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Kumar R, Lokitz B, Long TE, Sumpter BG. Enhanced scattering induced by electrostatic correlations in concentrated solutions of salt-free dipolar and ionic polymers. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:163336. [PMID: 30384727 DOI: 10.1063/1.5044637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a generalized theory for studying the static monomer density-density correlation function (structure factor) in concentrated solutions and melts of dipolar as well as ionic polymers. The theory captures effects of electrostatic fluctuations on the structure factor and provides insights into the origin of experimentally observed enhanced scattering at ultralow wavevectors in salt-free ionic polymers. It is shown that the enhanced scattering can originate from a coupling between the fluctuations of electric polarization and monomer density. Local and non-local effects of the polarization resulting from finite sized permanent dipoles and ion-pairs in dipolar and charge regulating ionic polymers, respectively, are considered. Theoretical calculations reveal that, similar to the salt-free ionic polymers, the structure factor for dipolar polymers can also exhibit a peak at a finite wavevector and enhanced scattering at ultralow wavevectors. Although consideration of dipolar interactions leads to attractive interactions between monomers, the enhanced scattering at ultralow wavevectors is predicted solely on the basis of the electrostatics of weakly inhomogeneous dipolar and ionic polymers without considering the effects of any aggregates or phase separation. Thus, we conclude that neither aggregation nor phase separation is necessary for observing the enhanced scattering at ultralow wavevectors in salt-free dipolar and ionic polymers. For charge regulating ionic polymers, it is shown that electrostatic interactions between charged monomers get screened with a screening length, which depends not only on the concentration of "free" counterions and coions, but also on the concentration of "adsorbed" ions on the polymer chains. Qualitative comparisons with the experimental scattering curves for ionic and dipolar polymer melts are presented using the theory developed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Kumar
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Bradley Lokitz
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Timothy E Long
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Bobby G Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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Xu G, Yang J, Zhao J. Molecular weight dependence of chain conformation of strong polyelectrolytes. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:163329. [PMID: 30384707 DOI: 10.1063/1.5035458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Using sodium polystyrene sulfonate (NaPSS) and quarternized poly 4-vinylpyridine (QP4VP) as model systems, the chain conformation of polyelectrolytes under finite salt concentrations is investigated at a single molecular level. By fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), the hydrodynamic radius (R h) of the samples with the molecular weight ranging more than one order of magnitude was measured. The variations of R h as a function of molecular weight reveal the molecular weight dependence: under moderate salt concentrations (such as 10-4 and 0.1M), the shorter chains of both NaPSS and QP4VP take the rod-like conformation, while the longer chains take the coiled conformation (random coil or swelled random coil conformation, respectively). At high enough salt levels, both the charged chains take the coiled conformations. Photon counting histogram (PCH) measurements of the local pH value at the vicinity of the NaPSS chain expose the higher extent of counterion adsorption for longer chains as well as higher salt concentrations, telling that the charge regularization process is the major governing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Xu
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China and The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingfa Yang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China and The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China and The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Amano KI, Ishihara T, Hashimoto K, Ishida N, Fukami K, Nishi N, Sakka T. Stratification of Colloidal Particles on a Surface: Study by a Colloidal Probe Atomic Force Microscopy Combined with a Transform Theory. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:4592-4599. [PMID: 29611708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b01082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) can be used for measuring force curves between the colloidal probe and the substrate in a colloidal suspension. In the experiment, an oscillatory force curve reflecting the layer structure of the colloidal particles on the substrate is usually obtained. However, the force curve is not equivalent to the interfacial structure of the colloidal particles. In this paper, the force curve is transformed into the number density distribution of the colloidal particles as a function of the distance from the substrate surface using our newly developed transform theory. It is found by the transform theory that the interfacial stratification is enhanced by an increase in an absolute value of the surface potential of the colloidal particle, despite a simultaneous increase in a repulsive electrostatic interaction between the substrate and the colloidal particle. To elucidate the mechanism of the stratification, an integral equation theory is employed. It is found that crowding of the colloidal particles in the bulk due to the increase in the absolute value of the surface potential of the colloidal particle leads to pushing out some colloidal particles to the wall. The combined method of CP-AFM and the transform theory (the experimental-theoretical study of the interfacial stratification) is related to colloidal crystallization, glass transition, and aggregation on a surface. Thus, the combined method is important for developments of colloidal nanotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Amano
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Taira Ishihara
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Kota Hashimoto
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Naoyuki Ishida
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Okayama University , Okayama 700-8530 , Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Fukami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan
| | - Naoya Nishi
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sakka
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
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Structure investigation of poly((2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)/sodium dodecylsulfate complexes in concentrated poly((2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) solutions using small angle neutron scattering. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Lee W, Kofinas P, Briber R. Small angle neutron scattering study of deuterated sodium dodecylsulfate micellization in dilute poly((2–dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) solutions. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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6
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Ishii Y, Matsuoka H, Ise N. “Ordered” Distribution of Ionic Micelles in Dilute Solutions of Alkyltrimethylammonium Chloride as Studied by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19860900108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Terech P, Dourdain S, Bhat S, Maitra U. Self-Assembly of Bile Steroid Analogues: Molecules, Fibers, and Networks. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:8252-67. [DOI: 10.1021/jp811217b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Terech
- CEA-Grenoble, INAC-SPrAM (UMR5819)-LASSO, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Sandrine Dourdain
- CEA-Grenoble, INAC-SPrAM (UMR5819)-LASSO, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Shreedhar Bhat
- CEA-Grenoble, INAC-SPrAM (UMR5819)-LASSO, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Uday Maitra
- CEA-Grenoble, INAC-SPrAM (UMR5819)-LASSO, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
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Terech P, Maitra U. Structural and Rheological Properties of Aqueous Viscoelastic Solutions and Gels of Tripodal Cholamide-Based Self-Assembled Supramolecules. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:13483-92. [DOI: 10.1021/jp803212r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Terech
- CEA-Grenoble, INAC-SPrAM (UMR5819)-LASSO, 17, rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Uday Maitra
- CEA-Grenoble, INAC-SPrAM (UMR5819)-LASSO, 17, rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
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Micali N, Villari V, Cusumano M, Pietro MLD, Giannetto A. Role of the coulombic interaction in ligand-induced biopolymer aggregation. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:1231-7. [PMID: 17266279 DOI: 10.1021/jp065795w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interaction mechanisms responsible for the binding between metal complexes and biopolymers in aqueous solution, as well as the consequent aggregation process of biopolymers themselves, involve many factors, from geometrical aspects and hydrophobic contributions, as examples, to the electrostatic potential. In this paper aqueous solutions of a polynucleotide, polyadenylic acid (PolyA), which mimics the helix arrangement of RNA or single-stranded DNA but has a simpler structure, are used as a model system. The role of the electrostatic interactions in the binding process between some platinum(II) complexes and PolyA and in the aggregation among PolyA molecules is investigated, by means of elastic and quasielastic light scattering and electrophoretic mobility. The results show that the presence of large, planar aromatic moiety in the dicationic platinum(II) complexes is essential for the binding with PolyA and suggest that the consequent lowering of the local electrostatic barrier between PolyA molecules can be involved in triggering the aggregation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norberto Micali
- CNR-Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Via La Farina 237, I-98123, Messina, Italy.
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Entry in emulsion polymerization using a mixture of sodium polystyrene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate as the surfactant. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Prabhu VM, Muthukumar M, Wignall GD, Melnichenko YB. Polyelectrolyte chain dimensions and concentration fluctuations near phase boundaries. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1592496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ramzi A, Scherrenberg R, Joosten J, Lemstra P, Mortensen K. Structure−Property Relations in Dendritic Polyelectrolyte Solutions at Different Ionic Strength. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma011057o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aissa Ramzi
- Eindhoven Polymer Laboratories, The Dutch Polymer Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, NL-5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; DSM Research, P.O. Box 18, NL-6160 MD, Geleen, The Netherlands; and Danish Polymer Centre, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rolf Scherrenberg
- Eindhoven Polymer Laboratories, The Dutch Polymer Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, NL-5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; DSM Research, P.O. Box 18, NL-6160 MD, Geleen, The Netherlands; and Danish Polymer Centre, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jacques Joosten
- Eindhoven Polymer Laboratories, The Dutch Polymer Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, NL-5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; DSM Research, P.O. Box 18, NL-6160 MD, Geleen, The Netherlands; and Danish Polymer Centre, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Piet Lemstra
- Eindhoven Polymer Laboratories, The Dutch Polymer Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, NL-5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; DSM Research, P.O. Box 18, NL-6160 MD, Geleen, The Netherlands; and Danish Polymer Centre, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kell Mortensen
- Eindhoven Polymer Laboratories, The Dutch Polymer Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, NL-5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; DSM Research, P.O. Box 18, NL-6160 MD, Geleen, The Netherlands; and Danish Polymer Centre, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
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Renard D, Axelos MAV, Boué F, Lefebvre J. “Ordered” structure in solutions and gels of a globular protein as studied by small angle neutron scattering. Biopolymers 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(199608)39:2<149::aid-bip3>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Ermi BD, Amis EJ. Domain Structures in Low Ionic Strength Polyelectrolyte Solutions. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma980579+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Ramzi A, Scherrenberg R, Brackman J, Joosten J, Mortensen K. Intermolecular Interactions between Dendrimer Molecules in Solution Studied by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma970974k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Ramzi
- Department PAC, DSM Research, P.O. Box 18, NL-6160 MD, Geleen, The Netherlands, and Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - R. Scherrenberg
- Department PAC, DSM Research, P.O. Box 18, NL-6160 MD, Geleen, The Netherlands, and Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - J. Brackman
- Department PAC, DSM Research, P.O. Box 18, NL-6160 MD, Geleen, The Netherlands, and Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - J. Joosten
- Department PAC, DSM Research, P.O. Box 18, NL-6160 MD, Geleen, The Netherlands, and Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - K. Mortensen
- Department PAC, DSM Research, P.O. Box 18, NL-6160 MD, Geleen, The Netherlands, and Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
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Muthukumar M. Double screening in polyelectrolyte solutions: Limiting laws and crossover formulas. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Small-angle x-ray scattering of ?-carrageenan based systems: Sols, gels, and blends with carob galactomannan. Biopolymers 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.360360502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Wang ZY, White JW, Konno M, Saito S, Nozawa T. A small-angle x-ray scattering study of alginate solution and its Sol-Gel transition by addition of divalent cations. Biopolymers 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.360350211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mattoussi H, Karasz FE, Langley KH. Electrostatic and screening effects on the dynamic aspects of polyelectrolyte solutions. J Chem Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1063/1.458791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mattoussi H. Unusual behavior of water soluble polyelectrolyte macromolecules shown by QELS study: is it a property of hydrophobic backbones ? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1051/jphys:0199000510200232100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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24
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Matsuoka H, Tsurumi M, Ise N. Small-angle x-ray scattering study of aqueous solutions of sulfonated calix. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:6279-6286. [PMID: 9947091 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.6279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Murthy NS, Braswell EH, Knox JR. The association behavior of beta-lactamases in polyethylene glycol solution. Biopolymers 1988; 27:865-81. [PMID: 3260114 DOI: 10.1002/bip.360270512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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26
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Matsuoka H, Murai H, Ise N. "Ordered" structure in colloidal silica particle suspensions as studied by small-angle x-ray scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 37:1368-1375. [PMID: 9944647 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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27
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Overbeek JTG. On the electrostatic interaction in macroionic solutions and suspensions. J Chem Phys 1987. [DOI: 10.1063/1.452851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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28
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Cannistraro S, Petrillo C, Sacchetti F, Calogero R, Gualerzi C. Neutron diffraction evidence for substrate-triggered intermolecular interactions in the ribosomal protein IF-2. Chem Phys Lett 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(87)80161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Matsuoka H, Tanaka H, Hashimoto T, Ise N. Elastic scattering from cubic lattice systems with paracrystalline distortion. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1987; 36:1754-1765. [PMID: 9943012 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.36.1754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Okubo T. Microscopic observation of ordered colloids in sedimentation equilibrium and the important role of Debye screening length. 3. Heavy and monodisperse polystyrene type spheres in aqueous solution of neutral polymers. Colloid Polym Sci 1987. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01412775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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31
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Ito K, Ise N. Two‐dimensional Fourier analysis of colloid crystals in dilute suspensions. I. J Chem Phys 1987. [DOI: 10.1063/1.452441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Yoshikawa Y, Matsuoka H, Ise N. ‘Ordered’ Structure of Polyallylamine Hydrochloride in Dilute Solutions as Studied by Small Angle X-ray Scattering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4980180408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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34
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Ise N. Geordnete Bereiche in verdünnten Lösungen von ionischen Spezies durch Anziehung gleichsinnig geladener Teilchen - ein Paradigmenwechsel in der Kolloid- und Polymerchemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1986. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19860980406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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