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Reilly C, Hutchison A, Sitz GO. Survival of rotational alignment in H 2 scattering from Si(100). J Chem Phys 2021; 155:174705. [PMID: 34742218 DOI: 10.1063/5.0068518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a state-prepared, state-resolved study of rotational scattering of a diatomic molecule from a solid surface. Specifically, H2 molecules with 80 meV kinetic energy are rotationally aligned in the j = 3 rotational state via stimulated Raman pumping and then scattered from a Si(100) surface at normal incidence. The rotational alignment of the scattered molecules is determined by measuring, for both the incident and scattered molecules, the ionization yield of a probe laser, tuned to selectively ionize molecules in the j = 3 rotation level, as the probe laser polarization is rotated. The measurement is performed for two initial rotational alignments: a "helicoptering" alignment with the bonds constrained to lie primarily parallel to the surface and a "cartwheeling" alignment with the bonds lying primarily normal to the surface. For both initial alignments, the modulation of the probe ionization yield with laser polarization for the scattered molecules is pronounced, although significantly weaker than the modulation measured for the incident molecules. This indicates a significant modification but not a complete elimination of the initial alignment. The modulation is found to be stronger for the scattered molecules originating in the cartwheeling alignment than for the helicoptering alignment. These results contribute toward an improved understanding of the role of rotational motion in molecule-surface dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Reilly
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1081, USA
| | - Andrew Hutchison
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1081, USA
| | - Greg O Sitz
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1081, USA
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Harding DJ, Neugebohren J, Auerbach DJ, Kitsopoulos TN, Wodtke AM. Using Ion Imaging to Measure Velocity Distributions in Surface Scattering Experiments. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:12255-62. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b06272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan J. Harding
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry, Georg-August University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - J. Neugebohren
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry, Georg-August University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel J. Auerbach
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry, Georg-August University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - T. N. Kitsopoulos
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry, Georg-August University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Alec M. Wodtke
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry, Georg-August University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Golibrzuch K, Shirhatti PR, Rahinov I, Auerbach DJ, Wodtke AM, Bartels C. Incidence energy dependent state-to-state time-of-flight measurements of NO(v = 3) collisions with Au(111): the fate of incidence vibrational and translational energy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:7602-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp55224a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ziemkiewicz MP, Roscioli JR, Nesbitt DJ. State-to-state dynamics at the gas-liquid metal interface: Rotationally and electronically inelastic scattering of NO[2Π1/2(0.5)] from molten gallium. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:234703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3591180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Geethalakshmi KR, Juaristi JI, Díez Muiño R, Alducin M. Non-reactive scattering of N2 from the W(110) surface studied with different exchange–correlation functionals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:4357-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02250k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kim J, Sitz GO. The sticking of H2(v= 1,J= 1) on Cu(100) measured using laser-induced thermal desorption. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00268971003630711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Rahinov I, Cooper R, Yuan C, Yang X, Auerbach DJ, Wodtke AM. Efficient vibrational and translational excitations of a solid metal surface: State-to-state time-of-flight measurements of HCl(v=2,J=1) scattering from Au(111). J Chem Phys 2009; 129:214708. [PMID: 19063576 DOI: 10.1063/1.3028542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report high resolution state-to-state time-of-flight (TOF) measurements for scattering of HCl(v=2, J=1) from a Au(111) single crystal surface for both vibrationally elastic (v=2-->2) as well as inelastic (v=2-->1) channels at seven incidence energies between 0.28 and 1.27 eV. The dependences of the TOF results on final HCl rotational state and surface temperature are also reported. The translational energy transferred to the surface depends linearly on incidence energy and is close to the single surface-atom impulse (Baule) limit over the entire range of incidence energies studied. The probability of vibrational relaxation is also large. For molecules that relax from v=2 to v=1, the fraction of vibrational energy that is transferred to the surface is approximately 74%. We discuss these observations in terms of an impulse approximation as well as the possible role of translational and vibrational excitations of electron-hole pairs in the solid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Rahinov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Manson J. Chapter 3 Energy Transfer to Phonons in Atom and Molecule Collisions with Surfaces. DYNAMICS 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1573-4331(08)00003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Ambaye H, Manson JR. Translational to rotational energy transfer in molecule-surface collisions. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:084717. [PMID: 16965049 DOI: 10.1063/1.2209237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A theoretical approach that combines classical mechanics for treating translational and rotational degrees of freedom and quantum mechanics for describing the excitation of internal molecular modes is applied to the scattering of diatomic molecules from metal surfaces. Calculations are carried out for determining the extent of energy transfer to the rotational degrees of freedom of the projectile molecule. For the case of observed spectra of intensity versus final rotational energy, quantitative agreement with available experimental data for the scattering of NO and N(2) from close packed metal surfaces is obtained. It is shown that such measurements can be used to determine the average rotational energy of the incident molecular beam. Measurements of the exchange of energy between translational and rotational degrees of freedom upon collision are also described by calculations for these same systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailemariam Ambaye
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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Shackman LC, Sitz GO. State-to-state scattering of D2 from Cu(100) and Pd(111). J Chem Phys 2005; 123:64712. [PMID: 16122340 DOI: 10.1063/1.1993555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Results from state resolved experiments are presented for the interaction of D2(v=1,J=2) with Cu(100) and Pd(111). The reflected molecules were probed using quantum state specific spectroscopy. For D2 scattered from Cu(100) the vibrational survival probability and some transition inelastic probabilities were measured for incident energies from 70-200 meV. The survival probability was found to be larger then that found previously for H2(v=1) scattered from the same surface; these differences are discussed in terms of the lower zero point energy and smaller vibrational energy spacings of D2. D2 translational energy exchange was studied for several different scattering channels and interpreted using simple classical calculations. The survival probability was also measured for D2(v=1) scattered from Pd(111) at one incident energy. Pd is reactive for D2 dissociation and this survival probability was measured to be small and also to be much smaller than that for H2(v=1) under similar conditions. Vibrational relaxation channels were studied for D2 scattering from both Cu(100) and Pd(111). The vibrational relaxation probability on both surfaces was also found to be smaller than that measured for comparable channels for H2. The smaller survival probability and vibrational relaxation probability for D2 on Pd(111) cannot be easily accounted for by the difference in zero point energy and vibrational energy spacings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah C Shackman
- Department of Physics, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-0264, USA
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Shackman LC, Sitz GO. Rotationally inelastic scattering of HD from Cu(100) and Pd(111). J Chem Phys 2005; 122:114702. [PMID: 15836238 DOI: 10.1063/1.1861884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotational excitation of HD scattered from Cu(100), Pd(111), and Pd(111):H(D) was measured using molecular beam and quantum-state-specific laser spectroscopy techniques. Greater than 91% of the incident HD population was in the v = 0, J = 0 state. The final rotational distributions from Cu(100), Pd(111), and Pd(111):H(D) were compared for a HD beam at an incident energy of 74 meV. For all the three surfaces studied, rotationally inelastic scattering probabilities were large. We find that the final HD rotational distributions are remarkably similar for the three surfaces even though Pd(111) is very reactive to dissociative adsorption of HD whereas Cu(100) and Pd(111):H(D) are chemically inert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah C Shackman
- Department of Physics, University of Texas, Austin, 78712, USA
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Mortensen H, Jensen E, Diekhöner L, Baurichter A, Luntz AC, Petrunin VV. State resolved inelastic scattering of N2 from Ru(0001). J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1575210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Ellison MD, Matthews CM, Zare RN. Scattering of xenon from Ni(111): Collision-induced corrugation and energy transfer dynamics. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Watts E, Sitz GO. Surface temperature dependence of rotational excitation of H2 scattered from Pd(111). J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Greg O. Sitz
- Department of Physics, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
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Korolik M, Arnold D, Johnson M, Suchan M, Reisler H, Wittig C. Trapping-desorption and direct-inelastic scattering of HCl from MgO(100). Chem Phys Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(97)01421-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gostein M, Sitz GO. Rotational state-resolved sticking coefficients for H2 on Pd(111): Testing dynamical steering in dissociative adsorption. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.473699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Stinnett JA, Madix RJ. Molecular adsorption of alkanes on platinum surfaces: A predictive theoretical model. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Gostein M, Parhikhteh H, Sitz GO. Survival probability of H2(v=1,J=1) scattered from Cu(110). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 75:342-345. [PMID: 10059670 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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