1
|
Koperwas K, Kaśkosz F, Affouard F, Grzybowski A, Paluch M. The role of the diffusion in the predictions of the classical nucleation theory for quasi-real systems differ in dipole moment value. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9552. [PMID: 35688874 PMCID: PMC9187745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13715-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we examine the crystallization tendency for two quasi-real systems, which differ exclusively in the dipole moment's value. The main advantage of the studied system is the fact that despite that their structures are entirely identical, they exhibit different physical properties. Hence, the results obtained for one of the proposed model systems cannot be scaled to reproduce the results for another corresponding system, as it can be done for simple model systems, where structural differences are modeled by the different parameters of the intermolecular interactions. Our results show that both examined systems exhibit similar stability behavior below the melting temperature. This finding is contrary to the predictions of the classical nucleation theory, which suggests a significantly higher crystallization tendency for a more polar system. Our studies indicate that the noted discrepancies are caused by the kinetic aspect of the classical nucleation theory, which overestimates the role of diffusion in the nucleation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kajetan Koperwas
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland.
| | - Filip Kaśkosz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland.
| | - Frederic Affouard
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Andrzej Grzybowski
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland
| | - Marian Paluch
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cho HW, Mugnai ML, Kirkpatrick TR, Thirumalai D. Fragile-to-strong crossover, growing length scales, and dynamic heterogeneity in Wigner glasses. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:032605. [PMID: 32290023 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.032605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal particles, which are ubiquitous, have become ideal testing grounds for the structural glass transition theories. In these systems glassy behavior arises as the density of the particles is increased. Thus, soft colloidal particles with varying degree of softness capture diverse glass-forming properties, observed normally in molecular glasses. Brownian dynamics simulations for a binary mixture of micron-sized charged colloidal suspensions show that tuning the softness of the interaction potential, achievable by changing the monovalent salt concentration results in a continuous transition from fragile to strong behavior. Remarkably, this is found in a system where the well characterized interaction potential between the colloidal particles is isotropic. We also show that the predictions of the random first-order transition (RFOT) theory quantitatively describes the universal features such as the growing correlation length, ξ∼(ϕ_{K}/ϕ-1)^{-ν} with ν=2/3 where ϕ_{K}, the analog of the Kauzmann temperature, depends on the salt concentration. As anticipated by the RFOT predictions, we establish a causal relationship between the growing correlation length and a steep increase in the relaxation time and dynamic heterogeneity as the system is compressed. The broad range of fragility observed in Wigner glasses is used to draw analogies with molecular and polymer glasses. The large variations in the fragility are normally found only when the temperature dependence of the viscosity is examined for a large class of diverse glass-forming materials. In sharp contrast, this is vividly illustrated in a single system that can be experimentally probed. Our work also shows that the RFOT predictions are accurate in describing the dynamics over the entire density range, regardless of the fragility of the glasses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Cho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Mauro L Mugnai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - T R Kirkpatrick
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Thirumalai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nigro V, Ruzicka B, Ruta B, Zontone F, Bertoldo M, Buratti E, Angelini R. Relaxation Dynamics, Softness, and Fragility of Microgels with Interpenetrated Polymer Networks. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Nigro
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISC-CNR), sede Sapienza, Pz.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Barbara Ruzicka
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISC-CNR), sede Sapienza, Pz.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Beatrice Ruta
- France Univ Lyon, Universitè Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
- ESRF The European Synchrotron, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Federico Zontone
- ESRF The European Synchrotron, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Monica Bertoldo
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISOF-CNR), via P. Gobetti
101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Buratti
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISC-CNR), sede Sapienza, Pz.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Roberta Angelini
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISC-CNR), sede Sapienza, Pz.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
The role of the dipole moment orientations in the crystallization tendency of the van der Waals liquids - molecular dynamics simulations. Sci Rep 2020; 10:283. [PMID: 31937904 PMCID: PMC6959262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Computer simulations of model systems play a remarkable role in the contemporary studies of structural, dynamic and thermodynamic properties of supercooled liquids. However, the commonly employed model systems, i.e., simple-liquids, do not reflect the internal features of the real molecules, e.g., structural anisotropy and spatial distribution of charges, which might be crucial for the behavior of real materials. In this paper, we use the new model molecules of simple but anisotropic structure, to studies the effect of dipole moment orientation on the crystallization tendency. Our results indicate that proper orientation of the dipole moment could totally change the stability behavior of the system. Consequently, the exchange of a single atom within the molecule causing the change of dipole moment orientation might be crucial for controlling the crystallization tendency. Moreover, employing the classical nucleation theory, we explain the reason for this behavior.
Collapse
|
5
|
Hung JH, Patra TK, Meenakshisundaram V, Mangalara JH, Simmons DS. Universal localization transition accompanying glass formation: insights from efficient molecular dynamics simulations of diverse supercooled liquids. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:1223-1242. [PMID: 30556082 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02051e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The origin of the precipitous dynamic arrest known as the glass transition is a grand open question of soft condensed matter physics. It has long been suspected that this transition is driven by an onset of particle localization and associated emergence of a glassy modulus. However, progress towards an accepted understanding of glass formation has been impeded by an inability to obtain data sufficient in chemical diversity, relaxation timescales, and spatial and temporal resolution to validate or falsify proposed theories for its physics. Here we first describe a strategy enabling facile high-throughput simulation of glass-forming liquids to nearly unprecedented relaxation times. We then perform simulations of 51 glass-forming liquids, spanning polymers, small organic molecules, inorganics, and metallic glass-formers, with longest relaxation times exceeding one microsecond. Results identify a universal particle-localization transition accompanying glass formation across all classes of glass-forming liquid. The onset temperature of non-Arrhenius dynamics is found to serve as a normalizing condition leading to a master collapse of localization data. This transition exhibits a non-universal relationship with dynamic arrest, suggesting that the nonuniversality of supercooled liquid dynamics enters via the dependence of relaxation times on local cage scale. These results suggest that a universal particle-localization transition may underpin the glass transition, and they emphasize the potential for recent theoretical developments connecting relaxation to localization and emergent elasticity to finally explain the origin of this phenomenon. More broadly, the capacity for high-throughput prediction of glass formation behavior may open the door to computational inverse design of glass-forming materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Hsiang Hung
- Department of Polymer of Engineering, University of Akron, 250 South Forge St., Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mausbach P, Köster A, Vrabec J. Liquid state isomorphism, Rosenfeld-Tarazona temperature scaling, and Riemannian thermodynamic geometry. Phys Rev E 2018; 97:052149. [PMID: 29906919 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.97.052149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Aspects of isomorph theory, Rosenfeld-Tarazona temperature scaling, and thermodynamic geometry are comparatively discussed on the basis of the Lennard-Jones potential. The first two approaches approximate the high-density fluid state well when the repulsive interparticle interactions become dominant, which is typically the case close to the freezing line. However, previous studies of Rosenfeld-Tarazona scaling for the isochoric heat capacity and its relation to isomorph theory reveal deviations for the temperature dependence. It turns out that a definition of a state region in which repulsive interactions dominate is required for achieving consistent results. The Riemannian thermodynamic scalar curvature R allows for such a classification, indicating predominantly repulsive interactions by R>0. An analysis of the isomorphic character of the freezing line and the validity of Rosenfeld-Tarazona temperature scaling show that these approaches are consistent only in a small state region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Köster
- Thermodynamics and Energy Technology, University of Paderborn, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Jadran Vrabec
- Thermodynamics and Energy Technology, University of Paderborn, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pafong Sanjon E, Drossel B, Vogel M. Effects of the bond polarity on the structural and dynamical properties of silica-like liquids. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:104506. [PMID: 29544292 DOI: 10.1063/1.5017681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica is a network-forming liquid that shares many properties with water due to its tetrahedral structure. It undergoes a transition from a fragile to a strong liquid as the temperature is decreased, which is accompanied by a structural change to lower density and higher tetrahedral order. In order to disentangle the effects of Coulomb and van der Waals interactions on the structure and dynamics of liquid silica, we modify the bond polarity by changing the partial charges assigned to each atom. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that density, tetrahedral order, and structural relaxation times decrease when reducing bond polarity. Moreover, we find that the density maximum and the fragile-to-strong transition move to lower temperatures until they eventually vanish when the partial charges are decreased below approximately 75% of their regular value. Irrespective of whether strong or fragile behavior exists, structural relaxation is governed by hopping motion at sufficiently low temperatures. As long as there is a strong regime, the energy barrier associated with strong dynamics decreases with decreasing partial charges, but the dependence on the bond polarity differs from that of the activation energy in the Arrhenius regime at high temperatures. We show that the fragile-to-strong transition is associated with structural changes occurring between the first and second coordination shells that lead to a decrease in density and an increase in tetrahedral order. In particular, independent of the value of the partial charges, the distribution of the local structures is the same at this dynamic crossover, but we find no evidence that the effect occurs upon crossing the Widom line. In the fragile regime at intermediate temperatures, the relaxation times are well described by a previously proposed model which decomposes the apparent activation energy into a constant single-particle contribution and a temperature-dependent collective contribution. However, our results for silica-like melts do not obey several common relations of the model parameters reported for molecular glass formers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Pafong Sanjon
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Drossel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Altabet YE, Fenley AL, Stillinger FH, Debenedetti PG. Cavitation transition in the energy landscape: Distinct tensile yielding behavior in strongly and weakly attractive systems. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:114501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5019274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Elia Altabet
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Andreia L. Fenley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Frank H. Stillinger
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Pablo G. Debenedetti
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Makeev MA, Priezjev NV. Distributions of pore sizes and atomic densities in binary mixtures revealed by molecular dynamics simulations. Phys Rev E 2018; 97:023002. [PMID: 29548136 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.97.023002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report on the results of a molecular dynamics simulation study of porous glassy media, formed in the process of isochoric rapid quenching from a high-temperature liquid state. The transition to a porous solid occurs due to the concurrent processes of phase separation and material solidification. The study is focused on topographies of the model porous structures and their dependence on temperature and average density. To quantify the pore-size distributions, we put forth a scaling relation that provides a satisfactory data collapse in systems with high porosity. We also find that the local density of the solid domains in the porous structures is broadly distributed, and, with increasing average density, a distinct peak in the local density distribution is displaced toward higher values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxim A Makeev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Nikolai V Priezjev
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Valdès LC, Gerges J, Mizuguchi T, Affouard F. Crystallization tendencies of modelled Lennard-Jones liquids with different attractions. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:014501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5004659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L.-C. Valdès
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET), UMR CNRS 8207, UFR de Physique, BAT P5, Université Lille 1, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - J. Gerges
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET), UMR CNRS 8207, UFR de Physique, BAT P5, Université Lille 1, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - T. Mizuguchi
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET), UMR CNRS 8207, UFR de Physique, BAT P5, Université Lille 1, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- Institute for the Promotion of University Strategy, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - F. Affouard
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET), UMR CNRS 8207, UFR de Physique, BAT P5, Université Lille 1, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hoang H, Delage-Santacreu S, Galliero G. Simultaneous Description of Equilibrium, Interfacial, and Transport Properties of Fluids Using a Mie Chain Coarse-Grained Force Field. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Hoang
- Laboratoire
des Fluides Complexes et Leurs Reservoirs-IPRA, UMR5150, CNRS/Total/Univ Pau Et Pays Adour, 64000, PAU, France
- Institute
of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Stéphanie Delage-Santacreu
- Laboratoire
de Mathematiques et De Leurs Applications de PAU−IPRA, UMR5142, CNRS/Univ Pau et Pays Adour, 64000, PAU, France
| | - Guillaume Galliero
- Laboratoire
des Fluides Complexes et Leurs Reservoirs-IPRA, UMR5150, CNRS/Total/Univ Pau Et Pays Adour, 64000, PAU, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pueblo CE, Sun M, Kelton KF. Strength of the repulsive part of the interatomic potential determines fragility in metallic liquids. NATURE MATERIALS 2017; 16:792-796. [PMID: 28692041 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The dynamical behaviour of liquids is frequently characterized by the fragility, which can be defined from the temperature dependence of the shear viscosity, η (ref. ). For a strong liquid, the activation energy for η changes little with cooling towards the glass transition temperature, Tg. The change is much greater in fragile liquids, with the activation energy becoming very large near Tg. While fragility is widely recognized as an important concept-believed, for example, to play an important role in glass formation-the microscopic origin of fragility is poorly understood. Here, we present new experimental evidence showing that fragility reflects the strength of the repulsive part of the interatomic potential, which can be determined from the steepness of the pair distribution function near the hard-sphere cutoff. On the basis of an analysis of scattering data from ten different metallic alloy liquids, we show that stronger liquids have steeper repulsive potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Pueblo
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Minhua Sun
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
- Department of Physics, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150025, China
| | - K F Kelton
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gangopadhyay AK, Pueblo CE, Dai R, Johnson ML, Ashcraft R, Van Hoesen D, Sellers M, Kelton KF. Correlation of the fragility of metallic liquids with the high temperature structure, volume, and cohesive energy. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:154506. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4981011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. K. Gangopadhyay
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - C. E. Pueblo
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - R. Dai
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - M. L. Johnson
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - R. Ashcraft
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - D. Van Hoesen
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - M. Sellers
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - K. F. Kelton
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kelton KF. Kinetic and structural fragility-a correlation between structures and dynamics in metallic liquids and glasses. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:023002. [PMID: 27841996 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/29/2/023002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The liquid phase remains poorly understood. In many cases, the densities of liquids and their crystallized solid phases are similar, but since they are amorphous they lack the spatial order of the solid. Their dynamical properties change remarkably over a very small temperature range. At high temperatures, near their melting temperature, liquids flow easily under shear. However, only a few hundred degrees lower flow effectively ceases, as the liquid transforms into a solid-like glass. This temperature-dependent dynamical behavior is frequently characterized by the concept of kinetic fragility (or, generally, simply fragility). Fragility is believed to be an important quantity in glass formation, making it of significant practical interest. The microscopic origin of fragility remains unclear, however, making it also of fundamental interest. It is widely (although not uniformly) believed that the dynamical behavior is linked to the atomic structure of the liquid, yet experimental studies show that although the viscosity changes by orders of magnitude with temperature, the structural change is barely perceptible. In this article the concept of fragility is discussed, building to a discussion of recent results in metallic glass-forming liquids that demonstrate the presumed connection between structural and dynamical changes. In particular, it becomes possible to define a structural fragility parameter that can be linked with the kinetic fragility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K F Kelton
- Department of Physics and the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Altabet YE, Stillinger FH, Debenedetti PG. A cavitation transition in the energy landscape of simple cohesive liquids and glasses. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:211905. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4959846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Elia Altabet
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Frank H. Stillinger
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Pablo G. Debenedetti
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Glass-Forming Tendency of Molecular Liquids and the Strength of the Intermolecular Attractions. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36934. [PMID: 27883011 PMCID: PMC5121653 DOI: 10.1038/srep36934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
When we cool down a liquid below the melting temperature, it can either crystallize or become supercooled, and then form a disordered solid called glass. Understanding what makes a liquid to crystallize readily in one case and form a stable glass in another is a fundamental problem in science and technology. Here we show that the crystallization/glass-forming tendencies of the molecular liquids might be correlated with the strength of the intermolecular attractions, as determined from the combined experimental and computer simulation studies. We use van der Waals bonded propylene carbonate and its less polar structural analog 3-methyl-cyclopentanone to show that the enhancement of the dipole-dipole forces brings about the better glass-forming ability of the sample when cooling from the melt. Our finding was rationalized by the mismatch between the optimal temperature range for the nucleation and crystal growth, as obtained for a modeled Lennard-Jones system with explicitly enhanced or weakened attractive part of the intermolecular 6–12 potential.
Collapse
|
17
|
Urrutia I. Bending and Gaussian rigidities of confined soft spheres from second-order virial series. Phys Rev E 2016; 94:022149. [PMID: 27627288 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.94.022149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We use virial series to study the equilibrium properties of confined soft-spheres fluids interacting through the inverse-power potentials. The confinement is induced by hard walls with planar, spherical, and cylindrical shapes. We evaluate analytically the coefficients of order two in density of the wall-fluid surface tension γ and analyze the curvature contributions to the free energy. Emphasis is in bending and Gaussian rigidities, which are found analytically at order two in density. Their contribution to γ(R) and the accuracy of different truncation procedures to the low curvature expansion are discussed. Finally, several universal relations that apply to low-density fluids are analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Urrutia
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, CNEA, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650 Pcia. de Buenos Aires, Argentina and CONICET, Avenida Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang L, Guan P, Wang WH. The correlation between fragility, density, and atomic interaction in glass-forming liquids. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:034505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4958628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lijin Wang
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Guan
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - W. H. Wang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ding Y, Mittal J. Insights into DNA-mediated interparticle interactions from a coarse-grained model. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:184901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4900891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Ding
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - Jeetain Mittal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Recent developments show that many liquids and solids have an approximate "hidden" scale invariance that implies the existence of lines in the thermodynamic phase diagram, so-called isomorphs, along which structure and dynamics in properly reduced units are invariant to a good approximation. This means that the phase diagram becomes effectively one-dimensional with regard to several physical properties. Liquids and solids with isomorphs include most or all van der Waals bonded systems and metals, as well as weakly ionic or dipolar systems. On the other hand, systems with directional bonding (hydrogen bonds or covalent bonds) or strong Coulomb forces generally do not exhibit hidden scale invariance. The article reviews the theory behind this picture of condensed matter and the evidence for it coming from computer simulations and experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe C Dyre
- DNRF Center "Glass and Time", IMFUFA, Department of Sciences, Roskilde University , P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Shi Z, Debenedetti PG, Stillinger FH. Relaxation processes in liquids: variations on a theme by Stokes and Einstein. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:12A526. [PMID: 23556777 DOI: 10.1063/1.4775741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigate numerically the temperature and density dependence of the Stokes-Einstein ratio, Dη∕T, and of two commonly-used variants thereof, Dτ and Dτ∕T, where D is a diffusivity, η the shear viscosity, and τ a structural relaxation time. We consider a family of atomic binary mixtures with systematically-softened repulsive interactions, and the Lewis-Wahnström model of ortho-terphenyl (OTP). The three quantities grow significantly as the temperature decreases in the supercooled regime, a well-known phenomenon. At higher temperatures, Dτ exhibits negative violations of Stokes-Einstein behavior, i.e., decrease upon cooling, for the atomic systems, though not for OTP. We consider two choices for the relaxation time, one based on the decay of the self-intermediate scattering function, and the other on the integral of the stress autocorrelation function. The instantaneous shear modulus exhibits appreciable temperature dependence for the two classes of systems investigated here. Our results suggest that commonly-invoked assumptions, such as τ ∼ η and τ ∼ η∕T, should be critically evaluated across a wide spectrum of systems and thermodynamic conditions. We find the Stokes-Einstein ratio, Dη∕T, to be constant across a broad range of temperatures and densities for the two classes of systems investigated here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zane Shi
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Casalini R. The fragility of liquids and colloids and its relation to the softness of the potential. J Chem Phys 2013. [PMID: 23206028 DOI: 10.1063/1.4768267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A parameter that is often used to characterize the dynamics of supercooled liquids is the dynamic fragility, however it is still debated how the fragility is related to other physical properties. Recent experimental data on colloidal systems have found that fragility decreases with increasing softness of the intermolecular potential. This result is in apparent disagreement with recent molecular dynamics simulations reporting the opposite behavior. Herein, using the thermodynamical scaling exponent γ as a measure of the steepness of the potential we show how these different results can be reconciled and also agree with previous results obtained for the dynamics of supercooled liquids at high pressures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Casalini
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375-5342, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ryltsev RE, Chtchelkatchev NM, Ryzhov VN. Superfragile glassy dynamics of a one-component system with isotropic potential: competition of diffusion and frustration. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:025701. [PMID: 23383914 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.025701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigate glassy dynamical properties of one-component three-dimensional system of particles interacting via pair repulsive potential by the molecular dynamic simulation in the wide region of densities. The glass state is superfragile and it has high glass-forming ability. The glass transition temperature T(g) has a pronounced minimum at densities where the frustration is maximal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R E Ryltsev
- Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg 620017, Russia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sengupta S, Vasconcelos F, Affouard F, Sastry S. Dependence of the fragility of a glass former on the softness of interparticle interactions. J Chem Phys 2012; 135:194503. [PMID: 22112088 DOI: 10.1063/1.3660201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We study the influence of the softness of the interparticle interactions on the fragility of a glass former by considering three model binary mixture glass formers. The interaction potential between particles is a modified Lennard-Jones type potential, with the repulsive part of the potential varying with an inverse power q of the interparticle distance, and the attractive part varying with an inverse power p. We consider the combinations (12,11) (model I), (12,6) (model II), and (8,5) (model III) for (q,p) such that the interaction potential becomes softer from model I to III. We evaluate the kinetic fragilities from the temperature variation of diffusion coefficients and relaxation times, and a thermodynamic fragility from the temperature variation of the configurational entropy. We find that the kinetic fragility increases with increasing softness of the potential, consistent with previous results for these model systems, but at variance with the thermodynamic fragility, which decreases with increasing softness of the interactions, as well as expectations from earlier results. We rationalize our results by considering the full form of the Adam-Gibbs relation, which requires, in addition to the temperature dependence of the configurational entropy, knowledge of the high temperature activation energies in order to determine fragility. We show that consideration of the scaling of the high temperature activation energy with the liquid density, analyzed in recent studies, provides a partial rationalization of the observed behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiladitya Sengupta
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur Campus, Bangalore 560 064, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Brazhkin VV, Fomin YD, Lyapin AG, Ryzhov VN, Trachenko K. Two liquid states of matter: a dynamic line on a phase diagram. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:031203. [PMID: 22587085 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.031203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
It is generally agreed that the supercritical region of a liquid consists of one single state (supercritical fluid). On the other hand, we show here that liquids in this region exist in two qualitatively different states: "rigid" and "nonrigid" liquids. Rigid to nonrigid transition corresponds to the condition τ≈τ(0), where τ is the liquid relaxation time and τ(0) is the minimal period of transverse quasiharmonic waves. This condition defines a new dynamic crossover line on the phase diagram and corresponds to the loss of shear stiffness of a liquid at all available frequencies and, consequently, to the qualitative change in many important liquid properties. We analyze this line theoretically as well as in real and model fluids and show that the transition corresponds to the disappearance of high-frequency sound, to the disappearance of roton minima, qualitative changes in the temperature dependencies of sound velocity, diffusion, viscous flow, and thermal conductivity, an increase in particle thermal speed to half the speed of sound, and a reduction in the constant volume specific heat to 2k(B) per particle. In contrast to the Widom line that exists near the critical point only, the new dynamic line is universal: It separates two liquid states at arbitrarily high pressure and temperature and exists in systems where liquid-gas transition and the critical point are absent altogether. We propose to call the new dynamic line on the phase diagram "Frenkel line".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V V Brazhkin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics RAS, 142190 Troitsk Moscow Region, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|