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Akerman MS, Sagi R, Asscher M. Inverse Volcano: A New Molecule-Surface Interaction Phenomenon. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:086203. [PMID: 36898118 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.086203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Explosive desorption of guest molecules embedded in amorphous solid water upon its crystallization is known as the "molecular volcano." Here, we describe an abrupt ejection of NH_{3} guest molecules from various molecular host films toward a Ru(0001) substrate upon heating, utilizing both temperature programmed contact potential difference and temperature programmed desorption measurements. NH_{3} molecules abruptly migrate toward the substrate due to either crystallization or desorption of the host molecules, following an "inverse volcano" process considered a highly probable phenomenon for dipolar guest molecules that strongly interact with the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Akerman
- Institute of Chemistry, Edmund J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Roey Sagi
- Institute of Chemistry, Edmund J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Micha Asscher
- Institute of Chemistry, Edmund J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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2
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Kitajima K, Nakai Y, Sameera WMC, Tsuge M, Miyazaki A, Hidaka H, Kouchi A, Watanabe N. Delivery of Electrons by Proton-Hole Transfer in Ice at 10 K: Role of Surface OH Radicals. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:704-710. [PMID: 33400539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although water ice has been widely accepted to carry a positive charge via the transfer of excess protons through a hydrogen-bonded system, ice was recently found to be a negative charge conductor upon simultaneous exposure to electrons and ultraviolet photons at temperatures below 50 K. In this work, the mechanism of electron delivery was confirmed experimentally by both measuring currents through ice and monitoring photodissociated OH radicals on ice by using a novel method. The surface OH radicals significantly decrease upon the appearance of negative current flow, indicating that the electrons are delivered by proton-hole (OH-) transfer in ice triggered by OH- production on the surface. The mechanism of proton-hole transfer was rationalized by density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensei Kitajima
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakai
- Radioactive Isotope Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Nishina Center, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - W M C Sameera
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Masashi Tsuge
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Ayane Miyazaki
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hidaka
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Akira Kouchi
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Naoki Watanabe
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
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Sagi R, Akerman M, Ramakrishnan S, Asscher M. The role of thermal history on spontaneous polarization and phase transitions of amorphous solid water films studied by contact potential difference measurements. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:144702. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0017712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roey Sagi
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Michelle Akerman
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Sujith Ramakrishnan
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Micha Asscher
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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Watanabe N, Sameera W, Hidaka H, Miyazaki A, Kouchi A. Ultraviolet-photon exposure stimulates negative current conductivity in amorphous ice below 50 K. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Petrik NG, Kimmel GA. Electron-stimulated reactions in nanoscale water films adsorbed on α-Al2O3(0001). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:11634-11642. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01284a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
100 eV electrons are stopped in the H2O portion of the isotopically-layered nanoscale film on α-Al2O3(0001) but D2 is produced at the D2O/alumina interface by mobile electronic excitations and/or hydronium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay G. Petrik
- Physical Sciences Division
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Richland
- USA
| | - Greg A. Kimmel
- Physical Sciences Division
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Richland
- USA
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Park Y, Kang H, Kang H. Brute Force Orientation of Matrix-Isolated Molecules: Reversible Reorientation of Formaldehyde in an Argon Matrix toward Perfect Alignment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngwook Park
- Department of Chemistry; Seoul National University; 1 Gwanak-ro Seoul 151-747 Republic of Korea
| | - Hani Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Seoul National University; 1 Gwanak-ro Seoul 151-747 Republic of Korea
| | - Heon Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Seoul National University; 1 Gwanak-ro Seoul 151-747 Republic of Korea
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Park Y, Kang H, Kang H. Brute Force Orientation of Matrix-Isolated Molecules: Reversible Reorientation of Formaldehyde in an Argon Matrix toward Perfect Alignment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1046-1049. [PMID: 27996190 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Brute force orientation by an electric field is a promising way of controlling the orientation of polar molecules in the gas phase, but its application to condensed-phase molecules has been very limited. We studied the reorientation of formaldehyde molecules in a solid Ar matrix under the influence of a strong electric field using reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy. Asymptotically perfect alignment of the formaldehyde molecules along the field was achieved at field strengths exceeding 1×108 V m-1 . The vibrational bands of the aligned molecules exhibited a unidirectional Stark shift proportional to the field strength. The reorientation of the molecules was reversible despite the cryogenic solid environment of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngwook Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 151-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Hani Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 151-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 151-747, Republic of Korea
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Bu C, Baragiola RA. Proton transport in ice at 30–140 K: Effects of porosity. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:074702. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4928506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Bu
- Laboratory for Astrophysics and Surface Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Raúl A. Baragiola
- Laboratory for Astrophysics and Surface Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
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Horowitz Y, Asscher M. Electron-induced chemistry of methyl chloride caged within amorphous solid water. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:154707. [PMID: 24160533 DOI: 10.1063/1.4824385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of low energy electrons (1.0-25 eV) with methyl-chloride (CD3Cl) molecules, caged within Amorphous Solid Water (ASW) films, 10-120 monolayer (ML) thick, has been studied on top of a Ru(0001) substrate under Ultra High Vacuum (UHV) conditions. While exposing the ASW film to 3 eV electrons a static electric field up to 8 × 10(8) V∕m is developed inside the ASW film due to the accumulation of trapped electrons that produce a plate capacitor voltage of exactly 3 V. At the same time while the electrons continuously strike the ASW surface, they are transmitted through the ASW film at currents of ca. 3 × 10(-7) A. These electrons transiently attach to the caged CD3Cl molecules leading to C-Cl bond scission via Dissociative Electron Attachment (DEA) process. The electron induced dissociation cross sections and product formation rate constants at 3.0 eV incident electrons at ASW film thicknesses of 10 ML and 40 ML were derived from model simulations supported by Thermal Programmed Desorption (TPD) experimental data. For 3.0 eV electrons the CD3Cl dissociation cross section is 3.5 × 10(-16) cm(2), regardless of ASW film thickness. TPD measurements reveal that the primary product is deuterated methane (D3CH) and the minor one is deuterated ethane (C2D6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Horowitz
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmund J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Shin S, Kim Y, Moon ES, Lee DH, Kang H, Kang H. Generation of strong electric fields in an ice film capacitor. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:074201. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4818535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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