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Jin J, Zhang Q, Bornhauser P, Knopp G, Marquardt R, Radi PP. Rovibrational investigation of a new high-lying 0 u + state of Cu 2 by using two-color resonant four-wave-mixing spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:184305. [PMID: 35568551 DOI: 10.1063/5.0087743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly excited electronic state of dicopper is observed and characterized for the first time. The [39.6]0u +-X1Σg +(0g +) system is measured at rotational resolution by using degenerate and two-color resonant four-wave-mixing, as well as laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy. Double-resonance experiments are performed by labeling selected rotational levels of the ground state by tuning the probe laser wavelength to transitions in the well-known (1-0) band of the B0u +-X1Σg +(0g +) electronic system. Spectra obtained by scans of the pump laser in the UV wavelength range were then assigned unambiguously by the stringent double-resonance selection rules. The absence of a Q-band suggests a parallel transition (ΔΩ = 0) and determines the term symbol of the state as 0u + in Hund's case (c) notation. The equilibrium constants for 63Cu2 are Te = 39 559.921(92) cm-1, ωe = 277.70(14) cm-1, Be = 0.104 942(66) cm-1, and re = 2.2595(11) Å. These findings are supported by high-level ab initio calculations at the MRCI+Q level, which clearly identifies this state as resulting from a 4p ← 3d transition. In addition, three dark perturber states are found in the v = 1 and v = 2 vibrational levels of the new state. A deperturbation analysis characterizes the interaction and rationalizes the anomalous dips in the excitation spectrum of the [39.6]0u +-X1Σg +(0g +) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaye Jin
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Peter Bornhauser
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Knopp
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Marquardt
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal - CS90032, 67081 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Peter P Radi
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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Baraiya BA, Tanna H, Mankad V, Jha PK. Dressing of Cu Atom over Nickel Cluster Stimulating the Poisoning-Free CO Oxidation: An Ab Initio Study. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5256-5272. [PMID: 34115503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c02354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work using first-principles calculations based on spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT), the role of the Cu atom in degrading the poisoning of carbon monoxide (CO) over NinCu clusters is unveiled. The search has been initiated with the examination of structural, magnetic, and electronic properties of Nin+1 and NinCu clusters (1 ≤ n ≤ 12). X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra of Ni K-edge are computed to extract the information on the oxidation states and coordination environment of metal sites of the clusters. This study is operated with the two forms of dispersion corrections, i.e., D2 and D3, with standard DFT (with LDA and GGA functionals) for the consideration of van der Waals interactions during CO adsorption. The PBE and PBE-D3 approaches are found to be capable of yielding the experimentally observed preferential site for CO adsorption. The effect of spin-polarization on the reactivity of transition metals (TMs) toward CO adsorption is crucially assessed by the electronic reactivity descriptors such as d-band center, d-band width, and fractional filling of d-band using a spin-polarized d-band center model. The effective charge transfer from Cu to Ni atoms makes Ni atoms more efficient of charge and is attributed to the degrading adsorption of CO over NinCu clusters. The Ni12Cu cluster stands out with good CO oxidation activity for the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) reaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhumi A Baraiya
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Hemang Tanna
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Venu Mankad
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences, GITAM University, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 502329, Telangana, India
| | - Prafulla K Jha
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India
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Alizadeh Sanati D, Andrae D. Low-lying electronic terms of diatomic molecules AB ( A = Sc–Ni, B = Cu/Ag/Au). Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1772514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davood Alizadeh Sanati
- Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Andrae
- Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Experimental and density functional studies on the corrosion behavior of the copper-nickel-tin alloy. Chem Phys Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.04.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Peppernick SJ, Dasitha Gunaratne K, Castleman A. Towards comprehending the superatomic state of matter. Chem Phys Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gutsev GL, Mochena MD, Jena P, Bauschlicher CW, Partridge H. Periodic table of 3d-metal dimers and their ions. J Chem Phys 2006; 121:6785-97. [PMID: 15473736 DOI: 10.1063/1.1788656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ground states of the mixed 3d-metal dimers TiV, TiCr, TiMn, TiFe, TiCo, TiNi, TiCu, TiZn, VCr, VMn, VFe, VCo, VNi, VCu, VZn, CrMn, CrFe, CrCo, CrNi, CrCu, CrZn, MnFe, MnCo, MnNi, MnCu, MnZn, FeCo, FeNi, FeCu, FeZn, CoNi, CoCu, CoZn, NiCu, NiZn, and CuZn along with their singly negatively and positively charged ions are assigned based on the results of computations using density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation for the exchange-correlation functional. Except for TiCo and CrMn, our assignment agrees with experiment. Computed spectroscopic constants (r(e),omega(e),D(o)) are in fair agreement with experiment. The ground-state spin multiplicities of all the ions are found to differ from the spin multiplicities of the corresponding neutral parents by +/-1. Except for TiV, MnFe, and MnCu, the number of unpaired electrons, N, in a neutral ground-state dimer is either N(1)+N(2) or mid R:N(1)-N(2)mid R:, where N(1) and N(2) are the numbers of unpaired 3d electrons in the 3d(n)4s(1) occupation of the constituent atoms. Combining the present and previous results obtained at the same level of theory for homonuclear 3d-metal and ScX (X=Ti-Zn) dimers allows one to construct "periodic" tables of all 3d-metal dimers along with their singly charged ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Gutsev
- Department of Physics, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, USA.
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Rothschopf GK, Morse MD. Monoligated Monovalent Ni: the 3dNi9 Manifold of States of NiCu and Comparison to the 3d9 States of AlNi, NiH, NiCl, and NiF. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:11358-64. [PMID: 16354022 DOI: 10.1021/jp053022m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A dispersed fluorescence investigation of the low-lying electronic states of NiCu has allowed the observation of four out of the five states that derive from the 3d(Ni)9 3d(Cu)10 sigma2 manifold. Vibrational levels of the ground X2delta(5/2) state corresponding to v = 0-11 are observed and are fit to provide omega(e) = 275.93 +/- 1.06 cm(-1) and omega(e)x(e) = 1.44 +/- 0.11 cm(-1). The v = 0 levels of the higher lying states deriving from the 3d(Ni)9 3d(Cu)10 sigma2 manifold are located at 912, 1466, and 1734 cm(-1), and these states are assigned to omega values of 3/2, 1/2, and 3/2, respectively. The last of these assignments is based on selection rules and is unequivocal; the first two are based on a comparison to ab initio and ligand field calculations and could conceivably be in error. It is also possible that the v = 0 level of the state found at 912 cm(-1) is not observed, so that T0 for the lowest excited state actually lies near 658 cm(-1). These results are modeled using a matrix Hamiltonian based on the existence of a ground manifold of states deriving from the 3d9 configuration on nickel. This matrix Hamiltonian is also applied to the spectroscopically well-known molecules AlNi, NiH, NiCl, and NiF. The term energies of the 2sigma+, 2pi, and 2delta states of these molecules, which all derive from a 3d9 configuration on the nickel atom, display a clear and understandable trend as a function of the electronegativity of the ligands.
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Fabbi JC, Karlsson L, Langenberg JD, Costello QD, Morse MD. Dispersed fluorescence spectroscopy of AlNi, NiAu, and PtCu. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1567712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Dixon‐Warren SJ, Gunion RF, Lineberger WC. Photoelectron spectroscopy of mixed metal cluster anions: NiCu−, NiAg−, NiAg−2, and Ni2Ag−. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.471123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Schamps J, Bencheikh M, Barthelat J, Field RW. The electronic structure of LaO: Ligand field versusabinitiocalculations. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.470219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Arrington CA, Brugh DJ, Morse MD, Doverstål M. Spectroscopy of jet‐cooled YCu. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Pinegar JC, Langenberg JD, Arrington CA, Spain EM, Morse MD. Ni2 revisited: Reassignment of the ground electronic state. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Behm JM, Morse MD. Spectroscopy of jet‐cooled AlMn and trends in the electronic structure of the 3d transition metal aluminides. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Pou‐Amérigo R, Merchán M, Nebot‐Gil I, Malmqvist P, Roos BO. The chemical bonds in CuH, Cu2, NiH, and Ni2 studied with multiconfigurational second order perturbation theory. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Dai D, Balasubramanian K. Pt3Au and PtAu clusters: Electronic states and potential energy surfaces. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.466322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Russon LM, Heidecke SA, Birke MK, Conceicao J, Armentrout P, Morse MD. The bond energy of Co+2. Chem Phys Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(93)90002-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Doverstål M, Lindgren B, Sassenberg U, Arrington CA, Morse MD. The 3Π0u ← X 3Δ1g band system of jet‐cooled Ti2. J Chem Phys 1992. [DOI: 10.1063/1.463534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Spain EM, Morse MD. Ligand‐field theory applied to diatomic transition metals. Results for thedA9dB9σ2states of Ni2, thedNi9dCu10σ2states of NiCu, and thedNi8(3F)dCu10σ2σ*1excited states of NiCu. J Chem Phys 1992. [DOI: 10.1063/1.463867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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