1
|
|
2
|
Günther H, Schmitt P, Fischer H, Tochtermann W, Liebe J, Wolff C. Konformation und Dynamik von [6]Paracyclophan-8,9-dicarbonsäure-dimethylester. Eine1H- und13C-NMR Studie. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19850680330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
3
|
Kawai H, Suzuki T, Ohkita M, Tsuji T. Kinetic stabilization of the [1.1]paracyclophane system: isolation and X-ray structural analysis of a [1.1]paracyclophane derivative and its interconversion with the transannular adduct. Chemistry 2000; 6:4177-87. [PMID: 11128282 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3765(20001117)6:22<4177::aid-chem4177>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Intentionally designed kinetic stabilization of the [1.1]paracyclophane skeleton has been achieved by multiple substitution of the aromatic rings with trimethylsilylmethyl and N,N-dimethyl-carbamoyl groups, which serve to shield the proximate bridgehead carbon atoms sterically from access by other reagents. The bis(Dewar benzene) precursor (1a) has been prepared in essentially the same manner as previous derivatives--starting from the photocycloaddition of 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2-butyne to octa-hydroindacene-1,5-dione--except for a few critical modifications described in the text. Substituted [1.1]paracyclophane (2a), photochemically generated from the precursor, is indefinitely stable at 50 degrees C and suffers decomposition only by 8 % after 2 h at 100 degrees C in degassed n-decane, demonstrating its greatly improved kinetic stability compared to previous [1.1]paracyclophanes. Since 2a undergoes efficient photochemical transformation into the transannular addition product 3a, irradiation of la tends to produce a mixture of products consisting mainly of 3a. Compound 3a, however, reverts thermally to 2a in a process of half life 40 min at 55 degrees C; the activation parameters for this process are deltaH(not equal to)= 21.1 +/- 0.8 kcalmol(-1) and deltaS(not equal to) = -10.5 +/- 2.6 cal K(-1)mol(-1). Thus, on heating 3a in benzene and cooling the resultant solution, 2a is obtained as orange-red crystals. X-ray crystallographic analysis of 2a reveals benzene rings bent to the highest degree ever reported for a paracyclophane, with their face-to-face arrangement in unusually close proximity. The shortest nonbonding interatomic distance is 2.376 A; less than the sum of the van der Waals radii by more than 1.0A. The generation of related substituted [1.1]paracyclophanes and their kinetic stabilities are also reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Kawai
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Blackwell B, Ngola SM, Peterson H, Rosenfeld S, Tingle CW, Jasinski JP, Li Y, Whittum JE. Two Tautomeric Trihetero[9](9,10)anthracenophanes. J Org Chem 1998; 63:181-184. [PMID: 11674060 DOI: 10.1021/jo971221z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire 03431
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tsuji T, Ohkita M, Konno T, Nishida S. [1.1]Paracyclophane. Photochemical Generation from the Corresponding Bis(Dewar benzene) Derivative and Theoretical Study of Its Structure and Strain Energy. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9715253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tsuji
- Contribution from the Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060, Japan
| | - Masakazu Ohkita
- Contribution from the Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Konno
- Contribution from the Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060, Japan
| | - Shinya Nishida
- Contribution from the Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Altava B, Isabel Burguete M, Escuder B, Luis SV, García-España E, Carmen Muñoz M. Pertosylated polyaza[n](9,10)anthracenophanes. Tetrahedron 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(96)01154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
7
|
Abboud JLM, Foces-Foces C, Herreros M, Homan H, Infantes L, Notario R, Krebs AW, Neubauer J, Elguero J, Jagerovic N. Gas-phase (ion cyclotron resonance spectrometric) and solid-state (crystallographic) studies of highly substituted pyrazoles. J PHYS ORG CHEM 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1395(199602)9:2<79::aid-poc756>3.0.co;2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
8
|
Conformational analysis of [n]paracyclophanes and [n] Dewar benzenes by simulated annealing and local methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0166-1280(93)87182-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
9
|
Arnim M, Peyerimhoff SD. Ab initio study of the stability of [n]paracyclophanes and their Dewar benzene-type isomers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01374576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
10
|
Jenneskens LW, Louwen JN. [4] Metacyclophane: STO-3G molecular structure, strain energy and CNDO/S?Cl electronic transition energies. J PHYS ORG CHEM 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.610060307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
11
|
Bockisch F, Rayez J, Liotard D, Duguay B. Theoretical studies of [n]paracyclophanes and their valence isomers. I. Geometries, strain energies, and enthalpies of the inter-conversions of [n]paracyclophanes and their Dewar benzee isomers. J Comput Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.540130903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
12
|
Note on the solvent dependence of the 1H-NMR coordination chemical shifts of tricarbonyl(η6-[8]paracyclophane) chromium. A caveat concerning its interpretation. J Organomet Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(90)85029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
13
|
Jenneskens LW, Louwen JN, De Wolf WH, Bickelhaupt F. [4]Paracyclophane: MNDO and STO-3G molecular structure and strain energy. J PHYS ORG CHEM 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.610030505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
14
|
Blank NE, Haenel MW, Krüger C, Tsay YH, Wientges H. Stark verbogene Naphthalineinheiten in [2](2,6)Naphthalino[2]paracyclophan und [2](2,6)Naphthalino[2]paracyclophan-1,11-dien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1988. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19881000812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
15
|
How bent can a benzene be? The molecular structure, infrared spectrum and energetics of [6]paracyclophane. Chem Phys 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(88)87028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
16
|
Jenneskens LW, de Kanter FJ, de Wolf WH, Bickelhaupt F. MNDO Calculations on [n]metacyclophanes. J Comput Chem 1987. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.540080813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
17
|
Kostermans GB, De Wolf WH, Bickelhaupt F. Zur stabilisierung von [5]paracyclophanen durch substitution am benzolring. Tetrahedron 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)86834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
18
|
Hunger J, Wolff C, Tochtermann W, Peters EM, Peters K, Von Schnering HG. Synthese mittlerer und großer Ringe, XVI. Bootförmige Arene — Synthese, Struktur und Eigenschaften von [7]Paracyclophanen und [7](1,4)Naphthalinophanen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19861190904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
19
|
Remington RB, Lee TJ, Schaefer HF. [5]Paracyclophane: molecular structure and implications for aromaticity. Chem Phys Lett 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(86)87030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
20
|
Jenneskens L, De Wolf W, Bickelhaupt F. Scope and limitations of the flash vacuum thermolysis approach to small [n]paracyclophanes. Tetrahedron 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)87572-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
21
|
Liebe J, Wolff C, Krieger C, Weiss J, Tochtermann W. Synthese mittlerer und großer Ringe, XII. Bootförmige Benzolderivate – Synthese, Struktur und Chemie von 8,9-disubstituierten [6]Paracyclophanen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19851181023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
22
|
Carballeira L, Pereiras AJ, Rios MA. Conformatonal analysis of n‐cyclophanes by molecular mechanics. II. 5‐, 6‐, and 7‐metacyclophane. J Chem Phys 1984. [DOI: 10.1063/1.447216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|