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Yuan H, Xu M, Yao J. SERS Studies on the Electrochemical and SPR Synergistic Catalytic Interfacial Reaction of 4-Chlorothiophenol. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/a21080405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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2
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Jones RR, Hooper DC, Zhang L, Wolverson D, Valev VK. Raman Techniques: Fundamentals and Frontiers. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:231. [PMID: 31300945 PMCID: PMC6626094 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Driven by applications in chemical sensing, biological imaging and material characterisation, Raman spectroscopies are attracting growing interest from a variety of scientific disciplines. The Raman effect originates from the inelastic scattering of light, and it can directly probe vibration/rotational-vibration states in molecules and materials. Despite numerous advantages over infrared spectroscopy, spontaneous Raman scattering is very weak, and consequently, a variety of enhanced Raman spectroscopic techniques have emerged. These techniques include stimulated Raman scattering and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, as well as surface- and tip-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopies. The present review provides the reader with an understanding of the fundamental physics that govern the Raman effect and its advantages, limitations and applications. The review also highlights the key experimental considerations for implementing the main experimental Raman spectroscopic techniques. The relevant data analysis methods and some of the most recent advances related to the Raman effect are finally presented. This review constitutes a practical introduction to the science of Raman spectroscopy; it also highlights recent and promising directions of future research developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin R. Jones
- Turbomachinery Research Centre, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
| | - David C. Hooper
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
| | - Liwu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Daniel Wolverson
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
| | - Ventsislav K. Valev
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
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Weiler M, Menzel C, Pertsch T, Alaee R, Rockstuhl C, Pacholski C. Bottom-Up Fabrication of Hybrid Plasmonic Sensors: Gold-Capped Hydrogel Microspheres Embedded in Periodic Metal Hole Arrays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:26392-26399. [PMID: 27668665 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The high potential of bottom-up fabrication strategies for realizing sophisticated optical sensors combining the high sensitivity of a surface plasmon resonance with the exceptional properties of stimuli-responsive hydrogel is demonstrated. The sensor is composed of a periodic hole array in a gold film whose holes are filled with gold-capped poly(N-isoproyl-acrylamide) (polyNIPAM) microspheres. The production of this sensor relies on a pure chemical approach enabling simple, time-efficient, and cost-efficient preparation of sensor platforms covering areas of cm2. The transmission spectrum of this plasmonic sensor shows a strong interaction between propagating surface plasmon polaritons at the metal film surface and localized surface plasmon resonance of the gold cap on top of the polyNIPAM microspheres. Computer simulations support this experimental observation. These interactions lead to distinct changes in the transmission spectrum, which allow for the simultaneous, sensitive optical detection of refractive index changes in the surrounding medium and the swelling state of the embedded polyNIPAM microsphere under the gold cap. The volume of the polyNIPAM microsphere located underneath the gold cap can be changed by certain stimuli such as temperature, pH, ionic strength, and distinct molecules bound to the hydrogel matrix facilitating the detection of analytes which do not change the refractive index of the surrounding medium significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Weiler
- Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christoph Menzel
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena , Albert Einstein Straße 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Pertsch
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena , Albert Einstein Straße 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Rasoul Alaee
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Wolfgang- Gaede-Str. 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Carsten Rockstuhl
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Wolfgang- Gaede-Str. 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claudia Pacholski
- Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam , Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476 Potsdam OT Golm, Germany
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Peterson AW, Halter M, Tona A, Plant AL. High resolution surface plasmon resonance imaging for single cells. BMC Cell Biol 2014; 15:35. [PMID: 25441447 PMCID: PMC4289309 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-15-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRI) is a label-free technique that can image refractive index changes at an interface. We have previously used SPRI to study the dynamics of cell-substratum interactions. However, characterization of spatial resolution in 3 dimensions is necessary to quantitatively interpret SPR images. Spatial resolution is complicated by the asymmetric propagation length of surface plasmons in the x and y dimensions leading to image degradation in one direction. Inferring the distance of intracellular organelles and other subcellular features from the interface by SPRI is complicated by uncertainties regarding the detection of the evanescent wave decay into cells. This study provides an experimental basis for characterizing the resolution of an SPR imaging system in the lateral and distal dimensions and demonstrates a novel approach for resolving sub-micrometer cellular structures by SPRI. The SPRI resolution here is distinct in its ability to visualize subcellular structures that are in proximity to a surface, which is comparable with that of total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy but has the advantage of no fluorescent labels. Results An SPR imaging system was designed that uses a high numerical aperture objective lens to image cells and a digital light projector to pattern the angle of the incident excitation on the sample. Cellular components such as focal adhesions, nucleus, and cellular secretions are visualized. The point spread function of polymeric nanoparticle beads indicates near-diffraction limited spatial resolution. To characterize the z-axis response, we used micrometer scale polymeric beads with a refractive index similar to cells as reference materials to determine the detection limit of the SPR field as a function of distance from the substrate. Multi-wavelength measurements of these microspheres show that it is possible to tailor the effective depth of penetration of the evanescent wave into the cellular environment. Conclusion We describe how the use of patterned incident light provides SPRI at high spatial resolution, and we characterize a finite limit of detection for penetration depth. We demonstrate the application of a novel technique that allows unprecedented subcellular detail for SPRI, and enables a quantitative interpretation of SPRI for subcellular imaging. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2121-15-35) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W Peterson
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8313, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
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5
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Jones MR, Osberg KD, Macfarlane RJ, Langille MR, Mirkin CA. Templated Techniques for the Synthesis and Assembly of Plasmonic Nanostructures. Chem Rev 2011; 111:3736-827. [DOI: 10.1021/cr1004452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 996] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Jones
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Kyle D. Osberg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Robert J. Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Mark R. Langille
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Chad A. Mirkin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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Lauterbach R, Liu J, Knoll W, Paulsen H. Energy transfer between surface-immobilized light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b complex (LHCII) studied by surface plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:17315-21. [PMID: 20964348 DOI: 10.1021/la102525b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The major light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b complex (LHCII) of the photosynthetic apparatus in green plants can be viewed as a protein scaffold binding and positioning a large number of pigment molecules that combines rapid and efficient excitation energy transfer with effective protection of its pigments from photobleaching. These properties make LHCII potentially interesting as a light harvester (or a model thereof) in photoelectronic applications. Most of such applications would require the LHCII to be immobilized on a solid surface. In a previous study we showed the immobilization of recombinant LHCII on functionalized gold surfaces via a 6-histidine tag (His tag) in the protein moiety. In this work the occurrence and efficiency of Förster energy transfer between immobilized LHCII on a functionalized surface have been analyzed by surface plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS). A near-infrared dye was attached to some but not all of the LHC complexes, serving as an energy acceptor to chlorophylls. Analysis of the energy transfer from chlorophylls to this acceptor dye yielded information about the extent of intercomplex energy transfer between immobilized LHCII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Lauterbach
- Institut für Allgemeine Botanik der Johannes-Gutenberg Universität, Müllerweg 6, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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Akiyama T, Aiba K, Hoashi K, Wang M, Sugawa K, Yamada S. Enormous enhancement in photocurrent generation using electrochemically fabricated gold nanostructures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009; 46:306-8. [PMID: 20024360 DOI: 10.1039/b913284h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A self-assembled monolayer of porphyrins fabricated on the surface of an electrochemically deposited gold nanostructure exhibits enormous enhancement of photocurrent due to porphyrin excitation, especially in the near-infrared region, where localized surface plasmon resonance was responsible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Akiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-395, Japan.
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8
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Schmelzeisen M, Austermann J, Kreiter M. Plasmon mediated confocal dark-field microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2008; 16:17826-17841. [PMID: 18958064 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.017826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An efficient mode for scanning confocal dark-field microscopy through a thin gold film is established that takes advantage of the intermediate excitation of surface plasmons both in the excitation and in the emission process. This concept is verified by experimental investigation of the effective point-spread function, the intensity distribution of the scattered radiation and by comparison with a classical dark-field geometry. The wavelength-dependence of both the signal strength and the point-spread function are discussed.
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Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectroscopy of metallic nanoparticles is a powerful technique for chemical and biological sensing experiments. Moreover, the LSPR is responsible for the electromagnetic-field enhancement that leads to surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and other surface-enhanced spectroscopic processes. This review describes recent fundamental spectroscopic studies that reveal key relationships governing the LSPR spectral location and its sensitivity to the local environment, including nanoparticle shape and size. We also describe studies on the distance dependence of the enhanced electromagnetic field and the relationship between the plasmon resonance and the Raman excitation energy. Lastly, we introduce a new form of LSPR spectroscopy, involving the coupling between nanoparticle plasmon resonances and adsorbate molecular resonances. The results from these fundamental studies guide the design of new sensing experiments, illustrated through applications in which researchers use both LSPR wavelength-shift sensing and SERS to detect molecules of chemical and biological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Willets
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA.
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10
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Chapter 3 Surface Plasmon Optics for the Characterization of Biofunctional Architectures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1573-4285(06)14003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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11
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Stoermer RL, Keating CD. Distance-dependent emission from dye-labeled oligonucleotides on striped Au/Ag nanowires: effect of secondary structure and hybridization efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:13243-54. [PMID: 17017805 PMCID: PMC2837913 DOI: 10.1021/ja0637200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
When fluorescently tagged oligonucleotides are located near metal surfaces, their emission intensity is impacted by both electromagnetic effects (i.e., quenching and/or enhancement of emission) and the structure of the nucleic acids (e.g., random coil, hairpin, or duplex). We present experiments exploring the effect of label position and secondary structure in oligonucleotide probes as a function of hybridization buffer, which impacts the percentage of double-stranded probes on the surface after exposure to complementary DNA. Nanowires containing identifiable patterns of Au and Ag segments were used as the metal substrates in this work, which enabled us to directly compare different dye positions in a single multiplexed experiment and differences in emission for probes attached to the two metals. The observed metal-dye separation dependence for unstructured surface-bound oligonucleotides is highly sensitive to hybridization efficiency, due to substantial changes in DNA extension from the surface upon hybridization. In contrast, fluorophore labeled oligonucleotides designed to form hairpin secondary structures analogous to solution-phase molecular beacon probes are relatively insensitive to hybridization efficiency, since the folded form is quenched and therefore does not appreciably impact the observed distance-dependence of the response. Differences in fluorescence patterning on Au and Ag were noted as a function of not only chromophore identity but also metal-dye separation. For example, emission intensity for TAMRA-labeled oligonucleotides changed from brighter on Ag for 24-base probes to brighter on Au for 48-base probes. We also observed fluorescence enhancement at the ends of nanowires and at surface defects where heightened electromagnetic fields affect the fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L. Stoermer
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Christine D. Keating
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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12
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He RY, Chang GL, Wu HL, Lin CH, Chiu KC, Su YD, Chen SJ. Enhanced live cell membrane imaging using surface plasmon-enhanced total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2006; 14:9307-9316. [PMID: 19529314 DOI: 10.1364/oe.14.009307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2006] [Accepted: 09/13/2006] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Using a total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) technique to image live cells on a biosurface not only provides an enhanced understanding of cellular functions, but also improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the images. However, the intensity of the fluorescence signal must be increased if a more dynamic biomolecular imaging capability is required. Accordingly, this study presents a surface plasmon-enhanced TIRFM technique in which the fluorescence signals are enhanced via surface plasmons offered by a silver nanolayer. The developed microscopy technique is successfully applied to the real-time observation of the thrombomodulin proteins of live cell membranes. The experimental results and the simulation results demonstrate that the live cell membrane images obtained in the proposed surface plasmon-enhanced TIRFM technique are brighter by approximately one order of magnitude than those provided by conventional TIRFM.
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13
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Lal S, Grady NK, Goodrich GP, Halas NJ. Profiling the near field of a plasmonic nanoparticle with Raman-based molecular rulers. NANO LETTERS 2006; 6:2338-43. [PMID: 17034107 DOI: 10.1021/nl061892p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The enhanced local optical fields at the surface of illuminated metallic nanoparticles and nanostructures are of intense fundamental and technological interest. Here we report a self-consistent measurement of the spatial extent of the fringing field above a plasmonic nanoparticle surface. Bifunctional DNA-based adsorbate molecules are used as nanoscale optical rulers, providing two distinct surface enhanced Raman scattering signals that vary independently in intensity as a function of distance from the nanoparticle surface. While the measurement technique is calibrated on gold nanoshell surfaces with controlled and predictable electromagnetic nanoenvironments, this approach is broadly adaptable to a wide range of plasmonic geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Lal
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA
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14
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Vasilev K, Knoll W, Kreiter M. Fluorescence intensities of chromophores in front of a thin metal film. J Chem Phys 2006; 120:3439-45. [PMID: 15268501 DOI: 10.1063/1.1640341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fluorescence intensity from a planar multilayered system with a chromophore separated from a gold film by a dielectric spacer is measured quantitatively. The direction of excitation and the spacer thickness are varied and the angular distribution of the emission is recorded as well as its polarization. The experimental data are compared to the predictions obtained from classical electromagnetic theory, taking into account the refractive indices of the layer system as well as the nonradiative decay rate and the relative orientation of absorption and emission dipole moments of the dye. Excellent agreement is found for a spacer thickness above 15 nm if proper values for these parameters are used. Samples with thinner spacer layers show significant deviations from classical theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krasimir Vasilev
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Akiyama T, Nakada M, Terasaki N, Yamada S. Photocurrent enhancement in a porphyrin-gold nanoparticle nanostructure assisted by localized plasmon excitation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:395-7. [PMID: 16493810 DOI: 10.1039/b511487j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The nanostructured assembly of porphyrin and gold nano-particles exhibits distinct enhancement of photocurrents from porphyrin in the longer wavelength region, where the localized plasmon resonance was responsible
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Akiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Nicewarner-Peña SR, Carado AJ, Shale KE, Keating CD. Barcoded Metal Nanowires: Optical Reflectivity and Patterned Fluorescence. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp034139i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony J. Carado
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Kristen E. Shale
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Christine D. Keating
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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17
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Brockman JM, Nelson BP, Corn RM. Surface plasmon resonance imaging measurements of ultrathin organic films. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2001; 51:41-63. [PMID: 11031275 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.51.1.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The surface-sensitive optical technique of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging is used to characterize ultrathin organic and biopolymer films at metal interfaces in a spatially resolved manner. Because of its high surface sensitivity and its ability to measure in real time the interaction of unlabeled biological molecules with arrays of surface-bound species, SPR imaging has the potential to become a powerful tool in biomolecular investigations. Recently, SPR imaging has been successfully implemented in the characterization of supported lipid bilayer films, the monitoring of antibody-antigen interactions at surfaces, and the study of DNA hybridization adsorption. The following is included in this review: (a) an introduction to the principles of surface plasmon resonance, (b) the details of SPR imaging instrumental design, (c) a short discussion concerning resolution, sensitivity, and quantitation in SPR imaging, (d) the details of DNA array fabrication on chemically modified gold surfaces, and (e) two examples that demonstrate the application of the SPR imaging technique to the study of protein-DNA interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Brockman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396, USA.
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18
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Liebermann T, Knoll W. Surface-plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(99)00550-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Lyon LA, Peña DJ, Natan MJ. Surface Plasmon Resonance of Au Colloid-Modified Au Films: Particle Size Dependence. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp984739v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Ott AK, Rechtsteiner GA, Felix C, Hampe O, Jarrold MF, Van Duyne RP, Raghavachari K. Raman spectra and calculated vibrational frequencies of size-selected C16, C18, and C20 clusters. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.477632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
This contribution summarizes the use of plasmon surface polaritons and guided optical waves for the characterization of interfaces and thin organic films. After a short introduction to the theoretical background of evanescent wave optics, examples are given that show how this interfacial "light" can be employed to monitor thin coatings at a solid/air or solid/liquid interface. Examples are given for a very sensitive thickness determination of samples ranging from self-assembled monolayers, to multilayer assemblies prepared by the Langmuir/Blodgett/Kuhn technique or by the alternate polyelectrolyte deposition. These are complemented by the demonstration of the potential of the technique to also monitor time-dependent processes in a kinetic mode. Here, we put an emphasis on the combination set-up of surface plasmon optics with electrochemical techniques, allowing for the on-line characterization of various surface functionalization strategies, e.g. for (bio-) sensor purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Knoll
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128 Germany.
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Abstract
▪ Abstract This review focuses on the characterization of interfaces, specifically on the optical methods of characterization that utilize some form of spatial localization to circumvent the special problems accruing to interfaces. Experiments utilizing radiation in only the infrared through the ultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum are considered. We specifically exclude the vast and important array of experimental techniques that utilize the vacuum ultraviolet and X-ray spectral regions. In addition, the interfaces considered are those composed of solids with liquids, thin films, and other solids, thus largely ignoring the literature of ultrahigh vacuum surface science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W. Bohn
- Department of Chemistry, Materials Research Laboratory and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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Kani R, Nakano Y, Majima Y, Hayase S. Energy Transfer and Electron Transfer Distances in Heteropolysilane Langmuir−Blodgett Films. Macromolecules 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ma951422+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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