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Aguilera-Del-Toro RH, Aguilera-Granja F, Torres MB, Vega A. Relation between structural patterns and magnetism in small iron oxide clusters: reentrance of the magnetic moment at high oxidation ratios. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:246-272. [PMID: 33325468 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03795h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to quantum confinement effects, the understanding of iron oxide nanoparticles is a challenge that opens the possibility of designing nanomaterials with new capacities. In this work, we report a theoretical density functional theory study of the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of neutral and charged iron oxide clusters FenOm0/± (n = 1-6), with m values until oxygen saturation is achieved. We determine the putative ground state configuration and low-energy structural and spin isomers. Based on the total energy differences between the obtained global minimum structure of the parent clusters and their possible fragments, we explore the fragmentation channels for cationic oxides, comparing with experiments. Our results provide fundamental insight on how the structural pattern develops upon oxidation and its connection with the magnetic couplings and net total moment. Upon addition of oxygen, electronic charge transfer from iron to oxygen is found which weakens the iron-iron bond and consequently the direct exchange coupling in Fe. The binding energy increases as the oxygen ratio increases, rising faster at low oxidation rates. When molecular oxygen adsorption starts to take place, the binding energy increases more slowly. The oxygen environment is a crucial factor related to the stabilities and to the magnetic character of iron oxides. We identified certain iron oxide clusters of special relevance in the context of magnetism due to their high stability, expected abundance and parallel magnetic couplings that cause large total magnetic moments even at high oxidation ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Aguilera-Del-Toro
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Mahtout S, Amatousse N, Rabilloud F. Structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Pn+1 and FePn (n = 1–14) clusters. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tazibt S, Chikhaoui A, Bouarab S, Vega A. Structural, Electronic, and Magnetic Properties of Iron Disulfide FenS20/± (n = 1–6) Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:3768-3780. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Tazibt
- Faculté
du Génie Electrique et d’Informatique, Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou, B.P. 17 RP, 15000 Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
| | - A. Chikhaoui
- Laboratoire
de Physique et Chimie Quantique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou, B.P. 17 RP, 15000 Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
| | - S. Bouarab
- Laboratoire
de Physique et Chimie Quantique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou, B.P. 17 RP, 15000 Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
| | - A. Vega
- Departamento
de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Kalemos A. Fe2: As simple as a Herculean labour. Neutral (Fe2), cationic (Fe2+), and anionic (Fe2−) species. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:244304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4922793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Błoński P, Hafner J. Magnetic anisotropy of heteronuclear dimers in the gas phase and supported on graphene: relativistic density-functional calculations. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:146002. [PMID: 24651700 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/14/146002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The structural and magnetic properties of mixed PtCo, PtFe, and IrCo dimers in the gas phase and supported on a free-standing graphene layer have been calculated using density-functional theory, both in the scalar-relativistic limit and self-consistently including spin-orbit coupling. The influence of the strong magnetic moments of the 3d atoms on the spin and orbital moments of the 5d atoms, and the influence of the strong spin-orbit coupling contributed by the 5d atom on the orbital moments of the 3d atoms have been studied in detail. The magnetic anisotropy energy is found to depend very sensitively on the nature of the eigenstates in the vicinity of the Fermi level, as determined by band filling, exchange splitting and spin-orbit coupling. The large magnetic anisotropy energy of free PtCo and IrCo dimers relative to the easy direction parallel to the dimer axis is coupled to a strong anisotropy of the orbital magnetic moments of the Co atom for both dimers, and also on the Ir atom in IrCo. In contrast the PtFe dimer shows a weak perpendicular anisotropy and only small spin and orbital anisotropies of opposite sign on the two atoms. For dimers supported on graphene, the strong binding within the dimer and the stronger interaction of the 3d atom with the substrate stabilizes an upright geometry. Spin and orbital moments on the 3d atom are strongly quenched, but due to the weaker binding within the dimer the properties of the 5d atom are more free-atom-like with increased spin and orbital moments. The changes in the magnetic moment are reflected in the structure of the electronic eigenstates near the Fermi level, for all three dimers the easy magnetic direction is now parallel to the dimer axis and perpendicular to the graphene layer. The already very large magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) of IrCo is further enhanced by the interaction with the support, the MAE of PtFe changes sign, and that of the PtCo dimer is reduced. These changes are discussed in relation to the relativistic electronic structure of free and supported dimers and it is demonstrated that the existence of a partially occupied quasi-degenerate state at the Fermi level favors the formation of a large magnetic anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Błoński
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Wien, Austria. Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, PL-31-342 Kraków, Poland
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Alvarado-Leyva PG, Aguilera-Granja F, Balbás LC, Vega A. Antiferromagnetic-like coupling in the cationic iron cluster of thirteen atoms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:14458-64. [PMID: 23884079 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51377g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We explore, within the density functional theory in the generalized gradient approximation to exchange and correlation, the map of spin isomers of the cationic Fe13(+) cluster in connection with recent X-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy experiments [M. Niemeyer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 2012, 108, 057201] which showed an anomalous low magnetic moment per number of 3d holes in this cluster. We systematically explore the low-lying magnetic excitations and correlate them with structural rearrangements and stability indicators. We obtain the observed low magnetic moment per 3d hole as the ground state of Fe13(+) and we demonstrate that, as supposed by the experimentalists, the cluster undergoes a magnetic transition from a ferromagnetic-like configuration to an antiferromagnetic-like one upon ionization. We unravel this unexpected magnetic behavior showing that it is concomitant with a Th-deformation of the icosahedral structure together with the electronic filling of this particular iron cluster. The spin-orbit interaction preserves this magnetic configuration which is essentially due to the spin. Our computed magnetic anisotropy energy supports the experimental interpretation of the cluster as fluxional due to the very weak coupling of the magnetic moment to an easy axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Alvarado-Leyva
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Li Q, Li YN, Wang T, Wang SG, Huo CF, Li YW, Wang J, Jiao H. Electronic structures and energies of Fe2(CO)n (n=0-9). Chemphyschem 2013; 14:1573-6. [PMID: 23512261 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
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Gutsev GL, Weatherford CA, Jena P, Johnson E, Ramachandran BR. Structure and Properties of Fen, Fen–, and Fen+ Clusters, n = 7–20. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:10218-28. [DOI: 10.1021/jp307284v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - P. Jena
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond,
Virginia 23284, United States
| | | | - B. R. Ramachandran
- College of Engineering & Science, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, United States
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Angeli C, Cimiraglia R. A multireference perturbation theory study on the Fe2molecule: in quest of the ground state. Mol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2011.566586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Camacho C, Yamamoto S, Witek HA. Choosing a proper complete active space in calculations for transition metal dimers: ground state of Mn2 revisited. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:5128-34. [DOI: 10.1039/b805125a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Zhao B, Lu H, Likhtina I, Jules J, Lombardi JR. Spectroscopy of mass-selected VCo and VFe in argon matrices. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1571523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tremblay B, Gutsev G, Manceron L, Andrews L. Vibrational Spectrum and Structure of the Fe2CO Molecule. An Infrared Matrix Isolation and Density Functional Theory Study. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp026573a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Tremblay
- LADIR/Spectrochimie Moléculaire CNRS UMR 7075- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, case 49, 4 place Jussieu 75252 Paris, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901-4319
| | - Gennady Gutsev
- LADIR/Spectrochimie Moléculaire CNRS UMR 7075- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, case 49, 4 place Jussieu 75252 Paris, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901-4319
| | - Laurent Manceron
- LADIR/Spectrochimie Moléculaire CNRS UMR 7075- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, case 49, 4 place Jussieu 75252 Paris, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901-4319
| | - Lester Andrews
- LADIR/Spectrochimie Moléculaire CNRS UMR 7075- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, case 49, 4 place Jussieu 75252 Paris, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901-4319
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Barden CJ, Rienstra-Kiracofe JC, Schaefer HF. Homonuclear 3d transition-metal diatomics: A systematic density functional theory study. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Yanagisawa S, Tsuneda T, Hirao K. An investigation of density functionals: The first-row transition metal dimer calculations. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chertihin GV, Citra A, Andrews L, Bauschlicher CW. Reactions of Laser-Ablated Cobalt Atoms with O2. Infrared Spectra of Cobalt Oxides in Solid Argon. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp972022m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George V. Chertihin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
| | - Angelo Citra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
| | - Lester Andrews
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
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Castro M, Jamorski C, Salahub DR. Structure, bonding, and magnetism of small Fe , Co , and Ni clusters, n ≤ 5. Chem Phys Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(97)00420-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wu H, Desai SR, Wang LS. Observation and Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study of Novel Mono- and Diiron Oxide Molecules: FeOy- (y = 1−4) and Fe2Oy- (y = 1−5). J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja954153b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Wu
- Contribution from the Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352, and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K2-14, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Sunil R. Desai
- Contribution from the Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352, and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K2-14, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Contribution from the Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352, and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K2-14, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
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Wang L, Cheng H, Fan J. Photoelectron spectroscopy of size‐selected transition metal clusters: Fe−n, n=3–24. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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