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Thawoos S, Hall GE, Suas-David N, Suits AG. Contrast and Complexity in the Low-Temperature Kinetics of CN( v = 1) with O 2 and NO: Simultaneous Kinetics and Ringdown in a Uniform Supersonic Flow. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:5906-5924. [PMID: 38990162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c02737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Bimolecular rate coefficients were determined for the reaction CN(v = 1) + NO and O2 using continuous wave cavity ringdown spectroscopy in a uniform supersonic flow (UF-CRDS). The well-matched time scales for ringdown and reaction under pseudo-first-order conditions allow for the use of the SKaR method (simultaneous kinetics and ringdown) in which the full kinetic trace is obtained on each ringdown. The reactions offer an interesting contrast in that the CN(v = 1) + NO system is nonreactive and proceeds by complex-mediated vibrational relaxation, while the CN(v = 1) + O2 reaction is primarily reactive. The measured rate coefficients at 70 K are (2.49 ± 0.08) × 10-11 and (10.49 ± 0.22) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for the reaction with O2 and NO, respectively. The rate for reaction with O2 is a factor 2 lower than previously reported for v = 0 in the same temperature range, a surprising result, while that for NO is consistent with extrapolation of previous high-temperature measurements to 70 K. The latter is also discussed in light of theoretical calculations and measurements of the rate constants for the association reaction in the high-pressure limit. The measurements are complicated by the presence of a metastable population of high-J CN formed by photolysis of the precursor BrCN, and a kinetic model is developed to treat the competing relaxation and reaction. It is particularly problematic for reactions at low temperatures where the rotational relaxation and reaction have similar rates, precluding a reliable determination of the rate coefficients at 30 K. Also presented are important modifications to the data acquisition and control for the instrument that have yielded considerably enhanced stability and throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shameemah Thawoos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Gregory E Hall
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Nicolas Suas-David
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Rennes─UMR 6251, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Arthur G Suits
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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2
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Li Y, Guan J, Wang H, Zhu L, Ye L, Wang Z. Predictive Combustion Kinetics of OH Radical Reactions with a C5 Unsaturated Alcohol: The Competitive H-Abstraction and OH-Addition Reactions of 2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:10451-10462. [PMID: 34813343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c07623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol (MBO232) is a potential biofuel and renewable fuel additive. In a combustion environment, the consumption of MBO232 is mainly through the reaction with a OH radical, one of the most important oxidants. Here, we predict the intricate reactions of MBO232 and OH radicals under a broad range of combustion conditions, that is, 230-2500 K and 0.01-1000 atm. The potential energy surfaces of H-abstraction and OH-addition have been investigated at the CCSD(T)/CBS//M06-2X/def2-TZVP level, and the rate constants were calculated via Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus/master equation (RRKM/ME) theory. The decomposition reactions of the critical intermediates from the OH-addition reactions have also been studied. Our results show that OH-addition reactions are dominant below 850 K, while H-abstraction reactions, especially the channel-abstracting H atoms from the methyl groups, are more competitive at higher temperatures. We found that it is necessary to discriminate H atoms attached to the same C atom, as their abstraction rates can differ by up to 1 order of magnitude. The calculated results show good agreement with the reported experimental data. We have provided the modified Arrhenius expressions for rate constants of the dominant channels. The kinetic data determined in this work are of much value for constructing the combustion models of MBO232 and understanding the combustion kinetics and mechanism of other unsaturated alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Jiwen Guan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Long Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Lili Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, P. R. China
| | - Zhandong Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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3
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Sato S. Empirical rate equation for association reactions and ion–molecule reactions. Chem Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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5
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Feng W, Hershberger JF. Kinetics of the O + ICN Reaction. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:4817-22. [DOI: 10.1021/jp302555p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department 2735, P.O. Box 6050, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
| | - John F. Hershberger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department 2735, P.O. Box 6050, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
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7
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Feng W, Hershberger JF. Reinvestigation of the Branching Ratio of the CN + O2 Reaction. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:3523-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp811364k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - John F. Hershberger
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
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8
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Smith IWM. The temperature-dependence of elementary reaction rates: beyond Arrhenius. Chem Soc Rev 2008; 37:812-26. [DOI: 10.1039/b704257b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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The Interface Between Electronic Structure Theory and Reaction Dynamics by Reaction Path Methods. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470141526.ch7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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10
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Abstract
The implementation of variational transition state theory (VTST) for long-range asymptotic potential forms is considered, with particular emphasis on the energy and total angular momentum resolved (microJ-VTST) implementation. A long-range transition state approximation yields a remarkably simple and universal description of the kinetics of reactions governed by long-range interactions. The resulting (microJ-VTST) implementation is shown to yield capture-rate coefficients that compare favorably with those from trajectory simulations (deviating by less than 10%) for a wide variety of neutral and ionic long-range potential forms. Simple analytic results are derived for many of these cases. A brief comparison with a variety of low-temperature experimental studies illustrates the power of this approach as an analysis tool. The present VTST approach allows for a simple analysis of the applicability conditions for some related theoretical approaches. It also provides an estimate of the temperature or energy at which the "long-range transition state" moves to such short separations that short-range effects, such as chemical bonding, steric repulsion, and electronic state selectivity, must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Georgievskii
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551-0969, USA.
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11
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Smith IWM. Reactions at Very Low Temperatures: Gas Kinetics at a New Frontier. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:2842-61. [PMID: 16628767 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200502747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Advances in experimental techniques, especially the development of the CRESU (Cinétique de Réaction en Ecoulement Supersonique Uniforme) method, allow many gas-phase molecular processes to be studied at very low temperatures. This Review focuses on the reactions of molecular and atomic radicals with neutral molecules. Rate constants for almost 50 such reactions have been measured at temperatures as low as 13 K by using the CRESU method. The surprising demonstration that so many reactions between electrically neutral species can be extremely rapid at these very low temperatures has excited interest both from theoreticians and from those seeking to understand the chemistry that gives rise to the 135 or so molecules that are present in low-temperature molecular clouds in the interstellar medium. Theoretical treatments of these reactions are based on the idea that a reaction occurs when the long-range potential between the reagent species brings them into close contact. The astrochemical context, theoretical studies, and the determination of the rate constants of these low-temperature reactions are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian W M Smith
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
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12
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Smith IWM. Reaktionen bei sehr tiefen Temperaturen: Gaskinetik in einem neuen Bereich. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200502747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Witinski MF, Ortiz-Suárez M, Davis HF. Reaction dynamics of CN+O2→NCO+O(P23). J Chem Phys 2006; 124:94307. [PMID: 16526857 DOI: 10.1063/1.2173261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have used oxygen Rydberg time-of-flight spectroscopy to carry out a crossed molecular beam study of the CN + O2 reaction at collision energies of 3.1 and 4.1 kcal/mol. The O(3P2) products were tagged by excitation to high-n Rydberg levels and subsequently field ionized at a detector. The translational energy distributions were broad, indicating that the NCO is formed with a wide range of internal excitation, and the angular distribution was forward-backward symmetric, indicating the participation of NCOO intermediates with lifetimes comparable to or longer than their rotational periods. Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus modeling of the dissociation of NCOO to NCO + O suggests that Do(NC-OO) > or = 38 kcal/mol, which is consistent with several theoretical calculations. Implications for the competing CO + NO channel are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F Witinski
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, USA
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14
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Decker BK, Macdonald RG. Determination of the Rate Constant for the Radical−Radical Reaction CN(X2Σ+) + OH(X2Π) at 292 K. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp030591q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian K. Decker
- Argonne National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831
| | - R. Glen Macdonald
- Argonne National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831
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15
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RRKM Theory and Its Implementation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0069-8040(03)80004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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16
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Gao YQ, Marcus RA. On the theory of the strange and unconventional isotopic effects in ozone formation. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1415448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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17
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Hathorn BC, Marcus RA. An intramolecular theory of the mass-independent isotope effect for ozone. II. Numerical implementation at low pressures using a loose transition state. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1321045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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18
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Faure A, Wiesenfeld L, Valiron P. Temperature dependence of fast neutral–neutral reactions: a triatomic model study. Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(99)00369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Hathorn BC, Marcus RA. An intramolecular theory of the mass-independent isotope effect for ozone. I. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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20
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Hessler JP. New empirical rate expression for reactions without a barrier: Analysis of the reaction of CN with O2. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.479183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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21
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Rim KT, Hershberger JF. Temperature Dependence of the Product Branching Ratio of the CN + O2 Reaction. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp990373q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Taeg Rim
- Department of Chemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - John F. Hershberger
- Department of Chemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
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22
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon F. Phillips
- Chemistry Department, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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24
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Ion-molecule chemistry in interstellar clouds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1071-9687(98)80003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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25
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Herbst E, Woon DE. The rate of the reaction between C2H and C2H2 at interstellar temperatures. THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 1997; 489:109-112. [PMID: 11541459 DOI: 10.1086/304786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The reaction between the radical C2H and the stable hydrocarbon C2H2 is one of the simplest neutral-neutral hydrocarbon reactions in chemical models of dense interstellar clouds and carbon-rich circumstellar shells. Although known to be rapid at temperatures > or = 300 K, the reaction has yet to be studied at lower temperatures. We present here ab initio calculations of the potential surface for this reaction and dynamical calculations to determine its rate at low temperature. Despite a small potential barrier in the exit channel, the calculated rate is large, showing that this reaction and, most probably, more complex analogs contribute to the formation of complex organic molecules in low-temperature sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Herbst
- Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1106, USA.
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26
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de Sainte Claire P, Peslherbe GH, Wang H, Hase WL. Linear Free Energy of Activation Relationship for Barrierless Association Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja961239b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal de Sainte Claire
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202-3489
| | - Gilles H. Peslherbe
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202-3489
| | - Haobin Wang
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202-3489
| | - William L. Hase
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202-3489
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27
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Woon DE, Herbst E. The rate of the reaction between CN and C2H2 at interstellar temperatures. THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 1997; 477:204-208. [PMID: 11541461 DOI: 10.1086/303707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The rate coefficient for the important interstellar reaction between CN and C2H2 has been calculated as a function of temperature between 10 and 300 K. The potential surface for this reaction has been determined through ab initio quantum chemical techniques; the potential exhibits no barrier in the entrance channel but does show a small exit channel barrier, which lies below the energy of reactants. Phase-space calculations for the reaction dynamics, which take the exit channel barrier into account, show the same unusual temperature dependence as determined by experiment, in which the rate coefficient at first increases as the temperature is reduced below room temperature and then starts to decrease as the temperature drops below 50-100 K. The agreement between theory and experiment provides strong confirmation that the reaction occurs appreciably at cool interstellar temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Woon
- Molecular Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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28
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Truhlar DG, Garrett BC, Klippenstein SJ. Current Status of Transition-State Theory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp953748q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1585] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
| | - Bruce C. Garrett
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MS K1-96, Richland, Washington 99352
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29
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Bocherel P, Herbert LB, Rowe BR, Sims IR, Smith IWM, Travers D. Ultralow-Temperature Kinetics of CH(X2Π) Reactions: Rate Coefficients for Reactions with O2 and NO (T = 13−708 K), and with NH3 (T = 23−295 K). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp952628f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Bocherel
- Département de Physique Atomique et Moléculaire, U. R. A. 1203 du C. N. R. S., Campus de Beaulieu, Université de Rennes I, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Lee B. Herbert
- Département de Physique Atomique et Moléculaire, U. R. A. 1203 du C. N. R. S., Campus de Beaulieu, Université de Rennes I, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Bertrand R. Rowe
- Département de Physique Atomique et Moléculaire, U. R. A. 1203 du C. N. R. S., Campus de Beaulieu, Université de Rennes I, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Ian R. Sims
- Département de Physique Atomique et Moléculaire, U. R. A. 1203 du C. N. R. S., Campus de Beaulieu, Université de Rennes I, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Ian W. M. Smith
- Département de Physique Atomique et Moléculaire, U. R. A. 1203 du C. N. R. S., Campus de Beaulieu, Université de Rennes I, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Daniel Travers
- Département de Physique Atomique et Moléculaire, U. R. A. 1203 du C. N. R. S., Campus de Beaulieu, Université de Rennes I, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
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Smith IW. Neutral/neutral reactions without barriers: comparisons with ion/molecule systems and their possible role in the chemistry of interstellar clouds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(95)04252-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Wright SA, Dagdigian PJ. Investigation of the effect of reagent CN rotational excitation on the dynamics of the CN+O2reaction. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.470425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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33
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Cobos CJ. Theoretical analysis of the rate constants for the interstellar reaction N+OH?NO+H. INT J CHEM KINET 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.550270303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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34
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Klippenstein SJ. Trajectory simulations for unimolecular dissociations with application to the dissociation of NCNO. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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35
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Sims IR, Queffelec J, Defrance A, Rebrion‐Rowe C, Travers D, Bocherel P, Rowe BR, Smith IWM. Ultralow temperature kinetics of neutral–neutral reactions. The technique and results for the reactions CN+O2down to 13 K and CN+NH3down to 25 K. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Smith IWM, Stewart DWA. Low-temperature kinetics of reactions between neutral free radicals. Rate constants for the reactions of OH radicals with N atoms (103 ⩽T/K ⩽ 294) and with O atoms (158 ⩽T/K ⩽ 294). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1039/ft9949003221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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37
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Sims IR, Smith IWM, Bocherel P, Defrance A, Travers D, Rowe BR. Ultra-low temperature kinetics of neutral–neutral reactions: rate constants for the reactions of OH radicals with butenes between 295 and 23 K. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1039/ft9949001473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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