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Armenta Butt S, Price SD. Bond-forming and electron-transfer reactivity between Ar 2+ and N 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11287-11299. [PMID: 33954331 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00918d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Collisions between Ar2+ and N2 have been studied using a coincidence technique at a centre-of-mass (CM) collision energy of 5.1 eV. Four reaction channels generating pairs of monocations are observed: Ar+ + N2+, Ar+ + N+, ArN+ + N+ and N+ + N+. The formation of Ar+ + N2+ is the most intense channel, displaying forward scattering but with a marked tail to higher scattering angles. This scattering, and other dynamics data, is indicative of direct electron transfer competing with a 'sticky' collision between the Ar2+ and N2 reactants. Here Ar+ is generated in its ground (2P) state and N2+ is primarily in the low vibrational levels of the C2Σu+ state. A minor channel involving the initial population of higher energy N2+ states, lying above the dissociation asymptote to N+ + N, which fluoresce to stable states of N2+ is also identified. The formation of Ar+ + N+ by dissociative single electron transfer again reveals the involvement of two different pathways for the initial electron transfer (direct or complexation). This reaction pathway predominantly involves excited states of Ar2+ (1D and 1S) populating N2+* in its dissociative C2Σu+, 22Πg and D2Πg states. Formation of ArN+ + N+ proceeds via a direct mechanism. The ArN+ is formed, with significant vibrational excitation, in its ground (X3Σ-) state. Formation of N+ + N+ is also observed as a consequence of double electron transfer forming N22+. The exoergicity of the subsequent N22+ dissociation reveals the population of the A1Πu and D3Πg dication states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Armenta Butt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Stephen D Price
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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Xu Y, Xiong B, Chang YC, Pan Y, Lo PK, Lau KC, Ng CY. A quantum-rovibrational-state-selected study of the reaction in the collision energy range of 0.05-10.00 eV: translational, rotational, and vibrational energy effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:9778-9789. [PMID: 28352920 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00937b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report detailed absolute integral cross sections (σ's) for the quantum-rovibrational-state-selected ion-molecule reaction in the center-of-mass collision energy (Ecm) range of 0.05-10.00 eV, where (vvv) = (000), (100), and (020), and . Three product channels, HCO+ + OH, HOCO+ + H, and CO+ + H2O, are identified. The measured σ(HCO+) curve [σ(HCO+) versus Ecm plot] supports the hypothesis that the formation of the HCO+ + OH channel follows an exothermic pathway with no potential energy barriers. Although the HOCO+ + H channel is the most exothermic, the σ(HOCO+) is found to be significantly lower than the σ(HCO+). The σ(HOCO+) curve is bimodal, indicating two distinct mechanisms for the formation of HOCO+. The σ(HOCO+) is strongly inhibited at Ecm < 0.4 eV, but is enhanced at Ecm > 0.4 eV by (100) vibrational excitation. The Ecm onsets of σ(CO+) determined for the (000) and (100) vibrational states are in excellent agreement with the known thermochemical thresholds. This observation, along with the comparison of the σ(CO+) curves for the (100) and (000) states, shows that kinetic and vibrational energies are equally effective in promoting the CO+ channel. We have also performed high-level ab initio quantum calculations on the potential energy surface, intermediates, and transition state structures for the titled reaction. The calculations reveal potential barriers of ≈0.5-0.6 eV for the formation of HOCO+, and thus account for the low σ(HOCO+) and its bimodal profile observed. The Ecm enhancement for σ(HOCO+) at Ecm ≈ 0.5-5.0 eV can be attributed to the direct collision mechanism, whereas the formation of HOCO+ at low Ecm < 0.4 eV may involve a complex mechanism, which is mediated by the formation of a loosely sticking complex between HCO+ and OH. The direct collision and complex mechanisms proposed also allow the rationalization of the vibrational inhibition at low Ecm and the vibrational enhancement at high Ecm observed for the σ(HOCO+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Xiong B, Chang YC, Ng CY. Quantum-state-selected integral cross sections for the charge transfer collision of O2+(a4Πu5/2,3/2,1/2,−1/2: v+= 1–2; J+) [O2+(X2Πg3/2,1/2: v+= 22–23; J+)] + Ar at center-of-mass collision energies of 0.05–10.00 eV. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:29057-29067. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04886f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Study of spin–orbit and rovibronically selected ion-molecule reactions between O2+(a4Πu,ν+= 1–2; X2Πg,ν+= 22–23) and Ar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xiong
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Davis
- USA
| | | | - Cheuk-Yiu Ng
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Davis
- USA
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Xu Y, Xiong B, Chang YC, Ng CY. The translational, rotational, and vibrational energy effects on the chemical reactivity of water cation H2O+(X 2B1) in the collision with deuterium molecule D2. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:024203. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4812774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chang YC, Xu Y, Lu Z, Xu H, Ng CY. Rovibrationally selected ion-molecule collision study using the molecular beam vacuum ultraviolet laser pulsed field ionization-photoion method: Charge transfer reaction of N2+(X 2Σg+; v+ = 0–2; N+ = 0–9) + Ar. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:104202. [PMID: 22979852 DOI: 10.1063/1.4750248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yih Chung Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Yuntao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Zhou Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C. Y. Ng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Crossed-Molecular Beam Studies of State-to-State Reaction Dynamics. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470141397.ch7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk-Yiu Ng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616
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Lu W, Tosi P, Bassi D. Guided-ion beam investigations of the reactions CO++N2 and N2++CO. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1288176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tosi P, Correale R, Lu W, Bassi D. Production of ArN+ ions in the reactions Ar++N2 and N2++Ar. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.478311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Li X, Huang YL, Flesch GD, Ng CY. A state-selected study of the ion–molecule reactions O+(4S,2D,2P)+N2. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.474087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Li X, Huang YL, Flesch GD, Ng CY. A state-selected study of the ion–molecule reactions O+(2D,2P)+H2O. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.473172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Haynes CL, Freysinger W, Armentrout P. Collision-induced dissociation of N3+ (X3Σ−) with Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(95)04255-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Li X, Huang Y, Flesch GD, Ng CY. Absolute total cross sections for the ion–molecule reaction O+(4So)+H2O. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Graul ST, Williams S, Dressler RA, Salter RH, Murad E. Guided‐ion beam measurements of X++NO (X=Ar, N2) reactions. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.466879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tosi P, Dmitrijev O, Bassi D. The charge transfer reaction Ar+ + N2 → N+2 + Ar. Crossed-beam measurements of the integral cross section as a function of the collision energy. Chem Phys Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(92)80079-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Flesch GD, Ng CY. Absolute state‐selected and state‐to‐state total cross sections for the Ar+(2P3/2,1/2)+CO2reactions. J Chem Phys 1992. [DOI: 10.1063/1.463616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ng C. State‐Selected and State‐to‐State Ion‐Molecular Reaction Dynamics by Photoionization and Differential Reactivity Methods. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470141397.ch6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Flesch GD, Nourbakhsh S, Ng CY. Absolute state‐selected and state‐to‐state total cross sections for the Ar+(2P3/2,1/2)+CO reactions. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.460843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Broström L, Larsson M, Mannervik S, Sonnek D. The visible photoabsorption spectrum and potential curves of ArN+. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.459850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Viggiano AA, Van Doren JM, Morris RA, Paulson JF. Evidence for an influence of rotational energy on the rate constants for the reaction of Ar+(2P3/2) with N2. J Chem Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1063/1.458666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Flesch GD, Nourbakhsh S, Ng CY. Absolute state‐selected and state‐to‐state total cross sections for the reaction Ar+(2P3/2,1/2)+O2. J Chem Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1063/1.457867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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