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Ferguson E, Viggiano AA. The role of the adiabatic principle in ion chemistry: a personal history. Mol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970701206659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sharma RD. Near-resonant vibration-to-vibration energy transfer in the NO+-N2 collisions. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:114306. [PMID: 16999473 DOI: 10.1063/1.2348874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
First principles model calculations of the vibration-to-vibration (VV) energy transfer (ET) processes NO(+)(nu=1)+N(2)(nu=n-1)-->NO(+)(nu=0)+N(2)(nu=n)+(28.64n-14.67) cm(-1) and NO(+)(nu=n)+N(2)(nu=0)-->NO(+)(nu=n-1)+N(2)(nu=1)+(32.52(n-1)+13.97) cm(-1) for n=1-3 in the 300-1000 K temperature range are performed. The VV ET probability is computed for three mechanisms: (1) The charge on NO(+) acting on the average polarizability of N(2) induces a dipole moment in N(2) which then interacts with the permanent dipole moment of NO(+) to mediate the energy transfer. (2) The charge on NO(+) acting on the anisotropic polarizability of N(2) induces a dipole moment in N(2) which then interacts with the permanent dipole moment of NO(+) to mediate the energy transfer. (3) The dipole moment of NO(+) interacts with the quadrupole moment of N(2) to mediate the energy transfer. Because the probability amplitudes of the second and third mechanisms add coherently the ET probability for these two mechanisms is given as a single number. The probability of energy transfer per collision is in the 5 x 10(-3) range. The results of this calculation are compared with the available experimental data. This calculation should help quantify the role of NO(+) in the energy budget of the upper atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh D Sharma
- Space Vehicles Directorate/VSBYM, Hanscom AFB, Massachusetts 01731, USA.
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Smith D, Cheng P, Spanel P. Analysis of petrol and diesel vapour and vehicle engine exhaust gases using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2002; 16:1124-1134. [PMID: 11992517 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have used selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) to analyse the vapours emitted by petrol and diesel fuels and the exhaust gases from petrol (spark ignition) and diesel (compression ignition) engine vehicles fitted with catalytic converters. Only those components of these media that have significant vapour pressures at ambient temperatures were analysed and thus particulates were obviously not detected. These media have been analysed using the full scope of SIFT-MS, i.e., with the three available precursor ions H3O+, NO+ and O2+. The combination of the H3O+ and NO+ analyses is seen to be essential to distinguish between different product ions at the same mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) especially in identifying aldehydes in the exhaust gases. The O2+ precursor ions are used to detect and quantify the large amount of nitric oxide present in the exhaust gases from both engine types. The petrol and diesel vapours consist almost exclusively of aliphatic alkanes, alkenes and alkynes (and dienes) and aromatic hydrocarbons. Some of these compounds appear in the exhaust gases together with several aldehydes, viz. formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, pentanal, pentenal (acrolein), butenal, and also methanol and ethanol. Acetone, nitric oxide and ammonia are also present, acetone and nitric oxide being much more abundant in the diesel exhaust gas than in the petrol exhaust gas. These data were obtained from samples collected into pre-evacuated stainless steel vessels. Trapping of the volatile compounds from the gas samples is not required and analysis was completed a few minutes later. All the above compounds are detected simultaneously, which demonstrates the value of SIFT-MS in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Smith
- Centre for Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Postgraduate Medicine, Keele University, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK.
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Wisthaler A, Hansel A, Schwarzmann M, Scheiring C, Lindinger W, Ferguson EE. Relaxation of vibrationally excited HCN+ and DCN+ ions in collisions with He. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lindinger W, Hansel A, Jordan A. On-line monitoring of volatile organic compounds at pptv levels by means of proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) medical applications, food control and environmental research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1176(97)00281-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1286] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kato S, Bierbaum VM, Leone SR. Laser fluorescence and mass spectrometric measurements of vibrational relaxation of N2+(v) with He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(95)04283-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Koutselos AD. Molecular dynamics simulation of gaseous ion‐motion in electrostatic fields. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Zenevich VA, Lindinger W, Pogrebnya SK, Cacciatore M, Billing GD. Vibrational relaxation in the NO+–He collision system: Implication of the Gislason–Ferguson model. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tsuji M, Ishimi H, Nishimura Y, Obase H. Formation of NO( A 2Σ +, C 2Π r, D 2Σ +) by the ion–ion neutralization reaction between NO + and C 6F 6− at thermal energy. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Tsuji M, Ishimi H, Nakamura M, Nishimura Y, Obase H. Formation of NO(A 2Σ+) by the neutralization reaction between NO+ and SF−6 at thermal energy. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Viggiano AA, Morris RA, Paulson JF, Brown ER, Sutton EA. A reexamination of the vibrational–vibrational energy transfer from N2(v) to NO+. J Chem Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1063/1.465849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ferguson EE. A Personal history of the early development of the flowing afterglow technique for ion-molecule reaction studies. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 1992; 3:479-486. [PMID: 24234490 DOI: 10.1016/1044-0305(92)85024-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/1991] [Revised: 09/18/1991] [Accepted: 09/18/1991] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A personal perspective of the historical development of the flowing afterglow (FA) technique for measuring thermal energy ion-molecule reaction rate constants is presented. The technique was developed in the period starting in late 1962 in what was then the National Bureau of Standards in Boulder, Colorado. The motivation was primarily to obtain a quantitative understanding of the ion chemistry of the terrestrial ionosphere, a program that was substantially achieved. The thermal energy measurements were extended in temperature from 300 K to a range of 80 K-900 K and subsequently to a center-of-mass kinetic energy range up to ∼ 2 eV with the introduction of a drift tube into the FA.The chemical versatility, in regard to both the ion and the neutral reactants measured, remains unequaled and FA systems are currently in widespread use around the world for a variety of chemical research programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Ferguson
- Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, 80303-3328, Boulder, CO
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Hawley M, Smith MA. Gas phase collisional quenching of NO+(v=1) ions below 5 K. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.461248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Viggiano AA, Morris RA, Dale F, Paulson JF, Ferguson EE. Vibrational quenching of NO+(v) ions in collision with H2, D2, and O2. J Chem Phys 1989. [DOI: 10.1063/1.456057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Flow Tube Studies of Ion-Molecule Reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2199(08)60082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Richter R, Lindinger W, Ferguson EE. Vibrational quenching of NO+(v) in collisions with CH4 from 0.04 to 1.2 eV. J Chem Phys 1988. [DOI: 10.1063/1.455578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Ferguson EE, Richter R, Lindinger W. Competitive charge–transfer and vibrational quenching of N+2 (X,v=1) in collisions with O2 and NO. J Chem Phys 1988. [DOI: 10.1063/1.455696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Morris RA, Viggiano AA, Dale F, Paulson JF. Collisional vibrational quenching of NO+(v) ions. J Chem Phys 1988. [DOI: 10.1063/1.454690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tosi P, Ronchetti M, Laganá A. Vibrational deactivation mechanisms for O+2(v=1) colliding with Kr. J Chem Phys 1988. [DOI: 10.1063/1.454693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tichy M, Javahery G, Twiddy N, Ferguson E. Vibrational quenching of HCl+(ν=1) and DCl+(ν=1) by Ar and Kr. Chem Phys Lett 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(88)87103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kriegel M, Richter R, Lindinger W, Barbier L, Ferguson EE. Vibrational excitation and quenching of N+2 in collision with He at relative energies below 1 eV. J Chem Phys 1988. [DOI: 10.1063/1.454639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Dressler RA, Meyer H, Leone SR. Laser probing of the rotational alignment of N+2drifted in helium. J Chem Phys 1987. [DOI: 10.1063/1.453475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tichy M, Javahery G, Twiddy N, Ferguson E. The thermal energy reactions HCl+ + SF6 → SF5+ + HF + Cl and HCl+ + CF4 → CF3+ + HF + Cl. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(87)83002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tosi P, Ronchetti M, Laganà A. Computational evidence for the existence of two mechanisms for the vibrational relaxation of O+2 by collision with Kr. Chem Phys Lett 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(87)80274-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Heninger M, Fenistein S, Durup-Ferguson M, Ferguson E, Marx R, Mauclaire G. Radiative lifetime for v = 1 and v = 2 ground state NO+ ions. Chem Phys Lett 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(86)80562-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Hamilton CE, Bierbaum VM, Leone SR. Product vibrational state distributions of thermal energy charge transfer reactions determined by laser‐induced fluorescence in a flowing afterglow: Ar++CO→CO+(v=0–6)+Ar. J Chem Phys 1985. [DOI: 10.1063/1.449320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wagner‐Redeker W, Kemper PR, Jarrold MF, Bowers MT. The formation and reactivity of HOC+: Interstellar implications. J Chem Phys 1985. [DOI: 10.1063/1.449474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Federer W, Dobler W, Howorka F, Lindinger W, Durup‐Ferguson M, Ferguson EE. Collisional relaxation of vibrationally excited NO+(v) ions. J Chem Phys 1985. [DOI: 10.1063/1.449466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hamilton CE, Bierbaum VM, Leone SR. Product vibrational state distributions of thermal energy charge transfer reactions determined by laser‐induced fluorescence: N++CO→CO+(v=0–2)+N. J Chem Phys 1985. [DOI: 10.1063/1.449527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Märk T, Castleman A. Experimental Studies on Cluster Ions. ADVANCES IN ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2199(08)60266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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A classical trajectory study of the angular momentum coupling model the influence of anisotropic polarizability on the lifetimes of complexes formed in ion—molecule collisions. Chem Phys Lett 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(84)80434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Durup‐Ferguson M, Böhringer H, Fahey DW, Fehsenfeld FC, Ferguson EE. Competitive reaction and quenching of vibrationally excited O+2 ions with SO2, CH4, and H2O. J Chem Phys 1984. [DOI: 10.1063/1.447975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ferguson EE, Smith D, Adams NG. A correlation between slightly endothermic reactivity and ion–molecule association reaction rates. J Chem Phys 1984. [DOI: 10.1063/1.447706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ferguson EE, Adams NG, Smith D, Alge E. Rate coefficients at 300 K for the vibrational energy transfer reactions from N2(v=1) to O+2(v=0) and NO+(v=0). J Chem Phys 1984. [DOI: 10.1063/1.446709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ferguson E, Smith D, Adams N. Three-body association reactions of O2+· and NO+ ions with Kr and Ar at 80 K. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(84)85181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Katayama D, Welsh J. The effect of temperature on the collisional deactivation of electronically excited CO+. Chem Phys Lett 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(84)87014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Duncan MA, Bierbaum VM, Ellison GB, Leone SR. Laser‐induced fluorescence studies of ion collisional excitation in a drift field: Rotational excitation of N+2 in helium. J Chem Phys 1983. [DOI: 10.1063/1.445663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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