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Sharma AR, Weeks DE. Interatomic potentials for ground and excited states of Ar+He. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:194302. [PMID: 30466283 DOI: 10.1063/1.5049661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential energy curves (PECs) of the ground and excited states that correlate in the atomic limit with Ar([Ne]3s 23p 6,1S), Ar([Ne]3s 23p 54s 1, 3P, 1P), and Ar([Ne]3s 23p 54p 1, 3D, 3P, 3S, 1D, 1P, 1S) are calculated at the multireference configuration interaction (MRCI+Q) theoretical level with extrapolations to the complete basis set limit using all-electron correlation consistent triple-, quadruple-, and quintuple-zeta basis sets. Scalar relativistic corrections are calculated using second-order Douglas-Kroll-Hess Hamiltonian with the corresponding basis sets contracted for scalar relativistic Hamiltonians. For these calculations, the 3s orbitals of the Ar atom are not included in the active space but are correlated through single and double excitations. Spin-orbit eigenstates are computed by diagonalizing the Breit-Pauli matrix between internal configurations with no electrons in external orbitals and added to the scalar relativistic results. A total of 32 molecular PECs are computed with spin-orbit contributions, which correlate with 1s1, 1s5-2, and 2p10-1 atomic Ar energies in Paschen notation. Important features of the PECs and system crossings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit R Sharma
- Department of Physics, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA
| | - David E Weeks
- Department of Engineering Physics, Air Force Institute of Technology, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, USA
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Mastalerz R, Zehnder O, Reiher M, Merkt F. Spin–Orbit Coupling and Potential Energy Functions of Ar2+ and Kr2+ by High-Resolution Photoelectron Spectroscopy and ab Initio Quantum Chemistry. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:3671-85. [DOI: 10.1021/ct300078m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Mastalerz
- Laboratorium
für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zurich,
8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - O. Zehnder
- Laboratorium
für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zurich,
8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. Reiher
- Laboratorium
für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zurich,
8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F. Merkt
- Laboratorium
für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zurich,
8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Shubert VA, Pratt ST. Photoelectron imaging of several 5d and 6p Rydberg states Xe2 and improving the Xe2(+) I(1∕2g) potential. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:044315. [PMID: 21280733 DOI: 10.1063/1.3533361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Velocity map photoelectron imaging was used to study the photoionization of Xe(2) in several low-lying 5d and 6p Rydberg states. The Rydberg states were prepared by two-photon excitation and ionized by either one additional photon from the pump laser (2+1 ionization), or by one photon of a second color (2+1(') ionization). The 2+1 images and associated photoelectron spectra were consistent with previous results, although some adjustment of previously proposed equilibrium bond lengths was necessary to fit the spectra with Franck-Condon factor calculations. The 2+1(') images provided higher resolution photoelectron spectra and, in conjunction with the Xe(2)(+) potentials reported by Zehnder and co-workers [J. Chem. Phys. 128, 234306 (2008)] and the 6p and 5d Xe(2)∗ potentials calculated by Jonin and Spiegelmann [J. Chem. Phys. 117, 3059 (2002)], provided a means for improving the Xe(2)∗ potentials. New experimental data are also presented for photoionization populating the Xe(2)(+) I(1∕2g) state, and are used to provide a better description of its potential curve.
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BULANIN MO. Collision-induced shift of the ionization continuum and interaction polarizabilities of rare-gas atoms. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/002689797169862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Holroyd RA, Cook AR, Preses JM. Dynamics of excimer formation and decay in supercritical krypton. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:224509. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3266942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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HA TK, RUPPER P, WÜEST A, MERKT F. The lowest electronic states of Ne2 +, Ar2 + and Kr2 +: comparison of theory and experiment. Mol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/0026897031000075624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T.-K. HA
- a Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich (HCI) , CH-8093 , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - P. RUPPER
- a Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich (HCI) , CH-8093 , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - A. WÜEST
- a Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich (HCI) , CH-8093 , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - F. MERKT
- a Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich (HCI) , CH-8093 , Zurich , Switzerland
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Yoshii H, Tsukamoto K, Hayaishi T, Aoto T, Ito K, Morioka Y. Dissociation processes of Kr2+ and Kr3+ studied by threshold photoelectron-photoion coincidence measurements. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:184303. [PMID: 16292904 DOI: 10.1063/1.2101456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A time-of-flight (TOF) ion mass spectrum in coincidence with threshold photoelectrons was measured in the photon energy region between the first and second dissociation limits of Kr2(+) to examine the decay processes of the Kr2(+) II(1/2u) state. The measured TOF spectrum reveals that Kr+ fragment ions are produced through dissociation of the repulsive I(1/2g) state, which can be formed by the decay process of the II(1/2u) state accompanied with emission of photons. The potential-energy curve of the I(1/2g) state is deduced with detailed analysis of the observed TOF spectrum, in which the radiative lifetime of the II(1/2u) state was also derived to be 2.5 micros. Additionally, evidence of the dissociation process of Kr3(+) ions was obtained in the same photon energy region, where the dominant channel is Kr3(+) --> Kr2(+) + Kr.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshii
- Physics Division, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Matsuoka, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
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Abstract
This work is dedicated to Gerhard Herzberg and his prodigious contributions to molecular spectroscopy. Of particular relevance here is Herzberg's seminal 1987 article (Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 38, 27 (1987)) in which he discussed the electronic structures of several groups of molecules he termed "Rydberg molecules". Among these are the rare gas dimers (Rg2), a group whose study has benefited significantly from recent advances in laser excitation and synchrotron-based spectroscopies, as well as in theory. Following the spirit of Herzberg's 1987 article, this paper reviews some of the more prominent features of Rydberg states in the Rg2 family as viewed from the current perspective.Key words: rare gas dimers, rare gas dimer excited states, Rg2 electronic structures, Rydberg states of He2, Ne2, Ar2, Kr2, and Xe2, electronic states of He2, Ne2, Ar2, Kr2, and Xe2.
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Jonin C, Spiegelmann F. Pseudopotential hole–particle formalism for excitations in xenon molecules and clusters. II. The electronic structure of Xe2*. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1491400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Jonin C, Laporte P, Spiegelmann F. Pseudopotential hole–particle formalism for excitations in xenon molecules and clusters. I. Theory, atomic and molecular tests. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1491399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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WÜEST A, RUPPER P, MERKT F. Experimental determination of the potential energy curves of the I(3/2u) and I(3/2g) states of Kr+2. Mol Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970110083573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Borghesani AF, Bressi G, Carugno G, Conti E, Iannuzzi D. Infrared fluorescence of Xe2 molecules in electron/proton beam excited pure Xe gas and in an Ar/Xe gas mixture. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1398307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Signorell R, Hollenstein U, Merkt F. High-resolution photoelectron spectroscopic study of the first electronic states of Kr2+. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1370939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kanaev AV, Museur L, Castex MC. Size-effects on energy relaxation and excited-species desorption in krypton clusters: Fluorescence lifetime measurements with 10 eV laser excitation. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.474756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chen ECM, Dojahn JG, Wentworth WE. Characterization of Homonuclear Diatomic Ions by Semiempirical Morse Potential Energy Curves. 2. The Rare Gas Positive Ions. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9638954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. C. M. Chen
- University of HoustonClear Lake, Houston, Texas 77058
| | - J. G. Dojahn
- University of HoustonClear Lake, Houston, Texas 77058
| | - W. E. Wentworth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77024-5641
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Subtil J, Jonin C, Laporte P, Reininger R, Spiegelmann F, Gürtler P. Exciplex vacuum ultraviolet emission spectra of KrAr: Temperature dependence and potentials. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Hu XK, Mao DM, Dimov SS, Lipson RH. Dominant ion-core assignments for the Rydberg states of Xe2 dissociating to Xe+Xe*(6p,5d) by dispersive photoelectron spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 54:2814-2823. [PMID: 9913795 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.54.2814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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18
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Duplàa P, Spiegelmann F. A pseudopotential hole‐particle treatment of neutral rare gas excimer systems. II. The Rydberg states of the Ar*2 dimer. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Duplàa P, Spiegelmann F. A pseudopotential hole‐particle treatment of neutral rare gas excimer systems. I. Formalism. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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20
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Dojahn JG, Chen ECM, Wentworth WE. Characterization of Homonuclear Diatomic Ions by Semiempirical Morse Potential Energy Curves. 1. The Halogen Anions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp953601z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. G. Dojahn
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Houston, Clear Lake, Houston, Texas 77058
| | - E. C. M. Chen
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Houston, Clear Lake, Houston, Texas 77058
| | - W. E. Wentworth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77024-5641
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Dimov SS, Hu XK, Mao DM, Cai JY, Lipson RH. Mass‐resolved two‐photon spectra of ArXe in the region of Xe*(6p). J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.470781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Lipson RH, Dimov SS, Hu XK, Mao DM, Cai JY. Mass‐resolved multiphoton ionization spectra of XeKr in the region of Xe* (6p,5d). J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.470412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Dimov S, Hu X, Mao D, Lipson R. Xe2 and Kr2 gerade state symmetries by polarization measurements. Chem Phys Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(95)00494-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Lipson RH, Dimov SS, Cai JY, Wang P, Bascal HA. Mass‐resolved two‐photon spectra of Kr2. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hemici M, Saoudi R, Descroix E, Audouard E, Laporte P, Spiegelmann F. Fine structure in krypton excimer. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 51:3351-3354. [PMID: 9911977 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.51.3351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Malrieu JP, Heully JL, Zaitsevskii A. Multiconfigurational second-order perturbative methods: Overview and comparison of basic properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01113846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Green DS, Wallace SC. Multiphoton studies of jet‐cooled Xe2 near the Xe*5d[5/2]03 state: Characterization of the ground and excited state potential curves. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kane DJ, Abele CC, Fraser RD, Shannon DC, Eden JG, Ginter ML. Rydberg states of the Kr2 molecule. J Chem Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1063/1.465709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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30
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Quasidegenerate perturbation theory calculation of excitation spectra. A convergence study on the CH+ molecule. Chem Phys Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(93)87214-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Nieminen J, Kauppi E, Lundell J, Kunttu H. Potential energy surface and vibrational analysis along the stretching vibrations of XeHXe+ion. J Chem Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1063/1.464477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Last I, George TF. Theoretical study of small Ar*nclusters in low‐lying electronic states. J Chem Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1063/1.464805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lisini A, Decleva P. Calculation of dynamical correlation effects by quasidegenerate perturbation theory. An application to photoionization spectra. Chem Phys 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(92)80103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Cachoncinlle C, Pouvesle JM, Durand G, Spiegelmann F. Theoretical study of the Rydberg excited electronic states of Ar+2. J Chem Phys 1992. [DOI: 10.1063/1.462651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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36
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Cachoncinlle C, Pouvesle JM, Durand G, Spiegelmann F. Theoretical study of the electronic structure of Ar++2. J Chem Phys 1992. [DOI: 10.1063/1.462650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Audouard E, Laporte P, Subtil JL, Reininger R. 1P1 level decay in high pressure krypton. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.460834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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