1
|
Leoni F, Calero C, Franzese G. Nanoconfined Fluids: Uniqueness of Water Compared to Other Liquids. ACS NANO 2021; 15:19864-19876. [PMID: 34807577 PMCID: PMC8717635 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanoconfinement can drastically change the behavior of liquids, puzzling us with counterintuitive properties. It is relevant in applications, including decontamination and crystallization control. However, it still lacks a systematic analysis for fluids with different bulk properties. Here we address this gap. We compare, by molecular dynamics simulations, three different liquids in a graphene slit pore: (1) A simple fluid, such as argon, described by a Lennard-Jones potential; (2) an anomalous fluid, such as a liquid metal, modeled with an isotropic core-softened potential; and (3) water, the prototypical anomalous liquid, with directional HBs. We study how the slit-pore width affects the structure, thermodynamics, and dynamics of the fluids. All the fluids show similar oscillating properties by changing the pore size. However, their free-energy minima are quite different in nature: (i) are energy-driven for the simple liquid; (ii) are entropy-driven for the isotropic core-softened potential; and (iii) have a changing nature for water. Indeed, for water, the monolayer minimum is entropy driven, at variance with the simple liquid, while the bilayer minimum is energy driven, at variance with the other anomalous liquid. Also, water has a large increase in diffusion for subnm slit pores, becoming faster than bulk. Instead, the other two fluids have diffusion oscillations much smaller than water, slowing down for decreasing slit-pore width. Our results, clarifying that water confined at the subnm scale behaves differently from other (simple or anomalous) fluids under similar confinement, are possibly relevant in nanopores applications, for example, in water purification from contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Leoni
- Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carles Calero
- Secció
de Física Estadística i Interdisciplinària-Departament
de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat
de Barcelona, Carrer Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giancarlo Franzese
- Secció
de Física Estadística i Interdisciplinària-Departament
de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat
de Barcelona, Carrer Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qu F, Shi R, Peng L, Zhang Y, Gu X, Wang X, Murad S. Understanding the effect of zeolite crystal expansion/contraction on separation performance of NaA zeolite membrane: A combined experimental and molecular simulation study. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
3
|
Devi R, Srivastava S, Tankeshwar K. The role of fluid-wall interactions on confined liquid diffusion using Mori theory. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:024506. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4926619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
4
|
|
5
|
LIN J, MURAD S. The role of external electric fields in membrane-based separation processes: a molecular dynamics study. Mol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970010018684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. LIN
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , 60607 , USA
| | - S. MURAD
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , 60607 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mitra RK, Verma PK, Pal SK. Exploration of the Dynamical Evolution and the Associated Energetics of Water Nanoclusters Formed in a Hydrophobic Solvent. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:4744-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8085705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Kumar Mitra
- Unit for Nano Science & Technology, Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Center for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700098, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Verma
- Unit for Nano Science & Technology, Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Center for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700098, India
| | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Unit for Nano Science & Technology, Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Center for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700098, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Davis I, Shachar-Hill B, Curry M, Kim K, Pedley T, Hill A. Osmosis in semi-permeable pores: an examination of the basic flow equations based on an experimental and molecular dynamics study. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2006.1803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Classically ‘semi-permeable’ pores are generally considered to mediate osmotic flow at a rate dependent upon the hydraulic conductance of the pore and the difference in water potential. The shape or size of the solute molecules is not considered to exert a first-order effect on the flow rate nor is the hydraulic conductance thought to be solute dependent. By the experimental measurement of osmosis in the biological pore AQP (aquaporin) and hard-sphere molecular dynamics simulation of a model pore, we show here that the solute radius can have a profound effect on the osmotic flow rate, causing it to decline steeply with decreasing solute radius.Using a simple non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory, we propose that an additional ‘osmotic flow coefficient’ is required to describe flows in semi-permeable structures such as AQPs, and that the fall in flow rate with radius represents a conversion from hydraulic to diffusive water flow due to increasing penetration of the pore by the solute. The interaction between the pore geometry and the solute size cannot, therefore, be overlooked, although for every solute the system obeys the criterion for semi-permeability required by basic thermodynamics. The osmotic pore theory therefore reveals a novel and potentially rich structure that remains to be explored in full.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I.S Davis
- Physiological Laboratory, University of CambridgeCambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - B Shachar-Hill
- Physiological Laboratory, University of CambridgeCambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - M.R Curry
- Biological Sciences, University of LincolnRiseholme LN2 2LG, UK
| | - K.S Kim
- Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - T.J Pedley
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of CambridgeCambridge CB3 0WA, UK
| | - A.E Hill
- Physiological Laboratory, University of CambridgeCambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang SM, Yu YX, Gao GH. Grand canonical Monte Carlo and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation study on the selective adsorption and fluxes of oxygen/nitrogen gas mixtures through carbon membranes. J Memb Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2005.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
9
|
Murad S. The role of magnetic fields on the membrane-based separation of aqueous electrolyte solutions. Chem Phys Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
10
|
Kim KS, Davis IS, Macpherson PA, Pedley TJ, Hill AE. Osmosis in small pores: a molecular dynamics study of the mechanism of solvent transport. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2004.1374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osmosis through semi–permeable pores is a complex process by which solvent is driven by its free energy gradient towards a solute–rich reservoir. We have studied osmotic flow across a semi–permeable cylindrical pore using hard–sphere molecular dynamics which simulates osmosis in the absence of attractive forces between solute and solvent. In addition, we recorded the rates of pressure–driven solvent flow and the diffusive flow of labelled solvent under concentration gradients. It is apparent that there are differences, which are radius dependent, between viscous and diffusive solvent permeabilities in small pores.The osmotic flow rate is decreased by allowing solute entry into part of the pore, an effect which is not due to solute obstruction. The flow rate is dependent on the structure of the pore, which for asymmetric pores leads, surprisingly, to flow asymmetry or osmotic rectification. In the absence of any possible viscous rectification at these very low flow rates the effect correlates with changes between diffusive and pressure flows created by the presence of solute, an effect which has been predicted from thermodynamic arguments. The geometry of a semi–permeable pore in relation to the solute size is therefore required to predict the osmotic flow rate, a departure from the classical picture.Finally, by extracting transport parameters from simulations with pure solvent, we examine the departure of observed flow rate from that predicted by continuum mechanics, obtaining drag coefficients which we compare with those derived from hydrodynamics alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. S. Kim
- Physiological Laboratory, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550-9234, USA
| | - I. S. Davis
- Physiological Laboratory, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - P. A. Macpherson
- Department of Applied Technology, Rogers State University, 1701 W. Will Rogers Boulevard, Claremore, OK 74017, USA
| | - T. J. Pedley
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
| | - A. E. Hill
- Physiological Laboratory, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Coasne B, Czwartos J, Gubbins * KE, Hung FR, Sliwinska-Bartkowiak M. Freezing and melting of binary mixtures confined in a nanopore. Mol Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970412331292678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
12
|
Murad S, Nitsche LC. The effect of thickness, pore size and structure of a nanomembrane on the flux and selectivity in reverse osmosis separations: a molecular dynamics study. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.08.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
13
|
Kamat M, Dang W, Keffer D. Agreement between Analytical Theory and Molecular Dynamics Simulation for Adsorption and Diffusion in Crystalline Nanoporous Materials. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp035745g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Kamat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, 1512 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2200
| | - Weijing Dang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, 1512 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2200
| | - David Keffer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, 1512 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2200
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
KAMAT MITHUN, KEFFER DAVID. An analytical theory for diffusion of fluids in crystalline nanoporous materials. Mol Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1080/0026897031000094452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
15
|
|
16
|
KAMAT MITHUNR, KEFFER D. A generalized analytical theory for adsorption of fluids in nanoporous materials. Mol Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970210133189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
17
|
ENCISO E, ALMARZA NG, MURAD S, GONZALEZ MA. A non-equilibrium molecular dynamics approach to fluid transfer through microporous membranes. Mol Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970210124819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
18
|
Murad S, Lin J. Using Thin Zeolite Membranes and External Electric Fields To Separate Supercritical Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ie010425+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
19
|
LIN J, MURAD S. A computer simulation study of the separation of aqueous solutions using thin zeolite membranes. Mol Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970110041236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
20
|
Oder K, Murad S. Molecular Simulations of Membrane Based Separations of Supercritical Electrolyte Solutions. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/08927020008044127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
21
|
Chou T. Kinetics and thermodynamics across single-file pores: Solute permeability and rectified osmosis. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.478118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
22
|
MURAD S, ODER K, LIN J. Molecular simulation of osmosis, reverse osmosis, and electro-osmosis in aqueous and methanolic electrolyte solutions. Mol Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979809483173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
23
|
Orientational correlations near interfaces. Computer simulations of water and electrolyte solutions in confined environments. J Mol Liq 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7322(98)00094-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
24
|
Powles J, Murad S. The simulation of semi-permeable membranes—osmosis, reverse osmosis and electro-osmosis in electrolyte solutions. J Mol Liq 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7322(98)00093-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
25
|
|
26
|
|
27
|
|
28
|
Mel’nichenko YB, Schüller J, Richert R, Ewen B, Loong C. Dynamics of hydrogen‐bonded liquids confined to mesopores: A dielectric and neutron spectroscopy study. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
29
|
|
30
|
Curry JE, Zhang F, Cushman JH, Schoen M, Diestler DJ. Transient coexisting nanophases in ultrathin films confined between corrugated walls. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
31
|
|
32
|
Murad S, Ravi P, Powles JG. Anisotropic thermal conductivity of a fluid in a system of microscopic slit pores. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1993; 48:4110-4112. [PMID: 9961073 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.48.4110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|