanzhou Normal University
- Quanzhou
- China
| | - Weitai Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
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Fujita T, Kasai H, Nishibori E. Hydrothermal reactor for in-situ synchrotron radiation powder diffraction at SPring-8 BL02B2 for quantitative design for nanoparticle. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhang H, Hu X. Biosynthesis of au nanoparticles by a marine bacterium and enhancing their catalytic activity through metal ions and metal oxides. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 35:e2727. [PMID: 30298992 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The authors report that a marine Shewanella sp. CNZ-1 is capable of producing Au NPs under various conditions. Results showed that initial concentration of Au(III), pH values and electron donors affected nucleation of Au NPs by CNZ-1, resulting in different apparent color of the as-obtained bio-Au NPs, which were further characterized by UV-Vis, TEM, XRD, and XPS analyses. Mechanism studies revealed that Au(III) was first reduced to Au(I) and eventually reduced to EPS-coated Au0 NPs. FTIR and FEEM analyses revealed that some amides and humic acid-like matters were involved in the production of bio-Au NPs through CNZ-1 cells. In addition, the authors also found that the catalytic activity of bio-Au NPs for 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction could be enhanced by various metal ions (Ca2+ , Cu2+ , Co2+ , Fe2+ , Fe3+ , Ni2+ , Sr2+ , and Cr3+ ) and metal oxides (Fe3 O4 , Al2 O3 , and SiO2 ), which is beneficial for their further practical application. The maximum zero-order rate constant k 1 and first-order rate constant k2 of all metal ions/oxides supplemented systems can reach 99.65 mg/(L. min) and 2.419 min-1 , which are 11.3- and 12.6-fold higher than that of control systems, respectively. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 35: e2727, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haikun Zhang
- Yantai Institute of Costal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264000, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoke Hu
- Yantai Institute of Costal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264000, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Darr JA, Zhang J, Makwana NM, Weng X. Continuous Hydrothermal Synthesis of Inorganic Nanoparticles: Applications and Future Directions. Chem Rev 2017; 117:11125-11238. [PMID: 28771006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are at the leading edge of the emerging field of nanotechnology. Their unique and tunable size-dependent properties (in the range 1-100 nm) make these materials indispensable in many modern technological applications. In this Review, we summarize the state-of-art in the manufacture and applications of inorganic nanoparticles made using continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis (CHFS) processes. First, we introduce ideal requirements of any flow process for nanoceramics production, outline different approaches to CHFS, and introduce the pertinent properties of supercritical water and issues around mixing in flow, to generate nanoparticles. This Review then gives comprehensive coverage of the current application space for CHFS-made nanomaterials including optical, healthcare, electronics (including sensors, information, and communication technologies), catalysis, devices (including energy harvesting/conversion/fuels), and energy storage applications. Thereafter, topics of precursor chemistry and products, as well as materials or structures, are discussed (surface-functionalized hybrids, nanocomposites, nanograined coatings and monoliths, and metal-organic frameworks). Later, this Review focuses on some of the key apparatus innovations in the field, such as in situ flow/rapid heating systems (to investigate kinetics and mechanisms), approaches to high throughput flow syntheses (for nanomaterials discovery), as well as recent developments in scale-up of hydrothermal flow processes. Finally, this Review covers environmental considerations, future directions and capabilities, along with the conclusions and outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawwad A Darr
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories , 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Neel M Makwana
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories , 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaole Weng
- Department of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
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Fernández-García MP, Teixeira JM, Machado P, Oliveira MRFF, Maia JM, Pereira C, Pereira AM, Freire C, Araujo JP. Automatized and desktop AC-susceptometer for the in situ and real time monitoring of magnetic nanoparticles' synthesis by coprecipitation. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:043904. [PMID: 25933868 DOI: 10.1063/1.4918723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this work was to design, develop, and construct a simple desktop AC susceptometer to monitor in situ and in real time the coprecipitation synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles. The design incorporates one pair of identical pick-up sensing coils and one pair of Helmholtz coils. The picked up signal is detected by a lock-in SR850 amplifier that measures the in- and out-of-phase signals. The apparatus also includes a stirrer with 45°-angle blades to promote the fast homogenization of the reaction mixture. Our susceptometer has been successfully used to monitor the coprecipitation reaction for the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Fernández-García
- IFIMUP and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Departamento de Física e Astronomía, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - J M Teixeira
- IFIMUP and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Departamento de Física e Astronomía, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Machado
- IFIMUP and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Departamento de Física e Astronomía, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M R F F Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciência de Computadores, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - J M Maia
- IFIMUP and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Departamento de Física e Astronomía, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Pereira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A M Pereira
- IFIMUP and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Departamento de Física e Astronomía, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Freire
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - J P Araujo
- IFIMUP and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Departamento de Física e Astronomía, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Birgisson S, Jensen KMØ, Christiansen TL, von Bülow JF, Iversen BB. In situ powder X-ray diffraction study of the hydro-thermal formation of LiMn2O4nanocrystallites. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:15075-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01307g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Jensen KMØ, Tyrsted C, Bremholm M, Iversen BB. In situ studies of solvothermal synthesis of energy materials. CHEMSUSCHEM 2014; 7:1594-1611. [PMID: 24599741 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201301042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Solvothermal and hydrothermal synthesis, that is, synthesis taking place in a solvent at elevated temperature and pressure, is a powerful technique for the production of advanced energy materials as it is versatile, cheap, and environmentally friendly. However, the fundamental reaction mechanisms dictating particle formation and growth under solvothermal conditions are not well understood. In order to produce tailor-made materials with specific properties for advanced energy technologies, it is essential to obtain an improved understanding of these processes and, in this context, in situ studies are an important tool as they provide real time information on the reactions taking place. Here, we present a review of the use of powder diffraction and total scattering methods for in situ studies of synthesis taking place under solvothermal and hydrothermal conditions. The experimental setups used for in situ X-ray and neutron studies are presented, and methods of data analysis are described. Special attention is given to the methods used to extract structural information from the data, for example, Rietveld refinement, whole powder pattern modelling and pair distribution function analysis. Examples of in situ studies are presented to illustrate the types of chemical insight that can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M Ø Jensen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C (Denmark) www.cmc.chem.au.dk
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Pereira L, Mehboob F, Stams AJM, Mota MM, Rijnaarts HHM, Alves MM. Metallic nanoparticles: microbial synthesis and unique properties for biotechnological applications, bioavailability and biotransformation. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2013; 35:114-28. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2013.819484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Rostgaard Eltzholtz J, Tyrsted C, Ørnsbjerg Jensen KM, Bremholm M, Christensen M, Becker-Christensen J, Brummerstedt Iversen B. Pulsed supercritical synthesis of anatase TiO₂ nanoparticles in a water-isopropanol mixture studied by in situ powder X-ray diffraction. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:2372-2378. [PMID: 23396539 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr33127j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A new step in supercritical nanoparticle synthesis, the pulsed supercritical synthesis reactor, is investigated in situ using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) to understand the formation of nanoparticles in real time. This eliminates the common problem of transferring information gained during in situ studies to subsequent laboratory reactor conditions. As a proof of principle, anatase titania nanoparticles were synthesized in a 50/50 mixture of water and isopropanol near and above the critical point of water (P = 250 bar, T = 300, 350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 °C). The evolution of the reaction product was followed by sequentially recording PXRD patterns with a time resolution of less than two seconds. The crystallite size of titania is found to depend on both temperature and residence time, and increasing either parameter leads to larger crystallites. A simple adjustment of either temperature or residence time provides a direct method for gram scale production of anatase nanoparticles of average crystallite sizes between 7 and 35 nm, thus giving the option of synthesizing tailor-made nanoparticles. Modeling of the in situ growth curves using an Avrami growth model gave an activation energy of 66(19) kJ mol(-1) for the initial crystallization. The in situ PXRD data also provide direct information about the size dependent macrostrain in the nanoparticles and with decreasing crystallite size the unit cell contracts, especially along the c-direction. This agrees well with previous ex situ results obtained for hydrothermal synthesis of titania nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Rostgaard Eltzholtz
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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