1
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Khan P, Kaushik R, Jayaraj A. Approaches and Perspective of Coarse-Grained Modeling and Simulation for Polymer-Nanoparticle Hybrid Systems. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:47567-47586. [PMID: 36591142 PMCID: PMC9798744 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Molecular modeling and simulations have emerged as effective and indispensable tools to characterize polymeric systems. They provide fundamental and essential insights to design a product of the required properties and to improve the understanding of a phenomenon at the molecular level for a particular system. The polymer-nanoparticle hybrids are materials with outstanding properties and correspondingly large applications whose study has benefited from this new paradigm. However, despite the significant expansion of modern day computational powers, investigation of the long time and large length scale phenomenon in polymeric and polymer-nanoparticle systems is still a challenging task to complete through all-atom molecular dynamics (AA-MD) simulations. To circumvent this problem, a variety of coarse-grained (CG) models have been proposed, ranging from the generic CG models for qualitative properties predictions to more realistic chemically specific CG models for quantitative properties predictions. These CG models have already delivered some success stories in the study of several spatial and temporal evolutions of many processes. Some of these studies were beyond the feasibility of traditional atomistic resolution models due to either the size or the time constraints. This review captures the different types of popular CG approaches that are utilized in the investigation of the microscopic behavior of polymer-nanoparticle hybrid systems. The rationale of this article is to furnish an overview of the popular CG approaches and their applications, to review several important and most recent developments, and to delineate the perspectives on future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvez Khan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Aligarh Muslim
University, Aligarh202002, India
| | - Rahul Kaushik
- Laboratory
for Structural Bioinformatics, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa230-0045, Japan
| | - Abhilash Jayaraj
- Department
of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut06459, United States
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2
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Jin J, Pak AJ, Durumeric AEP, Loose TD, Voth GA. Bottom-up Coarse-Graining: Principles and Perspectives. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:5759-5791. [PMID: 36070494 PMCID: PMC9558379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale computational molecular models provide scientists a means to investigate the effect of microscopic details on emergent mesoscopic behavior. Elucidating the relationship between variations on the molecular scale and macroscopic observable properties facilitates an understanding of the molecular interactions driving the properties of real world materials and complex systems (e.g., those found in biology, chemistry, and materials science). As a result, discovering an explicit, systematic connection between microscopic nature and emergent mesoscopic behavior is a fundamental goal for this type of investigation. The molecular forces critical to driving the behavior of complex heterogeneous systems are often unclear. More problematically, simulations of representative model systems are often prohibitively expensive from both spatial and temporal perspectives, impeding straightforward investigations over possible hypotheses characterizing molecular behavior. While the reduction in resolution of a study, such as moving from an atomistic simulation to that of the resolution of large coarse-grained (CG) groups of atoms, can partially ameliorate the cost of individual simulations, the relationship between the proposed microscopic details and this intermediate resolution is nontrivial and presents new obstacles to study. Small portions of these complex systems can be realistically simulated. Alone, these smaller simulations likely do not provide insight into collectively emergent behavior. However, by proposing that the driving forces in both smaller and larger systems (containing many related copies of the smaller system) have an explicit connection, systematic bottom-up CG techniques can be used to transfer CG hypotheses discovered using a smaller scale system to a larger system of primary interest. The proposed connection between different CG systems is prescribed by (i) the CG representation (mapping) and (ii) the functional form and parameters used to represent the CG energetics, which approximate potentials of mean force (PMFs). As a result, the design of CG methods that facilitate a variety of physically relevant representations, approximations, and force fields is critical to moving the frontier of systematic CG forward. Crucially, the proposed connection between the system used for parametrization and the system of interest is orthogonal to the optimization used to approximate the potential of mean force present in all systematic CG methods. The empirical efficacy of machine learning techniques on a variety of tasks provides strong motivation to consider these approaches for approximating the PMF and analyzing these approximations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyeok Jin
- Department of Chemistry,
Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical
Dynamics, and James Franck Institute, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Alexander J. Pak
- Department of Chemistry,
Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical
Dynamics, and James Franck Institute, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Aleksander E. P. Durumeric
- Department of Chemistry,
Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical
Dynamics, and James Franck Institute, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Timothy D. Loose
- Department of Chemistry,
Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical
Dynamics, and James Franck Institute, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Gregory A. Voth
- Department of Chemistry,
Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical
Dynamics, and James Franck Institute, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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3
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Dhamankar S, Webb MA. Chemically specific coarse‐graining of polymers: Methods and prospects. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satyen Dhamankar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USA
| | - Michael A. Webb
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USA
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4
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Effectiveness of coarse graining degree and speedup on the dynamic properties of homopolymer. J Mol Model 2021; 27:55. [PMID: 33511476 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of effective coarse graining (CG) degree and reasonable speedup relative to all-atomistic (AA) model was conducted to provide a basis for building appropriate larger-scale model. The reproducibility of atomistic conformation and temperature transferability both act as the analysis criteria to resolve the maximum acceptable CG degree. Taking short- and long time spans into account simultaneously in the estimation of computational speedup, a dynamic scaling factor is accessible in fitting mean squared displacement ratio of CG to AA as an exponential function. Computing loss in parallel running is an indispensable component in acceleration, which was also added in the evaluation. Subsequently, a quantified prediction of CG speedup arises as a multiplication of dynamic scaling factor, computing loss, time step, and the square of reduction in the number of degrees of freedom. Polyethylene oxide was adopted as a reference system to execute the direct Boltzmann inversion and iterative Boltzmann inversion. Bonded and non-bonded potentials were calculated in CG models with 1~4 monomers per bead. The effective CG degree was determined as two at the most with a speedup of four orders magnitude over AA in this study. Determination of effectiveness CG degree and the corresponding speedup prediction provide available tools in larger spatiotemporal-scale calculations.
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5
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Joshi SY, Deshmukh SA. A review of advancements in coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2020.1828583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumil Y. Joshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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6
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Lee H. Molecular Simulations of PEGylated Biomolecules, Liposomes, and Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Applications. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E533. [PMID: 32531886 PMCID: PMC7355693 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated protein was approved by the FDA in 1990, PEGylation has been successfully applied to develop drug delivery systems through experiments, but these experimental results are not always easy to interpret at the atomic level because of the limited resolution of experimental techniques. To determine the optimal size, structure, and density of PEG for drug delivery, the structure and dynamics of PEGylated drug carriers need to be understood close to the atomic scale, as can be done using molecular dynamics simulations, assuming that these simulations can be validated by successful comparisons to experiments. Starting with the development of all-atom and coarse-grained PEG models in 1990s, PEGylated drug carriers have been widely simulated. In particular, recent advances in computer performance and simulation methodologies have allowed for molecular simulations of large complexes of PEGylated drug carriers interacting with other molecules such as anticancer drugs, plasma proteins, membranes, and receptors, which makes it possible to interpret experimental observations at a nearly atomistic resolution, as well as help in the rational design of drug delivery systems for applications in nanomedicine. Here, simulation studies on the following PEGylated drug topics will be reviewed: proteins and peptides, liposomes, and nanoparticles such as dendrimers and carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwankyu Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Korea
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7
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Abstract
We have developed a coarse-grained (CG) model of a polymer-clay system consisting of organically modified montmorillonite (oMMT) nanoclay as the nanoparticle in accordance with the MARTINI force field. We have used mechanical properties and cleavage free energy of the clay particle to respectively parameterize bonded and nonbonded interaction parameters for an oMMT clay particle, where intergallery Na+ ions are replaced by tetramethylammonium (TMA) ions. The mechanical properties were determined from the slope of the stress-strain curve and cleavage free energy was determined by allowing for full surface reconstruction corresponding to a slow equilibrium cleavage process. Individual dispersive and polar contributions to oMMT cleavage energy were used for determination of appropriate MARTINI bead types for the CG oMMT sheet. The self-consistency of the developed MARTINIFF parameters for the TMA-montmorillonite-polymer system was verified by comparing estimates for select structural, thermodynamic, and dynamic properties obtained in all-atomistic simulations with that obtained in CG simulations. We have determined the influence of clay particles on properties of three polymer melts (polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene) at two temperatures to establish transferability of the developed parameters. We have also shown that the effect of clay-polymer interactions on structure-property relationships in the polymer-clay nanocomposite system is well captured by Rosenfeld's excess entropy scaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvez Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , New Delhi 110016 , India
| | - Gaurav Goel
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , New Delhi 110016 , India
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaomin Deng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Xuan Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Jingming Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
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9
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Munasinghe A, Mathavan A, Mathavan A, Lin P, Colina CM. Molecular Insight into the Protein–Polymer Interactions in N-Terminal PEGylated Bovine Serum Albumin. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:5196-5205. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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McDonnell MT, Keffer DJ. Reactive molecular dynamics simulations of an excess proton in polyethylene glycol-water solutions. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2018.1557328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - David J. Keffer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
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11
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Bejagam KK, An Y, Singh S, Deshmukh SA. Machine-Learning Enabled New Insights into the Coil-to-Globule Transition of Thermosensitive Polymers Using a Coarse-Grained Model. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6480-6488. [PMID: 30372083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a computational framework that integrates coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and a data-driven machine-learning (ML) method to gain insights into the conformations of polymers in solutions. We employ this framework to study conformational transition of a model thermosensitive polymer, poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). Here, we have developed the first of its kind, a temperature-independent CG model of PNIPAM that can accurately predict its experimental lower critical solution temperature (LCST) while retaining the tacticity in the presence of an explicit water model. The CG model was extensively validated by performing CG MD simulations with different initial conformations, varying the radius of gyration of chain, the chain length, and the angle between the adjacent monomers of the initial configuration of PNIPAM (total simulation time = 90 μs). Moreover, for the first time, we utilize the nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) method, a data-driven ML approach, to gain further insights into the mechanisms and pathways of this coil-to-globule transition by analyzing CG MD simulation trajectories. NMDS analysis provides entirely new insights and shows multiple metastable states of PNIPAM during its coil-to-globule transition above the LCST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karteek K Bejagam
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
| | - Yaxin An
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
| | - Samrendra Singh
- CNH Industrial , Burr Ridge , Illinois 60527 , United States
| | - Sanket A Deshmukh
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
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12
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Sousa SF, Peres J, Coelho M, Vieira TF. Analyzing PEGylation through Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio F. Sousa
- UCIBIO@REQUIMTE; BioSIM; Departamento de Biomedicina; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro; 4200-319, Porto Portugal
| | - Joana Peres
- LEPABE; Faculdade de Engenharia; Universidade do Porto, Porto; Portugal
| | - Manuel Coelho
- LEPABE; Faculdade de Engenharia; Universidade do Porto, Porto; Portugal
| | - Tatiana F. Vieira
- LEPABE; Faculdade de Engenharia; Universidade do Porto, Porto; Portugal
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13
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Lee E, Paul W. Thermodynamics of single polyethylene and polybutylene glycols with hydrogen-bonding ends: A transition from looped to open conformations. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:084905. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5017698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eunsang Lee
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Paul
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany
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14
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Wu C. Multiscale Modeling Scheme for Simulating Polymeric Melts: Application to Poly(Ethylene Oxide). MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201700066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Ceramics and Powder Materials; Hunan University of Humanities Science & Technology; Dixing Road 487, Louxing District Loudi 417000 Hunan Province P. R. China
- College of Materials and Environment Engineering; Hunan University of Humanities Science & Technology; Dixing Road 487, Louxing District Loudi 417000 Hunan Province P. R. China
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15
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16
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Li X, Murthy NS, Becker ML, Latour RA. Multiscale approach for the construction of equilibrated all-atom models of a poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogel. Biointerphases 2016; 11:021002. [PMID: 27013229 PMCID: PMC4808066 DOI: 10.1116/1.4944829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A multiscale modeling approach is presented for the efficient construction of an equilibrated all-atom model of a cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogel using the all-atom polymer consistent force field (PCFF). The final equilibrated all-atom model was built with a systematic simulation toolset consisting of three consecutive parts: (1) building a global cross-linked PEG-chain network at experimentally determined cross-link density using an on-lattice Monte Carlo method based on the bond fluctuation model, (2) recovering the local molecular structure of the network by transitioning from the lattice model to an off-lattice coarse-grained (CG) model parameterized from PCFF, followed by equilibration using high performance molecular dynamics methods, and (3) recovering the atomistic structure of the network by reverse mapping from the equilibrated CG structure, hydrating the structure with explicitly represented water, followed by final equilibration using PCFF parameterization. The developed three-stage modeling approach has application to a wide range of other complex macromolecular hydrogel systems, including the integration of peptide, protein, and/or drug molecules as side-chains within the hydrogel network for the incorporation of bioactivity for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634
| | - N Sanjeeva Murthy
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Matthew L Becker
- Departments of Polymer Science and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325
| | - Robert A Latour
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634
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17
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McDonnell MT, Xu H, Keffer DJ. Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations of an Excess Proton in a Triethylene Glycol–Water Solution: Solvation Structure, Mechanism, and Kinetics. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:5223-42. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marshall T. McDonnell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
and ‡Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Haixuan Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
and ‡Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - David J. Keffer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
and ‡Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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18
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Dietschreit JCB, Diestler DJ, Knapp EW. Chemically Realistic Tetrahedral Lattice Models for Polymer Chains: Application to Polyethylene Oxide. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:2388-400. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes C. B. Dietschreit
- Department
of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 36A, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis J. Diestler
- Department
of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 36A, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583, United States
| | - Ernst W. Knapp
- Department
of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 36A, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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19
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Stanzione F, Jayaraman A. Hybrid Atomistic and Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) in Explicit Water. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:4160-73. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Stanzione
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Arthi Jayaraman
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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20
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Wang S, Larson RG. A Coarse-Grained Implicit Solvent Model for Poly(ethylene oxide), CnEm Surfactants, and Hydrophobically End-Capped Poly(ethylene oxide) and Its Application to Micelle Self-Assembly and Phase Behavior. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shihu Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ronald G. Larson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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21
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High temperature proton exchange membranes with enhanced proton conductivities at low humidity and high temperature based on polymer blends and block copolymers of poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene) and poly(ethylene glycol). POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Dietschreit J, Diestler DJ, Knapp EW. Models for Self-Avoiding Polymer Chains on the Tetrahedral Lattice. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201400023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Dietschreit
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Fabeckstrasse 36A D-14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Dennis J. Diestler
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Fabeckstrasse 36A D-14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Ernst-Walter Knapp
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Fabeckstrasse 36A D-14195 Berlin Germany
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23
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Molecular Modeling of PEGylated Peptides, Dendrimers, and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/polym6030776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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24
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Chen H, Wan S, Zhu F, Wang C, Cui S, Du C, Ma Y, Gu Y. A fast tumor-targeting near-infrared fluorescent probe based on bombesin analog forin vivotumor imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 9:122-34. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Shunan Wan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Fenxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Meteria Medica; Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing 210028 China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Sisi Cui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Changli Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yuxiang Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yueqing Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District Nanjing 210009 China
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25
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Guan W, Wang J, Zhu X, Lu X. Exploration on structure and stability of polypropylene during heating and cooling processes in terms of molecular dynamics simulations. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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26
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Experimental and mesoscale computational dynamics studies of the relationship between solubility and release of quercetin from PEG solid dispersions. Int J Pharm 2013; 456:282-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Yang Z, Xin-Ping L, Qing-Xuan Z. Simulation study on the liquid-crystalline ordering and fluidity of energetic diblock copolymers based on poly[3,3-bis(azidomethyl) oxetane]. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Fukuda M, Zhang H, Ishiguro T, Fukuzawa K, Itoh S. Structure-based coarse-graining for inhomogeneous liquid polymer systems. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:054901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4817192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Prasitnok K, Wilson MR. A coarse-grained model for polyethylene glycol in bulk water and at a water/air interface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:17093-104. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52958d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ye X, Yang J, Ambreen J. Scaling laws between the hydrodynamic parameters and molecular weight of linear poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline). RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41120f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Wang Q, Suraweera NS, Keffer DJ, Deng S, Mays J. Atomistic and Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulation of a Cross-Linked Sulfonated Poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene)-Based Proton Exchange Membrane. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma300383z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qifei Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville,
Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Nethika S. Suraweera
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville,
Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - David J. Keffer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville,
Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Suxiang Deng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Jimmy Mays
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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